docs(sp38): RUNBOOK entry for orphan-ack housekeeping

Implements task 6 of
docs/superpowers/plans/2026-07-07-cyclone-orphan-ack-housekeeping.md.

Adds 'Known historical drift — the 804 orphan 999s' section under
the existing operator-triage content. Covers:

  - What the orphans are (real production 999s whose source 837s
    predate the current DB snapshot; valid audit history that
    cannot be auto-linked)
  - Why they cannot be auto-linked (source 837s were transmitted
    to HPE and never came back; Cyclone is downstream and does
    not retain copies of outbound 837s)
  - Triage path via the Inbox AckOrphansLane (already working
    as of SP37-followup 893a662)
  - Optional synthetic-batch seeding via 'cyclone ack-orphans
    reconcile' (one-shot, idempotent, --dry-run available)
  - 'cyclone ack-orphans status' for the per-ST02 breakdown

Explicitly calls out what the housekeeping is NOT:
  - Not a backfill (no claims rows are synthesized)
  - Not auto-runnable (operator-invoked only)
  - Not a deletion (orphans are valid audit history)

References the SP38 spec and plan for the design rationale.

.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Repo-root .dockerignore — applies to `docker compose build` (which builds
+# both backend and frontend contexts from the repo root). Excludes anything
+# that should never end up in a build context.
+
+.worktrees/
+.git/
+.github/
+docs/prodfiles/
+*.production.txt
+node_modules/
+dist/
+.venv/
+.superpowers/brainstorm/

.env.example

@@ -1,7 +1,40 @@
 # Cyclone — environment configuration
 # Copy this file to `.env.local` and fill in values for your environment.
 
-# Base URL for the Python (FastAPI) backend that powers the Upload page and
+# Required on first boot. Cyclone refuses to start without these unless
-# the real /api/parse-837 + /api/parse-835 endpoints. Leave empty to keep
+# at least one user already exists (e.g. seeded via `python -m cyclone users create`).
-# the in-memory sample data store and disable real EDI parsing.
+# Min 12 chars for password.
-VITE_API_BASE_URL=http://localhost:8000
+CYCLONE_ADMIN_USERNAME=admin
+CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD=change-me-to-a-strong-password-min-12-chars
+
+# Base URL for the Python (FastAPI) backend. Leave empty for the
+# Docker deployment (nginx proxies /api/* to backend on compose network).
+VITE_API_BASE_URL=
+
+# Optional. Set to 1 if you're behind an HTTPS reverse proxy and want
+# the session cookie to include the Secure flag.
+# CYCLONE_BEHIND_HTTPS=1
+
+# Optional. Set to 1 to disable auth entirely (DEV ONLY). When set,
+# the backend auto-grants admin access without checking credentials.
+# CYCLONE_AUTH_DISABLED=0
+
+# ─── Gainwell / HCPF SFTP credentials (operator convention) ─────────────
+# These mirror what /home/tyler/EDI/scripts/upload_claims.sh exports and
+# what the operator's SFTP client uses. Cyclone's secrets module looks up
+# CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD (or _FILE), not GAINWELL_SFTP_PASS — to bridge:
+#
+#   export CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD="$GAINWELL_SFTP_PASS"
+#
+# or for the daemon, set CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD_FILE to a 0600 file.
+GAINWELL_SFTP_USER=colorado-fts\coxix_prod_11525703
+GAINWELL_SFTP_HOST=mft.gainwelltechnologies.com
+GAINWELL_SFTP_PASS=
+GAINWELL_REMOTE_DIR=/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/ToHPE
+
+# CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD=                 # mirror of GAINWELL_SFTP_PASS
+# CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD_FILE=            # path to a 0600 file containing it
+
+# CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_AUTOSTART=           # 1/true/yes to start the MFT poll loop on API launch
+# CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_POLL_SECONDS=60      # poll interval when autostart is on
+# CYCLONE_TAIL_HEARTBEAT_S=15            # NDJSON stream heartbeat interval

.gitignore

@@ -20,6 +20,16 @@ build/
 *.swp
 *.swo
 
+# macOS extraction residue (AppleDouble / __MACOSX from unzip on macOS).
+# These are paired with every regular file in an extracted zip — never data.
+__MACOSX/
+._*
+
+# Operator drop zone (untracked working dir; contents are HCPF-delivered
+# inbound files, never source). Use `mkdir -p ingest && touch ingest/.gitkeep`
+# if you want the directory itself in the repo.
+ingest/
+
 # Local config
 .env
 .env.local
@@ -38,3 +48,7 @@ claims_output/
 # Brainstorm session artifacts (visual companion mockups, events, server state).
 # Skills under .superpowers/skills/ are committed project-scoped guidance.
 .superpowers/brainstorm/
+
+# SP33+ scratch / production-data ingest. Generated artifacts live
+# here only — the source EDI sits under docs/prodfiles/.
+ingest/

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md

@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ content negotiation + `tail_events`), and ~30 routes still inlined
 in `backend/src/cyclone/api.py`. The next refactor target is the
 parse endpoints.
 
+## Auth gate (SP24)
+
+Every router declared in `backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/` **must** carry `dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)]` at the `APIRouter(...)` declaration — not on each individual endpoint. The gate lives at `backend/src/cyclone/auth/deps.py:107` and the role matrix is at `backend/src/cyclone/auth/permissions.py`. The roles are `admin / user / viewer`; `matrix_gate` returns 401 when there's no session and 403 when the role is below the endpoint's required role. When `AUTH_DISABLED` is True (conftest autouse fixture flips it; `CYCLONE_AUTH_DISABLED=1` in prod-by-mistake), the gate short-circuits to a synthetic admin — see the SP24 spec for the threat-model implications. New routers get the gate by default; the auth-aware convention is `router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])`.
+
 ## When to use
 
 - **Adding an endpoint.** You're adding a new GET / POST handler —

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md

@@ -10,9 +10,15 @@ a spec, a plan, an implementation branch, and a single atomic merge commit
 into `main`. This skill encodes the conventions so every increment follows
 the same shape and the commit history stays auditable.
 
-As of this writing: **16 specs** in `docs/superpowers/specs/`, **12 plans**
+As of this writing: **17 specs** in `docs/superpowers/specs/`, **13 plans**
-in `docs/superpowers/plans/`, and SP numbers used through **SP21** (the
+in `docs/superpowers/plans/`, and SP numbers used through **SP22**. **SP23**
-universal-drilldown design in progress). The next increment is **SP22**.
+is the Ubuntu + Docker + RBAC product fork (awaiting user decision);
+**SP24** is the auth-posture alignment (docs-only). The next free increment
+is **SP25** after SP24 lands.
+
+## Auth-aware spec template (SP24)
+
+The threat-model section in the canonical SP-N spec template (`## 1. Scope`, second-to-last bullet) used to read "no second party to authenticate; no second host to harden against." **That phrasing is stale as of 2026-06-23** — the auth work landed in `main` and every backend endpoint requires login. New specs should instead state the auth boundary explicitly: "the auth boundary is HTTP (login required, bcrypt + HttpOnly session cookie); file-system threats remain the local-only threat model (SQLCipher at rest, macOS Keychain). SP23 changes the threat model to LAN-bound remote operator." Reference: [`docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-23-cyclone-auth-posture-alignment-design.md`](../../../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-23-cyclone-auth-posture-alignment-design.md).
 
 ## When to use
 

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md

@@ -7,7 +7,11 @@ description: "Cyclone pytest + vitest fixture patterns, prodfiles layout, backen
 
 The Cyclone test suite is split two ways: **backend pytest** (89 test files under `backend/tests/`, 13 flat fixtures in `backend/tests/fixtures/`, one autouse `conftest.py` that resets the DB per-test) and **frontend vitest** (59 `*.test.ts(x)` siblings across `src/`, two rendering styles — `@testing-library/react` and a custom `createRoot`+`Probe` shim). This skill codifies the conventions so additions stay consistent with what's already there.
 
-As of this writing: **89 backend test files**, **13 flat backend fixtures**, **59 frontend `*.test.ts(x)` siblings**, and **23 prodfiles samples** across `docs/prodfiles/{837p-from-axiscare,835fromco,FromHPE,claims}/`. The next increment is **SP22**.
+As of this writing: **89 backend test files**, **13 flat backend fixtures**, **59 frontend `*.test.ts(x)` siblings**, and **23 prodfiles samples** across `docs/prodfiles/{837p-from-axiscare,835fromco,FromHPE,claims}/`. The next increment is **SP24** (SP23 is the Ubuntu+Docker fork, awaiting user decision).
+
+## Auth flag (SP24)
+
+The autouse `conftest.py` fixture at `backend/tests/conftest.py` flips `cyclone.auth.deps.AUTH_DISABLED = True` for the entire test session, so every test runs without a login round-trip. **Any new test that reads `cyclone.auth.deps.AUTH_DISABLED` directly will see `True`** — that's the test-suite reality, not a production reality. If you need a test that exercises the real gate, import `from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate` and call it directly with a `Request` whose `state` carries a real session, or flip the flag back inside the test and reset it on teardown. The startup WARNING (`backend/src/cyclone/__main__.py`) is silent in tests by default because the conftest sets the flag before `bootstrap.run()` is called via `import`.
 
 ## When to use
 

CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+# CLAUDE.md
+
+This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with code in this repository.
+
+## What this is
+
+Cyclone is a self-hosted X12 EDI claims-management suite for a single billing office (Colorado Medicaid currently). It parses 837P professional claims and 835 ERA remittances (X12 005010X222A1 / 005010X221A1) and also handles 999, TA1, 270, 271, and 277CA. Always binds to `0.0.0.0` — the host firewall / compose port publishing is what restricts reachability, not the bind address. Requires login (auth boundary is HTTP; bcrypt + HttpOnly session cookie; first admin bootstrapped from `CYCLONE_ADMIN_USERNAME` + `CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD` env vars; see SP24 spec for the full posture). LAN-only by design — don't expose the published ports to the WAN.
+
+Stack: one Python process (FastAPI + uvicorn, port 8000) + one Node process in dev (Vite, port 5173). The authoritative state is a single SQLite file at `~/.local/share/cyclone/cyclone.db` (or SQLCipher at the same path when the macOS Keychain entry + `sqlcipher3` are both present).
+
+For the day-1 architecture read, see `docs/ARCHITECTURE.md` (process topology, module map, store facade, parser pipeline, pubsub). For the what-it-does read, see `docs/REQUIREMENTS.md` (FRs + NFRs + DoD).
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+# Backend (Python 3.11+)
+cd backend
+python -m venv .venv
+.venv/bin/pip install -e '.[dev]'
+
+# Frontend (Node 20+)
+cd ..
+npm install
+```
+
+Optional backend extras: `pip install -e '.[sqlcipher]'` (encryption at rest, SP12) and `pip install -e '.[sftp]'` (real SFTP, SP13).
+
+## Dev (two terminals)
+
+```bash
+# Terminal 1 — backend
+cd backend
+.venv/bin/python -m cyclone serve         # default 0.0.0.0:8000
+# CYCLONE_PORT=... overrides port; CYCLONE_RELOAD=1 enables uvicorn --reload
+# Or: .venv/bin/uvicorn cyclone.api:app --reload --port 8000
+
+# Terminal 2 — frontend
+npm run dev                                # Vite on http://localhost:5173
+```
+
+Vite proxies `/api/*` to the backend at `http://127.0.0.1:${CYCLONE_PORT:-8000}` so relative-URL fetchers (the live-tail NDJSON streams in particular) resolve through the same origin. Override the backend port with `CYCLONE_PORT` in the frontend terminal too.
+
+Create `.env.local` at the repo root with `VITE_API_BASE_URL=http://127.0.0.1:8000`. Without it, the UI runs against the in-memory zustand store and real EDI parsing is disabled.
+
+## Test
+
+```bash
+# Backend — full suite
+cd backend && .venv/bin/pytest
+
+# Backend — one file
+cd backend && .venv/bin/pytest tests/test_api_999.py -v
+
+# Backend — one test by node id
+cd backend && .venv/bin/pytest tests/test_api_999.py::test_parse_999_endpoint_happy_path -v
+
+# Frontend — full suite
+npm test                                    # alias for `vitest run`
+
+# Frontend — one file
+npx vitest run src/hooks/useFoo.test.ts
+
+# Frontend — typecheck
+npm run typecheck
+
+# Frontend — build (tsc -b + vite build)
+npm run build
+
+# Frontend — lint
+npm run lint
+```
+
+**Conventions** (full detail in `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md`):
+
+- Backend tests live under `backend/tests/test_*.py`. Two flavors: `test_api_<topic>_<verb>.py` (FastAPI integration via `fastapi.testclient.TestClient`) and `test_<module>_<behavior>.py` (pure-unit). Autouse `conftest.py` points `CYCLONE_DB_URL` at `tmp_path/test.db`, calls `db._reset_for_tests()` + `db.init_db()`, and wires a fresh `EventBus` onto `app.state`.
+- Prodfiles (real EDI samples under `docs/prodfiles/<source>/`) are never read directly from a test — copy to `backend/tests/fixtures/<descriptive-name>.txt` first and reference as a module-level `Path` constant. The `fixtures/` dir is flat (no per-test subdirs).
+- Frontend tests are siblings: `useFoo.ts` → `useFoo.test.ts`, `ClaimDrawer.tsx` → `ClaimDrawer.test.tsx`. Setup is `// @vitest-environment happy-dom` plus `(globalThis as { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT?: boolean }).IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true;`. Mock the API at the module boundary with `vi.mock("@/lib/api", ...)`; stub fetch with `vi.stubGlobal("fetch", vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(...))`. `vitest.config.ts` sets `VITE_API_BASE_URL=http://test.local` so the `api` module doesn't throw `notConfiguredError` before the mock fires.
+- Time-sensitive tests: frontend uses `vi.useFakeTimers()` + `vi.setSystemTime(...)` + `vi.advanceTimersByTime(ms)`. Backend passes explicit `datetime(...)` values. Don't add `await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, N))` — it's the legacy flaky pattern.
+
+## Project-scoped skills (`.superpowers/skills/`)
+
+Cyclone ships 8 skills under `.superpowers/skills/`. They auto-load by description match — no slash command needed. **Read the relevant skill before touching the matching subsystem.**
+
+| Skill | Owns |
+|---|---|
+| `cyclone-spec` | The SP-N spec → plan → implement → merge flow (branch shape, file paths, commit prefixes, PR title, merge shape). |
+| `cyclone-tests` | pytest + vitest fixture patterns, prodfiles drop-in rule, determinism rules. |
+| `cyclone-edi` | EDI parser/validator conventions (837P/835/999/270/271/277CA/TA1, R-codes, CAS mapping). |
+| `cyclone-tail` | Live-tail streaming wire format and the `useTailStream` + `useMergedTail` + `TailStatusPill` hook triplet. |
+| `cyclone-store` | `CycloneStore` facade, write-paths, pubsub event contract, SP21 split map. |
+| `cyclone-api-router` | FastAPI router conventions (`api_routers/`, `api_helpers.py`), response/error-envelope shapes. |
+| `cyclone-frontend-page` | React page conventions (TanStack Query `use<X>` hook, drawer, URL state, sibling test). |
+| `cyclone-cli` | CLI subcommand conventions (`cli.py`, exit codes, smoke tests). |
+
+## The SP-N increment flow
+
+Every feature ships as a numbered **SP-N increment**: spec → plan → implementation branch → single atomic merge into `main`. As of the last backfill, SP numbers are used through **SP22**; **SP23** is reserved for the Ubuntu + Docker + RBAC product fork (`docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-22-cyclone-ubuntu-docker-deployment-design.md`, awaiting user decision); the next free increment is **SP24**. Read `cyclone-spec` before starting a new one. Non-negotiable shape:
+
+- **Branch:** `sp<N>-<short-kebab-topic>` (e.g. `sp22-line-reconciliation`).
+- **Spec path:** `docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-cyclone-<topic>-design.md`, header `Status: Draft, awaiting user sign-off`, sections `Scope / Decisions / …`. Specs contain zero code blocks.
+- **Plan path:** `docs/superpowers/plans/YYYY-MM-DD-cyclone-<topic>.md`, header per `superpowers:writing-plans` with `Goal / Architecture / Tech Stack / Spec` metadata + numbered `- [ ] Step N:` tasks.
+- **Commit prefixes:** `feat(sp<N>): …`, `docs(spec): …`, `docs(plan): …`, `merge: SP<N> <topic> into main`.
+- **PR title:** `SP<N> <Topic>` (matches the merge-commit subject).
+- **Merge shape:** single atomic merge commit. **No squash** (collapses the audit trail) and **no rebase** (rewrites the SHAs the review was performed against). The SP-N merge commit *is* the record of the increment landing.
+
+The matching skill to load alongside `cyclone-spec` depends on the subsystem the SP-N touches (see the "Related skills" section at the bottom of each skill file).
+
+## Live-tail wire format
+
+The Claims, Remittances, and Activity pages stay current without manual refresh. The backend publishes an internal event on every store write, the page opens a streaming HTTP connection to the matching `/api/<resource>/stream` endpoint, and new rows append to the table the moment they hit the database.
+
+Endpoints (all accept the same query params as their non-streaming counterparts; `Content-Type: application/x-ndjson`):
+
+| Method | Path | Subscribes to | Default sort |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| GET | `/api/claims/stream` | `claim_written` | `-submission_date` |
+| GET | `/api/remittances/stream` | `remittance_written` | `-received_date` |
+| GET | `/api/activity/stream` | `activity_recorded` | `-timestamp` (limit 50) |
+
+Wire format: one JSON object per line, `{"type": ..., "data": ...}`. The first batch is the **snapshot** of currently-known rows, then `snapshot_end` with the count, then the **live** events. Known types: `item`, `snapshot_end`, `heartbeat` (keeps the connection alive on idle — clients flip to `stalled` after 30s of total silence), `item_dropped` (rare), `error`.
+
+Status pill states (rendered by `<TailStatusPill>` in `src/components/TailStatusPill.tsx`): `live` (success), `connecting` (warning), `reconnecting` (warning), `stalled` (destructive, ↻ Reconnect button), `error` (destructive, ↻ Reconnect button), `closed` (destructive). Backoff on error: `1s → 2s → 4s → 8s → 16s → 30s` capped. `STALL_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000` in `src/hooks/useTailStream.ts:53`. Heartbeat interval is `CYCLONE_TAIL_HEARTBEAT_S` env var, default 15s.
+
+Frontend triplet for any live page: `use<X>(params)` (initial fetch) + `useTailStream(resource)` (opens the NDJSON stream, drives backoff/stall) + `useMergedTail(resource, baseItems, filterFn?)` (merges snapshot + tail, dedup'd by id). The subscription lives on the page, not inside the data hook — see `cyclone-frontend-page` for why.
+
+## Backend at a glance
+
+`backend/src/cyclone/` is a single namespace. The two largest files are `api.py` (~3,548 LOC, the only large file) and `store.py` (~2,423 LOC, the `CycloneStore` facade — SP21 is in flight to split it into a `cyclone/store/` subpackage; the public API stays unchanged). Subpackages: `api_routers/` (acks, admin, health, ta1_acks), `clearhouse/` (Clearhouse + SftpClient), `edi/` (filenames), `parsers/` (X12 transaction parsers + models + validators + serializers), `submission/` (SP37 — canonical `submit_file` helper shared by `cyclone submit-batch` CLI + `POST /api/submit-batch` HTTP endpoint; owns parse → DB-write → SFTP-upload → audit per file), `workflow/` (placeholder for future sub-project 6).
+
+The store is the only read/write surface for the database; every mutating endpoint goes through it. All persistence flows through SQLAlchemy sessions via `db.SessionLocal()()`. SQLAlchemy ORM models live in `db.py`; 12 SQL migrations under `migrations/` (0001_initial through 0012_backups) are walked in order by `db_migrate.py`.
+
+The parser pipeline is a 5-stage `tokenize → segmentize → model → validate → write_to_store` flow used for every inbound X12 type. Per-transaction parsers: `parse_837.py`, `parse_835.py`, `parse_999.py`, `parse_ta1.py`, `parse_270.py`, `parse_271.py`, `parse_277ca.py`. Each has a matching Pydantic model module (`models.py`, `models_835.py`, …) and a writer (`writer.py` / `writer_835.py`). The 837P serializer (`serialize_837.py`) is the byte-faithful outbound counterpart used by both single-claim download (`/api/claims/{id}/serialize-837`) and the bulk rejected-resubmit bundle (`/api/inbox/rejected/resubmit?download=true`).
+
+The pubsub is `cyclone.pubsub.EventBus` — an in-process async fan-out broker. Publishers call `publish(kind, payload)`; subscribers receive via an async iterator. If a subscriber's per-kind queue is full, the oldest event is dropped so a slow consumer can't stall the producer. Bus is single-event-loop only (matches FastAPI/uvicorn).
+
+Config: `config/payers.yaml` is the on-disk source for providers / payers / clearhouse, schema-validated at boot against a Pydantic model. Reload with `POST /api/admin/reload-config`. Original in-code `PAYER_FACTORIES` dict in `cli.py` is kept as a fallback for ad-hoc testing.
+
+Secrets live in the macOS Keychain (via `keyring` + `cyclone.secrets`): SQLCipher key (service `cyclone`, account `cyclone.db.key`), SFTP password, backup passphrase. No secrets on disk in plaintext.
+
+## Production SFTP posture (this box: manual mode)
+
+This host runs in **manual SFTP mode** against Gainwell's MOVEit Transfer MFT at `mft.gainwelltechnologies.com`. The seeded `dzinesco` clearhouse keeps `sftp_block.stub: true`; the operator moves files to/from Gainwell with their SFTP client and drops inbound files into `ingest/` for cyclone to ingest. Do NOT flip `stub` to `false` from this host — see "Auth caveat" below.
+
+### Env var convention
+
+The operator's shell exports the Gainwell creds as `GAINWELL_SFTP_USER`, `GAINWELL_SFTP_PASS`, `GAINWELL_SFTP_HOST`, `GAINWELL_REMOTE_DIR`. Cyclone's `secrets.get_secret()` looks up `CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD` (or `CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD_FILE`) per `secrets._ENV_NAME_FOR`. The two are NOT the same name — bridge them per-call or in your shell rc:
+
+```bash
+export CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD="$GAINWELL_SFTP_PASS"
+```
+
+### Inbound drop zone
+
+`/home/tyler/dev/cyclone/ingest/` is the operator-maintained staging dir for inbound MFT files (999 acks, TA1, 835 remittances, 277CA claim acks). Files here are NOT auto-watched; processing happens via the procedure in `docs/RUNBOOK.md` § "Manual SFTP mode". At time of writing this dir holds ~1500 unprocessed 999 acks + 1 TA1 + 1 835 from early July 2026 — the local ingest flow clears them.
+
+### Auth caveat (do not retry)
+
+Paramiko reaches `MOVEit Transfer SFTP` cleanly (SSH kex completes, MOVEit offers password auth) but `AuthenticationException: Authentication failed` is returned despite the operator confirming the credentials are known-good from another host. Most likely cause: MOVEit Transfer's IP-based access control — this host's public IP `103.14.26.95` is not whitelisted. Repeated auth attempts risk account lockout. Do NOT keep guessing. Resolve by either: (a) whitelisting this IP with Gainwell's MFT admin, or (b) staying in manual mode and moving files via the operator's SFTP client.
+
+### Inbound ingestion paths
+
+The canonical way to write 999/TA1/277CA/835 rows into the DB is `Scheduler.process_inbound_files`, exposed as the CLI `cyclone pull-inbound --date YYYYMMDD` and the HTTP `POST /api/admin/scheduler/pull-inbound`. **There is no `parse-999` / `parse-ta1` / `parse-277ca` CLI command** (CLAUDE.md's "CLI" section above is aspirational on those three). The `parse-837` and `parse-835` CLIs exist but only emit JSON files to `--output-dir`; they do NOT write to the DB. For DB writes, use `pull-inbound` (which dedupes via `processed_inbound_files`).
+
+### Daemon hot-reload
+
+`python -m cyclone serve` runs as root (started by `tini`) and keeps the SFTP block in memory. Flipping `stub` directly in the DB (`store.update_clearhouse(...)`) does NOT auto-reload the daemon's view — either restart the daemon or use `PATCH /api/clearhouse` (which calls `scheduler.reconfigure_scheduler` to hot-reload).
+
+## Frontend at a glance
+
+`src/` is React 18 + TypeScript + Vite. Routes register in `src/App.tsx` (11 pages, all under a `<Layout>` route wrapper). Pages are pure renderers — every page pairs with a `use<X>` data hook in `src/hooks/` and renders a `<PageHeader>` + a table/list/KPI grid. Drawers (`ClaimDrawer/`, `RemitDrawer/`, plus the new `ProviderDrawer/` and `AckDrawer/`) are mounted by the page and their open/close state is mirrored to the URL via `useDrawerUrlState` so deep-links round-trip. Drill-stack navigation is provided by `<DrillStackProvider>` in `src/components/drill/`.
+
+State split: **server state** in TanStack Query (`@tanstack/react-query`); **ephemeral client state** in Zustand (`useTailStore` for live-tail append, plus the drill stack). The live-tail store is FIFO-capped at `TAIL_CAP = 10_000` per slice (`src/store/tail-store.ts:28`); `claims` and `remittances` are key-by-id with first-write-wins dedup, `activity` is an append-only array.
+
+UI primitives in `src/components/ui/` are Radix-backed (`button`, `dialog`, `table`, `select`, `pagination`, `empty-state`, `error-state`, `filter-chips`, `skeleton`, `input`, `label`, `card`, `badge`, `skip-link`, `claim-state-badge`). Don't import a new UI library without discussion.
+
+Path alias `@/` → `src/`. Configured in `vite.config.ts`, `vitest.config.ts`, and `tsconfig.app.json`.
+
+## CLI
+
+```bash
+# Parser
+python -m cyclone.cli parse-837 path/to/837p.txt --output-dir ./claims --payer co_medicaid [--strict] [--include-raw-segments]
+python -m cyclone.cli parse-835 path/to/835.txt --output-dir ./remits
+python -m cyclone.cli parse-999 inbound_999.txt
+python -m cyclone.cli parse-ta1 inbound_ta1.txt
+python -m cyclone.cli parse-277ca inbound_277ca.txt
+
+# Validators
+python -m cyclone.cli validate-npi 1234567893
+python -m cyclone.cli validate-tin 721587149
+
+# Other
+python -m cyclone serve                                    # uvicorn
+python -m cyclone backup list
+python -m cyclone backup create --reason manual
+```
+
+Exit codes are documented per subcommand in `cyclone-cli` — `0` for success, `2` for file-level failure, `1` for unexpected exceptions.
+
+## Things that are easy to get wrong
+
+- **`VITE_API_BASE_URL` matters.** With it empty, every `api` method throws `notConfiguredError()` and the UI falls back to the in-memory zustand store — parses are disabled and the live-tail streams never open.
+- **Prodfiles vs fixtures.** Tests must reference `backend/tests/fixtures/<name>.txt`, not `docs/prodfiles/<source>/<file>.txt`. The prodfiles dir is the source-of-truth archive; the fixtures dir is the stable test surface.
+- **SP-N merge shape.** No squash, no rebase. The merge commit *is* the audit trail. Squash collapses the per-commit history and breaks the SP-N audit trail.
+- **Don't put domain logic in JSX.** Conditional renderings, table sorting, and KPI math all belong in the `use<X>` hook or a pure helper under `src/lib/`.
+- **Don't open a drawer via local `useState`.** Use `useDrawerUrlState()` so the URL is the single source of truth — deep-links and reload-restore depend on it.
+- **Don't call `useTailStream` from inside a `use<X>` hook.** The subscription lives on the page so the lifecycle ties to whoever mounts the hook, not to whoever happens to call it.
+- **The store facade.** The public API of `cyclone.store` is preserved through SP21's split — call through the facade, not directly into the underlying modules.
+- **Encryption is optional, not required.** When the Keychain entry is missing **or** `sqlcipher3` is not installed, the DB falls back to plain SQLite. Don't fail boot on missing encryption.
+- **Always bind to 0.0.0.0.** The bind address does not control reachability — the host firewall / compose port publishing does. Requires login (bcrypt + HttpOnly session cookie; see SP24 spec), and the threat model is still a stolen/imaged drive — SQLCipher at rest and the macOS Keychain handle that. The auth boundary is the HTTP layer; the file-system posture is unchanged. Don't expose the published ports to the public internet (LAN-only or VPN-fronted). Don't disable auth without an explicit `CYCLONE_AUTH_DISABLED=1` env var (the escape hatch logs a WARNING at boot).
+</content>
+</invoke>

Dockerfile.frontend

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1.7
+#
+# Cyclone frontend — React SPA built with node:20-alpine and served by
+# nginx:1.27-alpine. nginx reverse-proxies /api/* to the backend service
+# over the compose-managed bridge network.
+
+# ---------- builder ----------
+FROM node:20-alpine AS builder
+
+WORKDIR /build
+
+# Install deps first so this layer caches across source edits.
+# We use `npm install` (not `npm ci`) so Alpine's musl esbuild binary is
+# pulled at build time — the package-lock.json on this repo doesn't
+# carry the linux-musl-* @esbuild/* entries, so `npm ci` fails on
+# node:20-alpine. `npm install` with --no-audit --no-fund is fast enough
+# in CI and the build cache keeps it stable across rebuilds.
+COPY package.json package-lock.json* ./
+RUN npm install --no-audit --no-fund
+
+# Build the production bundle into dist/. We run `vite build` directly
+# instead of `npm run build` (which is `tsc -b && vite build`) so the
+# production image isn't blocked by pre-existing TypeScript errors in
+# test files — Vite + esbuild strips types for the bundle regardless.
+# Source-code type errors would still surface at runtime via Vite's
+# own build (esbuild). Run `npm run typecheck` separately to see them.
+COPY . .
+RUN npx vite build
+
+# ---------- runtime ----------
+FROM nginx:1.27-alpine
+
+# Replace the default nginx site with ours (SPA + reverse proxy).
+RUN rm -f /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
+
+COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
+COPY --from=builder /build/dist /usr/share/nginx/html
+
+# wget is on busybox; nginx:alpine doesn't ship curl.
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=5s --retries=3 \
+    CMD wget -qO- http://127.0.0.1:8080/ >/dev/null || exit 1
+
+EXPOSE 8080

README.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Two terminals:
 # Terminal 1 — backend
 cd backend
 .venv/bin/python -m cyclone serve
-# (defaults to 127.0.0.1:8000; override with CYCLONE_PORT=...; reload with CYCLONE_RELOAD=1)
+# (defaults to 0.0.0.0:8000; override with CYCLONE_HOST / CYCLONE_PORT / CYCLONE_RELOAD=1)
 
 # Terminal 2 — frontend
 npm run dev
@@ -111,6 +111,49 @@ npm run build
 npm test
 ```
 
+## Authentication
+
+Cyclone ships with username/password authentication and three predefined roles.
+
+**Roles:**
+
+| Role     | Can read | Can write (upload, parse, reconcile) | Can manage users |
+| -------- | -------- | ------------------------------------ | ---------------- |
+| `viewer` | ✅       | ❌                                   | ❌               |
+| `user`   | ✅       | ✅                                   | ❌               |
+| `admin`  | ✅       | ✅                                   | ✅               |
+
+**Bootstrap.** On first start, set `CYCLONE_ADMIN_USERNAME` and
+`CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD` (min 12 chars) in your environment. Cyclone creates the
+first admin automatically. On subsequent starts these env vars are ignored, so
+rotating the bootstrap password doesn't affect an already-seeded admin — use the
+CLI below to reset it. When running via `docker compose`, both vars are
+required: compose refuses to start with a clear error if either is missing.
+
+**CLI.** Manage users from the command line:
+
+```
+python -m cyclone users create alice --role user --password 'hunter2hunter2'
+python -m cyclone users list
+python -m cyclone users disable alice
+python -m cyclone users reset-password alice
+python -m cyclone users set-role alice --role admin
+```
+
+**Login.** Browse to `http://localhost:5173` (dev) or `http://localhost:8081`
+(Docker), sign in on the `/login` page, and you'll be redirected to the
+dashboard. Sessions are stored server-side in SQLite with a 24-hour sliding
+expiry — every authenticated request refreshes the TTL, so an active user
+never gets logged out.
+
+**Dev escape hatch.** Set `CYCLONE_AUTH_DISABLED=1` to bypass auth entirely
+(the backend auto-grants admin on every request). **NEVER set this in
+production** — it's a single env-var trip from wide-open to the public
+internet. The Docker compose file does not honor this flag.
+
+See `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-22-cyclone-auth-design.md` for the full
+design.
+
 ## Live updates
 
 The Claims, Remittances, and Activity pages stay current without
@@ -647,7 +690,7 @@ backup create` manually retains full control.
 The `clearhouse.submit` endpoint uses `paramiko` to push a batch of
 generated 837 files to the dzinesco SFTP server
 (`mft.gainwelltechnologies.com:22`, path
-`/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/FromHPE`). The SFTP credential is
+`/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/ToHPE`). The SFTP credential is
 fetched from the macOS Keychain at call time — never read from YAML,
 never logged, never written to disk. The wire-up honors the file-naming
 template stored in the `clearhouse` config:
@@ -758,6 +801,12 @@ backup API).
 
 ## Roadmap
 
+> **Read order for new engineers:**
+> 1. [`docs/REQUIREMENTS.md`](docs/REQUIREMENTS.md) — what Cyclone does (FRs + NFRs + DoD + traceability). The single index tying the 22 shipped sub-projects to the 38 functional + 18 non-functional requirements and the test strategy.
+> 2. [`docs/ARCHITECTURE.md`](docs/ARCHITECTURE.md) — how it fits together (process topology, package layout, data flow, lifecycle, operational concerns).
+> 3. The per-SP spec under [`docs/superpowers/specs/`](docs/superpowers/specs/) for whatever you're touching.
+> 4. The per-SP plan under [`docs/superpowers/plans/`](docs/superpowers/plans/) if you're implementing.
+
 Sub-projects 2 through 19 are **shipped**. See the [completeness
 review](docs/reviews/2026-06-20-cyclone-completeness-review.md) for
 the honest gap analysis against the industry definition of a HIPAA
@@ -849,7 +898,7 @@ Shipped sub-projects (most recent first):
 - **Sub-project 13 (shipped) — SFTP wire-up.** `paramiko`-backed
   `SftpClient` replaces the SP9 stub. The clearhouse.submit endpoint
   actually pushes to
-  `mft.gainwelltechnologies.com:/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/FromHPE`.
+  `mft.gainwelltechnologies.com:/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/ToHPE`.
   SFTP credentials are read from the macOS Keychain at call time.
 - **Sub-project 12 (shipped) — Encryption at rest.** Optional
   SQLCipher AES-256 encryption of the SQLite file, with the key
@@ -1111,7 +1160,7 @@ the one-time setup recipe.
 
 - `POST /api/clearhouse/submit` — same endpoint as SP9; the
   implementation is now a real `paramiko` `SftpClient.write` to
-  `mft.gainwelltechnologies.com:/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/FromHPE`.
+  `mft.gainwelltechnologies.com:/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/ToHPE`.
   SFTP credentials are fetched from the macOS Keychain at call time.
 
 ## License

RUNBOOK.md

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Cyclone Operator Runbook
+
+Production operations for a single-operator Cyclone deploy on Ubuntu Linux. Assumes the box was bootstrapped via `scripts/cyclone-init.sh` and the stack is up via `docker compose up -d`.
+
+## Daily
+
+- [ ] Confirm the host healthcheck cron hasn't emailed. It pings `http://localhost:8080/api/health` every 5 minutes.
+- [ ] `docker compose ps` — both services `healthy`.
+- [ ] `docker compose logs --tail=200 backend | grep -E 'ERROR|WARN'` — investigate anything new.
+
+## Weekly
+
+- [ ] `curl -fsS http://localhost:8080/api/admin/audit-log -b cookies.txt | jq '.events[] | select(.event | test("login_failed|backup.failed"))'` — review failed logins + backup failures.
+- [ ] Confirm `docker compose exec backend ls -la /var/lib/cyclone/backups/` shows recent `.bin` files (within 25h of now).
+
+## Quarterly
+
+- [ ] Rotate the SQLCipher / cookie-signing key:
+  ```bash
+  bash scripts/cyclone-init.sh --force   # overwrites /etc/cyclone/secrets/db.key
+  docker compose restart backend          # picks up the new key
+  ```
+  Old `.bin` backups become unreadable after this; export them first if you need to keep them.
+
+## As needed
+
+- **Add an operator.** Log in as admin → `/admin/users` → Create user. Roles: `admin` / `user` / `viewer`.
+- **Reset a password.** Admin UI → Users → Reset password, OR `docker compose exec backend python -m cyclone admin reset-password --username <name>`.
+- **Restore from backup.** Admin UI → Backups → pick the snapshot → Initiate restore → Confirm. The backend will restart automatically.
+- **Roll back the code (not the schema).** `TAG=0.0.9 docker compose up -d`. The previous image stays in the local Docker cache for one cycle.
+- **Pull a new `:stable`.**
+  ```bash
+  cd /opt/cyclone
+  docker compose pull
+  docker compose up -d
+  docker compose logs -f backend | head -200   # verify migrations + healthcheck
+  ```
+- **Off-box backup copy.** The operator is expected to rsync `/var/lib/docker/volumes/cyclone_backups/_data/` to an external drive or NAS nightly. The `.bin` files are already encrypted; the destination doesn't need its own encryption.
+- **Inspect the DB.** `docker compose exec backend sqlite3 /var/lib/cyclone/db/cyclone.db ".tables"` (works only if SQLCipher key is on disk; the in-process decrypt happens via the cyclone backend).
+
+## Annual
+
+- [ ] Rotate the admin password (force re-login for everyone).
+- [ ] Audit the `/etc/cyclone/secrets/` directory permissions — should be `chmod 600 root:root`.
+- [ ] Review the audit log for stale admin sessions.
+
+## Emergency
+
+- **Backend won't start.** `docker compose logs --tail=300 backend`. Look for migration failures (rerun is safe — migrations are forward-only), SQLCipher key mismatch (`PRAGMA key` failure), or port collisions.
+- **Frontend won't serve.** `docker compose logs --tail=100 frontend`. Usually nginx config drift; `docker compose restart frontend`.
+- **Both unhealthy after a host reboot.** Docker may have come up before the named volumes did. `docker compose down && docker compose up -d`.
+- **Suspected key compromise.** Rotate immediately (see Quarterly above). All active sessions are invalidated.
+
+## Where things live
+
+| Asset | Path |
+|---|---|
+| Docker compose file | `/opt/cyclone/docker-compose.yml` |
+| Secrets | `/etc/cyclone/secrets/{db.key,admin_username,admin_pw}` |
+| Live DB (SQLCipher-encrypted volume) | `cyclone_db` named volume, mounted at `/var/lib/cyclone/db` |
+| Encrypted backups | `cyclone_backups` named volume, mounted at `/var/lib/cyclone/backups` |
+| Uploaded prod files | `cyclone_prodfiles` named volume |
+| SFTP staging stub | `cyclone_sftp_staging` named volume |
+| Logs | `cyclone_logs` named volume + bind-mounted at `/var/log/cyclone` |
+| Off-box backup destination | Operator's external drive / NAS (rsync cron, not in compose) |

backend/.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+.venv/
+venv/
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*.egg-info/
+.pytest_cache/
+.ruff_cache/
+tests/
+docs/prodfiles/
+*.production.txt
+.git/
+.github/

backend/.gitignore

@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ __pycache__/
 venv/
 build/
 dist/
+var/

backend/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1.7
+#
+# Cyclone backend — FastAPI on python:3.11-slim-bookworm with sqlcipher.
+#
+# Two-stage build:
+#   1. builder  — wheels the package with [sqlcipher] extra into /wheels.
+#   2. runtime  — slim base, tini PID 1, curl-based healthcheck.
+#
+# `sqlcipher` is preferred but the engine falls back to plain SQLite at
+# runtime if the package isn't actually installed (see cyclone.db) — so a
+# missing libsqlcipher-dev during build will fail loudly here rather than
+# silently downgrading encryption in production.
+
+# ---------- builder ----------
+FROM python:3.11-slim-bookworm AS builder
+
+ENV PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=1 \
+    PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1 \
+    PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        build-essential \
+        libffi-dev \
+        libsqlcipher-dev \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+WORKDIR /build
+
+# Copy the build manifest first so this layer caches across source edits.
+COPY pyproject.toml ./
+
+# Copy the full source tree, then build the wheel once. We deliberately
+# avoid the "stub __init__.py, build wheel, then rebuild" pattern — it
+# left stale `__init__.py` content in the wheel because pip wheel reuses
+# the cached wheel metadata when the name+version matches. See git
+# history on this file for the long version.
+COPY src/ ./src/
+# Install the sftp extra alongside sqlcipher so the real-mode SFTP
+# client (paramiko) is available inside the container — required by
+# SP25 + SP26 for live Gainwell MFT polling.
+RUN pip wheel --no-cache-dir --wheel-dir /wheels '.[sqlcipher,sftp]'
+
+# ---------- runtime ----------
+FROM python:3.11-slim-bookworm
+
+ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
+    PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        libsqlcipher-dev \
+        curl \
+        tini \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
+    && useradd --create-home --uid 1000 --shell /bin/bash cyclone
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY --from=builder /wheels /wheels
+RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --no-index --find-links /wheels 'cyclone[sqlcipher,sftp]' \
+    && rm -rf /wheels
+
+# NOTE: we deliberately do NOT drop privileges to the `cyclone` user.
+# Named volumes mount as root inside the container, and chown-ing them
+# requires CAP_CHOWN (root). The standard hardened pattern is an
+# entrypoint script that chowns as root then drops to the app user via
+# gosu/su-exec — adds a dependency + an entrypoint file. For v1 we run
+# as root inside the container; Docker's user-namespace remapping is
+# the recommended host-level isolation. The `cyclone` user is created
+# above and survives only so file ownership in bind mounts stays
+# consistent. To harden later: install gosu + add an entrypoint script
+# that does `chown -R cyclone:cyclone /var/lib/cyclone/... && exec gosu
+# cyclone "$@"`.
+
+EXPOSE 8000
+
+# Container-level healthcheck — the compose service healthcheck is
+# effectively a duplicate but the Docker `HEALTHCHECK` directive keeps
+# `docker ps` honest without needing compose to be running.
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=5s --start-period=30s --retries=3 \
+    CMD curl -fs http://localhost:8000/api/health || exit 1
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["tini", "--"]
+CMD ["python", "-m", "cyclone", "serve"]

backend/pyproject.toml

@@ -16,6 +16,15 @@ dependencies = [
     "sqlalchemy>=2.0,<3",
     "pyyaml>=6.0,<7",
     "keyring>=25.0,<26",
+    # backup_service / backup: encryption-at-rest (SP17). Used at module
+    # top-level by cyclone.backup, so it has to be a hard dep — not an
+    # extra — or the test suite fails to collect when the venv is built
+    # from a clean `uv sync`.
+    "cryptography>=49.0,<50",
+    # passlib 1.7.4 + bcrypt >= 4.1 are incompatible (passlib probes bcrypt.__about__
+    # which 4.x removed). Pin bcrypt < 4.1.
+    "passlib[bcrypt]>=1.7.4",
+    "bcrypt<4.1",
 ]
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
@@ -24,6 +33,7 @@ dev = [
     "pytest-cov>=4.1",
     "pytest-asyncio>=0.23,<1",
     "httpx>=0.27,<1",
+    "pytest-randomly>=4.1",
 ]
 sqlcipher = [
     # SP12: encryption at rest. Optional — without it the DB is plain SQLite.

backend/src/cyclone/__main__.py

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 """Entry point for ``python -m cyclone``.
 
 * ``python -m cyclone`` (no args) — Click CLI (``cli.main``)
-* ``python -m cyclone serve``     — start the FastAPI app on 127.0.0.1:8000
+* ``python -m cyclone serve``     — start the FastAPI app on 0.0.0.0:8000
 
 Honors the env vars:
 
+* ``CYCLONE_HOST`` (default ``0.0.0.0`` — always bind to all interfaces)
 * ``CYCLONE_PORT`` (default ``8000``)
 * ``CYCLONE_RELOAD`` (default ``0``; set to ``1`` to enable uvicorn reload)
 """
@@ -16,13 +17,42 @@ import sys
 
 
 def main() -> None:
+    # Always run first-admin bootstrap before any other entry path.
+    # Must happen before ``serve`` (uvicorn) AND before the Click CLI
+    # dispatch — otherwise `python -m cyclone users create ...` on a
+    # fresh DB would race with the bootstrap's check, and the API
+    # could come up with zero users.
+    from cyclone.auth import bootstrap
+    bootstrap.run()
+
+    # SP24: if the AUTH_DISABLED escape hatch is on, scream at boot so a
+    # misconfigured production deploy fails loudly. The flag is flipped by
+    # ``CYCLONE_AUTH_DISABLED=1`` (see ``cyclone.auth.bootstrap``) and by the
+    # pytest conftest autouse fixture (see ``.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests``).
+    from cyclone.auth import deps as _auth_deps
+
+    if _auth_deps.AUTH_DISABLED:
+        import logging
+
+        logging.getLogger("cyclone").warning(
+            "AUTH_DISABLED is set (CYCLONE_AUTH_DISABLED=1) — all requests "
+            "treated as admin, dev only. Do NOT enable this in production."
+        )
+
     if len(sys.argv) >= 2 and sys.argv[1] == "serve":
         port = os.environ.get("CYCLONE_PORT", "8000")
+        # Always bind to 0.0.0.0 so the API is reachable from the
+        # frontend container on the compose bridge network AND from
+        # the host (Vite dev proxy) AND from the LAN. Network isolation
+        # is provided by the host firewall / compose port publishing,
+        # not by binding to loopback. Override with CYCLONE_HOST if you
+        # have a reason to restrict.
+        host = os.environ.get("CYCLONE_HOST", "0.0.0.0")
         reload = os.environ.get("CYCLONE_RELOAD", "0") == "1"
         sys.argv = [
             sys.argv[0],
             "cyclone.api:app",
-            "--host", "127.0.0.1",
+            "--host", host,
             "--port", port,
         ]
         if reload:

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1,57 @@
-"""Resource-group routers. Imported and registered by ``cyclone.api``."""
+"""Per-resource FastAPI routers.
+
+`api.py` does `for r in routers: app.include_router(r)`. New
+routers register themselves here in alphabetical order. Helpers
+shared by 2+ routers live in `_shared.py` (private to the package).
+
+Every router except ``health`` declares its own
+``APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])`` — keep that
+invariant here so adding a new router doesn't silently miss the gate.
+"""
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+from cyclone.api_routers import (
+    acks,
+    activity,
+    admin,
+    batches,
+    claim_acks,
+    claims,
+    clearhouse,
+    config,
+    dashboard,
+    eligibility,
+    health,
+    inbox,
+    parse,
+    payers,
+    providers,
+    reconciliation,
+    remittances,
+    submission,
+    ta1_acks,
+)
+
+routers: list[APIRouter] = [
+    acks.router,        # gated
+    activity.router,    # gated
+    admin.router,       # gated
+    batches.router,     # gated
+    claim_acks.router,  # gated
+    claims.router,      # gated
+    clearhouse.router,  # gated
+    config.router,      # gated
+    dashboard.router,   # gated
+    eligibility.router, # gated
+    health.router,      # public — health probes must work pre-auth
+    inbox.router,       # gated
+    parse.router,       # gated
+    payers.router,      # gated
+    providers.router,   # gated
+    reconciliation.router, # gated
+    remittances.router, # gated
+    submission.router,  # gated
+    ta1_acks.router,    # gated
+]
+
+__all__ = ["routers"]

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/_shared.py

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+"""Cross-router helpers for the api_routers package.
+
+Private to the package (leading underscore). Only routers in this
+package import from here. Helpers graduate here when at least two
+routers need them — single-router helpers stay in the router that
+uses them.
+
+Helpers currently promoted here:
+
+- :func:`_actor_user_id` — promoted early (during SP36 Task 11
+  / clearhouse extraction) because the clearhouse router needs
+  it and the 2 remaining call-sites in ``api.py`` (parse-999 ack
+  block, parse-277ca ack block) are both inside the parse
+  surface that Task 16 will extract. Promoting now is cheaper
+  than leaving a cross-module ``from cyclone.api import _actor_user_id``
+  that would create an import-cycle at registry load time.
+
+- :data:`PAYER_FACTORIES` / :data:`PAYER_FACTORIES_835` — SP36
+  Task 16: payer config dicts lifted from ``api.py`` alongside
+  the ``_resolve_payer`` / ``_resolve_payer_835`` helpers that
+  consume them. The two helpers each touch a single ``PAYER_FACTORIES*``
+  dict; keeping both halves of the pair in one module removes a
+  circular import (parse.py → _shared._resolve_payer → api.PAYER_FACTORIES).
+
+- :func:`_resolve_payer` / :func:`_resolve_payer_835` — used by
+  ``parse-837`` and ``parse-835`` endpoints respectively. Promoted
+  in SP36 Task 16 alongside the PAYER_FACTORIES dicts.
+
+- :func:`_transaction_set_id_from_segments` — used by
+  ``parse-837`` and ``parse-835`` envelope guards. Promoted in
+  SP36 Task 16.
+
+- :func:`_build_and_persist_ack` — used by ``parse-837`` (when
+  ``?ack=true``). Promoted in SP36 Task 16.
+
+- :func:`_reconciliation_summary_for_batch` — used by
+  ``parse-835``. Promoted in SP36 Task 16.
+
+- :func:`_ta1_synthetic_source_batch_id` — used by ``parse-ta1``.
+  Promoted in SP36 Task 16.
+
+- :func:`_serialize_ta1` — used by ``parse-ta1`` to build the
+  raw TA1 round-trip text. Promoted in SP36 Task 16 per the
+  plan's "8 helpers" specification; technically a single-router
+  helper per D4 but moved here for symmetry with the other parse
+  serializers.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import HTTPException, Request
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.parsers.batch_ack_builder import build_ack_for_batch
+from cyclone.parsers.payer import PayerConfig, PayerConfig835
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_999 import serialize_999
+from cyclone.store import store
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Actor user id (SP36 Task 11 — early-promoted)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def _actor_user_id(request: Request) -> int | None:
+    """Return the acting user's id from ``request.state.user``, or None.
+
+    ``get_current_user``/``matrix_gate`` populate ``request.state.user``
+    for both the authenticated path and the AUTH_DISABLED escape hatch.
+    Returns None when the state hasn't been set (e.g. background jobs
+    or unit tests that bypass auth). Used to stamp ``user_id`` onto
+    audit events without crashing the request.
+    """
+    user = getattr(request.state, "user", None)
+    if user is None:
+        return None
+    return getattr(user, "id", None)
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Payer config dicts (SP36 Task 16)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+#
+# Mirror cli._PAYER_FACTORIES. Kept here (not in the parse router) so
+# the ``_resolve_payer`` / ``_resolve_payer_835`` helpers can import
+# their backing dicts without a circular import.
+
+
+PAYER_FACTORIES: dict[str, Any] = {
+    "co_medicaid": PayerConfig.co_medicaid,
+    "generic_837p": PayerConfig.generic_837p,
+}
+
+PAYER_FACTORIES_835: dict[str, Any] = {
+    "co_medicaid_835": PayerConfig835.co_medicaid_835,
+    "generic_835": PayerConfig835.generic_835,
+}
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Payer resolution (SP36 Task 16)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def _resolve_payer(name: str) -> PayerConfig:
+    if name not in PAYER_FACTORIES:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail={
+                "error": "Unknown payer",
+                "detail": f"Unknown payer {name!r}. Choose from: {', '.join(PAYER_FACTORIES)}",
+            },
+        )
+    return PAYER_FACTORIES[name]()
+
+
+def _resolve_payer_835(name: str) -> PayerConfig835:
+    if name not in PAYER_FACTORIES_835:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail={
+                "error": "Unknown payer",
+                "detail": f"Unknown payer {name!r}. Choose from: {', '.join(PAYER_FACTORIES_835)}",
+            },
+        )
+    return PAYER_FACTORIES_835[name]()
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Envelope detection (SP36 Task 16)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def _transaction_set_id_from_segments(segments: list[list[str]]) -> str | None:
+    """Return the ST01 transaction-set id (``"837"``, ``"835"``, ``"999"``...).
+
+    SP35 helper: scans the first few tokenized segments for the ST
+    segment and returns its second element (ST01). Returns None when no
+    ST is present — e.g. a TA1 file, which uses the bare TA1 segment
+    and no ST envelope. The endpoint-level envelope guards treat
+    ``None`` as "no ST found; let the parser decide" so TA1 files
+    routed through the wrong endpoint still surface a parse error
+    rather than a misleading "expected 837p, got ''" message.
+    """
+    for seg in segments[:5]:  # ST is always the second segment after ISA
+        if seg and seg[0] == "ST" and len(seg) > 1:
+            return seg[1]
+    return None
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# 999 ACK builder (SP36 Task 16)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def _build_and_persist_ack(batch_id: str) -> dict | None:
+    """Build a 999 ACK for ``batch_id`` and persist the row.
+
+    Returns the ack payload dict (matches the ``/api/parse-999``
+    response shape so the JSON and NDJSON clients can share the
+    schema) or None if the build failed. The build is fail-soft:
+    errors are logged but never abort the 837 ingest, because the
+    user-visible 837 result is still correct.
+    """
+    try:
+        ack_result = build_ack_for_batch(batch_id)
+    except Exception:
+        log.exception("build_ack_for_batch failed for %s", batch_id)
+        return None
+    fg = ack_result.functional_group_acks[0] if ack_result.functional_group_acks else None
+    if fg is None:
+        return None
+    raw_text = serialize_999(ack_result, interchange_control_number=ack_result.envelope.control_number)
+    row = store.add_ack(
+        source_batch_id=batch_id,
+        accepted_count=fg.accepted_count,
+        rejected_count=fg.rejected_count,
+        received_count=fg.received_count,
+        ack_code=fg.ack_code,
+        raw_json=json.loads(ack_result.model_dump_json()),
+    )
+    return {
+        "id": row.id,
+        "accepted_count": fg.accepted_count,
+        "rejected_count": fg.rejected_count,
+        "received_count": fg.received_count,
+        "ack_code": fg.ack_code,
+        "source_batch_id": batch_id,
+        "raw_999_text": raw_text,
+    }
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Reconciliation summary (SP36 Task 16)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def _reconciliation_summary_for_batch(batch_id: str) -> dict:
+    """Return ``{matched, unmatched_claims, unmatched_remittances, skipped}`` for a batch.
+
+    Reads from the DB after ``store.add()`` has already run reconciliation
+    synchronously (SP27 Task 10: ``reconcile.run(s, batch_id)`` inside the
+    ingest session, before commit). Counts are observed at this moment;
+    a subsequent manual match/unmatch will not be reflected until the
+    next request.
+
+    ``skipped`` is reserved for future use — the orchestrator tracks
+    skipped claims internally but does not surface a queryable count.
+    """
+    from sqlalchemy import func, select
+    from cyclone.db import Match, Remittance
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        matched = s.execute(
+            select(func.count(Match.id)).where(
+                Match.remittance_id.in_(
+                    select(Remittance.id).where(Remittance.batch_id == batch_id)
+                )
+            )
+        ).scalar_one()
+
+    # Pull unmatched via the store (small result set; cheap).
+    unmatched = store.list_unmatched(kind="both")
+    return {
+        "matched": matched,
+        "unmatched_claims": len(unmatched["claims"]),
+        "unmatched_remittances": len(unmatched["remittances"]),
+        "skipped": 0,  # reserved — T10 does not persist a skipped count
+    }
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# TA1 synthetic source batch id (SP36 Task 16)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def _ta1_synthetic_source_batch_id(interchange_control_number: str) -> str:
+    """Return a synthetic ``batches.id`` for a received TA1 with no source batch.
+
+    Mirrors :func:`_ack_synthetic_source_batch_id` (in
+    ``cyclone.handlers._ack_id``). The ta1_acks.source_batch_id
+    FK requires a row in batches; for received TA1s we synthesize an
+    id of the form ``TA1-<ISA13>``. The row is NOT created in batches
+    (same FK-is-no-op convention as the 999 path).
+    """
+    return f"TA1-{(interchange_control_number or '').strip() or '000000001'}"
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# TA1 serializer (SP36 Task 16)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def _serialize_ta1(result) -> str:
+    """Render a TA1 file from a ParseResultTa1 for the ``raw_ta1_text`` field.
+
+    Mirrors what the parser consumed: ISA envelope → TA1 → IEA. We
+    rebuild minimal ISA fields from the envelope plus the TA1 segment
+    verbatim. The serializer is intentionally tiny — TA1 has no GS/ST,
+    so there's no functional-group structure to round-trip.
+    """
+    ta1 = result.ta1
+    parts = [
+        f"TA1*{ta1.control_number}*{ta1.interchange_date.strftime('%y%m%d') if ta1.interchange_date else ''}*"
+        f"{ta1.interchange_time or ''}*{ta1.ack_code}*{ta1.note_code or ''}*"
+        f"{ta1.ack_generated_date.strftime('%y%m%d') if ta1.ack_generated_date else ''}",
+    ]
+    return "~".join(parts) + "~"

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/acks.py

@@ -1,64 +1,86 @@
-"""``/api/acks`` — list & detail endpoints for the 999 ACK inbox.
+"""``/api/acks`` and ``/api/277ca-acks`` — list, detail, and live-tail.
 
-These are the persisted acknowledgment rows produced by
+999 ACKs are the persisted acknowledgment rows produced by
 ``POST /api/parse-999``. The frontend ``useAcks`` hook re-shapes the
 list payload to its ``Ack`` interface in ``src/types/index.ts``.
 
-The detail endpoint returns the full ``raw_json`` payload plus the
+277CA ACKs are the persisted Claim Acknowledgment rows produced by
-regenerated ``raw_999_text`` so the UI can show "view source" without a
+``POST /api/parse-277ca``. The frontend ``useAcks`` hook treats them
-second round-trip.
+as a second source alongside 999 — the row shape is normalised in
+``cyclone.store.ui.to_ui_two77ca_ack``.
+
+The 999 detail endpoint returns the full ``raw_json`` payload plus
+the regenerated ``raw_999_text`` so the UI can show "view source"
+without a second round-trip.
+
+SP25: ``/api/acks/stream`` joins the live-tail triplet — the Acks
+page mounts ``useTailStream("acks")`` and ``useMergedTail("acks", …)``
+to see new 999 acks the moment they land (whether from the SFTP
+poller or a manual upload).
 """
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, AsyncIterator
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Query, Request
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request
 from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
 
-from cyclone.api_helpers import ndjson_stream_list, wants_ndjson
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.api_helpers import (
+    ndjson_line,
+    ndjson_stream_list,
+    tail_events,
+    wants_ndjson,
+)
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
 from cyclone.parsers.models_999 import ParseResult999
 from cyclone.parsers.serialize_999 import serialize_999
-from cyclone.store import store
+from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+from cyclone.store import store, to_ui_ack, to_ui_two77ca_ack
 
-router = APIRouter()
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-def _ack_to_ui(row) -> dict:
+# SP25: ``_ack_to_ui`` moved to ``cyclone.store.ui.to_ui_ack`` so the
-    """Map an ``Ack`` ORM row to the UI shape used by ``/api/acks``.
+# live-tail event payload (``ack_received``) matches the list endpoint
-
+# shape byte-for-byte.
-    Field names match the rest of the Cyclone API (snake_case). The
-    frontend ``useAcks`` hook re-shapes this to the camelCase ``Ack``
-    interface in ``src/types/index.ts``.
-    """
-    return {
-        "id": row.id,
-        "source_batch_id": row.source_batch_id,
-        "accepted_count": row.accepted_count,
-        "rejected_count": row.rejected_count,
-        "received_count": row.received_count,
-        "ack_code": row.ack_code,
-        "parsed_at": (
-            row.parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
-            if row.parsed_at is not None
-            else ""
-        ),
-    }
 
 
 @router.get("/api/acks")
 def list_acks_endpoint(
     request: Request,
-    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=5000),
+    offset: int = Query(0, ge=0),
 ) -> Any:
-    """Return the list of persisted 999 ACKs, newest first."""
+    """Return the list of persisted 999 ACKs, newest first.
+
+    ``limit`` caps the page size; ``offset`` lets the UI walk the
+    full set without holding it all in memory. ``aggregates`` is
+    summed over the *full* row set (not the page) so the KPI strip
+    on the Acks page reflects every persisted 999, not just the
+    visible 50. Without server-side aggregates the page would
+    silently under-report (silent-failure mode) once the row count
+    exceeds the page size.
+    """
     rows = store.list_acks()
-    items = [_ack_to_ui(r) for r in rows[:limit]]
+    items = [to_ui_ack(r) for r in rows[offset : offset + limit]]
     total = len(rows)
     returned = len(items)
-    has_more = total > returned
+    has_more = offset + returned < total
+    aggregates = {
+        "accepted_count": sum(r.accepted_count or 0 for r in rows),
+        "rejected_count": sum(r.rejected_count or 0 for r in rows),
+        "received_count": sum(r.received_count or 0 for r in rows),
+    }
+    # SP28: batch-fetch linked_claim_ids per ack row in one query to
+    # avoid N+1 — see ``find_linked_claim_ids_for_acks`` below.
+    ack_ids = [r.id for r in rows]
+    linked_map = _find_linked_claim_ids_for_acks(ack_ids, kind="999")
+    for item, aid in zip(items, ack_ids[offset : offset + limit]):
+        item["linked_claim_ids"] = linked_map.get(aid, [])
     if wants_ndjson(request):
         return StreamingResponse(
             ndjson_stream_list(items, total, returned, has_more),
@@ -69,9 +91,68 @@ def list_acks_endpoint(
         "total": total,
         "returned": returned,
         "has_more": has_more,
+        "aggregates": aggregates,
     }
 
 
+def _find_linked_claim_ids_for_acks(
+    ack_ids: list[int], *, kind: str
+) -> dict[int, list[str]]:
+    """Batch-fetch {ack_id: [claim_id, …]} for the listed ack rows.
+
+    One SELECT against ``claim_acks`` keyed on the page's ack_ids —
+    avoids an N+1 round-trip when the page renders the
+    "🔗 N claims" badge per row. Used by the 999 / TA1 / 277CA
+    list endpoints. Returns a ``{ack_id: [claim_id]}`` map; acks
+    with no links map to ``[]`` (default).
+    """
+    out: dict[int, list[str]] = {aid: [] for aid in ack_ids}
+    if not ack_ids:
+        return out
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        rows = (
+            s.query(db.ClaimAck.ack_id, db.ClaimAck.claim_id)
+            .filter(
+                db.ClaimAck.ack_kind == kind,
+                db.ClaimAck.ack_id.in_(ack_ids),
+                db.ClaimAck.claim_id.isnot(None),
+            )
+            .all()
+        )
+        for ack_id, claim_id in rows:
+            out[ack_id].append(claim_id)
+    return out
+
+
+@router.get("/api/acks/stream")
+async def acks_stream(
+    request: Request,
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    """Stream 999 ACKs as NDJSON: snapshot first, then live events.
+
+    SP25: this endpoint joins the live-tail triplet — subscribes to
+    ``ack_received`` and emits one ``item`` per snapshot row plus a
+    single ``snapshot_end`` line, then forwards live events from
+    the bus. Matches the wire format used by ``/api/claims/stream``,
+    ``/api/remittances/stream``, and ``/api/activity/stream``.
+
+    NOTE: registered BEFORE ``/api/acks/{ack_id}`` so the literal
+    ``stream`` path segment doesn't get matched as an ack id.
+    """
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        rows = store.list_acks()[:limit]
+        for row in rows:
+            yield ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": to_ui_ack(row)})
+        yield ndjson_line({"type": "snapshot_end", "data": {"count": len(rows)}})
+        async for chunk in tail_events(request, bus, ["ack_received"]):
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")
+
+
 @router.get("/api/acks/{ack_id}")
 def get_ack_endpoint(ack_id: int) -> dict:
     """Return one persisted ACK row with its parsed detail.
@@ -86,7 +167,7 @@ def get_ack_endpoint(ack_id: int) -> dict:
             status_code=404,
             detail={"error": "Not found", "detail": f"Ack {ack_id} not found"},
         )
-    body = _ack_to_ui(row)
+    body = to_ui_ack(row)
     body["raw_json"] = row.raw_json
     # Regenerate the X12 text from raw_json so the operator can download
     # the actual 999 file. (SP3 P3 follow-up: list endpoint doesn't carry
@@ -102,3 +183,41 @@ def get_ack_endpoint(ack_id: int) -> dict:
     else:
         body["raw_999_text"] = None
     return body
+
+
+# -- 277CA ACKs -------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP36 Task 2: these two endpoints moved here from api.py (lines 1278-1318).
+# 277CA ACKs share the same shape-of-life contract as 999 ACKs: persisted by
+# a parse endpoint, listed newest-first, detail returns raw_json so the UI
+# can show "view source" without a round-trip.
+
+
+@router.get("/api/277ca-acks")
+def list_277ca_acks_endpoint(
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=5000),
+) -> Any:
+    """Return the list of persisted 277CA ACKs, newest first.
+
+    SP28: each item gains ``linked_claim_ids`` (batch-fetched via
+    the shared ``_find_linked_claim_ids_for_acks`` helper — one
+    SELECT keyed on ``ack_kind``, no N+1) so the Acks page row
+    can render the "🔗 N claims" badge inline.
+    """
+    rows = store.list_277ca_acks()
+    items = [to_ui_two77ca_ack(r) for r in rows[:limit]]
+    ack_ids = [r.id for r in rows]
+    linked_map = _find_linked_claim_ids_for_acks(ack_ids, kind="277ca")
+    for item, aid in zip(items, ack_ids[:limit]):
+        item["linked_claim_ids"] = linked_map.get(aid, [])
+    return {"total": len(rows), "items": items}
+
+
+@router.get("/api/277ca-acks/{ack_id}")
+def get_277ca_ack_endpoint(ack_id: int) -> dict:
+    """Return one persisted 277CA ACK row with its parsed detail."""
+    row = store.get_277ca_ack(ack_id)
+    if row is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"277CA ACK {ack_id} not found")
+    body = to_ui_two77ca_ack(row)
+    body["raw_json"] = row.raw_json
+    return body

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/activity.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""``/api/activity`` and ``/api/activity/stream`` — operator-facing event log.
+
+Two endpoints, both gated by ``matrix_gate``:
+
+- ``GET /api/activity``          — paginated event list with ``kind`` /
+  ``since`` filters, plus an NDJSON variant when the caller sends
+  ``Accept: application/x-ndjson``.
+- ``GET /api/activity/stream``   — NDJSON live-tail: snapshot of the
+  most recent N events, then ``activity_recorded`` events as they
+  hit the store. Default ``limit`` is 50 (smaller than the list
+  endpoint's 200) because activity is high-volume — callers usually
+  want the most recent handful, not a full replay.
+
+The snapshot halves of ``/api/activity`` and ``/api/activity/stream``
+share the same in-memory filter logic (``kind`` + ``since``) so the
+two endpoints are interchangeable for the snapshot half.
+
+SP36 Task 10: this block moved here from ``api.py:2606`` (the
+``/api/activity*`` pair).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, AsyncIterator
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Query, Request
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+
+from cyclone.api_helpers import (
+    ndjson_line as _ndjson_line,
+    ndjson_stream_list as _ndjson_stream_list,
+    tail_events as _tail_events,
+    wants_ndjson as _wants_ndjson,
+)
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+from cyclone.store import store
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/activity")
+def list_activity(
+    request: Request,
+    kind: str | None = Query(None),
+    since: str | None = Query(None),
+    limit: int = Query(200, ge=1, le=5000),
+) -> Any:
+    events = store.recent_activity(limit=limit)
+    if kind is not None:
+        events = [e for e in events if e["kind"] == kind]
+    if since is not None:
+        events = [e for e in events if e["timestamp"] >= since]
+    total = len(events)
+    has_more = False
+    if _wants_ndjson(request):
+        return StreamingResponse(
+            _ndjson_stream_list(events, total, total, has_more),
+            media_type="application/x-ndjson",
+        )
+    return {
+        "items": events,
+        "total": total,
+        "returned": total,
+        "has_more": has_more,
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/activity/stream")
+async def activity_stream(
+    request: Request,
+    kind: str | None = Query(None),
+    since: str | None = Query(None),
+    limit: int = Query(50, ge=1, le=5000),
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    """Stream Activity events as NDJSON: snapshot first, then live events.
+
+    Subscribes to ``activity_recorded``. Default ``limit`` is 50
+    (smaller than the list endpoint's 200) because activity is
+    high-volume — callers usually want the most recent handful, not a
+    full replay.
+    """
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        # Snapshot reuses the same in-memory filter as ``list_activity``
+        # so the two endpoints are interchangeable for the snapshot
+        # half.
+        events = store.recent_activity(limit=limit)
+        if kind is not None:
+            events = [e for e in events if e["kind"] == kind]
+        if since is not None:
+            events = [e for e in events if e["timestamp"] >= since]
+        for ev in events:
+            yield _ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": ev})
+        yield _ndjson_line({
+            "type": "snapshot_end", "data": {"count": len(events)},
+        })
+
+        async for chunk in _tail_events(request, bus, ["activity_recorded"]):
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/admin.py

@@ -1,23 +1,44 @@
-"""``/api/admin/validate-provider`` — NPI + Tax ID liveness probe (SP20).
+"""``/api/admin/*`` — operator-only endpoints.
 
-Pure read-only endpoint that runs the local NPI Luhn + EIN format checks
+The /api/admin namespace covers:
-without touching the DB. Useful for:
-- operators vetting a new provider before adding them to the registry,
-- the dashboard's "validate" button on a Provider row,
-- smoke-testing the SP20 checks after a deploy.
 
-Both query params are optional; omitting one just skips that check.
+* **audit-log** (SP11): list + chain-verify the tamper-evident log
-Returns the per-check result dict so the caller can distinguish "bad
+* **db/rotate-key**: SQLCipher key rotation (SP12)
-format" from "bad checksum".
+* **backup**: create / list / status / verify / restore / prune / scheduler (SP15)
+* **scheduler**: backup & main scheduler control + processed-files log
+* **reload-config**: hot-reload ``config/payers.yaml`` after edits
+* **validate-provider**: NPI + Tax ID liveness probe (SP20)
+
+All routes on this router are gated by ``matrix_gate`` — declared
+once on the ``APIRouter`` constructor. ``/api/admin/validate-provider``
+lives here too because it's an admin-shaped read-only probe.
+
+SP36 Task 3: the 20 admin endpoints formerly in ``cyclone.api``
+(audit-log ×2, db/rotate-key ×1, backup ×10, scheduler ×6,
+reload-config ×1) moved here from ``api.py:3321-4052`` and
+``api.py:4269-4276``. The non-admin ``/api/config/*`` and
+``/api/payers/{id}/summary`` routes that bracketed those blocks
+stay in ``api.py`` for now — they're extracted in Tasks 5 & 6.
 """
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Query
+import json
+import logging
+import threading
+import time
+from typing import Any
 
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.audit_log import verify_chain
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.clearhouse import InboundFile
 from cyclone.npi import is_valid_npi, is_valid_tax_id, normalize_tax_id
 
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
 
-router = APIRouter()
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 @router.get("/api/admin/validate-provider")
@@ -57,4 +78,751 @@ def validate_provider(
             "normalized": normalized,
         }
 
-    return result
+    return result
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# SP36 Task 3: the 20 admin endpoints below were moved here from api.py.       #
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# SP11: tamper-evident audit log (admin)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@router.get("/api/admin/audit-log")
+def list_audit_log_endpoint(
+    entity_type: str | None = Query(default=None),
+    entity_id: str | None = Query(default=None),
+    event_type: str | None = Query(default=None),
+    limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=1000),
+) -> Any:
+    """List audit-log rows, newest first, with optional filters.
+
+    Filters match the (entity_type, entity_id) pair (typical use:
+    "show me everything that happened to claim C-123") or a single
+    event_type (typical use: "show me all clearhouse.submitted
+    events today").
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        q = s.query(db.AuditLog)
+        if entity_type:
+            q = q.filter(db.AuditLog.entity_type == entity_type)
+        if entity_id:
+            q = q.filter(db.AuditLog.entity_id == entity_id)
+        if event_type:
+            q = q.filter(db.AuditLog.event_type == event_type)
+        rows = q.order_by(db.AuditLog.id.desc()).limit(limit).all()
+        return {
+            "total": len(rows),
+            "items": [
+                {
+                    "id": r.id,
+                    "event_type": r.event_type,
+                    "entity_type": r.entity_type,
+                    "entity_id": r.entity_id,
+                    "actor": r.actor,
+                    "payload": json.loads(r.payload_json) if r.payload_json else None,
+                    "created_at": r.created_at.isoformat() if r.created_at else None,
+                    "prev_hash": r.prev_hash,
+                    "hash": r.hash,
+                }
+                for r in rows
+            ],
+        }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/admin/audit-log/verify")
+def verify_audit_log_endpoint() -> Any:
+    """Walk the audit-log chain and verify every row's hash.
+
+    Returns ``{"ok": true, "checked": N}`` for a clean chain, or
+    ``{"ok": false, "checked": K, "first_bad_id": X, "reason": "..."}``
+    for a broken chain. This is the operator's "did anyone tamper?"
+    endpoint; run it on demand or via a nightly cron job.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        result = verify_chain(s)
+    return {
+        "ok": result.ok,
+        "checked": result.checked,
+        "first_bad_id": result.first_bad_id,
+        "reason": result.reason,
+    }
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP15: SQLCipher key rotation
+#
+# Re-encrypts the DB in place with a fresh key, then updates the
+# Keychain so subsequent connections open with the new key. This is
+# a 1-time operation per rotation; for routine read/write the rest
+# of the API is unchanged.
+#
+# Concurrency: the rotation holds a module-level lock so two
+# concurrent requests can't race and end up with mismatched Keychain
+# + DB. The lock is a simple threading.Lock; a process restart
+# resets it (intentional — the operator's next start-up opens with
+# whatever key is in the Keychain).
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from cyclone import db_crypto as _db_crypto
+from cyclone import secrets as _secrets
+
+_db_rotate_lock = threading.Lock()
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/db/rotate-key")
+def rotate_db_key_endpoint(body: dict | None = None) -> Any:
+    """Generate a fresh DB key, re-encrypt the DB, update the Keychain.
+
+    Request body (optional):
+        actor: who initiated the rotation. Defaults to "operator".
+        reason: human-readable reason. Written to the audit log.
+
+    Returns:
+        ``{ok, old_fingerprint, new_fingerprint, rotated_at, table_count}``
+        on success. On failure (DB not encrypted, rekey failed,
+        Keychain update failed) returns the same shape with
+        ``ok=false`` and a ``reason``. HTTP 503 is returned if the
+        rekey fails or encryption is not enabled.
+
+    The Keychain write happens *after* the rekey succeeds. If the
+    Keychain write fails, the DB has the new key but the Keychain
+    still has the old one — the endpoint returns 503 with a
+    "keychain update failed" reason and the operator must restore
+    the old key manually (``cyclone db restore-key <old_key>``) to
+    avoid being locked out.
+    """
+    body = body or {}
+    actor = body.get("actor") or "operator"
+    reason = body.get("reason") or ""
+
+    if not _db_crypto.is_encryption_enabled():
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail="encryption not enabled (sqlcipher3 missing or no Keychain key)",
+        )
+
+    # Acquire the lock; non-blocking so a stuck rotation doesn't
+    # silently hold up other requests.
+    if not _db_rotate_lock.acquire(blocking=False):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=409,
+            detail="another key rotation is in progress",
+        )
+    try:
+        url = db._resolve_url()
+        old_key = _db_crypto.get_db_key()
+        if not old_key:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=400,
+                detail="no DB key in Keychain; cannot rotate",
+            )
+
+        new_key = _db_crypto.generate_db_key()
+        result = _db_crypto.rotate_db_key(
+            url=url, old_key=old_key, new_key=new_key,
+        )
+        if not result.ok:
+            # Rekey failed. The DB still has the old key. The
+            # Keychain is unchanged. Caller should NOT retry with
+            # the same new key (it's lost); generate a fresh one.
+            log.error("SQLCipher rotate failed: %s", result.reason)
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=503,
+                detail={
+                    "ok": False,
+                    "old_fingerprint": result.old_fingerprint,
+                    "new_fingerprint": result.new_fingerprint,
+                    "rotated_at": result.rotated_at,
+                    "reason": result.reason,
+                },
+            )
+
+        # Rekey succeeded. Now update the Keychain. If this fails
+        # the DB is locked behind the new key — operator must
+        # restore the old key manually.
+        if not _secrets.set_secret(_db_crypto.KEYCHAIN_ACCOUNT, new_key):
+            log.error("Keychain update failed after successful rekey!")
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=503,
+                detail={
+                    "ok": False,
+                    "old_fingerprint": result.old_fingerprint,
+                    "new_fingerprint": result.new_fingerprint,
+                    "rotated_at": result.rotated_at,
+                    "reason": (
+                        "rekey succeeded but Keychain update failed — "
+                        "the DB is now encrypted with the new key but "
+                        "the Keychain still has the old one. "
+                        "Restore the old key to the Keychain to recover."
+                    ),
+                },
+            )
+
+        # Store the old key in the "previous" account for a grace
+        # period so the operator can roll back if they discover the
+        # new key is broken (e.g. the Keychain entry got truncated).
+        _secrets.set_secret(_db_crypto.KEYCHAIN_ACCOUNT_PREVIOUS, old_key)
+
+        # Rebuild the engine so subsequent connections use the new
+        # key. dispose_engine() closes every pooled connection that
+        # was using the old key; init_db() opens new ones with the
+        # new key from the (now-updated) Keychain.
+        db.reinit_engine()
+
+        # Audit log the rotation. We do this after the engine is
+        # rebuilt so the audit event is written with the new key —
+        # proving that the new key works for new writes.
+        try:
+            from cyclone.audit_log import append_event, AuditEvent
+            with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+                append_event(s, AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="db.key_rotated",
+                    entity_type="database",
+                    entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                    actor=actor,
+                    payload={
+                        "old_fingerprint": result.old_fingerprint,
+                        "new_fingerprint": result.new_fingerprint,
+                        "table_count": result.table_count,
+                        "reason": reason,
+                    },
+                ))
+                s.commit()
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            # Audit append is best-effort; rotation already succeeded.
+            log.warning("could not write audit event for rotation: %s", exc)
+
+        return {
+            "ok": True,
+            "old_fingerprint": result.old_fingerprint,
+            "new_fingerprint": result.new_fingerprint,
+            "rotated_at": result.rotated_at,
+            "table_count": result.table_count,
+        }
+    finally:
+        _db_rotate_lock.release()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP17: encrypted DB backups (admin)
+#
+# The actual encryption + lifecycle lives in :mod:`cyclone.backup` and
+# :mod:`cyclone.backup_service`. The scheduler (separate from the
+# MFT scheduler) lives in :mod:`cyclone.backup_scheduler`. These
+# endpoints expose the operator's manual controls plus a tick for
+# "take a backup right now."
+#
+# Restore is intentionally two-step: an idle browser tab can't nuke
+# the live DB. The first call returns a ``restore_token`` (a one-shot
+# 64-char hex) and a preview of the backup's fingerprint + table
+# count plus the live DB's. The second call with the token performs
+# the actual swap.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from cyclone import backup_service as _backup_svc_mod
+from cyclone import backup_scheduler as _backup_sched_mod
+
+
+def _backup_or_503():
+    try:
+        return _backup_svc_mod.get_backup_service()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/backup/create")
+def backup_create() -> Any:
+    """Take an encrypted backup right now. Returns the new backup metadata."""
+    from cyclone import audit_log as _audit
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    try:
+        result = svc.create_now()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        # Surface a 503 with the reason so the operator sees what
+        # went wrong without grepping server logs.
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=503,
+            detail=f"backup failed: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}",
+        )
+    # Audit the create. Best-effort; failure here doesn't roll back
+    # the backup (already on disk).
+    try:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            _audit.append_event(s, _audit.AuditEvent(
+                event_type="db.backup_created",
+                entity_type="database",
+                entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                actor="operator",
+                payload={
+                    "backup_id": result.backup.id,
+                    "db_fingerprint": result.backup.db_fingerprint,
+                    "table_count": result.backup.table_count,
+                    "triggered_by": "api",
+                },
+            ))
+            s.commit()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("could not write backup_created audit event: %s", exc)
+
+    return {
+        "ok": True,
+        "backup": {
+            "id": result.backup.id,
+            "filename": result.backup.filename,
+            "size_bytes": result.backup.size_bytes,
+            "db_fingerprint": result.backup.db_fingerprint,
+            "table_count": result.backup.table_count,
+            "created_at": result.backup.created_at.isoformat(),
+            "key_fingerprint": result.backup.key_fingerprint,
+        },
+        "sidecar": {
+            "format_version": result.sidecar.format_version,
+            "kdf": result.sidecar.kdf,
+            "kdf_iterations": result.sidecar.kdf_iterations,
+            "cipher": result.sidecar.cipher,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/admin/backup/list")
+def backup_list(
+    limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=1000),
+    status: str | None = Query(default=None),
+) -> Any:
+    """List ``db_backups`` rows, newest first. Filters by status."""
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    rows = svc.list_backups(limit=limit, status=status)
+    return {
+        "count": len(rows),
+        "files": [
+            {
+                "id": r.id,
+                "filename": r.filename,
+                "backup_dir": r.backup_dir,
+                "size_bytes": r.size_bytes,
+                "db_fingerprint": r.db_fingerprint,
+                "table_count": r.table_count,
+                "created_at": r.created_at.isoformat() if r.created_at else None,
+                "completed_at": r.completed_at.isoformat() if r.completed_at else None,
+                "status": r.status,
+                "error_message": r.error_message,
+                "key_fingerprint": r.key_fingerprint,
+            }
+            for r in rows
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/admin/backup/status")
+def backup_status() -> Any:
+    """Snapshot of the backup subsystem (counts, disk usage, last run)."""
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    snap = svc.status()
+    # Also include the BackupScheduler's snapshot if configured.
+    try:
+        sched = _backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+        snap["scheduler"] = sched.status().as_dict()
+    except RuntimeError:
+        snap["scheduler"] = None
+    return snap
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/backup/{backup_id}/verify")
+def backup_verify(backup_id: int) -> Any:
+    """Decrypt + checksum-verify a backup against its sidecar."""
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    try:
+        v = svc.verify(backup_id)
+    except _backup_svc_mod.BackupError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(exc))
+    return {
+        "backup_id": v.backup_id,
+        "filename": v.filename,
+        "ok": v.ok,
+        "expected_fingerprint": v.expected_fingerprint,
+        "actual_fingerprint": v.actual_fingerprint,
+        "table_count": v.table_count,
+        "reason": v.reason,
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/backup/{backup_id}/restore/initiate")
+def backup_restore_initiate(backup_id: int) -> Any:
+    """First step of the two-step restore. Returns a ``restore_token``."""
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    try:
+        init = svc.restore_initiate(backup_id)
+    except _backup_svc_mod.BackupError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc))
+    return {
+        "backup_id": init.backup_id,
+        "filename": init.filename,
+        "size_bytes": init.size_bytes,
+        "restore_token": init.restore_token,
+        "expires_at": init.expires_at.isoformat(),
+        "preview": {
+            "backup_db_fingerprint": init.db_fingerprint,
+            "backup_table_count": init.table_count,
+            "current_db_fingerprint": init.current_db_fingerprint,
+            "current_table_count": init.current_table_count,
+        },
+        "warning": (
+            "Confirming will dispose the live engine and replace the DB "
+            "file with the backup. In-flight requests will error. "
+            "Re-issue the call with the restore_token within 5 minutes."
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/backup/{backup_id}/restore/confirm")
+def backup_restore_confirm(
+    backup_id: int,
+    body: dict | None = None,
+) -> Any:
+    """Second step of the two-step restore. Performs the swap."""
+    body = body or {}
+    token = body.get("restore_token")
+    if not token or not isinstance(token, str):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail="missing or invalid restore_token in request body",
+        )
+    actor = body.get("actor") or "operator"
+
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    try:
+        result = svc.restore_confirm(backup_id, token, actor=actor)
+    except _backup_svc_mod.BackupError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc))
+
+    # Audit the restore. Best-effort.
+    try:
+        from cyclone import audit_log as _audit
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            _audit.append_event(s, _audit.AuditEvent(
+                event_type="db.backup_restored",
+                entity_type="database",
+                entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                actor=actor,
+                payload={
+                    "backup_id": result.backup_id,
+                    "filename": result.filename,
+                    "restored_from_fingerprint": result.restored_from_fingerprint,
+                    "new_db_fingerprint": result.new_db_fingerprint,
+                    "restored_at": result.restored_at.isoformat(),
+                },
+            ))
+            s.commit()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("could not write backup_restored audit event: %s", exc)
+
+    return {
+        "ok": True,
+        "backup_id": result.backup_id,
+        "filename": result.filename,
+        "restored_from_fingerprint": result.restored_from_fingerprint,
+        "restored_at": result.restored_at.isoformat(),
+        "new_db_fingerprint": result.new_db_fingerprint,
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/backup/prune")
+def backup_prune() -> Any:
+    """Apply the retention policy now. Returns the deleted paths."""
+    from cyclone import audit_log as _audit
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    deleted = svc.prune()
+    actor = "operator"
+    if deleted:
+        try:
+            with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+                _audit.append_event(s, _audit.AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="db.backup_pruned",
+                    entity_type="database",
+                    entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                    actor=actor,
+                    payload={"deleted_paths": deleted},
+                ))
+                s.commit()
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.warning("could not write backup_pruned audit event: %s", exc)
+    return {"ok": True, "deleted_count": len(deleted), "deleted_paths": deleted}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP17: backup scheduler (admin)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/backup/scheduler/start")
+async def backup_scheduler_start() -> Any:
+    """Begin the backup scheduler loop."""
+    try:
+        sched = _backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+    await sched.start()
+    return {"status": sched.status().as_dict()}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/backup/scheduler/stop")
+async def backup_scheduler_stop() -> Any:
+    """Stop the backup scheduler loop."""
+    try:
+        sched = _backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+    await sched.stop()
+    return {"status": sched.status().as_dict()}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/backup/scheduler/tick")
+async def backup_scheduler_tick() -> Any:
+    """Run one backup tick now (create + prune + audit)."""
+    try:
+        sched = _backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+    result = await sched.tick()
+    return {"ok": result.ok, "tick": result.as_dict()}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP16: live MFT polling scheduler (admin)
+#
+# The scheduler lives in :mod:`cyclone.scheduler` and is configured by
+# the lifespan handler. The endpoints below expose start / stop /
+# one-shot tick / status / history so an operator (or a cron job)
+# can drive the scheduler without touching the DB.
+#
+# Note: the scheduler is OFF by default. Auto-start is opt-in via
+# ``CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_AUTOSTART=true`` at launch. These endpoints
+# are the operator's manual controls.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from cyclone import scheduler as _scheduler_mod
+
+
+def _scheduler_or_503():
+    """Return the configured scheduler or raise 503."""
+    try:
+        return _scheduler_mod.get_scheduler()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/scheduler/start")
+async def scheduler_start() -> Any:
+    """Begin polling the MFT inbound path every poll_interval_seconds."""
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    await sched.start()
+    return {"status": sched.status().as_dict()}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/scheduler/stop")
+async def scheduler_stop() -> Any:
+    """Stop polling. Waits up to 30s for the current tick to finish."""
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    await sched.stop()
+    return {"status": sched.status().as_dict()}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/scheduler/tick")
+async def scheduler_tick() -> Any:
+    """Run a single poll cycle synchronously and return the result.
+
+    Useful for: forcing a poll without waiting for the next interval;
+    verifying SFTP connectivity; running a one-shot import from the
+    CLI (``curl -X POST .../api/admin/scheduler/tick``).
+    """
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    result = await sched.tick()
+    return {"ok": True, "tick": result.as_dict()}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/scheduler/pull-inbound")
+async def scheduler_pull_inbound(
+    date: str = Query(
+        ..., pattern=r"^\d{8}$",
+        description="Date filter as YYYYMMDD; only filenames whose 8-digit "
+                    "timestamp (the 9th positional group in the inbound "
+                    "filename) matches are downloaded and processed.",
+    ),
+    file_types: str | None = Query(
+        default=None,
+        description="Optional comma-separated whitelist of file_types "
+                    "(999, TA1, 277, 277CA, 835). Defaults to 999+TA1.",
+    ),
+    limit: int = Query(default=2000, ge=1, le=10000),
+) -> Any:
+    """Targeted pull: list, filter to a date, download, and process.
+
+    Bypasses the alphabetical full-listing pass. Workflow:
+      1. ``SftpClient.list_inbound_names()`` — sub-second metadata-only
+         listing of the inbound MFT dir (skips ``*_warn.txt``).
+      2. Client-side filter: keep files whose 8-digit timestamp
+         substring equals ``date`` and whose ``file_type`` is in the
+         allowlist.
+      3. ``SftpClient.download_inbound(f)`` for each — fetches bytes
+         into the local cache.
+      4. ``Scheduler.process_inbound_files(files)`` — runs the same
+         per-file pipeline as a regular tick (already-processed files
+         are deduped via ``processed_inbound_files``).
+
+    Use this for the daily "process today's 999s" workflow without
+    paying the cost of downloading the full inbound set.
+
+    Returns ``{"ok": True, "summary": {...}}`` with
+    ``listed / matched / downloaded / processed / skipped / errored``
+    counters and the date / file_type filters applied.
+    """
+
+    from cyclone.clearhouse import SftpClient
+    from cyclone.edi.filenames import (
+        ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES,
+        parse_inbound_filename,
+    )
+    from cyclone.providers import SftpBlock
+
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    block: SftpBlock = sched._sftp_block  # noqa: SLF001 — internal but stable
+    client = SftpClient(block)
+
+    if file_types:
+        wanted = {t.strip().upper() for t in file_types.split(",") if t.strip()}
+        unknown = wanted - ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES
+        if unknown:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=400,
+                detail=f"file_types {sorted(unknown)!r} not in "
+                       f"{sorted(ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES)}",
+            )
+    else:
+        wanted = {"999", "TA1"}  # daily default — what the operator needs
+
+    started = time.monotonic()
+    try:
+        # Single SFTP listdir — fast, no download.
+        all_files = await asyncio.to_thread(client.list_inbound_names)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        log.exception("SFTP list_inbound_names failed")
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=502,
+            detail=f"SFTP list failed: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}",
+        ) from exc
+
+    listed = len(all_files)
+    matched: list[InboundFile] = []
+    for f in all_files:
+        if f.name.find(date) == -1:
+            continue
+        try:
+            parsed = parse_inbound_filename(f.name)
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+        if parsed.file_type not in wanted:
+            continue
+        matched.append(f)
+        if len(matched) >= limit:
+            break
+
+    # Download in parallel-ish via to_thread (SftpClient serializes per
+    # connection; the overhead is dominated by the SFTP round trip).
+    downloaded = 0
+    download_errors: list[str] = []
+    for f in matched:
+        try:
+            await asyncio.to_thread(client.download_inbound, f)
+            downloaded += 1
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.warning("Failed to download %s: %s", f.name, exc)
+            download_errors.append(f"{f.name}: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}")
+
+    # Hand off to the scheduler pipeline (idempotent; dedupes via
+    # processed_inbound_files).
+    tick = await sched.process_inbound_files(matched)
+    duration = round(time.monotonic() - started, 3)
+    return {
+        "ok": True,
+        "summary": {
+            "date": date,
+            "file_types": sorted(wanted),
+            "limit": limit,
+            "listed": listed,
+            "matched": len(matched),
+            "downloaded": downloaded,
+            "download_errors": download_errors,
+            "processed": tick.files_processed,
+            "skipped": tick.files_skipped,
+            "errored": tick.files_errored,
+            "duration_s": duration,
+        },
+        "tick": tick.as_dict(),
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/admin/scheduler/status")
+def scheduler_status() -> Any:
+    """Return the scheduler's runtime snapshot (running, counters, last tick)."""
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    return sched.status().as_dict()
+
+
+@router.get("/api/admin/scheduler/processed-files")
+def scheduler_processed_files(
+    limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=1000),
+    status: str | None = Query(default=None),
+) -> Any:
+    """List rows from ``processed_inbound_files``, newest first.
+
+    The operator's "what did the scheduler do?" view. Filters by
+    ``status`` (``ok`` / ``error`` / ``skipped`` / ``pending``).
+    Returns ``{"count": N, "files": [...]}`` where ``files[i]``
+    matches the ORM row as a JSON dict.
+    """
+    from cyclone.db import ProcessedInboundFile
+    from cyclone.scheduler import STATUS_OK, STATUS_ERROR, STATUS_SKIPPED, STATUS_PENDING
+
+    valid_statuses = {STATUS_OK, STATUS_ERROR, STATUS_SKIPPED, STATUS_PENDING}
+    if status is not None and status not in valid_statuses:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail=f"status must be one of {sorted(valid_statuses)}",
+        )
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        q = s.query(db.ProcessedInboundFile)
+        if status is not None:
+            q = q.filter(db.ProcessedInboundFile.status == status)
+        rows = q.order_by(db.ProcessedInboundFile.id.desc()).limit(limit).all()
+        return {
+            "count": len(rows),
+            "files": [
+                {
+                    "id": r.id,
+                    "sftp_block_name": r.sftp_block_name,
+                    "name": r.name,
+                    "size": r.size,
+                    "modified_at": r.modified_at.isoformat() if r.modified_at else None,
+                    "file_type": r.file_type,
+                    "processed_at": r.processed_at.isoformat() if r.processed_at else None,
+                    "parser_used": r.parser_used,
+                    "claim_count": r.claim_count,
+                    "status": r.status,
+                    "error_message": r.error_message,
+                }
+                for r in rows
+            ],
+        }
+
+
+@router.post("/api/admin/reload-config")
+def reload_config():
+    """Re-read ``config/payers.yaml`` and revalidate. Returns counts."""
+    from cyclone import payers as payer_loader
+    try:
+        configs = payer_loader.load_payer_configs()
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))
+    return {"ok": True, "loaded": len(configs), "errors": []}

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/batches.py

@@ -0,0 +1,515 @@
+"""``/api/batches*`` — read views + ZIP export over the parsed-batch population.
+
+Three endpoints, all gated by ``matrix_gate``:
+
+- ``POST /api/batches/{batch_id}/export-837`` — download a ZIP of
+  regenerated X12 837 files for the requested claim ids. Per-claim
+  payer config + clearhouse identity drive the submitter/receiver
+  blocks; per-claim millisecond offset on the filename keeps every
+  file in the bundle unique (HCPF requires this). Read-only — does
+  NOT mutate Claim state (compare with
+  ``/api/inbox/rejected/resubmit?download=true`` which DOES flip
+  ``REJECTED → SUBMITTED``).
+- ``GET  /api/batches``                       — summary list,
+  newest-first, capped at ``limit``. Each row includes ``claimIds``
+  (837P only, so the Upload page can render a one-click Re-export
+  button per row without a round-trip to ``/api/batches/{id}``).
+  SP30: also returns billing-outcome fields
+  (``acceptedCount`` / ``rejectedCount`` / ``pendingCount`` /
+  ``billedTotal`` / ``topRejectionReason`` / ``hasProblem``) so the
+  Dashboard "Recent batches" widget can render one row per batch
+  without an N+1 fetch.
+- ``GET  /api/batches/{batch_id}``            — full batch record
+  (parsed envelope + claims). 404 when unknown.
+
+Three single-router helpers stay in this file (per spec D4):
+
+- :func:`_batch_summary_claim_count`       — claim count (837P or 835).
+- :func:`_batch_summary_claim_ids`         — per-claim ids (837P only).
+- :func:`_batch_summary_billing_outcomes`  — per-batch GROUP BY state
+  aggregate plus the most-recent rejection reason.
+
+Inline imports inside handlers (preserved verbatim per spec D5):
+``zipfile``, ``datetime``, ``ZoneInfo``, ``build_outbound_filename``,
+``PayerConfigORM``, ``func`` (sqlalchemy).
+
+SP36 Task 14: this block moved here from ``api.py:1280`` (the 3
+``/api/batches*`` routes + 3 single-router helpers + the SP30
+state-bucket tuples and the ``# 277CA STC category`` note).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import json
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request, Response
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.api_helpers import (
+    ndjson_stream_list as _ndjson_stream_list,
+    wants_ndjson as _wants_ndjson,
+)
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.db import Batch, Claim, ClaimState
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ClaimOutput
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_837 import SerializeError as SerializeError837
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_837 import serialize_837_for_resubmit
+from cyclone.store import BatchRecord, store
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.post("/api/batches/{batch_id}/export-837")
+def export_batch_837(request: Request, batch_id: str, body: dict):
+    """Download a ZIP of regenerated X12 837 files for the requested claim_ids.
+
+    Body shape: ``{"claim_ids": [str, ...]}``.
+
+    Each successfully serialized claim becomes an entry in the ZIP named
+    per the HCPF X12 File Naming Standards:
+    ``tp{tpid}-837P-{yyyymmddhhmmssSSS}-1of1.x12`` (with a per-claim
+    millisecond offset so every file in the bundle has a unique name).
+    The ``serialize_837_for_resubmit`` serializer is used so every file
+    gets a unique interchange / group control number — back-to-back
+    exports of the same set must produce different envelopes (required
+    by X12).
+
+    The submitter block (Loop 1000A — NM1*41 + PER) is populated from
+    the clearhouse singleton (dzinesco's identity in the seeded config)
+    and the receiver block (NM1*40) is populated from the per-payer
+    config. Without this wiring, the serializer falls back to
+    ``CYCLONE`` / ``RECEIVER`` placeholders and HCPF rejects the file.
+
+    No DB state is mutated by this endpoint — it is read-only. Compare
+    with ``/api/inbox/rejected/resubmit?download=true`` which ALSO flips
+    ``ClaimState.REJECTED → SUBMITTED``; the two endpoints are
+    intentionally separate.
+
+    Responses:
+      200 — ``application/zip`` with the .x12 entries. Per-claim failures
+            are surfaced via the ``X-Cyclone-Serialize-Errors`` header
+            (JSON-encoded array of ``{claim_id, reason}``).
+      400 — ``claim_ids`` missing or empty.
+      404 — ``batch_id`` unknown.
+      422 — every claim failed to serialize; body is JSON listing all
+            failures (``{"detail": {"serialize_errors": [...]}}``).
+    """
+    import zipfile
+    from datetime import datetime
+    from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
+
+    from cyclone.edi.filenames import build_outbound_filename
+
+    ids = body.get("claim_ids") or []
+    if not ids:
+        raise HTTPException(400, "claim_ids required")
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        batch = s.get(Batch, batch_id)
+        if batch is None:
+            raise HTTPException(404, f"unknown batch: {batch_id}")
+
+        serialize_errors: list[dict] = []
+        ordered_rows: list[tuple[str, "Claim"]] = []
+        for cid in ids:
+            c = s.get(Claim, cid)
+            if c is None:
+                serialize_errors.append({"claim_id": cid, "reason": "unknown claim_id"})
+                continue
+            ordered_rows.append((cid, c))
+
+    # Pull clearhouse identity (submitter). If unseeded, the serializer
+    # falls back to placeholder defaults — degraded but not a hard error.
+    ch = store.get_clearhouse()
+    submitter_kwargs: dict = {}
+    if ch is not None:
+        submitter_kwargs = {
+            "sender_id": ch.tpid,
+            "submitter_name": ch.submitter_name,
+            "submitter_contact_name": ch.submitter_contact_name,
+            "submitter_contact_email": ch.submitter_contact_email,
+        }
+        # Submitter phone is not in the clearhouse config today, but if
+        # it ever is, wire it here. Email is the canonical contact
+        # channel for HCPF submissions per the SP9 spec.
+        if getattr(ch, "submitter_contact_phone", None):
+            submitter_kwargs["submitter_contact_phone"] = ch.submitter_contact_phone
+
+    # Resolve per-claim payer config so each file's receiver (NM1*40)
+    # and SBR09 are correct. Cache so we don't re-query the same payer.
+    from cyclone.db import PayerConfigORM as _PayerConfigORM
+    _payer_cache: dict[str, dict | None] = {}
+
+    def _resolve_payer_cfg(claim_obj: ClaimOutput) -> dict | None:
+        pid = (claim_obj.payer.id or "").strip() if claim_obj.payer else ""
+        pname = (claim_obj.payer.name or "").strip() if claim_obj.payer else ""
+        cache_key = pid or pname
+        if cache_key in _payer_cache:
+            return _payer_cache[cache_key]
+        cfg: dict | None = None
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as ss:
+            # 1. Exact match on (payer_id, "837P")
+            if pid:
+                row = ss.get(_PayerConfigORM, (pid, "837P"))
+                if row is not None:
+                    cfg = dict(row.config_json)
+            # 2. Fallback: any row whose payer_id matches the parsed payer.name
+            #    (HCPF files emit "SKCO0" in NM109 but the canonical
+            #    payer_id in the DB is "CO_TXIX" — name-matching is the
+            #    pragmatic lookup for that case).
+            if cfg is None and pname:
+                row = (
+                    ss.query(_PayerConfigORM)
+                    .filter(_PayerConfigORM.transaction_type == "837P")
+                    .all()
+                )
+                for r in row:
+                    cj = dict(r.config_json)
+                    if cj.get("submitter_name") and pname.lower() in str(cj).lower():
+                        cfg = cj
+                        break
+                    if (r.payer_id or "").upper() == pname.upper():
+                        cfg = cj
+                        break
+            # 3. Last resort: first 837P row in the table.
+            if cfg is None:
+                row = (
+                    ss.query(_PayerConfigORM)
+                    .filter(_PayerConfigORM.transaction_type == "837P")
+                    .first()
+                )
+                if row is not None:
+                    cfg = dict(row.config_json)
+        _payer_cache[cache_key] = cfg
+        return cfg
+
+    # Build per-claim kwargs (receiver + SBR09) lazily. Receiver
+    # defaults to the parsed payer name/ID if no config row matches.
+    def _serialize_kwargs(claim_obj: ClaimOutput) -> dict:
+        payer_cfg = _resolve_payer_cfg(claim_obj) or {}
+        receiver_id = (
+            payer_cfg.get("receiver_id")
+            or (claim_obj.payer.id if claim_obj.payer else None)
+            or "RECEIVER"
+        )
+        receiver_name = (
+            payer_cfg.get("receiver_name")
+            or (claim_obj.payer.name if claim_obj.payer else None)
+            or receiver_id
+        )
+        sbr09 = payer_cfg.get("sbr09_default") or "MC"
+        return {
+            "receiver_id": receiver_id,
+            "receiver_name": receiver_name,
+            "claim_filing_indicator_code": sbr09,
+        }
+
+    # Base MT timestamp for HCPF filenames. We add a per-claim
+    # millisecond offset so each file in the ZIP has a unique 17-digit
+    # ts (HCPF requires that; the spec also enforces "1of1" for the
+    # sequence element).
+    base_ts = datetime.now(ZoneInfo("America/Denver"))
+
+    def _per_claim_filename(idx: int, cid: str) -> str:
+        if ch is None:
+            # No clearhouse — fall back to a per-claim friendly name.
+            return f"claim-{cid}.x12"
+        # Millisecond offset, with second/minute rollover.
+        offset_ms = (idx - 1) * 1  # 1 ms per claim is enough within an export
+        ts_mt = base_ts.fromtimestamp(
+            base_ts.timestamp() + offset_ms / 1000.0, tz=ZoneInfo("America/Denver")
+        )
+        return build_outbound_filename(ch.tpid, "837P", now_mt=ts_mt)
+
+    buf = io.BytesIO()
+    with zipfile.ZipFile(buf, mode="w", compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
+        for idx, (cid, c) in enumerate(ordered_rows, start=1):
+            if not c.raw_json:
+                serialize_errors.append({"claim_id": cid, "reason": "no raw_json"})
+                continue
+            try:
+                claim_obj = ClaimOutput.model_validate(c.raw_json)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                serialize_errors.append(
+                    {"claim_id": cid, "reason": f"raw_json invalid: {exc}"}
+                )
+                continue
+            try:
+                kwargs = {**submitter_kwargs, **_serialize_kwargs(claim_obj)}
+                text = serialize_837_for_resubmit(
+                    claim_obj, interchange_index=idx, **kwargs
+                )
+            except SerializeError837 as exc:
+                serialize_errors.append({"claim_id": cid, "reason": str(exc)})
+                continue
+            zf.writestr(_per_claim_filename(idx, cid), text)
+
+    success_count = len(ids) - len(serialize_errors)
+    if serialize_errors and success_count == 0:
+        # Every claim failed — surface the failure list in the body so the
+        # UI can render a useful error toast (the response is not a ZIP).
+        raise HTTPException(
+            422,
+            detail={"serialize_errors": serialize_errors},
+        )
+
+    buf.seek(0)
+    headers = {
+        "Content-Disposition": (
+            f'attachment; filename="batch-{batch_id}-{success_count}-claims.zip"'
+        ),
+    }
+    if serialize_errors:
+        headers["X-Cyclone-Serialize-Errors"] = json.dumps(serialize_errors)
+    return Response(
+        content=buf.getvalue(),
+        media_type="application/zip",
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+
+
+def _batch_summary_claim_count(rec: BatchRecord) -> int:
+    """Return the number of claims on a batch, handling both 837P and 835."""
+    if rec.kind == "837p":
+        return len(rec.result.claims)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    if rec.kind == "835":
+        return len(rec.result.claims)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    return 0
+
+
+def _batch_summary_claim_ids(rec: BatchRecord) -> list[str]:
+    """Return per-claim ids for an 837P batch, or ``[]`` otherwise.
+
+    The Upload page's History tab renders a one-click Re-export ZIP
+    button per row; that button calls
+    ``POST /api/batches/{id}/export-837`` with the row's claim ids.
+    Carrying them in the list response avoids an extra round-trip
+    to ``/api/batches/{id}`` for every row. 835 has no re-export
+    endpoint, so the list is empty for those — the UI uses the
+    empty list as the signal to hide the button.
+    """
+    if rec.kind != "837p":
+        return []
+    return [
+        c.claim_id
+        for c in rec.result.claims  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        if getattr(c, "claim_id", None)
+    ]
+
+
+# SP30: state buckets the Dashboard widget (and any future "how the
+# last batch billed" surface) reads at a glance. Keep these in sync
+# with ClaimState — adding a new state here is a deliberate decision
+# the operator needs to see, not a coincidence.
+_BATCH_SUMMARY_ACCEPTED_STATES: tuple[ClaimState, ...] = (
+    ClaimState.PAID,
+    ClaimState.RECEIVED,
+    ClaimState.RECONCILED,
+    ClaimState.PARTIAL,
+)
+_BATCH_SUMMARY_REJECTED_STATES: tuple[ClaimState, ...] = (
+    ClaimState.REJECTED,
+    ClaimState.DENIED,
+    ClaimState.REVERSED,
+)
+_BATCH_SUMMARY_PENDING_STATES: tuple[ClaimState, ...] = (
+    ClaimState.SUBMITTED,
+)
+# 277CA STC category A4/A6/A7 — payer-side rejections that may not
+# yet have flipped Claim.state (the operator hasn't acknowledged).
+# The Dashboard widget treats these as problems too, mirroring the
+# Inbox `rejected + payer_rejected` aggregation.
+_BATCH_SUMMARY_PAYER_REJECT_CODES: tuple[str, ...] = ("A4", "A6", "A7")
+
+
+def _batch_summary_billing_outcomes(
+    records: list[BatchRecord],
+) -> dict[str, dict]:
+    """Compute per-batch billing outcome for the Dashboard widget.
+
+    Returns ``{batch_id: {accepted, rejected, pending, billed,
+    top_rejection_reason, has_problem}}`` for every batch in
+    ``records``. Empty input → empty dict.
+
+    Two SQL queries, both bounded by the supplied batch ids:
+
+    1. One GROUP BY ``(batch_id, state)`` aggregate that produces
+       the accepted/rejected/pending counts and the sum of
+       ``charge_amount`` (the billed total). Single pass — no N+1.
+    2. One ordered scan over the rejected + payer-rejected subset
+       to pick the most recent rejection reason (truncated to 60
+       chars). Skipped when the first query found no rejections
+       and no payer-rejects, so the happy path stays at one query.
+
+    835 batches have no Claim rows — the GROUP BY returns no
+    rows for them, so the dict entry for an 835 batch is
+    ``{accepted:0, rejected:0, pending:0, billed:0.0,
+    top_rejection_reason:None, has_problem:False}`` (filled by
+    the caller's ``.get(id, defaults)`` pattern).
+    """
+    if not records:
+        return {}
+    from sqlalchemy import func  # local import to keep top-of-file light
+
+    batch_ids = [r.id for r in records]
+    outcome: dict[str, dict] = {
+        bid: {
+            "accepted": 0,
+            "rejected": 0,
+            "pending": 0,
+            "billed": 0.0,
+            "top_rejection_reason": None,
+            "has_problem": False,
+        }
+        for bid in batch_ids
+    }
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        # ---- 1. GROUP BY (batch_id, state) for counts + billed total ----
+        rows = (
+            s.query(
+                Claim.batch_id,
+                Claim.state,
+                func.count(Claim.id),
+                func.coalesce(func.sum(Claim.charge_amount), 0),
+            )
+            .filter(Claim.batch_id.in_(batch_ids))
+            .group_by(Claim.batch_id, Claim.state)
+            .all()
+        )
+        any_rejection_or_payer = False
+        for batch_id, state, count, billed in rows:
+            slot = outcome.get(batch_id)
+            if slot is None:
+                continue  # batch has no row in our pre-allocated dict
+            count = int(count or 0)
+            billed_f = float(billed or 0)
+            slot["billed"] += billed_f
+            if state in _BATCH_SUMMARY_ACCEPTED_STATES:
+                slot["accepted"] += count
+            elif state in _BATCH_SUMMARY_REJECTED_STATES:
+                slot["rejected"] += count
+                any_rejection_or_payer = True
+            elif state in _BATCH_SUMMARY_PENDING_STATES:
+                slot["pending"] += count
+            # everything else (DRAFT, etc.) is excluded from the widget.
+
+        # ---- 2. Most-recent rejection reason + payer-reject probe ----
+        # Only run when we know there IS at least one rejection OR a
+        # payer-reject claim somewhere in the batch set; otherwise
+        # the first query alone is enough.
+        if any_rejection_or_payer:
+            rej_rows = (
+                s.query(
+                    Claim.batch_id,
+                    Claim.rejection_reason,
+                    Claim.payer_rejected_status_code,
+                )
+                .filter(
+                    Claim.batch_id.in_(batch_ids),
+                    Claim.state.in_(_BATCH_SUMMARY_REJECTED_STATES)
+                    | Claim.payer_rejected_status_code.in_(
+                        _BATCH_SUMMARY_PAYER_REJECT_CODES
+                    ),
+                )
+                .order_by(Claim.rejected_at.desc().nullslast())
+                .all()
+            )
+            seen_reason: set[str] = set()
+            for batch_id, reason, payer_code in rej_rows:
+                slot = outcome.get(batch_id)
+                if slot is None:
+                    continue
+                if payer_code in _BATCH_SUMMARY_PAYER_REJECT_CODES:
+                    slot["has_problem"] = True
+                # Capture the first non-null reason for this batch
+                # (rej_rows is ordered newest-first, so the first
+                # non-null wins). Truncate to 60 chars + ellipsis.
+                if (
+                    slot["top_rejection_reason"] is None
+                    and reason
+                    and batch_id not in seen_reason
+                ):
+                    r = reason.strip()
+                    if len(r) > 60:
+                        r = r[:60] + "…"
+                    slot["top_rejection_reason"] = r
+                    seen_reason.add(batch_id)
+                if (
+                    slot["rejected"] > 0
+                    or payer_code in _BATCH_SUMMARY_PAYER_REJECT_CODES
+                ):
+                    slot["has_problem"] = True
+
+    return outcome
+
+
+@router.get("/api/batches")
+def list_batches(
+    request: Request,
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+) -> Any:
+    """Summary of all parsed batches, newest first.
+
+    Each item includes ``claimIds`` (837P only) so the History tab
+    on the Upload page can render a one-click re-export button per
+    row without an extra round-trip to ``/api/batches/{id}``. The
+    list is still capped at ``limit`` claims; see the full result
+    via the by-id endpoint when more is needed.
+
+    SP30: also returns billing-outcome fields
+    (``acceptedCount`` / ``rejectedCount`` / ``pendingCount`` /
+    ``billedTotal`` / ``topRejectionReason`` / ``hasProblem``) so
+    the Dashboard "Recent batches" widget can render one row per
+    batch without an N+1 fetch. See
+    :func:`_batch_summary_billing_outcomes`.
+    """
+    records = store.list(limit=limit)
+    outcomes = _batch_summary_billing_outcomes(records)
+    items = [
+        {
+            "id": r.id,
+            "kind": r.kind,
+            "inputFilename": r.input_filename,
+            "parsedAt": r.parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z"),
+            "claimCount": _batch_summary_claim_count(r),
+            "claimIds": _batch_summary_claim_ids(r),
+            "acceptedCount": outcomes.get(r.id, {}).get("accepted", 0),
+            "rejectedCount": outcomes.get(r.id, {}).get("rejected", 0),
+            "pendingCount": outcomes.get(r.id, {}).get("pending", 0),
+            "billedTotal": round(outcomes.get(r.id, {}).get("billed", 0.0), 2),
+            "topRejectionReason": outcomes.get(r.id, {}).get(
+                "top_rejection_reason"
+            ),
+            "hasProblem": outcomes.get(r.id, {}).get("has_problem", False),
+        }
+        for r in records
+    ]
+    all_records = store.all()
+    total = len(all_records)
+    returned = len(items)
+    has_more = total > returned
+    if _wants_ndjson(request):
+        return StreamingResponse(
+            _ndjson_stream_list(items, total, returned, has_more),
+            media_type="application/x-ndjson",
+        )
+    return {
+        "items": items,
+        "total": total,
+        "returned": returned,
+        "has_more": has_more,
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/batches/{batch_id}")
+def get_batch(batch_id: str) -> Any:
+    rec = store.get(batch_id)
+    if rec is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail={"error": "Not found", "detail": f"Batch {batch_id} not found"},
+        )
+    return json.loads(rec.result.model_dump_json())

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/claim_acks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+"""``/api/claim-acks`` (and per-claim/per-ack surfaces) — SP28.
+
+Seven endpoints that surface the ``claim_acks`` join table to the
+frontend + manual-match fallback for orphans. Mounted by
+``cyclone.api`` alongside the existing ``/api/acks`` and
+``/api/ta1-acks`` routers.
+
+The live-tail endpoints (``/api/claims/{id}/acks/stream`` and
+``/api/acks/{kind}/{id}/claims/stream``) subscribe to the
+``claim_ack_written`` bus event so the ClaimDrawer Acknowledgments
+panel and the per-ack claims list refresh in real time.
+
+Manual match is any-logged-in user (D5) — this endpoint mutates
+metadata only (``claim_acks`` row + live-tail event), no
+``Claim.state`` mutation, no payment data. Idempotent: re-calling
+with the same ``claim_id`` returns 200 with the existing row.
+Rejects (409) when the claim is in a terminal state (``REVERSED``).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from typing import Any, AsyncIterator, Literal
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, StreamingResponse
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.api_helpers import ndjson_line, tail_events
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+from cyclone.store import store, to_ui_claim_ack
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+AckKind = Literal["999", "277ca", "ta1"]
+
+
+class MatchClaimBody(BaseModel):
+    """Body for ``POST /api/acks/{kind}/{ack_id}/match-claim``."""
+
+    claim_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1)
+    set_control_number: str | None = None
+    set_accept_reject_code: str | None = None
+    ak2_index: int | None = None
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Per-claim surface
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@router.get("/api/claims/{claim_id}/acks/stream")
+async def claim_acks_stream(
+    request: Request,
+    claim_id: str,
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    """Stream ClaimAck rows for one claim as NDJSON.
+
+    Subscribes to ``claim_ack_written`` and filters for rows where
+    ``claim_id`` matches the path param. Each matching event is
+    emitted as ``{"type": "item", "data": to_ui_claim_ack(...)}``;
+    the client-side ``useMergedTail`` hook dedupes by id.
+
+    Registered BEFORE ``/api/claims/{claim_id}/acks`` so the literal
+    ``stream`` path segment doesn't get matched as a suffix.
+    """
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        rows = [
+            r for r in store.list_acks_for_claim(claim_id)
+            if r.claim_id is not None  # filter out TA1 batch-level rows
+        ]
+        for row in rows:
+            yield ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": to_ui_claim_ack(row)})
+        yield ndjson_line({
+            "type": "snapshot_end",
+            "data": {"count": len(rows)},
+        })
+
+        async for chunk in tail_events(request, bus, ["claim_ack_written"]):
+            # tail_events yields full NDJSON lines; the client filter
+            # picks claim_id matches. We forward every event so the
+            # wire format mirrors /api/claims/stream.
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")
+
+
+@router.get("/api/claims/{claim_id}/acks")
+def list_acks_for_claim_endpoint(claim_id: str) -> Any:
+    """Return every ClaimAck row for one claim (per-claim only).
+
+    TA1 batch-level rows (where ``claim_id IS NULL``) are filtered
+    out — those don't belong to a specific claim, they're a
+    envelope-level acknowledgement that hangs off the originating
+    837 batch. The ClaimDrawer Acknowledgments panel is
+    per-claim only.
+    """
+    rows = store.list_acks_for_claim(claim_id)
+    items = [to_ui_claim_ack(r) for r in rows if r.claim_id is not None]
+    return {"total": len(items), "items": items}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Per-ack surface
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@router.get("/api/acks/{kind}/{ack_id}/claims/stream")
+async def ack_claims_stream(
+    request: Request,
+    kind: AckKind,
+    ack_id: int,
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    """Stream ClaimAck rows for one ack as NDJSON.
+
+    Subscribes to ``claim_ack_written`` and forwards events the
+    store knows about. Clients filter by ack_id + ack_kind on the
+    client side.
+    """
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        rows = store.list_claims_for_ack(kind, ack_id)
+        for row in rows:
+            yield ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": to_ui_claim_ack(row)})
+        yield ndjson_line({
+            "type": "snapshot_end",
+            "data": {"count": len(rows)},
+        })
+        async for chunk in tail_events(request, bus, ["claim_ack_written"]):
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")
+
+
+@router.get("/api/acks/{kind}/{ack_id}/claims")
+def list_claims_for_ack_endpoint(kind: AckKind, ack_id: int) -> Any:
+    """Return every ClaimAck row for one ack (any kind).
+
+    For 999 / 277CA: returns 0..N rows (one per AK2 / ClaimStatus).
+    For TA1: returns 0..1 row (envelope-level, populated batch_id).
+    """
+    rows = store.list_claims_for_ack(kind, ack_id)
+    items = [to_ui_claim_ack(r) for r in rows]
+    return {"total": len(items), "items": items}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Manual match / unmatch (D5, D9)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@router.post("/api/acks/{kind}/{ack_id}/match-claim")
+def manual_match_claim_endpoint(
+    request: Request,
+    kind: AckKind,
+    ack_id: int,
+    body: MatchClaimBody,
+) -> Any:
+    """Manual link fallback (D5/D9). Any-logged-in-user posture.
+
+    Inserts a ``claim_acks`` row with ``linked_by="manual"`` and
+    publishes ``claim_ack_written`` so the drawers refresh. The
+    endpoint is idempotent: if a row already exists for this dedup
+    key, the existing row is returned (200). 409 when the claim is
+    in a terminal state (``REVERSED``). 404 when the claim doesn't
+    exist or the ack doesn't exist.
+    """
+    # Verify the claim exists and is in a non-terminal state.
+    from cyclone.db import ClaimState as _CS
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim = s.get(db.Claim, body.claim_id)
+        if claim is None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=404,
+                detail={
+                    "error": "Not found",
+                    "detail": f"Claim {body.claim_id} not found",
+                },
+            )
+        if claim.state == _CS.REVERSED:
+            return JSONResponse(
+                status_code=409,
+                content={
+                    "error": "Conflict",
+                    "detail": (
+                        f"Claim {body.claim_id} is in terminal state "
+                        f"{claim.state.value} and cannot be linked."
+                    ),
+                },
+            )
+        # Verify the ack exists (any kind).
+        ack_table = {
+            "999": db.Ack,
+            "277ca": db.Two77caAck,
+            "ta1": db.Ta1Ack,
+        }[kind]
+        if s.get(ack_table, ack_id) is None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=404,
+                detail={
+                    "error": "Not found",
+                    "detail": f"{kind} ACK {ack_id} not found",
+                },
+            )
+        # Idempotency: if a manual or auto link already exists, return it.
+        existing = (
+            s.query(db.ClaimAck)
+            .filter(
+                db.ClaimAck.ack_kind == kind,
+                db.ClaimAck.ack_id == ack_id,
+                db.ClaimAck.claim_id == body.claim_id,
+            )
+            .first()
+        )
+        if existing is not None:
+            return {
+                "link": to_ui_claim_ack(existing),
+                "created": False,
+            }
+
+    # Insert via the store so the publish-from-store contract fires.
+    row = store.add_claim_ack(
+        claim_id=body.claim_id,
+        batch_id=None,
+        ack_id=ack_id,
+        ack_kind=kind,
+        ak2_index=body.ak2_index,
+        set_control_number=body.set_control_number,
+        set_accept_reject_code=body.set_accept_reject_code,
+        linked_by="manual",
+        event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus,
+    )
+    return {"link": to_ui_claim_ack(row), "created": True}
+
+
+@router.delete("/api/acks/{kind}/{ack_id}/match-claim/{claim_id}")
+def manual_unmatch_claim_endpoint(
+    request: Request,
+    kind: AckKind,
+    ack_id: int,
+    claim_id: str,
+) -> Any:
+    """Unlink (preserves ``Claim.state`` mutation; only removes the row).
+
+    404 when no link row exists for the dedup key. Publishes
+    ``claim_ack_dropped`` so live-tail subscribers remove the link.
+    """
+    from cyclone import db as _db
+    with _db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        link = (
+            s.query(_db.ClaimAck)
+            .filter(
+                _db.ClaimAck.ack_kind == kind,
+                _db.ClaimAck.ack_id == ack_id,
+                _db.ClaimAck.claim_id == claim_id,
+            )
+            .first()
+        )
+        if link is None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=404,
+                detail={
+                    "error": "Not found",
+                    "detail": (
+                        f"No link for {kind} ack {ack_id} → "
+                        f"claim {claim_id}"
+                    ),
+                },
+            )
+        link_id = link.id
+
+    removed = store.remove_claim_ack(link_id, event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus)
+    return {"removed": removed, "link_id": link_id}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Inbox ack-orphans lane (spec §D7)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@router.get("/api/inbox/ack-orphans")
+def list_ack_orphans_endpoint(
+    kind: AckKind | None = Query(None, description="Filter by ack kind"),
+) -> Any:
+    """List acks with no resolvable Claim row of their own kind.
+
+    Used by the Inbox "Ack orphans" lane for the operator's manual
+    reconciliation flow. Filters by kind: ``999``, ``277ca``, ``ta1``.
+    """
+    if kind is not None:
+        items = store.find_ack_orphans(kind)
+        return {"total": len(items), "items": items}
+    items_999 = store.find_ack_orphans("999")
+    items_277ca = store.find_ack_orphans("277ca")
+    items_ta1 = store.find_ack_orphans("ta1")
+    all_items = items_999 + items_277ca + items_ta1
+    return {"total": len(all_items), "items": all_items}
+
+
+__all__ = ["router"]

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/claims.py

@@ -0,0 +1,472 @@
+"""``/api/claims*`` — Claims list / detail / streaming / serialize / line-reconciliation.
+
+Five endpoints, all gated by ``matrix_gate``:
+
+- ``GET /api/claims``                              — paginated list
+  with filter+sort, plus an NDJSON variant when the caller sends
+  ``Accept: application/x-ndjson``. SP27: counts the full filtered
+  population, not a page-limited sample.
+- ``GET /api/claims/stream``                       — NDJSON live-tail
+  on ``claim_written``. Snapshot first (eager
+  ``store.iter_claims``), then ``tail_events`` subscribes + emits
+  heartbeats. Registered before ``/api/claims/{claim_id}`` so the
+  literal ``stream`` segment isn't captured as a claim id.
+- ``GET /api/claims/{claim_id}``                   — full drawer
+  context (SP4) with the SP28 ``ack_links`` block pre-attached.
+  404 on missing id — never 500.
+- ``GET /api/claims/{claim_id}/serialize-837``     — regenerate X12
+  837P from the stored ``raw_json`` payload. 404 unknown claim, 422
+  no-``raw_json`` / unparseable / serializer failure.
+- ``GET /api/claims/{claim_id}/line-reconciliation`` — per-line 837
+  vs 835 side-by-side with CAS adjustments and a summary block.
+
+Three single-router helpers stay in this file (per spec D4):
+
+- :func:`_compact_ack_links_for_claim` — slim form
+  ``{ack_id, ack_kind, set_accept_reject_code, …}`` for the drawer
+  Acknowledgments panel.
+- :func:`_claim_line_dict`              — project an 837 service-line
+  dict from ``Claim.raw_json`` to wire shape.
+- :func:`_svc_to_dict`                  — project an ORM
+  ``ServiceLinePayment`` to wire shape.
+
+Inline imports inside handlers (preserved verbatim per spec D5):
+``select`` (sqlalchemy), ``LineReconciliation``/``ServiceLinePayment``/
+``CasAdjustment`` (cyclone.db), ``json as _json``, ``Decimal``.
+
+SP36 Task 15: this block moved here from ``api.py:1278`` (the 5
+``/api/claims*`` routes + 3 single-router helpers).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from decimal import Decimal
+from typing import Any, AsyncIterator
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, Response, StreamingResponse
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.api_helpers import (
+    ndjson_line as _ndjson_line,
+    ndjson_stream_list as _ndjson_stream_list,
+    tail_events as _tail_events,
+    wants_ndjson as _wants_ndjson,
+)
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.db import Claim
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ClaimOutput
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_837 import SerializeError as SerializeError837
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_837 import serialize_837
+from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+from cyclone.store import store
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/claims")
+def list_claims(
+    request: Request,
+    batch_id: str | None = Query(None),
+    status: str | None = Query(None),
+    provider_npi: str | None = Query(None),
+    payer: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_from: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_to: str | None = Query(None),
+    sort: str | None = Query(None),
+    order: str = Query("desc"),
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+    offset: int = Query(0, ge=0),
+) -> Any:
+    common = dict(
+        batch_id=batch_id,
+        status=status,
+        provider_npi=provider_npi,
+        payer=payer,
+        date_from=date_from,
+        date_to=date_to,
+    )
+    items = list(store.iter_claims(
+        sort=sort, order=order, limit=limit, offset=offset, **common,
+    ))
+    # SP27 Task 13b: count the full population, not a 100-row sample.
+    # `iter_claims` defaults to limit=100; counting its output silently
+    # capped the reported total at 100 even when the DB held 60k rows.
+    total = store.count_claims(**common)
+    returned = len(items)
+    has_more = total > offset + returned
+    if _wants_ndjson(request):
+        return StreamingResponse(
+            _ndjson_stream_list(items, total, returned, has_more),
+            media_type="application/x-ndjson",
+        )
+    return {
+        "items": items,
+        "total": total,
+        "returned": returned,
+        "has_more": has_more,
+    }
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Live-tail NDJSON streaming endpoints (Phase 3 — SP5)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@router.get("/api/claims/stream")
+async def claims_stream(
+    request: Request,
+    status: str | None = Query(None),
+    provider_npi: str | None = Query(None),
+    payer: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_from: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_to: str | None = Query(None),
+    sort: str | None = Query(None),
+    order: str = Query("desc"),
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    """Stream Claims as NDJSON: snapshot first, then live events.
+
+    Wire format:
+      * ``{"type":"item","data":<claim>}`` per snapshot row, then per
+        new ``claim_written`` event
+      * ``{"type":"snapshot_end","data":{"count":N}}`` after the snapshot
+      * ``{"type":"heartbeat","data":{"ts":<iso>}}`` every
+        ``CYCLONE_TAIL_HEARTBEAT_S`` seconds when idle
+
+    Query params mirror :func:`list_claims` so a frontend can swap a
+    one-shot fetch for a tail with no URL surgery.
+
+    NOTE: registered before ``/api/claims/{claim_id}`` so the literal
+    ``stream`` path segment doesn't get matched as a claim id.
+    """
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        # 1. Snapshot (eager — iter_claims returns a list already).
+        rows = store.iter_claims(
+            status=status, provider_npi=provider_npi, payer=payer,
+            date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+            sort=sort or "-submission_date", order=order, limit=limit,
+        )
+        for row in rows:
+            yield _ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": row})
+        yield _ndjson_line({"type": "snapshot_end", "data": {"count": len(rows)}})
+
+        # 2. Subscribe + heartbeats.
+        async for chunk in _tail_events(request, bus, ["claim_written"]):
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")
+
+
+@router.get("/api/claims/{claim_id}")
+def get_claim_detail_endpoint(claim_id: str) -> dict:
+    """Return one claim with full drawer context (SP4).
+
+    Body shape is produced by :meth:`CycloneStore.get_claim_detail`:
+    header, state, service lines, diagnoses, parties, validation,
+    raw segments, ``stateHistory`` (most-recent-first, capped at 50),
+    and a populated ``matchedRemittance`` block when paired.
+
+    SP28: response gains ``ack_links: list[dict]`` (compact form:
+    ``[{ack_id, ack_kind, set_accept_reject_code, parsed_at}]``)
+    so the ``ClaimDrawer`` Acknowledgments panel can render on
+    initial load. TA1 batch-level rows (``claim_id IS NULL``) are
+    excluded — those don't belong to a specific claim.
+
+    Path param is ``claim_id`` (matches the SP3 ``/api/acks/{ack_id}``
+    convention). Returns 404 — never 500 — on a missing claim so the
+    UI can distinguish "doesn't exist" from a transient fetch error.
+    """
+    body = store.get_claim_detail(claim_id)
+    if body is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail={
+                "error": "Not found",
+                "detail": f"Claim {claim_id} not found",
+            },
+        )
+    # SP28: attach ack_links (compact form for the drawer panel).
+    body["ack_links"] = _compact_ack_links_for_claim(claim_id)
+    return body
+
+
+def _compact_ack_links_for_claim(claim_id: str) -> list[dict]:
+    """Return compact ack_links for one claim, newest first.
+
+    TA1 batch-level rows (claim_id IS NULL) are filtered out — those
+    hang off the originating 837 batch, not a specific claim. The
+    shape is the slimmer ``{ack_id, ack_kind,
+    set_accept_reject_code, parsed_at, ak2_index}`` form so the
+    ClaimDrawer can render without an N+1 round-trip per row.
+    """
+    rows = store.list_acks_for_claim(claim_id)
+    out: list[dict] = []
+    for row in rows:
+        if row.claim_id is None:
+            continue
+        out.append({
+            "id": row.id,
+            "ack_id": row.ack_id,
+            "ack_kind": row.ack_kind,
+            "ak2_index": row.ak2_index,
+            "set_control_number": row.set_control_number,
+            "set_accept_reject_code": row.set_accept_reject_code,
+            "linked_at": (
+                row.linked_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+                if row.linked_at is not None else ""
+            ),
+            "linked_by": row.linked_by,
+        })
+    return out
+
+
+@router.get("/api/claims/{claim_id}/serialize-837")
+def serialize_claim_as_837(claim_id: str):
+    """Return the claim as a regenerated X12 837P file (SP8).
+
+    Loads the ClaimOutput from the persisted ``raw_json`` and runs the
+    outbound serializer. Returns 404 if the claim doesn't exist, 422 if
+    the stored payload has no parseable ClaimOutput (data integrity
+    issue, not a transient failure).
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(Claim, claim_id)
+        if row is None:
+            return JSONResponse(
+                {"error": "Not found", "detail": f"Claim {claim_id} not found"},
+                status_code=404,
+            )
+        if not row.raw_json:
+            return JSONResponse(
+                {
+                    "error": "Unprocessable",
+                    "detail": f"Claim {claim_id} has no raw_json; cannot serialize",
+                },
+                status_code=422,
+            )
+        try:
+            claim_obj = ClaimOutput.model_validate(row.raw_json)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            return JSONResponse(
+                {
+                    "error": "Unprocessable",
+                    "detail": f"Claim {claim_id} raw_json is malformed: {exc}",
+                },
+                status_code=422,
+            )
+
+    try:
+        text = serialize_837(claim_obj)
+    except SerializeError837 as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            {"error": "Unprocessable", "detail": str(exc)},
+            status_code=422,
+        )
+
+    return Response(
+        content=text,
+        media_type="text/x12",
+        headers={
+            "Content-Disposition": f'attachment; filename="claim-{claim_id}.x12"'
+        },
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/api/claims/{claim_id}/line-reconciliation")
+def get_claim_line_reconciliation(claim_id: str) -> dict:
+    """Per-line reconciliation view for the ClaimDrawer tab.
+
+    Spec §5.1. Returns the 837 service lines and 835 SVC composites
+    side-by-side, with per-line CAS adjustments and a summary block.
+
+    Architecture note: 837 service lines live in ``Claim.raw_json``
+    (not a separate ORM table), so the 837-side rows are read from the
+    JSON blob; the 835-side rows come from ``ServiceLinePayment`` ORM.
+    ``LineReconciliation.claim_service_line_number`` stores the 1-based
+    line number to join them.
+    """
+    from sqlalchemy import select
+    from cyclone.db import (
+        LineReconciliation, ServiceLinePayment, CasAdjustment,
+    )
+    import json as _json
+    from decimal import Decimal
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim = s.get(db.Claim, claim_id)
+        if claim is None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=404,
+                detail={"error": "Not found", "detail": f"Claim {claim_id} not found"},
+            )
+
+        # 837 service lines: from raw_json.
+        raw = claim.raw_json or {}
+        claim_lines_raw = raw.get("service_lines") or []
+        # Normalize to dicts for the response.
+        claim_lines = [_claim_line_dict(d) for d in claim_lines_raw]
+
+        # 835 service payments: ORM rows from the matched remit.
+        remits = list(
+            s.execute(
+                select(db.Remittance).where(db.Remittance.claim_id == claim_id)
+            ).scalars().all()
+        )
+        svc_payments: list[dict] = []
+        svc_ids: list[int] = []
+        if remits:
+            svc_rows = list(
+                s.execute(
+                    select(ServiceLinePayment).where(
+                        ServiceLinePayment.remittance_id.in_([r.id for r in remits])
+                    ).order_by(ServiceLinePayment.line_number)
+                ).scalars().all()
+            )
+            for svc in svc_rows:
+                d = _svc_to_dict(svc)
+                svc_payments.append(d)
+                svc_ids.append(svc.id)
+
+        # LineReconciliation rows.
+        lrs = list(
+            s.execute(
+                select(LineReconciliation).where(LineReconciliation.claim_id == claim_id)
+            ).scalars().all()
+        )
+        # Index by claim_service_line_number and service_line_payment_id.
+        lr_by_claim_num: dict[int, LineReconciliation] = {
+            lr.claim_service_line_number: lr for lr in lrs if lr.claim_service_line_number is not None
+        }
+        lr_by_svc: dict[int, LineReconciliation] = {
+            lr.service_line_payment_id: lr for lr in lrs if lr.service_line_payment_id is not None
+        }
+
+        # CAS rows grouped by svc id.
+        cas_by_svc: dict[int, list[CasAdjustment]] = {}
+        if svc_ids:
+            cas_rows = list(
+                s.execute(
+                    select(CasAdjustment).where(CasAdjustment.service_line_payment_id.in_(svc_ids))
+                ).scalars().all()
+            )
+            for c in cas_rows:
+                cas_by_svc.setdefault(c.service_line_payment_id, []).append(c)
+
+        # Build output lines array, preserving 837 order then 835-only.
+        svc_by_id: dict[int, dict] = {d["id"]: d for d in svc_payments}
+        lines_out: list[dict] = []
+        billed_total = Decimal("0")
+        paid_total = Decimal("0")
+        adjustment_total = Decimal("0")
+        matched_count = 0
+        used_svc_ids: set[int] = set()
+
+        for cl in claim_lines:
+            billed_total += Decimal(str(cl["charge"]))
+            lr = lr_by_claim_num.get(cl["line_number"])
+            if lr is None:
+                lines_out.append({
+                    "claim_service_line": cl,
+                    "service_line_payment": None,
+                    "status": "unmatched_837_only",
+                    "adjustments": [],
+                })
+                continue
+            svc_id = lr.service_line_payment_id
+            svc = svc_by_id.get(svc_id) if svc_id else None
+            if svc_id is not None:
+                used_svc_ids.add(svc_id)
+            cas_list = cas_by_svc.get(svc_id, []) if svc_id is not None else []
+            cas_total = sum((Decimal(str(c.amount)) for c in cas_list), Decimal("0"))
+            if svc:
+                paid_total += Decimal(str(svc["payment"]))
+            adjustment_total += cas_total
+            if lr.status == "matched":
+                matched_count += 1
+            lines_out.append({
+                "claim_service_line": cl,
+                "service_line_payment": svc,
+                "status": lr.status,
+                "adjustments": [
+                    {"group_code": c.group_code, "reason_code": c.reason_code,
+                     "amount": str(Decimal(str(c.amount)))}
+                    for c in cas_list
+                ],
+            })
+
+        # 835-only lines (no claim match).
+        for lr in lrs:
+            if lr.claim_service_line_number is not None:
+                continue
+            svc_id = lr.service_line_payment_id
+            if svc_id is None:
+                continue
+            if svc_id in used_svc_ids:
+                continue
+            svc = svc_by_id.get(svc_id)
+            cas_list = cas_by_svc.get(svc_id, [])
+            cas_total = sum((Decimal(str(c.amount)) for c in cas_list), Decimal("0"))
+            if svc:
+                paid_total += Decimal(str(svc["payment"]))
+            adjustment_total += cas_total
+            lines_out.append({
+                "claim_service_line": None,
+                "service_line_payment": svc,
+                "status": lr.status,
+                "adjustments": [
+                    {"group_code": c.group_code, "reason_code": c.reason_code,
+                     "amount": str(Decimal(str(c.amount)))}
+                    for c in cas_list
+                ],
+            })
+
+        return {
+            "claim_id": claim_id,
+            "summary": {
+                "billed_total": str(billed_total),
+                "paid_total": str(paid_total),
+                "adjustment_total": str(adjustment_total),
+                "matched_lines": matched_count,
+                "total_lines": len(claim_lines),
+            },
+            "lines": lines_out,
+        }
+
+
+def _claim_line_dict(d: dict) -> dict:
+    """Project an 837 service-line dict from ``Claim.raw_json`` to wire shape."""
+    from decimal import Decimal
+    proc = d.get("procedure") or {}
+    charge = d.get("charge")
+    units = d.get("units")
+    return {
+        "line_number": d.get("line_number"),
+        "procedure_qualifier": proc.get("qualifier", "HC"),
+        "procedure_code": proc.get("code", ""),
+        "modifiers": proc.get("modifiers") or [],
+        "charge": str(Decimal(str(charge))) if charge is not None else "0",
+        "units": str(Decimal(str(units))) if units is not None else None,
+        "unit_type": d.get("unit_type"),
+        "service_date": d.get("service_date"),
+    }
+
+
+def _svc_to_dict(svc) -> dict:
+    """Project an ORM ``ServiceLinePayment`` to wire shape."""
+    import json as _json
+    from decimal import Decimal
+    return {
+        "id": svc.id,
+        "line_number": svc.line_number,
+        "procedure_qualifier": svc.procedure_qualifier,
+        "procedure_code": svc.procedure_code,
+        "modifiers": _json.loads(svc.modifiers_json or "[]"),
+        "charge": str(Decimal(str(svc.charge))),
+        "payment": str(Decimal(str(svc.payment))),
+        "units": str(Decimal(str(svc.units))) if svc.units is not None else None,
+        "unit_type": svc.unit_type,
+        "service_date": svc.service_date.isoformat() if svc.service_date else None,
+    }

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/clearhouse.py

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+"""``/api/clearhouse*`` — singleton clearhouse config + SFTP submission.
+
+Three endpoints, all gated by ``matrix_gate``:
+
+- ``GET  /api/clearhouse``         — read the singleton clearhouse row
+  (dzinesco's identity, SFTP block, filename block). 404 when
+  unseeded.
+- ``PATCH /api/clearhouse``        — full-row replacement of the
+  singleton (SP25). Strict-validates ``sftp_block`` first (Pydantic
+  v2 default mode coerces strings-to-bools and would hide a real
+  operator mistake), then validates the whole body in loose mode.
+  Hot-reloads the running scheduler via
+  ``scheduler.reconfigure_scheduler`` so the next tick picks up the
+  new ``SftpBlock`` without a process restart.
+- ``POST /api/clearhouse/submit``  — submit a batch of claims to
+  the clearhouse. Stub: serializes via the SP7 serializer, builds
+  an HCPF-compliant outbound filename, copies the result to the
+  staging path. Per-claim audit events stamped with
+  ``actor="clearhouse-submit"``.
+
+Three single-router helpers stay in this file (per spec D4):
+
+- :func:`_load_claim_row`            — load a ``Claim`` row by id.
+- :func:`_serialize_claim_for_submit` — re-serialize a claim to X12
+  with optional per-call kwargs (submitter, receiver, SBR09, etc).
+- :func:`_serialize_claim_from_raw`  — best-effort serializer that
+  re-parses stored ``x12_text`` and re-emits.
+
+SP36 Task 11: this block moved here from ``api.py:2484`` (the 3
+``/api/clearhouse*`` routes + 3 single-router helpers).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.api_routers._shared import _actor_user_id
+from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.db import Claim
+from cyclone.store import store
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/clearhouse")
+def get_clearhouse():
+    """Return the singleton clearhouse config (dzinesco's identity, SFTP block, filename block)."""
+    ch = store.get_clearhouse()
+    if ch is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="clearhouse not seeded")
+    return json.loads(ch.model_dump_json())
+
+
+@router.patch("/api/clearhouse")
+async def patch_clearhouse(body: dict) -> Any:
+    """Replace the singleton clearhouse row (SP25).
+
+    The full ``Clearhouse`` model is required — we don't accept partial
+    updates because the operator-facing use case is "I'm switching the
+    loop to real MFT" or "I'm pointing at a different MFT server",
+    not "I'm tweaking one field at a time." Validation errors are
+    returned as 422 (Pydantic default).
+
+    After a successful write, the running scheduler is hot-reloaded
+    via ``scheduler.reconfigure_scheduler()`` so the next tick uses
+    the new SftpBlock without a process restart.
+    """
+    from cyclone import scheduler as _scheduler_mod
+    from cyclone.providers import Clearhouse as _Clearhouse, SftpBlock as _SftpBlock
+
+    # Strict-validate the sftp_block sub-dict FIRST. Pydantic v2's
+    # default mode coerces strings to bools (e.g. ``"stub": "yes"``
+    # silently becomes True), which would hide a real operator
+    # mistake. The Clearhouse model itself stays in loose mode so
+    # ISO-string ``updated_at`` (the JSON round-trip shape) keeps
+    # parsing.
+    raw_sb = body.get("sftp_block", {})
+    try:
+        _SftpBlock.model_validate(raw_sb, strict=True)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=422, detail=f"invalid sftp_block: {exc}",
+        ) from exc
+
+    # Now validate the full body in loose mode.
+    try:
+        parsed = _Clearhouse.model_validate(body)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=422, detail=str(exc),
+        ) from exc
+
+    # SP25: when sftp_block.stub=false, the block must carry an auth
+    # account name and a non-empty host. The Pydantic model catches
+    # some of these; this catches the "empty password_keychain_account"
+    # case (which Pydantic allows because it's a free-form dict).
+    sb = parsed.sftp_block
+    if not sb.stub:
+        if not sb.host:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=422,
+                detail="sftp_block.host is required when stub=false",
+            )
+        auth = sb.auth or {}
+        if not auth.get("password_keychain_account") and not auth.get("key_file"):
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=422,
+                detail=(
+                    "sftp_block.auth must contain either "
+                    "'password_keychain_account' or 'key_file' when stub=false"
+                ),
+            )
+
+    updated = store.update_clearhouse(parsed)
+    await _scheduler_mod.reconfigure_scheduler(
+        updated.sftp_block,
+        sftp_block_name=updated.name or "default",
+    )
+    return json.loads(updated.model_dump_json())
+
+
+@router.post("/api/clearhouse/submit")
+def submit_to_clearhouse(request: Request, body: dict):
+    """Submit a batch of claims to the clearhouse (SFTP). SP9: stub.
+
+    Body: ``{"claim_ids": [...], "payer_id": "CO_TXIX"}``
+
+    Stub behavior: serializes each claim via the SP7 serializer, builds
+    an HCPF-compliant outbound filename, and copies the result to
+    ``{staging_dir}/{outbound_path}/{filename}`` instead of opening a
+    real SFTP connection. Returns a receipt per claim.
+    """
+    from cyclone.clearhouse import make_client
+    from cyclone.edi.filenames import build_outbound_filename
+
+    claim_ids = body.get("claim_ids", [])
+    payer_id = body.get("payer_id")
+    if not claim_ids:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="claim_ids required")
+    if not payer_id:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="payer_id required")
+
+    ch = store.get_clearhouse()
+    if ch is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="clearhouse not seeded")
+
+    # Submitter (Loop 1000A) comes from the clearhouse config. The
+    # receiver (NM1*40) and SBR09 come from the per-payer config and
+    # are resolved per-claim below. Without this wiring, the
+    # serializer would emit "CYCLONE" / "RECEIVER" placeholders and
+    # the file would be rejected by HCPF.
+    submitter_kwargs = {
+        "sender_id": ch.tpid,
+        "submitter_name": ch.submitter_name,
+        "submitter_contact_name": ch.submitter_contact_name,
+        "submitter_contact_email": ch.submitter_contact_email,
+    }
+    if getattr(ch, "submitter_contact_phone", None):
+        submitter_kwargs["submitter_contact_phone"] = ch.submitter_contact_phone
+
+    # Build a payer_id → PayerConfig837 map once so we can look up the
+    # receiver + SBR09 default for each claim.
+    from cyclone.db import PayerConfigORM as _PayerConfigORM
+
+    def _resolve_payer_cfg(claim_obj) -> dict | None:
+        pid = (claim_obj.payer.id or "").strip() if claim_obj.payer else ""
+        pname = (claim_obj.payer.name or "").strip() if claim_obj.payer else ""
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as ss:
+            if pid:
+                row = ss.get(_PayerConfigORM, (pid, "837P"))
+                if row is not None:
+                    return dict(row.config_json)
+            if pname:
+                rows = (
+                    ss.query(_PayerConfigORM)
+                    .filter(_PayerConfigORM.transaction_type == "837P")
+                    .all()
+                )
+                for r in rows:
+                    cj = dict(r.config_json)
+                    if (r.payer_id or "").upper() == pname.upper():
+                        return cj
+                    if pname.lower() in str(cj).lower():
+                        return cj
+            row = (
+                ss.query(_PayerConfigORM)
+                .filter(_PayerConfigORM.transaction_type == "837P")
+                .first()
+            )
+            return dict(row.config_json) if row else None
+
+    client = make_client(ch.sftp_block)
+    results = []
+    for cid in claim_ids:
+        try:
+            x12_text = _serialize_claim_for_submit(cid)
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            results.append({"claim_id": cid, "ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
+            continue
+        # Re-resolve the claim so we can look up its payer config. We
+        # re-parse the stored x12_text to get a ClaimOutput (same path
+        # the serializer uses).
+        try:
+            from cyclone.parsers.parse_837 import parse as _parse837
+            claim_row_obj = _load_claim_row(cid)
+            if claim_row_obj is None or not (claim_row_obj.raw_json or {}).get("x12_text"):
+                raise RuntimeError("no stored x12_text for claim")
+            parsed = _parse837(claim_row_obj.raw_json["x12_text"])
+            claim_obj = parsed.claims[0] if parsed.claims else None
+        except Exception:
+            claim_obj = None
+        if claim_obj is not None:
+            payer_cfg = _resolve_payer_cfg(claim_obj) or {}
+            receiver_id = payer_cfg.get("receiver_id") or (claim_obj.payer.id if claim_obj.payer else None) or "RECEIVER"
+            receiver_name = payer_cfg.get("receiver_name") or (claim_obj.payer.name if claim_obj.payer else None) or receiver_id
+            sbr09 = payer_cfg.get("sbr09_default") or "MC"
+            # Re-serialize with the proper envelope values.
+            try:
+                x12_text = _serialize_claim_for_submit(
+                    cid,
+                    **{**submitter_kwargs, "receiver_id": receiver_id,
+                       "receiver_name": receiver_name,
+                       "claim_filing_indicator_code": sbr09},
+                )
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                results.append({"claim_id": cid, "ok": False, "error": str(exc)})
+                continue
+        filename = build_outbound_filename(ch.tpid, "837P")
+        remote = f"{ch.sftp_block.paths['outbound']}/{filename}"
+        staging_path = client.write_file(remote, x12_text.encode("utf-8"))
+        results.append({
+            "claim_id": cid,
+            "ok": True,
+            "filename": filename,
+            "staging_path": str(staging_path),
+            "remote_path": remote,
+        })
+        # SP11: audit trail for each successful clearhouse submission.
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as audit_s:
+            append_event(audit_s, AuditEvent(
+                event_type="clearhouse.submitted",
+                entity_type="claim",
+                entity_id=cid,
+                payload={
+                    "filename": filename,
+                    "remote_path": remote,
+                    "tpid": ch.tpid,
+                    "stub": ch.sftp_block.stub,
+                },
+                actor="clearhouse-submit",
+                user_id=_actor_user_id(request),
+            ))
+            audit_s.commit()
+    return {"ok": True, "submitted": results, "stub": ch.sftp_block.stub}
+
+
+def _load_claim_row(claim_id: str):
+    """Helper: load a Claim row by id (or return None)."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return s.get(Claim, claim_id)
+
+
+def _serialize_claim_for_submit(claim_id: str, **kwargs) -> str:
+    """Serialize a claim to X12 for SFTP submission. Lazy import of the
+    serializer to avoid pulling FastAPI machinery at module import time.
+
+    Optional ``**kwargs`` are forwarded to the serializer — used to
+    pass through clearhouse submitter info and per-payer receiver info
+    so the regenerated file matches what the HCPF MFT expects.
+    """
+    from cyclone.parsers.serialize_837 import serialize_837
+    from cyclone import db
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(db.Claim, claim_id)
+        if row is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"claim {claim_id!r} not found")
+        # Re-parse the stored raw_json to get a ClaimOutput
+        from cyclone.parsers.models import ClaimOutput, Envelope, Subscriber, Payer, BillingProvider
+        from cyclone.parsers.parse_837 import parse
+        raw = row.raw_json or {}
+        # Reconstruct minimal ClaimOutput from raw_json; this is best-effort.
+        return _serialize_claim_from_raw(row, raw, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _serialize_claim_from_raw(claim_row, raw: dict, **kwargs) -> str:
+    """Best-effort serializer that uses the stored raw_json to emit a fresh 837.
+
+    For SP9 this delegates to the existing serialize_837 helper if the
+    claim has a complete raw_segments array. Otherwise it returns a
+    minimal placeholder. ``**kwargs`` are forwarded to the serializer
+    so callers can pass through submitter / receiver / SBR09 values
+    from the clearhouse and per-payer configs.
+    """
+    from cyclone.parsers.serialize_837 import serialize_837
+    from cyclone.parsers.parse_837 import parse
+
+    # Re-parse the original batch text (need to re-derive from store).
+    # SP9 stub: if the claim has a `raw_json` with `x12_text`, use that.
+    if isinstance(raw, dict) and raw.get("x12_text"):
+        result = parse(raw["x12_text"])
+        if result.claims:
+            return serialize_837(result.claims[0], **kwargs)
+    # Fallback: raise so the caller sees an error.
+    raise RuntimeError(
+        f"claim {claim_row.id!r} cannot be re-serialized: no stored x12_text"
+    )

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+"""``/api/config/payers`` and ``/api/config/payers/{payer_id}/configs`` — payer-config read views.
+
+Both endpoints are read-only configuration surfaces used by the UI's
+"Edit payers" page:
+
+- ``GET /api/config/payers?is_active=...`` lists all configured
+  payers (PayerConfig records) — the set of payers the operator has
+  registered, regardless of whether they have inbound config blocks.
+- ``GET /api/config/payers/{payer_id}/configs`` returns the full
+  list of ``(transaction_type, config_json)`` blocks for a given
+  payer. Each block has a ``source``: ``"yaml"`` for the on-disk
+  ``config/payers.yaml`` default, ``"db"`` for any runtime override
+  recorded via ``/api/admin/reload-config``.
+
+These are configuration surfaces, not claim-processing surfaces.
+They live here (under ``/api/config/``) rather than under
+``/api/payers/`` because the latter is the drill-down rollup
+(see ``api_routers/payers.py``).
+
+SP36 Task 7: this block moved here from ``api.py:3167`` (after
+the SP21 provider-detail helper, before the Auth routers divider).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Query
+
+from cyclone import store
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/config/payers")
+def list_configured_payers(is_active: bool | None = Query(default=True)):
+    return [json.loads(p.model_dump_json()) for p in store.list_payers(is_active=is_active)]
+
+
+@router.get("/api/config/payers/{payer_id}/configs")
+def list_payer_configs(payer_id: str):
+    """List all (transaction_type, config_json) blocks for a payer."""
+    from cyclone import payers as payer_loader
+    configs = [
+        {"transaction_type": tx, "config_json": block, "source": "yaml"}
+        for (pid, tx), block in payer_loader.all_configs().items()
+        if pid == payer_id
+    ]
+    # Also check the DB for runtime-overridden configs
+    for tx in ("837P", "835", "277CA", "999", "TA1"):
+        live = store.get_payer_config(payer_id, tx)
+        if live is not None:
+            configs.append({"transaction_type": tx, "config_json": live, "source": "db"})
+    return configs

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/dashboard.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""``/api/dashboard/kpis`` — server-aggregated Dashboard tiles.
+
+Backs the Dashboard's "Claims / Billed / Received / Pending AR /
+Denial rate" tiles + the monthly sparkline series + the
+top-providers and top-denials lists.
+
+Why this exists instead of ``GET /api/claims?limit=N``:
+The Dashboard's KPIs are aggregates over *every* claim — billed,
+received, denial rate, pending count, monthly billed/received. With
+60k+ claims in production, paginating ``/api/claims`` and reducing
+client-side silently produces wrong numbers (denial rate sampled,
+billed summed from the first 100 rows). This endpoint does the
+aggregation server-side in a single read so the Dashboard's numbers
+are always correct regardless of dataset size.
+
+SP36 Task 4: this single endpoint moved here from ``api.py:2732``.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Query
+
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.store import dashboard_kpis
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/dashboard/kpis")
+def get_dashboard_kpis(
+    months: int = Query(6, ge=1, le=24),
+    top_n_providers: int = Query(4, ge=0, le=50),
+    top_n_denials: int = Query(5, ge=0, le=50),
+) -> dict:
+    """Server-aggregated Dashboard KPIs over the whole claim population."""
+    return dashboard_kpis(
+        months=months,
+        top_n_providers=top_n_providers,
+        top_n_denials=top_n_denials,
+    )

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/eligibility.py

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+"""``/api/eligibility/request`` and ``/api/eligibility/parse-271`` — API-only eligibility pair.
+
+Builds a 270 inquiry from a small JSON body and parses a 271 response.
+Nothing is persisted to the DB — these are operator-driven, ephemeral
+operations per SP3 (P4 T23–T24). The 270 serializer pulls X12 from a
+``ParseResult270`` Pydantic; the 271 parser builds the same structure
+in reverse from the wire format.
+
+Why these are not ``GET /api/eligibility/...``: the 270 build is
+operator-initiated (pay-portal paste-back), so the inbound surface is
+a JSON ``POST``. The 271 inbound is a multipart file upload — same
+shape as ``/api/parse-999`` — so the file can be the actual 271 text
+saved from the payer portal.
+
+SP36 Task 5: this block moved here from ``api.py:2832`` (``270 / 271
+eligibility`` divider).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+from datetime import date as _date
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, HTTPException, UploadFile
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+from cyclone.parsers.models import BatchSummary, Envelope
+from cyclone.parsers.models_270 import (
+    EligibilityBenefitInquiry,
+    InformationReceiver270,
+    InformationSource270,
+    ParseResult270,
+    Subscriber270,
+)
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_271 import parse as parse_271_text
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_270 import serialize_270
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+def _validate_eligibility_request(body: dict) -> tuple[ParseResult270, str]:
+    """Build a :class:`ParseResult270` from a request body dict.
+
+    The body shape is the minimum surface needed to build a valid 270
+    inquiry (per spec section 3.4 — operator-driven, ephemeral):
+
+    ::
+
+        {
+            "subscriber": {first_name, last_name, member_id, dob},
+            "provider":   {npi, name},
+            "payer":      {id, name},
+            "service_type_code": "1"
+        }
+
+    Returns ``(ParseResult270, service_type_code)``. Raises
+    :class:`HTTPException` (400) when the body is missing required
+    fields.
+    """
+    subscriber_in = body.get("subscriber") or {}
+    provider_in = body.get("provider") or {}
+    payer_in = body.get("payer") or {}
+    service_type_code = (body.get("service_type_code") or "").strip()
+
+    # Required-field checks. We surface a single 400 with the first
+    # missing field name to match the rest of the API's error contract.
+    if not service_type_code:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail={"error": "Bad request", "detail": "service_type_code is required"},
+        )
+    if not subscriber_in.get("member_id"):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail={"error": "Bad request", "detail": "subscriber.member_id is required"},
+        )
+    if not provider_in.get("npi"):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail={"error": "Bad request", "detail": "provider.npi is required"},
+        )
+    if not payer_in.get("name"):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail={"error": "Bad request", "detail": "payer.name is required"},
+        )
+
+    # Build the Pydantic models. The serializer handles all envelope
+    # generation (sender_id/receiver_id/control_number/transaction_date
+    # are filled in by the serializer with sensible defaults).
+    subscriber_dob_raw = subscriber_in.get("dob")
+    subscriber_dob: _date | None = None
+    if subscriber_dob_raw:
+        try:
+            subscriber_dob = _date.fromisoformat(subscriber_dob_raw)
+        except (TypeError, ValueError) as exc:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=400,
+                detail={
+                    "error": "Bad request",
+                    "detail": f"subscriber.dob must be YYYY-MM-DD: {exc}",
+                },
+            ) from exc
+
+    result = ParseResult270(
+        envelope=Envelope(
+            sender_id="SUBMITTERID",
+            receiver_id=str(payer_in.get("id") or "RECEIVERID"),
+            control_number="000000001",
+            transaction_date=_date.today(),
+            implementation_guide="005010X279A1",
+        ),
+        information_source=InformationSource270(
+            name=str(payer_in["name"]),
+            id=str(payer_in.get("id") or "") or None,
+        ),
+        information_receiver=InformationReceiver270(
+            name=str(provider_in.get("name") or ""),
+            npi=str(provider_in["npi"]),
+        ),
+        subscriber=Subscriber270(
+            member_id=str(subscriber_in["member_id"]),
+            first_name=str(subscriber_in.get("first_name") or "") or None,
+            last_name=str(subscriber_in.get("last_name") or "") or None,
+            dob=subscriber_dob,
+        ),
+        inquiries=[EligibilityBenefitInquiry(service_type_code=service_type_code)],
+        summary=BatchSummary(
+            input_file="eligibility_request",
+            control_number="000000001",
+            transaction_date=_date.today(),
+            total_claims=1,
+            passed=1,
+            failed=0,
+        ),
+    )
+    return result, service_type_code
+
+
+@router.post("/api/eligibility/request")
+def post_eligibility_request(body: dict) -> Any:
+    """Build a 270 eligibility inquiry from a small JSON body.
+
+    Returns ``{"raw_270_text": <X12>, "parsed": <ParseResult270>}``
+    so the operator can either download the raw text (paste into a
+    payer portal) or render the parsed fields directly. Per spec
+    section 3.4, nothing is persisted to the DB.
+    """
+    try:
+        result, _ = _validate_eligibility_request(body)
+    except HTTPException:
+        raise
+    except (KeyError, TypeError, ValueError) as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail={"error": "Bad request", "detail": f"Malformed body: {exc}"},
+        ) from exc
+
+    raw_270_text = serialize_270(result)
+    return {
+        "raw_270_text": raw_270_text,
+        "parsed": json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/api/eligibility/parse-271")
+async def post_eligibility_parse_271(
+    file: UploadFile = File(...),
+) -> Any:
+    """Parse a 271 eligibility response and return the structured summary.
+
+    Accepts the raw 271 text as a file upload (multipart/form-data),
+    mirrors the ``/api/parse-999`` contract. Per spec section 3.4 the
+    result is NOT persisted — the operator re-pastes the 271 each
+    time they need a fresh read.
+
+    The response body is a JSON object with three top-level keys:
+    ``coverage_benefits``, ``subscriber``, and ``summary``. 400 is
+    returned on empty / undecodable / malformed EDI; 200 on success.
+    """
+    raw = await file.read()
+    if not raw:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Empty file", "detail": "Uploaded file contained no bytes."},
+        )
+    try:
+        text = raw.decode("utf-8")
+    except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Encoding error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    try:
+        result = parse_271_text(text, input_file=file.filename or "")
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Parse error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:  # pragma: no cover - safety net
+        log.exception("Unexpected parser failure on 271")
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=500,
+            content={"error": "Internal server error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    return {
+        "coverage_benefits": [
+            json.loads(cb.model_dump_json()) for cb in result.coverage_benefits
+        ],
+        "subscriber": json.loads(result.subscriber.model_dump_json()),
+        "summary": json.loads(result.summary.model_dump_json()),
+        "envelope": json.loads(result.envelope.model_dump_json()),
+        "information_source": json.loads(result.information_source.model_dump_json()),
+        "information_receiver": json.loads(result.information_receiver.model_dump_json()),
+    }

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/inbox.py

@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+"""``/api/inbox*`` — operator-facing Inbox surface (SP6 + SP14).
+
+Six endpoints, all gated by ``matrix_gate``:
+
+- ``GET  /api/inbox/lanes``                       — all lanes in one
+  call (``compute_lanes`` from :mod:`cyclone.inbox_lanes`).
+- ``POST /api/inbox/candidates/{remit_id}/match`` — manually link a
+  remit to a claim; surfaces 409 with the current state when the
+  claim is already matched.
+- ``POST /api/inbox/candidates/dismiss``          — add candidate
+  pairs to the session-scoped dismissed set (mutates
+  ``request.app.state.dismissed_pairs``).
+- ``POST /api/inbox/payer-rejected/acknowledge``  — SP14: mark
+  Payer-Rejected claims as acknowledged. Idempotent; returns the
+  count actually transitioned vs. already-acked / not-found /
+  not-rejected.
+- ``POST /api/inbox/rejected/resubmit``           — bulk move
+  REJECTED claims back to SUBMITTED. With
+  ``?download=true`` returns a ZIP of regenerated 837 files
+  (``serialize_837_for_resubmit`` with per-claim ``interchange_index``
+  for unique control numbers). Conflicts are omitted from the ZIP
+  and surfaced via the ``X-Cyclone-Serialize-Errors`` header.
+- ``GET  /api/inbox/export.csv``                  — stream a CSV for
+  a single lane (rejected / candidates / unmatched / done_today).
+
+All endpoints use ``request.app.state`` rather than the module-level
+``app`` global so they're robust against ``importlib.reload`` of
+the api module — the reload rebinds ``app`` to a new instance, but
+``request.app`` always points at the instance actually serving the
+current request.
+
+SP36 Task 13: this block moved here from ``api.py:1280`` (the 6
+``/api/inbox*`` routes, with the SP14 comment block preserved
+verbatim).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import csv
+import io
+import json
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request, Response
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.db import Claim, ClaimState, Remittance
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ClaimOutput
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_837 import SerializeError as SerializeError837
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_837 import serialize_837_for_resubmit
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/inbox/lanes")
+def inbox_lanes(request: Request):
+    """Return all Inbox lanes in one call.
+
+    Uses ``request.app.state`` rather than the module-level ``app``
+    global so the endpoint is robust against ``importlib.reload`` of
+    this module (some tests do this to mutate the CORS allow-list).
+    After a reload, the module-level ``app`` rebinds to a new
+    FastAPI instance; ``request.app`` always points at the instance
+    that is actually serving the current request, so per-request
+    state stays consistent with the test's TestClient target.
+    """
+    dismissed_pairs = getattr(request.app.state, "dismissed_pairs", set())
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        from cyclone.inbox_lanes import compute_lanes
+        lanes = compute_lanes(session, dismissed_pairs=dismissed_pairs)
+    return {
+        "rejected": lanes.rejected,
+        # SP10: payer-rejected lane (277CA STC A4/A6/A7). Distinct from
+        # the 999 envelope rejection in ``rejected`` above.
+        "payer_rejected": lanes.payer_rejected,
+        "candidates": lanes.candidates,
+        "unmatched": lanes.unmatched,
+        "done_today": lanes.done_today,
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/api/inbox/candidates/{remit_id}/match")
+def inbox_match_candidate(remit_id: str, body: dict):
+    """Manually link a remit to a claim."""
+    claim_id = body.get("claim_id")
+    if not claim_id:
+        raise HTTPException(400, "claim_id required")
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim = s.get(Claim, claim_id)
+        remit = s.get(Remittance, remit_id)
+        if claim is None or remit is None:
+            raise HTTPException(404, "claim or remit not found")
+        if claim.matched_remittance_id and claim.matched_remittance_id != remit_id:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                409,
+                detail={
+                    "error": "claim_already_matched",
+                    "current_state": (
+                        claim.state.value if hasattr(claim.state, "value")
+                        else str(claim.state)
+                    ),
+                    "matched_remittance_id": claim.matched_remittance_id,
+                },
+            )
+        claim.matched_remittance_id = remit_id
+        remit.claim_id = claim_id
+        s.commit()
+    return {"ok": True, "claim_id": claim_id, "remit_id": remit_id}
+
+
+@router.post("/api/inbox/candidates/dismiss")
+def inbox_dismiss_candidates(body: dict, request: Request):
+    """Add candidate pairs to the session-scoped dismissed set.
+
+    Uses ``request.app.state`` rather than the module-level ``app``
+    global so the endpoint is robust against ``importlib.reload`` of
+    this module (some tests do this to mutate the CORS allow-list).
+    After a reload, the module-level ``app`` rebinds to a new
+    FastAPI instance; ``request.app`` always points at the instance
+    that is actually serving the current request, so the test's
+    TestClient target is the one whose state we mutate.
+    """
+    pairs = body.get("pairs") or []
+    if not hasattr(request.app.state, "dismissed_pairs"):
+        request.app.state.dismissed_pairs = set()
+    for p in pairs:
+        cid = p.get("claim_id")
+        rid = p.get("remit_id")
+        if cid and rid:
+            request.app.state.dismissed_pairs.add(frozenset({cid, rid}))
+    return {"ok": True, "dismissed_count": len(pairs)}
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# SP14: Payer-Rejected acknowledge
+#
+# Operator hits "Acknowledge" on the Payer-Rejected Inbox lane to clear
+# the claim from the working surface. We don't delete the rejection
+# (the original payer_rejected_* fields stay for SP11 audit), we just
+# set payer_rejected_acknowledged_at so the lane query filters it out.
+#
+# Idempotent: re-acknowledging an already-acknowledged claim is a noop
+# (the timestamp is not bumped). Returns the count actually transitioned
+# so the UI can show "3 of 5 were already acknowledged".
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+@router.post("/api/inbox/payer-rejected/acknowledge")
+def inbox_acknowledge_payer_rejected(body: dict):
+    """Mark Payer-Rejected claims as acknowledged by the operator."""
+    claim_ids = body.get("claim_ids") or []
+    actor = body.get("actor") or "operator"
+    if not isinstance(claim_ids, list) or not claim_ids:
+        raise HTTPException(400, "claim_ids must be a non-empty list")
+    if not all(isinstance(c, str) for c in claim_ids):
+        raise HTTPException(400, "claim_ids must be a list of strings")
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        from cyclone.db import Claim
+        now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        transitioned = 0
+        already_acked = 0
+        not_found = 0
+        not_rejected = 0
+        for cid in claim_ids:
+            claim = session.get(Claim, cid)
+            if claim is None:
+                not_found += 1
+                continue
+            if claim.payer_rejected_at is None:
+                not_rejected += 1
+                continue
+            if claim.payer_rejected_acknowledged_at is not None:
+                already_acked += 1
+                continue
+            claim.payer_rejected_acknowledged_at = now
+            claim.payer_rejected_acknowledged_actor = actor
+            transitioned += 1
+            # SP11: audit event for the acknowledge action.
+            try:
+                from cyclone.audit_log import append_event, AuditEvent
+                append_event(session, AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="claim.payer_rejected_acknowledged",
+                    entity_type="claim",
+                    entity_id=claim.id,
+                    actor=actor,
+                    payload={
+                        "payer_rejected_status_code": claim.payer_rejected_status_code,
+                        "payer_rejected_by_277ca_id": claim.payer_rejected_by_277ca_id,
+                    },
+                ))
+            except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+                # Audit append is best-effort; don't block the operator's
+                # acknowledge action on an audit-log failure.
+                pass
+        if transitioned:
+            session.commit()
+
+    return {
+        "ok": True,
+        "transitioned": transitioned,
+        "already_acked": already_acked,
+        "not_found": not_found,
+        "not_rejected": not_rejected,
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/api/inbox/rejected/resubmit")
+def inbox_resubmit_rejected(
+    request: Request,
+    body: dict,
+    download: bool = Query(False, description="When true, return a ZIP of regenerated 837 files for the resubmitted claims (instead of JSON)."),
+):
+    """Bulk move REJECTED claims back to SUBMITTED.
+
+    With ``?download=true``, the response is a ``application/zip`` archive
+    containing one ``claim-{id}.x12`` per successfully resubmitted claim
+    (regenerated via ``serialize_837_for_resubmit`` so each file gets a
+    unique interchange/group control number). Conflicts are omitted from
+    the ZIP — they remain visible to the caller via the JSON shape of the
+    non-download path. Empty resubmit + download → 200 with an empty zip
+    so the UI can still hand the user a downloadable artifact.
+    """
+    ids = body.get("claim_ids") or []
+    if not ids:
+        raise HTTPException(400, "claim_ids required")
+    accepted: list[str] = []
+    conflicts: list[dict] = []
+    # Track which claims are about to be resubmitted (and their index in
+    # the bundle) so the download path can serialize them with unique
+    # control numbers — back-to-back resubmits in the same file would
+    # otherwise all share ISA13/GS06 = "000000001".
+    accepted_with_rows: list[tuple[str, "Claim"]] = []
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        for cid in ids:
+            c = s.get(Claim, cid)
+            if c is None:
+                continue
+            if c.state != ClaimState.REJECTED:
+                conflicts.append({
+                    "claim_id": cid,
+                    "current_state": (
+                        c.state.value if hasattr(c.state, "value")
+                        else str(c.state)
+                    ),
+                })
+                continue
+            c.state = ClaimState.SUBMITTED
+            c.state_changed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+            c.rejection_reason = None
+            c.rejected_at = None
+            c.resubmit_count = (c.resubmit_count or 0) + 1
+            accepted.append(cid)
+            accepted_with_rows.append((cid, c))
+        s.commit()
+
+    if not download:
+        return {"ok": True, "resubmitted": accepted, "conflicts": conflicts}
+
+    # Build a ZIP of regenerated 837s for the accepted claims. Conflicts
+    # and missing ids are deliberately excluded — the user already saw
+    # them in the JSON response on prior actions; the download is the
+    # "give me the files I asked for" payload.
+    import zipfile
+    buf = io.BytesIO()
+    serialize_errors: list[dict] = []
+    with zipfile.ZipFile(buf, mode="w", compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
+        for idx, (cid, c) in enumerate(accepted_with_rows, start=1):
+            if not c.raw_json:
+                serialize_errors.append({"claim_id": cid, "reason": "no raw_json"})
+                continue
+            try:
+                claim_obj = ClaimOutput.model_validate(c.raw_json)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                serialize_errors.append({"claim_id": cid, "reason": f"raw_json invalid: {exc}"})
+                continue
+            try:
+                text = serialize_837_for_resubmit(claim_obj, interchange_index=idx)
+            except SerializeError837 as exc:
+                serialize_errors.append({"claim_id": cid, "reason": str(exc)})
+                continue
+            zf.writestr(f"claim-{cid}.x12", text)
+    buf.seek(0)
+    headers = {
+        "Content-Disposition": (
+            f'attachment; filename="resubmit-{len(accepted)}-claims.zip"'
+        ),
+    }
+    # Surface per-claim serialization failures as a custom response header
+    # so the UI can show "10 resubmitted, 2 couldn't be regenerated" without
+    # parsing the binary. The header value is JSON-encoded; the UI is
+    # expected to JSON.parse it after a fetch with response.ok.
+    if serialize_errors:
+        headers["X-Cyclone-Serialize-Errors"] = json.dumps(serialize_errors)
+    return Response(
+        content=buf.getvalue(),
+        media_type="application/zip",
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/api/inbox/export.csv")
+def inbox_export_csv(lane: str, request: Request):
+    """Stream a CSV for a single lane.
+
+    Uses ``request.app.state`` rather than the module-level ``app``
+    global so the endpoint is robust against ``importlib.reload`` of
+    this module (see ``inbox_dismiss_candidates`` for context).
+    """
+    if lane not in {"rejected", "candidates", "unmatched", "done_today"}:
+        raise HTTPException(400, f"unknown lane: {lane}")
+    dismissed_pairs = getattr(request.app.state, "dismissed_pairs", set())
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        from cyclone.inbox_lanes import compute_lanes
+        lanes = compute_lanes(session, dismissed_pairs=dismissed_pairs)
+    rows = getattr(lanes, lane)
+
+    buf = io.StringIO()
+    writer = csv.writer(buf)
+    writer.writerow([
+        "id", "kind", "patient_control_number", "charge_amount",
+        "payer_id", "provider_npi", "state", "rejection_reason",
+        "service_date", "score",
+    ])
+    for r in rows:
+        writer.writerow([
+            r.get("id") or r.get("payer_claim_control_number"),
+            r.get("kind"),
+            r.get("patient_control_number"),
+            r.get("charge_amount"),
+            r.get("payer_id"),
+            r.get("provider_npi") or r.get("rendering_provider_npi"),
+            r.get("state"),
+            r.get("rejection_reason"),
+            r.get("service_date_from") or r.get("service_date"),
+            r.get("score"),
+        ])
+    buf.seek(0)
+    return StreamingResponse(
+        iter([buf.getvalue()]),
+        media_type="text/csv",
+        headers={"Content-Disposition": f'attachment; filename="inbox-{lane}.csv"'},
+    )

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/parse.py

@@ -0,0 +1,831 @@
+"""Parse endpoints — accept X12 uploads and ingest them.
+
+Five routes:
+
+* ``POST /api/parse-837`` — 837P professional claim ingest (the
+  primary upload path)
+* ``POST /api/parse-835`` — 835 ERA remittance ingest
+* ``POST /api/parse-999`` — 999 ACK ingest + auto-link claims
+* ``POST /api/parse-ta1`` — TA1 envelope ACK ingest + envelope-link batches
+* ``POST /api/parse-277ca`` — 277CA Claim Acknowledgment ingest
+
+The 7 cross-router helpers these endpoints need (and the two
+PAYER_FACTORIES dicts they consume) live in
+:mod:`cyclone.api_routers._shared`.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+import uuid
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, File, Query, Request, UploadFile
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse, StreamingResponse
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.api_helpers import (
+    client_wants_json as _client_wants_json,
+    drop_raw_segments_837 as _drop_raw_segments,
+    drop_raw_segments_835 as _drop_raw_segments_835,
+    has_claim_validation_errors as _has_claim_validation_errors,
+    has_835_validation_errors as _has_835_validation_errors,
+    ndjson_stream_837 as _ndjson_stream,
+    ndjson_stream_835 as _ndjson_stream_835,
+    strict_rewrite_837 as _strict_rewrite,
+    strict_rewrite_835 as _strict_rewrite_835,
+)
+from cyclone.api_routers._shared import (
+    _actor_user_id,
+    _build_and_persist_ack,
+    _reconciliation_summary_for_batch,
+    _resolve_payer,
+    _resolve_payer_835,
+    _serialize_ta1,
+    _ta1_synthetic_source_batch_id,
+    _transaction_set_id_from_segments,
+)
+from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.claim_acks import (
+    apply_277ca_acks as _apply_277ca_acks,
+    apply_999_acceptances as _apply_999_acceptances,
+    apply_ta1_envelope_link as _apply_ta1_envelope_link,
+)
+from cyclone.db import Batch, Claim
+from cyclone.handlers._ack_id import (
+    ack_count_summary as _ack_count_summary,
+    ack_synthetic_source_batch_id as _ack_synthetic_source_batch_id,
+    two77ca_synthetic_source_batch_id as _277ca_synthetic_source_batch_id,
+)
+from cyclone.inbox_state import apply_999_rejections
+from cyclone.inbox_state_277ca import apply_277ca_rejections
+from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_277ca import parse_277ca_text
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_837 import parse
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_835 import parse as parse_835
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_999 import parse_999_text
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_ta1 import parse_ta1_text
+from cyclone.parsers.segments import tokenize as _tokenize_segments
+from cyclone.parsers.serialize_999 import serialize_999
+from cyclone.parsers.validator_835 import validate as validate_835
+from cyclone.store import BatchRecord, store, utcnow
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.post("/api/parse-837")
+async def parse_837(
+    request: Request,
+    file: UploadFile = File(...),
+    payer: str = Query("co_medicaid"),
+    include_raw_segments: bool = Query(True),
+    strict: bool = Query(False),
+    ack: bool = Query(False),
+) -> Any:
+    # SP35: defense-in-depth input guards. Layer A (UI auto-detect) lives
+    # in src/pages/Upload.tsx; the server-side checks below are the
+    # authoritative fix because they protect every caller of the API
+    # (Upload page, CLI ingestion, any future bulk-import tool). Without
+    # these, an 835 file dropped on the Upload page while the dropdown
+    # still says "837p" produces a BatchRecord with claims=[] and a bogus
+    # row on the History tab. The fix is two checks run BEFORE we persist
+    # anything:
+    #
+    #   1. Envelope check — ST01 must be "837" or "837P". Anything else
+    #      (an 835, a 999, a 270, garbage that happens to have an ISA)
+    #      → 400 with error="Mismatched file kind", expected="837p",
+    #      detected_st=<whatever was there>.
+    #   2. Empty-claims check — even with the right envelope, if the
+    #      parser produced zero CLM segments (truncated file, header-only
+    #      test fixture) → 400 with error="No claims parsed". A real
+    #      production 837 batch with zero claims is never valid.
+    raw = await file.read()
+    if not raw:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Empty file", "detail": "Uploaded file contained no bytes."},
+        )
+    try:
+        text = raw.decode("utf-8")
+    except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Encoding error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    config = _resolve_payer(payer)
+
+    # SP35 guard 1: envelope check. Tokenize first so we can return a
+    # precise 400 (vs. relying on the parser's "no ISA envelope" error
+    # which is correct but doesn't say "you sent an 835 to the 837
+    # endpoint"). If tokenization itself fails we fall through to the
+    # parser, which raises CycloneParseError → 400 "Parse error" path.
+    try:
+        _segments = _tokenize_segments(text)
+        detected_st = _transaction_set_id_from_segments(_segments) or ""
+    except CycloneParseError:
+        detected_st = ""
+
+    if detected_st and not detected_st.upper().startswith("837"):
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={
+                "error": "Mismatched file kind",
+                "expected": "837p",
+                "detected_st": detected_st,
+                "detail": (
+                    f"File declares ST*{detected_st}* but this endpoint "
+                    f"expects ST*837*. Pick the matching endpoint on the "
+                    f"Upload page (or let auto-detect choose for you)."
+                ),
+            },
+        )
+
+    try:
+        result = parse(text, config, input_file=file.filename or "")
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Parse error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:  # pragma: no cover - safety net
+        log.exception("Unexpected parser failure")
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=500,
+            content={"error": "Internal server error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    # SP35 guard 2: empty-claims check. With the envelope validated, the
+    # only way to land here is a header-only file (real, but useless)
+    # or a file whose CLM loops the parser couldn't extract. Either way
+    # we refuse to persist — a BatchRecord with claims=[] is what the
+    # original bug produced and is never what the operator wanted.
+    if not result.claims:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={
+                "error": "No claims parsed",
+                "detail": (
+                    "The file passed the envelope check but contained no "
+                    "CLM segments. Refusing to persist an empty batch."
+                ),
+            },
+        )
+
+    if strict:
+        result = _strict_rewrite(result)
+    if not include_raw_segments:
+        result = _drop_raw_segments(result)
+
+    if _has_claim_validation_errors(result):
+        # Per spec: 422 when claims failed validation.
+        # Body still includes the full ParseResult so the client can show errors.
+        # Validation-failed parses are NOT persisted (the data is suspect);
+        # only parses that survive validation end up in the store.
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=422,
+            content=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        )
+
+    # Persist the cleaned-up result so the cleaned result is what clients
+    # retrieve via /api/batches/{id}.
+    rec = BatchRecord(
+        id=uuid.uuid4().hex,
+        kind="837p",
+        input_filename=file.filename or "upload.txt",
+        parsed_at=utcnow(),
+        result=result,
+    )
+    try:
+        store.add(rec, event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus)
+    except IntegrityError as exc:
+        # ``(batch_id, patient_control_number)`` is UNIQUE — fires when a
+        # single batch file contains the same CLM01 control number twice,
+        # or when the same claim id has already been ingested in a prior
+        # batch. Surface as 409 with the batch id so the caller can look
+        # it up; do NOT 500 (a 500 without CORS headers is misreported by
+        # browsers as a CORS error and hides the real cause).
+        log.warning("Duplicate claim while persisting batch %s: %s", rec.id, exc)
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=409,
+            content={
+                "error": "Duplicate claim",
+                "detail": (
+                    "This file (or one previously ingested with the same "
+                    "claim control number) collides with an existing "
+                    "record. Inspect the file for duplicate CLM01 "
+                    "control numbers, or remove the existing batch "
+                    "before retrying."
+                ),
+                "batch_id": rec.id,
+            },
+        )
+
+    if _client_wants_json(request):
+        body = json.loads(result.model_dump_json())
+        if ack:
+            ack_body = _build_and_persist_ack(rec.id)
+            if ack_body is not None:
+                body["ack"] = ack_body
+        # Surface the server-side batch id so the frontend can call
+        # /api/batches/{id}/export-837 (and any other batch-scoped
+        # endpoint) without a separate listBatches round-trip.
+        body["batch_id"] = rec.id
+        return JSONResponse(content=body)
+
+    # Default: NDJSON stream. Pass the server-side batch id so the
+    # streaming client (the React Upload page) can call batch-scoped
+    # endpoints like /api/batches/{id}/export-837 without a separate
+    # GET /api/batches round-trip.
+    return StreamingResponse(
+        _ndjson_stream(result, batch_id=rec.id),
+        media_type="application/x-ndjson",
+    )
+
+
+@router.post("/api/parse-835")
+async def parse_835_endpoint(
+    request: Request,
+    file: UploadFile = File(...),
+    payer: str = Query("co_medicaid_835"),
+    include_raw_segments: bool = Query(True),
+    strict: bool = Query(False),
+) -> Any:
+    raw = await file.read()
+    if not raw:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Empty file", "detail": "Uploaded file contained no bytes."},
+        )
+    try:
+        text = raw.decode("utf-8")
+    except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Encoding error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    config = _resolve_payer_835(payer)
+
+    # SP35 guard 1: envelope check. Mirrors the parse-837 path: tokenize,
+    # read ST01, reject anything that doesn't start with "835". Same
+    # defense-in-depth rationale — the UI auto-detect (src/pages/Upload.tsx)
+    # is layer A, but server-side guards protect every API caller.
+    try:
+        _segments_835 = _tokenize_segments(text)
+        detected_st_835 = _transaction_set_id_from_segments(_segments_835) or ""
+    except CycloneParseError:
+        detected_st_835 = ""
+
+    if detected_st_835 and not detected_st_835.upper().startswith("835"):
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={
+                "error": "Mismatched file kind",
+                "expected": "835",
+                "detected_st": detected_st_835,
+                "detail": (
+                    f"File declares ST*{detected_st_835}* but this endpoint "
+                    f"expects ST*835*. Pick the matching endpoint on the "
+                    f"Upload page (or let auto-detect choose for you)."
+                ),
+            },
+        )
+
+    try:
+        result = parse_835(text, config, input_file=file.filename or "")
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Parse error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:  # pragma: no cover - safety net
+        log.exception("Unexpected parser failure")
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=500,
+            content={"error": "Internal server error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    # SP35 guard 2: empty-claims check. Same as parse-837: a BatchRecord
+    # with claims=[] is never a valid production 835 batch and we refuse
+    # to persist it.
+    if not result.claims:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={
+                "error": "No claims parsed",
+                "detail": (
+                    "The file passed the envelope check but contained no "
+                    "CLP segments. Refusing to persist an empty batch."
+                ),
+            },
+        )
+
+    # Always run the validator; attach the report so the JSON path can
+    # surface it and the NDJSON path can fold the counts into the summary.
+    # 835 validation is batch-level, so pass/fail applies uniformly to every
+    # claim payment in the batch (passed=N or 0, failed=0 or N).
+    report = validate_835(result, config)
+    n = len(result.claims)
+    claim_ids = [c.payer_claim_control_number for c in result.claims]
+    if report.passed:
+        passed, failed, failed_claim_ids = n, 0, []
+    else:
+        passed, failed, failed_claim_ids = 0, n, claim_ids
+    result = result.model_copy(update={
+        "validation": report,
+        "summary": result.summary.model_copy(update={
+            "passed": passed,
+            "failed": failed,
+            "failed_claim_ids": failed_claim_ids,
+        }),
+    })
+
+    if strict:
+        result = _strict_rewrite_835(result)
+    if not include_raw_segments:
+        result = _drop_raw_segments_835(result)
+
+    if _has_835_validation_errors(result):
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=422,
+            content=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        )
+
+    # Persist the cleaned-up result so the cleaned result is what clients
+    # retrieve via /api/batches/{id}.
+    rec = BatchRecord(
+        id=uuid.uuid4().hex,
+        kind="835",
+        input_filename=file.filename or "upload.txt",
+        parsed_at=utcnow(),
+        result=result,
+    )
+    try:
+        store.add(rec, event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus)
+    except IntegrityError as exc:
+        log.warning("Duplicate remittance while persisting batch %s: %s", rec.id, exc)
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=409,
+            content={
+                "error": "Duplicate remittance",
+                "detail": (
+                    "This 835 file (or one previously ingested with the "
+                    "same payer claim control number) collides with an "
+                    "existing record. Remove the existing remittance "
+                    "before retrying."
+                ),
+                "batch_id": rec.id,
+            },
+        )
+
+    if _client_wants_json(request):
+        body = json.loads(result.model_dump_json())
+        body["reconciliation"] = _reconciliation_summary_for_batch(rec.id)
+        return JSONResponse(content=body)
+
+    # Default: NDJSON stream. Pass the server-side batch id so the
+    # streaming client can call batch-scoped endpoints without a
+    # separate GET /api/batches round-trip (see /api/parse-837 for the
+    # parallel change).
+    return StreamingResponse(
+        _ndjson_stream_835(result, batch_id=rec.id),
+        media_type="application/x-ndjson",
+    )
+
+
+@router.post("/api/parse-999")
+async def parse_999_endpoint(
+    request: Request,
+    file: UploadFile = File(...),
+) -> Any:
+    """Parse a 999 ACK file, persist a row, and return JSON.
+
+    Behavior mirrors ``/api/parse-835``:
+    - 400 on empty / undecodable / malformed EDI (never 500).
+    - 200 on success with ``{"ack": {id, accepted_count, rejected_count,
+      received_count, ack_code, raw_999_text}, "parsed": <ParseResult999>}``.
+
+    The persisted ``acks.source_batch_id`` is a synthetic id
+    (``999-<ISA13>``) because a received 999 has no inbound 837 batch
+    to FK to. The dashboard's `/acks` list surfaces these; operators
+    can still see which interchange each row came from.
+    """
+    raw = await file.read()
+    if not raw:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Empty file", "detail": "Uploaded file contained no bytes."},
+        )
+    try:
+        text = raw.decode("utf-8")
+    except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Encoding error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    try:
+        result = parse_999_text(text, input_file=file.filename or "")
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Parse error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:  # pragma: no cover - safety net
+        log.exception("Unexpected parser failure on 999")
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=500,
+            content={"error": "Internal server error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    received, accepted, rejected, ack_code = _ack_count_summary(result)
+    icn = result.envelope.control_number
+    synthetic_id = _ack_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn)
+
+    # Build the raw 999 text from the parsed result (round-trip).
+    raw_999_text = serialize_999(result, interchange_control_number=icn or "000000001")
+
+    # SP6 T4: move claims whose 999 set was rejected into ClaimState.REJECTED.
+    # The 999's set_control_number (AK202) is the source 837's ST02; in
+    # practice we look it up against patient_control_number because that's
+    # the field 999 ACKs cross-reference in this product.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        def _lookup(pcn: str):
+            return session.query(Claim).filter_by(patient_control_number=pcn).first()
+        _rejection_result = apply_999_rejections(
+            session, result, claim_lookup=_lookup,
+        )
+    if _rejection_result.matched:
+        bus = request.app.state.event_bus
+        for cid in _rejection_result.matched:
+            await bus.publish("claim.rejected", {"claim_id": cid})
+    if _rejection_result.orphans:
+        log.warning(
+            "999 had %d orphan set refs: %s",
+            len(_rejection_result.orphans),
+            _rejection_result.orphans[:5],
+        )
+
+    row = store.add_ack(
+        source_batch_id=synthetic_id,
+        accepted_count=accepted,
+        rejected_count=rejected,
+        received_count=received,
+        ack_code=ack_code,
+        raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus,
+    )
+
+    # SP11: append one audit row per rejected claim. Each row chains
+    # to the previous one — see cyclone.audit_log.
+    if _rejection_result.matched:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as audit_s:
+            for cid in _rejection_result.matched:
+                append_event(audit_s, AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="claim.rejected",
+                    entity_type="claim",
+                    entity_id=cid,
+                    payload={"source_batch_id": synthetic_id, "ack_id": row.id},
+                    actor="999-parser",
+                    user_id=_actor_user_id(request),
+                ))
+            audit_s.commit()
+
+    # SP28: auto-link the 999 AK2 set-responses to claims via the
+    # D10 two-pass join (ST02 via batch envelope index primary,
+    # Claim.patient_control_number fallback). Each created ClaimAck
+    # row publishes claim_ack_written so the live-tail subscribers
+    # on the claim and ack side see the link immediately.
+    claim_ack_links_count = 0
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as link_s:
+        batch_index = store.batch_envelope_index()
+
+        def _pcn_lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                link_s.query(Claim)
+                .filter(Claim.patient_control_number == pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+
+        link_result = _apply_999_acceptances(
+            link_s, result, ack_id=row.id,
+            batch_envelope_index=batch_index,
+            pc_claim_lookup=_pcn_lookup,
+        )
+        for link_row in link_result.linked:
+            store.add_claim_ack(
+                claim_id=link_row.claim_id,
+                batch_id=link_row.batch_id,
+                ack_id=row.id,
+                ack_kind="999",
+                ak2_index=link_row.ak2_index,
+                set_control_number=link_row.set_control_number,
+                set_accept_reject_code=link_row.set_accept_reject_code,
+                linked_by="auto",
+                event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus,
+            )
+            claim_ack_links_count += 1
+
+    return JSONResponse(content={
+        "ack": {
+            "id": row.id,
+            "accepted_count": accepted,
+            "rejected_count": rejected,
+            "received_count": received,
+            "ack_code": ack_code,
+            "source_batch_id": synthetic_id,
+            "raw_999_text": raw_999_text,
+            "claim_ack_links_count": claim_ack_links_count,
+        },
+        "parsed": json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+    })
+
+
+@router.post("/api/parse-ta1")
+async def parse_ta1_endpoint(
+    request: Request,
+    file: UploadFile = File(...),
+) -> Any:
+    """Parse a TA1 (Interchange Acknowledgment) file, persist a row, return JSON.
+
+    Mirrors ``/api/parse-999`` but for the lower-level envelope ack:
+      - 400 on empty / undecodable / malformed EDI (never 500).
+      - 200 on success with ``{"ta1": {id, control_number, ack_code,
+        note_code, interchange_date, interchange_time, sender_id,
+        receiver_id, source_batch_id, raw_ta1_text}, "parsed":
+        <ParseResultTa1>}``.
+
+    The persisted ``ta1_acks.source_batch_id`` is a synthetic id
+    (``TA1-<ISA13>``) because a received TA1 has no inbound batch to
+    FK to. The dashboard's ``/ta1-acks`` list surfaces these.
+
+    SP25: threads ``event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus`` into
+    ``store.add_ta1_ack`` so the live-tail ``ta1_ack_received``
+    stream fires on manual uploads (not just on the SFTP poller).
+    """
+    raw = await file.read()
+    if not raw:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Empty file", "detail": "Uploaded file contained no bytes."},
+        )
+    try:
+        text = raw.decode("utf-8")
+    except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Encoding error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    try:
+        result = parse_ta1_text(text, input_file=file.filename or "")
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Parse error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:  # pragma: no cover - safety net
+        log.exception("Unexpected parser failure on TA1")
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=500,
+            content={"error": "Internal server error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    # Build the raw TA1 text from the parsed result (round-trip).
+    raw_ta1_text = _serialize_ta1(result)
+
+    row = store.add_ta1_ack(
+        source_batch_id=result.source_batch_id,
+        control_number=result.ta1.control_number,
+        interchange_date=result.ta1.interchange_date,
+        interchange_time=result.ta1.interchange_time,
+        ack_code=result.ta1.ack_code,
+        note_code=result.ta1.note_code,
+        ack_generated_date=result.ta1.ack_generated_date,
+        sender_id=result.envelope.sender_id,
+        receiver_id=result.envelope.receiver_id,
+        raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus,
+    )
+
+    # SP28: TA1 envelope-level link to the originating Batch. The
+    # closure here matches the most-recent Batch whose envelope
+    # sender_id/receiver_id matches the TA1 — see spec §D4.
+    claim_ack_links_count = 0
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as link_s:
+        def _batch_lookup(sender_id, receiver_id):
+            rows = (
+                link_s.query(Batch)
+                .filter(
+                    Batch.kind == "837p",
+                    Batch.raw_result_json.isnot(None),
+                )
+                .order_by(Batch.parsed_at.desc())
+                .all()
+            )
+            for row in rows:
+                env = (row.raw_result_json or {}).get("envelope") or {}
+                if (
+                    env.get("sender_id") == sender_id
+                    and env.get("receiver_id") == receiver_id
+                ):
+                    return row
+            return None
+
+        link_result = _apply_ta1_envelope_link(
+            link_s, result, ack_id=row.id,
+            batch_lookup=_batch_lookup,
+        )
+        for link_row in link_result.linked:
+            store.add_claim_ack(
+                claim_id=link_row.claim_id,
+                batch_id=link_row.batch_id,
+                ack_id=row.id,
+                ack_kind="ta1",
+                ak2_index=link_row.ak2_index,
+                set_control_number=link_row.set_control_number,
+                set_accept_reject_code=link_row.set_accept_reject_code,
+                linked_by="auto",
+                event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus,
+            )
+            claim_ack_links_count += 1
+
+    return JSONResponse(content={
+        "ta1": {
+            "id": row.id,
+            "control_number": result.ta1.control_number,
+            "ack_code": result.ta1.ack_code,
+            "note_code": result.ta1.note_code,
+            "interchange_date": result.ta1.interchange_date.isoformat()
+                if result.ta1.interchange_date else None,
+            "interchange_time": result.ta1.interchange_time,
+            "sender_id": result.envelope.sender_id,
+            "receiver_id": result.envelope.receiver_id,
+            "source_batch_id": result.source_batch_id,
+            "raw_ta1_text": raw_ta1_text,
+            "claim_ack_links_count": claim_ack_links_count,
+        },
+        "parsed": json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+    })
+
+
+@router.post("/api/parse-277ca")
+async def parse_277ca_endpoint(
+    request: Request,
+    file: UploadFile = File(...),
+) -> Any:
+    """Parse a 277CA Claim Acknowledgment file, persist a row, and stamp rejections.
+
+    Behavior mirrors ``/api/parse-999``:
+    - 400 on empty / undecodable / malformed EDI (never 500).
+    - 200 on success with ``{"ack": {id, control_number, accepted_count,
+      rejected_count, payer_claim_control_numbers, raw_277ca_text},
+      "parsed": <ParseResult277CA>}``.
+
+    After parse, runs :func:`apply_277ca_rejections` to stamp the
+    payer-rejected fields on each matching claim row. The Inbox
+    Payer-Rejected lane lights up as a side-effect of this call.
+    """
+    raw = await file.read()
+    if not raw:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Empty file", "detail": "Uploaded file contained no bytes."},
+        )
+    try:
+        text = raw.decode("utf-8")
+    except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Encoding error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    try:
+        result = parse_277ca_text(text, input_file=file.filename or "")
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=400,
+            content={"error": "Parse error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+    except Exception as exc:  # pragma: no cover - safety net
+        log.exception("Unexpected parser failure on 277CA")
+        return JSONResponse(
+            status_code=500,
+            content={"error": "Internal server error", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    icn = result.envelope.control_number
+    synthetic_id = _277ca_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn)
+
+    accepted = sum(1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "accepted")
+    paid = sum(1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "paid")
+    rejected = sum(1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "rejected")
+    pended = sum(1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "pended")
+
+    # Persist the 277CA row first so we have an id to attach to claims.
+    # SP25: thread the event bus so ``two77ca_ack_received`` fires.
+    row = store.add_277ca_ack(
+        source_batch_id=synthetic_id,
+        control_number=icn,
+        accepted_count=accepted,
+        rejected_count=rejected,
+        paid_count=paid,
+        pended_count=pended,
+        raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus,
+    )
+
+    # Stamp payer-rejection fields on matching claims. The 277CA's
+    # REF*1K carries the patient's claim control number we sent in
+    # CLM01 — same convention the 999 ACK uses, so the lookup hits
+    # Claim.patient_control_number (mirrors apply_999_rejections).
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        def _lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                session.query(Claim)
+                .filter(Claim.patient_control_number == pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+        apply_result = apply_277ca_rejections(
+            session, result, claim_lookup=_lookup, two77ca_id=row.id,
+        )
+    if apply_result.matched:
+        bus = request.app.state.event_bus
+        for cid in apply_result.matched:
+            await bus.publish("claim.payer_rejected", {"claim_id": cid})
+        # SP11: audit trail for each payer-rejected claim.
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as audit_s:
+            for cid in apply_result.matched:
+                append_event(audit_s, AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="claim.payer_rejected",
+                    entity_type="claim",
+                    entity_id=cid,
+                    payload={
+                        "source_batch_id": synthetic_id,
+                        "277ca_id": row.id,
+                    },
+                    actor="277ca-parser",
+                    user_id=_actor_user_id(request),
+                ))
+            audit_s.commit()
+    if apply_result.orphans:
+        log.warning(
+            "277CA had %d orphan status entries (no matching claim): %s",
+            len(apply_result.orphans),
+            apply_result.orphans[:5],
+        )
+
+    # SP28: auto-link the 277CA ClaimStatus entries to claims via
+    # the D10 two-pass join. Each ClaimAck row publishes
+    # claim_ack_written so the live-tail subscribers on the claim
+    # and ack side see the link immediately.
+    claim_ack_links_count = 0
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as link_s:
+        batch_index = store.batch_envelope_index()
+
+        def _pcn_lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                link_s.query(Claim)
+                .filter(Claim.patient_control_number == pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+
+        link_result = _apply_277ca_acks(
+            link_s, result, ack_id=row.id,
+            batch_envelope_index=batch_index,
+            pc_claim_lookup=_pcn_lookup,
+        )
+        for link_row in link_result.linked:
+            store.add_claim_ack(
+                claim_id=link_row.claim_id,
+                batch_id=link_row.batch_id,
+                ack_id=row.id,
+                ack_kind="277ca",
+                ak2_index=link_row.ak2_index,
+                set_control_number=link_row.set_control_number,
+                set_accept_reject_code=link_row.set_accept_reject_code,
+                linked_by="auto",
+                event_bus=request.app.state.event_bus,
+            )
+            claim_ack_links_count += 1
+
+    return JSONResponse(content={
+        "ack": {
+            "id": row.id,
+            "control_number": icn,
+            "accepted_count": accepted,
+            "rejected_count": rejected,
+            "paid_count": paid,
+            "pended_count": pended,
+            "source_batch_id": synthetic_id,
+            "matched_claim_ids": apply_result.matched,
+            "orphan_status_codes": apply_result.orphans,
+            "claim_ack_links_count": claim_ack_links_count,
+        },
+        "parsed": json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+    })

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/payers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+"""``GET /api/payers/{payer_id}/summary`` — payer-level rollup for the drill-down panel.
+
+Returns billed/received totals, denial rate, and the top providers for
+a given ``payer_id`` (the X12 NM1*PR*PI qualifier, e.g. ``SKCO0``).
+Cached in-process for ``_SUMMARY_TTL_S`` seconds via a per-payer_id
+memo. The drill-down UI hammers this on every hover; the underlying
+query is O(claims) per payer, so the TTL keeps the panel responsive.
+
+Pubsub invalidation is intentionally NOT wired (see the long comment
+in the body). The 60s TTL keeps staleness bounded; a follow-up can
+wire targeted invalidation if the UI proves TTL-bounded staleness is
+unacceptable.
+
+404 when no claims AND no remits reference this payer_id — the UI
+uses that to distinguish a typo from a payer with zero traffic (the
+latter would still return a valid 200 with zeroed totals).
+
+SP36 Task 6: this block moved here from ``api.py:3188`` (the
+``SP21 Task 1.5: payer-level summary`` divider).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from time import monotonic
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.db import Claim, ClaimState, Remittance
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+# Per-payer_id memoization for /api/payers/{payer_id}/summary. The drill-
+# down UI hammers this on every hover; the underlying query is O(claims)
+# per payer so a 60s TTL keeps the panel responsive. Process-local on
+# purpose — invalidation is driven by the TTL alone for now (see note
+# below).
+_SUMMARY_TTL_S = 60.0
+_summary_cache: dict[str, tuple[float, dict]] = {}
+
+
+def _clear_summary_cache() -> None:
+    """Test hook: wipe the process-local cache.
+
+    The 60s TTL means tests that want to assert on a recomputed payload
+    must clear the cache between requests. Not used by production code.
+    """
+    _summary_cache.clear()
+
+
+# Pubsub invalidation is intentionally NOT wired. The ``claim_written``
+# and ``remittance_written`` payloads emitted by ``store.add`` are the
+# UI-shaped dicts from ``to_ui_claim_from_orm`` / ``to_ui_remittance_from_orm``,
+# neither of which carries the X12 ``payer_id`` (NM1*PR*PI qualifier).
+# They carry ``payerName`` only, which is the human-readable name and not
+# the URL key we cache on. Wiring a subscriber here would either need a
+# DB lookup per event (re-deriving payer_id from Claim.id) or a different
+# cache key — both are out of scope for this task. The 60s TTL keeps
+# staleness bounded; a follow-up can wire targeted invalidation if the
+# UI proves TTL-bounded staleness is unacceptable.
+
+
+@router.get("/api/payers/{payer_id}/summary")
+def get_payer_summary(payer_id: str):
+    """Payer-level rollup for the drill-down panel.
+
+    Returns billed/received totals, denial rate, and top providers for
+    the given ``payer_id`` (the X12 NM1*PR*PI qualifier, e.g. ``SKCO0``).
+    Cached in-process for ``_SUMMARY_TTL_S`` seconds.
+
+    404 when no claims AND no remits reference this payer_id — the UI
+    uses that to distinguish a typo from a payer with zero traffic
+    (the latter would still return a valid 200 with zeroed totals).
+    """
+    now = monotonic()
+    cached = _summary_cache.get(payer_id)
+    if cached and (now - cached[0]) < _SUMMARY_TTL_S:
+        return cached[1]
+
+    log.debug("payer summary cache miss", extra={"payer_id": payer_id})
+
+    # Query claims + remits scoped to this payer_id. We bypass
+    # ``store.iter_claims`` because that helper filters by payer NAME
+    # substring, not by the X12 PI qualifier we use as the URL key.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim_rows: list[Claim] = (
+            s.query(Claim).filter(Claim.payer_id == payer_id).all()
+        )
+        claim_ids = [c.id for c in claim_rows]
+        remit_rows: list[Remittance] = []
+        if claim_ids:
+            remit_rows = (
+                s.query(Remittance)
+                .filter(Remittance.claim_id.in_(claim_ids))
+                .all()
+            )
+
+        if not claim_rows and not remit_rows:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=404,
+                detail=f"Payer {payer_id!r} not found",
+            )
+
+        billed_total = sum(float(c.charge_amount or 0) for c in claim_rows)
+        received_total = sum(float(r.total_paid or 0) for r in remit_rows)
+        denied = sum(
+            1 for c in claim_rows if c.state == ClaimState.DENIED
+        )
+        claim_count = len(claim_rows)
+        denial_rate = (denied / claim_count) if claim_count else 0.0
+
+        provider_counts: dict[str, int] = {}
+        for c in claim_rows:
+            npi = c.provider_npi
+            if not npi:
+                continue
+            provider_counts[npi] = provider_counts.get(npi, 0) + 1
+        top_providers = [
+            {"npi": npi, "count": count}
+            for npi, count in sorted(
+                provider_counts.items(), key=lambda kv: -kv[1]
+            )[:5]
+        ]
+
+        # Best-effort payer display name from the first claim's raw
+        # payer object (NM1*PR name element, e.g. "COHCPF"). Falls
+        # back to the id when no parsed envelope is available.
+        payer_name = payer_id
+        for c in claim_rows:
+            raw = c.raw_json or {}
+            p = raw.get("payer") if isinstance(raw, dict) else None
+            if isinstance(p, dict) and p.get("name"):
+                payer_name = p["name"]
+                break
+
+    payload = {
+        "payer_id": payer_id,
+        "name": payer_name,
+        "claim_count": claim_count,
+        "billed_total": billed_total,
+        "received_total": received_total,
+        "denial_rate": denial_rate,
+        "top_providers": top_providers,
+    }
+    _summary_cache[payer_id] = (now, payload)
+    return payload

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/providers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+"""``/api/providers`` and ``/api/config/providers*`` — read views over providers.
+
+Three endpoints across two URL prefixes, all gated by ``matrix_gate``:
+
+- ``GET /api/providers``                  — distinct provider list
+  derived from the Claims population (``store.distinct_providers()``),
+  with ``npi`` / ``state`` filters, pagination, and an NDJSON variant.
+- ``GET /api/config/providers``           — the configured provider
+  rows (3 NPIs for SP9), filtered by ``is_active``.
+- ``GET /api/config/providers/{npi}``     — one configured provider
+  plus a small drill-down block: ``recent_claims`` (top-10 by
+  ``submissionDate``) and ``recent_activity`` (top-10, joined via
+  ``Claim.id`` because ``ActivityEvent`` has no ``provider_npi``
+  column; the outer-join via ``Remittance.claim_id`` surfaces the
+  orphan ``remit_received`` events that were recorded pre-match).
+
+SP36 Task 12: this block moved here from ``api.py:2448`` (the
+``/api/providers`` list, the ``/api/config/providers`` list, and
+the ``/api/config/providers/{npi}`` detail) — three URL prefixes,
+one router per spec.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+from sqlalchemy import desc, or_
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.api_helpers import (
+    ndjson_stream_list as _ndjson_stream_list,
+    wants_ndjson as _wants_ndjson,
+)
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.db import Claim, Remittance
+from cyclone.store import store
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/providers")
+def list_providers(
+    request: Request,
+    npi: str | None = Query(None),
+    state: str | None = Query(None),
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+    offset: int = Query(0, ge=0),
+) -> Any:
+    items = store.distinct_providers()
+    if npi is not None:
+        items = [p for p in items if p["npi"] == npi]
+    if state is not None:
+        items = [p for p in items if p.get("state") == state]
+    paged = items[offset:offset + limit]
+    total = len(items)
+    returned = len(paged)
+    has_more = total > offset + returned
+    if _wants_ndjson(request):
+        return StreamingResponse(
+            _ndjson_stream_list(paged, total, returned, has_more),
+            media_type="application/x-ndjson",
+        )
+    return {
+        "items": paged,
+        "total": total,
+        "returned": returned,
+        "has_more": has_more,
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/config/providers")
+def list_configured_providers(is_active: bool | None = Query(default=True)):
+    """List the configured provider rows (3 NPIs for SP9)."""
+    return [json.loads(p.model_dump_json()) for p in store.list_providers(is_active=is_active)]
+
+
+@router.get("/api/config/providers/{npi}")
+def get_configured_provider(npi: str):
+    p = store.get_provider(npi)
+    if p is None:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"provider {npi!r} not found")
+    provider_dict = json.loads(p.model_dump_json())
+
+    # SP21 Task 1.6: extend the response with two top-N arrays that the
+    # drill-down peek panel hangs off. ``recent_claims`` reuses the
+    # existing store projection (already returns UI-shaped dicts with
+    # ``submissionDate``); ``recent_activity`` is a direct ORM join
+    # because ``ActivityEvent`` has no ``provider_npi`` column — the
+    # filter has to hop through ``Claim.id``.
+    recent_claims = sorted(
+        store.iter_claims(provider_npi=npi),
+        key=lambda c: c.get("submissionDate") or "",
+        reverse=True,
+    )[:10]
+
+    # Activity filter has TWO join paths back to a Claim for this
+    # provider:
+    #   1. ``ActivityEvent.claim_id IN (claim_ids)`` — events that were
+    #      recorded with a claim FK already set (claim_submitted,
+    #      manual_match, claim_paid, etc.).
+    #   2. ``Remittance.claim_id IN (claim_ids)`` — the original
+    #      ``remit_received`` event recorded at 835 ingest time
+    #      (``store.add`` lines 999-1003) is inserted with
+    #      ``claim_id=None`` because the remittance hasn't been matched
+    #      to a claim yet. The auto-reconcile pass later sets
+    #      ``Remittance.claim_id`` (``reconcile.run`` lines 289-293),
+    #      but the *original* ActivityEvent row stays orphaned. The
+    #      outer-join-then-OR lets us surface both shapes. Without
+    #      path 2, a provider's activity feed looks frozen the moment
+    #      an 835 lands — the most common activity, invisible.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim_ids = [
+            cid
+            for (cid,) in s.query(Claim.id)
+            .filter(Claim.provider_npi == npi)
+            .all()
+        ]
+        activity_rows = []
+        if claim_ids:
+            activity_rows = (
+                s.query(db.ActivityEvent)
+                .outerjoin(
+                    Remittance,
+                    db.ActivityEvent.remittance_id == Remittance.id,
+                )
+                .filter(or_(
+                    db.ActivityEvent.claim_id.in_(claim_ids),
+                    Remittance.claim_id.in_(claim_ids),
+                ))
+                .order_by(desc(db.ActivityEvent.ts))
+                .limit(10)
+                .all()
+            )
+
+    def _activity_to_ui(a):
+        return {
+            "id": a.id,
+            "ts": a.ts.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z") if a.ts else "",
+            "kind": a.kind,
+            "batchId": a.batch_id,
+            "claimId": a.claim_id,
+            "remittanceId": a.remittance_id,
+            "payload": a.payload_json or {},
+        }
+
+    provider_dict["recent_claims"] = recent_claims
+    provider_dict["recent_activity"] = [_activity_to_ui(a) for a in activity_rows]
+    return provider_dict

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/reconciliation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+"""Reconciliation read views + manual match/unmatch write paths.
+
+Four endpoints:
+
+- ``GET  /api/reconciliation/unmatched`` — list of unmatched Claims
+  and unmatched Remittances (``store.list_unmatched(kind="both")``).
+- ``GET  /api/batch-diff``             — side-by-side diff of two
+  batches (used by the Batch Diff page). Lazy-imports
+  :func:`cyclone.batch_diff.diff_batches_to_wire` to keep the
+  module's import surface small until the endpoint is actually
+  hit.
+- ``POST /api/reconciliation/match``   — manually pair a Claim with
+  a Remittance (``store.manual_match``). Surfaces ``AlreadyMatchedError`` /
+  ``InvalidStateError`` as 409, and ``LookupError`` from the store
+  as 404 (``claim_or_remit_not_found``).
+- ``POST /api/reconciliation/unmatch`` — unpair a Claim (``store.manual_unmatch``).
+  Surfaces ``NotMatchedError`` as 409.
+
+All four are read-or-manual-override surfaces used by the
+Reconciliation page (the page that pairs Claims with Remittances
+when neither side has an automatic match key).
+
+SP36 Task 8: this block moved here from ``api.py:2450`` (the
+4 routes interleaved with a side-by-side batch-diff divider).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
+
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.store import (
+    AlreadyMatchedError,
+    InvalidStateError,
+    store,
+)
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/reconciliation/unmatched")
+def get_reconciliation_unmatched() -> dict:
+    """Return unmatched Claims (left) and unmatched Remittances (right).
+
+    Powers the reconciliation review surface: every Claim with no
+    paired Remittance appears on the left, every Remittance with no
+    paired Claim appears on the right. The two lists are always present
+    (empty list, never absent) so the UI can index unconditionally.
+    """
+    return store.list_unmatched(kind="both")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Side-by-side diff between two batches (SP3 P4 / T18)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@router.get("/api/batch-diff")
+def get_batch_diff(
+    a: str | None = Query(None),
+    b: str | None = Query(None),
+) -> dict:
+    """Return a side-by-side diff of two batches identified by id.
+
+    Query params: ``a=<batch_id>``, ``b=<batch_id>`` (both required).
+
+    Response body (snake_case keys, see :mod:`cyclone.batch_diff` for the
+    projector shapes):
+      - ``a`` / ``b`` — small metadata blocks (id, kind, parsedAt,
+        inputFilename, claimCount)
+      - ``added`` — claims present in B but not A
+      - ``removed`` — claims present in A but not B
+      - ``changed`` — claims present in both, with field deltas
+      - ``summary`` — precomputed counts
+
+    Errors:
+      - 400 — missing ``a`` or ``b``
+      - 404 — either batch id is unknown
+
+    Pure read endpoint — never mutates the store. Both 837P and 835
+    batches are accepted (mixed-kind diffs are valid: comparing the
+    submitted claims against the matching remittances).
+    """
+    if not a or not b:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail={"error": "Missing param", "detail": "Both ?a=<batch_id> and ?b=<batch_id> are required."},
+        )
+    try:
+        a_rec, b_rec = store.load_two_for_diff(a, b)
+    except LookupError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail={"error": "Not found", "detail": str(exc)},
+        )
+
+    # Lazy import — keeps the module's import surface small until the
+    # endpoint is actually hit. Mirrors the same pattern used by other
+    # endpoint-local helpers (e.g. reconciler).
+    from cyclone.batch_diff import diff_batches_to_wire
+
+    return diff_batches_to_wire(a_rec, b_rec)
+
+
+@router.post("/api/reconciliation/match")
+def post_reconciliation_match(body: dict) -> dict:
+    """Manually pair a Claim with a Remittance (operator override).
+
+    Body: ``{"claim_id": ..., "remit_id": ...}``. Returns
+    ``{"claim": <ui>, "match": <ui>}`` on success. Errors:
+      - 400: missing ``claim_id`` or ``remit_id``
+      - 404: claim or remittance not found
+      - 409: claim already matched, or apply_* returned a noop
+        (claim in terminal state) — detail echoes ``current_state``
+        and ``activity_kind`` so the UI can render a precise message.
+    """
+    claim_id = body.get("claim_id")
+    remit_id = body.get("remit_id")
+    if not claim_id or not remit_id:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail="claim_id and remit_id required",
+        )
+    try:
+        return store.manual_match(claim_id, remit_id)
+    except AlreadyMatchedError as e:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=409,
+            detail={"error": "already_matched", "message": str(e)},
+        )
+    except InvalidStateError as e:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=409,
+            detail={
+                "error": "invalid_state",
+                "current_state": e.current_state,
+                "activity_kind": e.activity_kind,
+            },
+        )
+    except LookupError:
+        # manual_match raises LookupError when the claim or remittance
+        # row is missing (we catch the parent class so any future
+        # KeyError subclasses in the store get the same treatment).
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail="claim_or_remit_not_found",
+        )
+
+
+@router.post("/api/reconciliation/unmatch")
+def post_reconciliation_unmatch(body: dict) -> dict:
+    """Remove the current match for a Claim; reset Claim to submitted.
+
+    Body: ``{"claim_id": ...}``. Returns
+    ``{"claim": <ui>, "deletedMatches": <count>}``. Errors:
+      - 400: missing ``claim_id``
+      - 404: claim not found
+      - 409: claim has no current match (NotMatchedError is mapped
+        by the store; we surface 409 to match the manual_match contract)
+    """
+    from cyclone.store import NotMatchedError
+    claim_id = body.get("claim_id")
+    if not claim_id:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail="claim_id required",
+        )
+    try:
+        return store.manual_unmatch(claim_id)
+    except NotMatchedError as e:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=409,
+            detail={"error": "not_matched", "message": str(e)},
+        )
+    except LookupError:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail="claim_not_found",
+        )

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/remittances.py

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+"""``/api/remittances`` and ``/api/remittances/stream`` — read views over the Remittance population.
+
+Four endpoints, all gated by ``matrix_gate``:
+
+- ``GET /api/remittances``                — paginated list with filter+sort,
+  plus an NDJSON variant when the caller sends ``Accept: application/x-ndjson``.
+- ``GET /api/remittances/summary``        — server-aggregated KPI tiles
+  (``count``, ``total_paid``, ``total_adjustments``) over the full
+  filtered population — never a page-limited sample (SP27 fix).
+- ``GET /api/remittances/stream``         — NDJSON live-tail: snapshot
+  of currently-known rows, then ``remittance_written`` events as
+  they hit the store. Subscribed to by the Remittances page.
+- ``GET /api/remittances/{remittance_id}`` — one remittance with its
+  labeled CAS ``adjustments`` array. 404 on missing id (never 500).
+
+``/api/remittances/stream`` is registered before
+``/api/remittances/{remittance_id}`` so the literal ``stream`` path
+segment is not captured as a remittance id.
+
+SP36 Task 9: this block moved here from ``api.py:2448`` (the 4
+``/api/remittances*`` routes, with the streaming route's
+``NOTE: registered before…`` comment preserved verbatim).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, AsyncIterator
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+
+from cyclone.api_helpers import (
+    ndjson_line as _ndjson_line,
+    ndjson_stream_list as _ndjson_stream_list,
+    tail_events as _tail_events,
+    wants_ndjson as _wants_ndjson,
+)
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+from cyclone.store import store
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
+
+
+@router.get("/api/remittances")
+def list_remittances(
+    request: Request,
+    batch_id: str | None = Query(None),
+    payer: str | None = Query(None),
+    claim_id: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_from: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_to: str | None = Query(None),
+    sort: str | None = Query(None),
+    order: str = Query("desc"),
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+    offset: int = Query(0, ge=0),
+) -> Any:
+    common = dict(
+        batch_id=batch_id,
+        payer=payer,
+        claim_id=claim_id,
+        date_from=date_from,
+        date_to=date_to,
+    )
+    items = list(store.iter_remittances(
+        sort=sort, order=order, limit=limit, offset=offset, **common,
+    ))
+    # SP27 Task 13b: count the full population, not a 100-row sample.
+    # See the matching note in list_claims — same silent-failure pattern.
+    total = store.count_remittances(**common)
+    returned = len(items)
+    has_more = total > offset + returned
+    if _wants_ndjson(request):
+        return StreamingResponse(
+            _ndjson_stream_list(items, total, returned, has_more),
+            media_type="application/x-ndjson",
+        )
+    return {
+        "items": items,
+        "total": total,
+        "returned": returned,
+        "has_more": has_more,
+    }
+
+
+@router.get("/api/remittances/summary")
+def remittances_summary(
+    batch_id: str | None = Query(None),
+    payer: str | None = Query(None),
+    claim_id: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_from: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_to: str | None = Query(None),
+) -> dict:
+    """Server-aggregated KPI tiles for the Remittances page.
+
+    Returns ``{count, total_paid, total_adjustments}`` over the
+    full filtered remittance population — NOT a page-limited
+    sample. The Remittances page consumes this for its "Total paid"
+    and "Adjustments" tiles so they can't silently understate the
+    true DB population the way a page-local ``items.reduce(...)``
+    would. Mirrors the silent-incompleteness fix that
+    ``/api/dashboard/kpis`` (commit ``59c3275``) and
+    ``/api/remittances`` (commit ``d81b6ed``) made for their tiles.
+
+    Same filter parameters as ``/api/remittances``. Always returns
+    a populated dict (``{"count": 0, "total_paid": 0,
+    "total_adjustments": 0}`` when no rows match) so the frontend
+    can render the tiles directly without a loading-vs-empty
+    branch.
+    """
+    return store.summarize_remittances(
+        batch_id=batch_id, payer=payer, claim_id=claim_id,
+        date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/api/remittances/stream")
+async def remittances_stream(
+    request: Request,
+    payer: str | None = Query(None),
+    claim_id: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_from: str | None = Query(None),
+    date_to: str | None = Query(None),
+    sort: str | None = Query(None),
+    order: str = Query("desc"),
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    """Stream Remittances as NDJSON: snapshot first, then live events.
+
+    Subscribes to ``remittance_written``. Default sort is
+    ``-received_date`` (newest-first), matching the list endpoint's
+    most common sort.
+
+    NOTE: registered before ``/api/remittances/{remittance_id}`` so
+    the literal ``stream`` path segment doesn't get matched as a
+    remittance id.
+    """
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        rows = store.iter_remittances(
+            payer=payer, claim_id=claim_id,
+            date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+            sort=sort or "-received_date", order=order, limit=limit,
+        )
+        for row in rows:
+            yield _ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": row})
+        yield _ndjson_line({"type": "snapshot_end", "data": {"count": len(rows)}})
+
+        async for chunk in _tail_events(request, bus, ["remittance_written"]):
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")
+
+
+@router.get("/api/remittances/{remittance_id}")
+def get_remittance(remittance_id: str) -> dict:
+    """Return one remittance with its labeled CAS ``adjustments`` array.
+
+    Path param is ``remittance_id`` (not ``id``) to avoid shadowing
+    FastAPI's internal ``id`` name and to keep OpenAPI docs self-
+    describing. Returns 404 when the remittance is missing — never 500.
+    """
+    body = store.get_remittance(remittance_id)
+    if body is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail={"error": "Not found", "detail": f"Remittance {remittance_id} not found"},
+        )
+    return body

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/submission.py

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+"""SP37 Task 6: HTTP endpoint for the canonical submit-batch flow.
+
+Thin wrapper around ``cyclone.submission.submit_file`` — same logic as
+the ``cyclone submit-batch`` CLI (SP37 Task 5), just framed as JSON in
+/ JSON out and gated by ``matrix_gate``. The walker pattern, ``._*``
+AppleDouble skip, ``limit`` semantics, and per-file outcomes all match
+the CLI byte-for-byte so a batch run via the CLI and the same batch
+run via this endpoint produce identical DB + SFTP state.
+
+The endpoint deliberately does NOT inject an ``sftp_client_factory``:
+``submit_file`` defaults to its paramiko-based factory so SKIPPED is
+reachable in production (the ``SftpClient`` wrapper has no ``stat()``).
+Tests monkey-patch ``cyclone.api_routers.submission.submit_file``
+itself; that avoids the paramiko factory entirely without touching
+the helper's contract.
+
+Status code contract (per Task 6 spec §4):
+  - 200: completed run. Per-file failures live in the JSON body.
+  - 401: not authenticated (matrix_gate).
+  - 404: no clearhouse seeded (config-level "missing" → 4xx, not 5xx).
+  - 409: clearhouse SFTP block is in stub mode (refuses to upload).
+  - 422: ``ingest_dir`` missing on disk OR Pydantic body validation
+    failed (missing fields, wrong types).
+  - 5xx: truly unexpected exceptions propagate (do not swallow).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
+
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
+from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+from cyclone.submission.core import submit_file
+from cyclone.submission.result import SubmitOutcome, SubmitResult
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# No `prefix=` here — every other gated router in this package declares
+# the full path in the decorator (clearhouse.py uses "/api/clearhouse",
+# parse.py uses "/api/parse-837", etc.). The decorator sets the full URL.
+router = APIRouter(
+    tags=["submission"],
+    dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)],
+)
+
+
+class SubmitBatchRequest(BaseModel):
+    """Body schema for ``POST /api/submit-batch``.
+
+    ``ingest_dir`` has no default so Pydantic raises 422 when it's
+    missing — better UX than letting the walker crash on a missing
+    path. ``validate_files`` and ``actor`` default so a minimal client
+    can skip them. ``limit`` truncates the file list after the walker
+    collects it (mirrors the CLI's post-collection ``if i > limit:
+    break`` semantics, but applied as a slice since the HTTP body
+    model is type-checked up-front).
+
+    The ``validate_files`` field is aliased to ``validate`` in the JSON
+    body to mirror the CLI's ``--validate`` flag and avoid the
+    hardcoded Pydantic warning about ``validate`` shadowing
+    ``BaseModel.validate``. ``populate_by_name=True`` lets tests
+    construct the model with either key.
+    """
+    model_config = ConfigDict(populate_by_name=True, protected_namespaces=())
+
+    ingest_dir: str
+    validate_files: bool = Field(default=True, alias="validate")
+    actor: str = "api-submit-batch"
+    limit: int | None = None
+
+
+@router.post("/api/submit-batch")
+def submit_batch(body: SubmitBatchRequest):
+    """Submit every ``batch-*-claims/*.x12`` under ``ingest_dir``.
+
+    Walks ``ingest_dir`` for any directory matching ``batch-*-claims``,
+    collects each one's ``*.x12`` files (sorted, with ``._*``
+    AppleDouble files skipped), truncates to ``limit`` if set, then
+    calls :func:`cyclone.submission.submit_file` per file with the
+    seeded clearhouse's ``sftp_block`` and ``actor`` from the body.
+
+    Returns counts (``submitted`` / ``skipped`` / ``failed``) plus a
+    per-file ``results`` array. Per-file failures NEVER change the
+    HTTP status code — the response is 200 whenever the run itself
+    completed.
+    """
+
+    # 1. Config-level guards. Order matters: a missing clearhouse is a
+    #    404 (config-level "missing"), but if it IS present and in stub
+    #    mode the operator's request is a 409 (configured-but-wrong).
+    clearhouse = cycl_store.get_clearhouse()
+    if clearhouse is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404, detail="no clearhouse seeded",
+        )
+    sftp_block = clearhouse.sftp_block
+    if sftp_block.stub:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=409, detail="clearhouse SFTP block is in stub mode",
+        )
+
+    # 2. Resolve + validate the ingest dir. Use ``resolve()`` so a
+    #    symlink-relative path still produces a stable error message.
+    root = Path(body.ingest_dir).resolve()
+    if not root.exists():
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=422,
+            detail=f"ingest_dir does not exist: {root}",
+        )
+
+    # 3. Walker — must match the CLI EXACTLY. Same sort, same ``._*``
+    #    AppleDouble skip. Any drift here is a quiet split between the
+    #    two surfaces and silently produces different batch outcomes.
+    files: list[Path] = []
+    for batch_dir in sorted(root.glob("batch-*-claims")):
+        files.extend(sorted(
+            p for p in batch_dir.glob("*.x12")
+            if not p.name.startswith("._")
+        ))
+
+    # 4. ``limit`` truncates after collection. The CLI uses an inline
+    #    ``if i > limit: break``; we slice instead because the HTTP
+    #    body model validates ``limit`` up-front (Pydantic-level int
+    #    check) and slicing keeps the walker branchless.
+    if body.limit is not None:
+        files = files[: body.limit]
+
+    if not files:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=422,
+            detail=f"no batch-*-claims/*.x12 files found under {root}",
+        )
+
+    # 5. Per-file submit. Wrap the helper call in try/except so an
+    #    unexpected exception in submit_file surfaces as a per-file
+    #    failure (outcome="unexpected") instead of crashing the whole
+    #    run. The helper's own SubmitOutcome enum covers every typed
+    #    failure path; an uncaught exception here is a true
+    #    surprise (bug or service outage mid-loop).
+    results: list[dict] = []
+    submitted = skipped = failed = 0
+    for src in files:
+        try:
+            r = submit_file(
+                src,
+                sftp_block=sftp_block,
+                actor=body.actor,
+                validate=body.validate_files,
+                # No ``sftp_client_factory`` — submit_file's default
+                # paramiko factory opens the real MFT. Tests
+                # monkey-patch submit_file itself instead of wiring a
+                # factory here.
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception(
+                "submit-batch unexpected error on %s", src.name,
+            )
+            r = SubmitResult(
+                file=src.name,
+                outcome=SubmitOutcome.UNEXPECTED_ERROR,
+                error=f"{exc.__class__.__name__}: {exc}",
+            )
+
+        if r.outcome == SubmitOutcome.SUBMITTED:
+            submitted += 1
+        elif r.outcome == SubmitOutcome.SKIPPED:
+            skipped += 1
+        else:
+            failed += 1
+
+        results.append({
+            "file": r.file,
+            "outcome": r.outcome.value,
+            "batch_id": r.batch_id,
+            "error": r.error,
+        })
+
+    return {
+        "submitted": submitted,
+        "skipped": skipped,
+        "failed": failed,
+        "results": results,
+    }

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/ta1_acks.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-"""``/api/ta1-acks`` — list & detail endpoints for persisted TA1 envelopes.
+"""``/api/ta1-acks`` — list, detail, and live-tail stream for TA1 envelopes.
 
 TA1 is the interchange-control ACK (ISA/IEA acknowledgement). It's a
 single segment, no functional group, no transaction set. Cyclone
@@ -7,34 +7,30 @@ row can sit alongside the 999 / 277CA ack rows without special-casing.
 
 The detail endpoint also reconstructs the TA1 segment string
 (``TA1*...~``) so the operator can copy it into a downstream tool.
+
+SP25: ``/api/ta1-acks/stream`` joins the live-tail triplet — the
+Acks page mounts ``useTailStream("ta1_acks")`` so the TA1 envelope
+ack section sees new rows the moment they land.
 """
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, AsyncIterator
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Query
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
 
+from cyclone.api_helpers import ndjson_line, tail_events
+from cyclone.auth.deps import matrix_gate
 from cyclone import db
-from cyclone.store import store
+from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+from cyclone.store import store, to_ui_ta1_ack
 
-router = APIRouter()
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)])
 
 
-def _ta1_to_ui(row: db.Ta1Ack) -> dict:
+# SP25: ``_ta1_to_ui`` moved to ``cyclone.store.ui.to_ui_ta1_ack`` so
-    """Render a Ta1Ack row for the UI (list endpoint shape)."""
+# the live-tail event payload (``ta1_ack_received``) matches the list
-    return {
+# endpoint shape byte-for-byte.
-        "id": row.id,
-        "control_number": row.control_number,
-        "ack_code": row.ack_code,
-        "note_code": row.note_code,
-        "interchange_date": row.interchange_date.isoformat()
-            if row.interchange_date else None,
-        "interchange_time": row.interchange_time,
-        "sender_id": row.sender_id,
-        "receiver_id": row.receiver_id,
-        "source_batch_id": row.source_batch_id,
-        "parsed_at": row.parsed_at.isoformat() if row.parsed_at else None,
-    }
 
 
 def _serialize_ta1_from_row(row: db.Ta1Ack) -> str:
@@ -57,20 +53,78 @@ def list_ta1_acks_endpoint(
     count regardless of the ``limit`` cap.
     """
     rows = store.list_ta1_acks()
-    items = [_ta1_to_ui(r) for r in rows[:limit]]
+    items = [to_ui_ta1_ack(r) for r in rows[:limit]]
+    # SP28: batch-fetch linked_claim_ids per TA1 row (TA1 envelope
+    # links always carry claim_id IS NULL — populate the field for
+    # symmetry so the Acks page badge render path is uniform).
+    ack_ids = [r.id for r in rows]
+    linked_map = _find_linked_claim_ids_for_acks_helper(ack_ids, kind="ta1")
+    for item, aid in zip(items, ack_ids[:limit]):
+        item["linked_claim_ids"] = linked_map.get(aid, [])
     return {
         "total": len(rows),
         "items": items,
     }
 
 
+def _find_linked_claim_ids_for_acks_helper(
+    ack_ids: list[int], *, kind: str
+) -> dict[int, list[str]]:
+    """Batch-fetch {ack_id: [claim_id, …]} for the listed ack rows.
+
+    Local helper so we don't import from ``acks.py`` and create a
+    circular import. See the equivalent ``_find_linked_claim_ids_for_acks``
+    in ``acks.py`` for the contract.
+    """
+    out: dict[int, list[str]] = {aid: [] for aid in ack_ids}
+    if not ack_ids:
+        return out
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        rows = (
+            s.query(db.ClaimAck.ack_id, db.ClaimAck.claim_id)
+            .filter(
+                db.ClaimAck.ack_kind == kind,
+                db.ClaimAck.ack_id.in_(ack_ids),
+                db.ClaimAck.claim_id.isnot(None),
+            )
+            .all()
+        )
+        for ack_id, claim_id in rows:
+            out[ack_id].append(claim_id)
+    return out
+
+
+@router.get("/api/ta1-acks/stream")
+async def ta1_acks_stream(
+    request: Request,
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    """Stream TA1 envelope acks as NDJSON.
+
+    Subscribes to ``ta1_ack_received`` and emits the same wire format
+    as the other live-tail endpoints. Registered BEFORE
+    ``/api/ta1-acks/{ack_id}`` so ``stream`` isn't matched as an id.
+    """
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        rows = store.list_ta1_acks()[:limit]
+        for row in rows:
+            yield ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": to_ui_ta1_ack(row)})
+        yield ndjson_line({"type": "snapshot_end", "data": {"count": len(rows)}})
+        async for chunk in tail_events(request, bus, ["ta1_ack_received"]):
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")
+
+
 @router.get("/api/ta1-acks/{ack_id}")
 def get_ta1_ack_endpoint(ack_id: int) -> dict:
     """Return one persisted TA1 ACK row with its parsed detail."""
     row = store.get_ta1_ack(ack_id)
     if row is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"TA1 ACK {ack_id} not found")
-    body = _ta1_to_ui(row)
+    body = to_ui_ta1_ack(row)
     body["raw_ta1_text"] = _serialize_ta1_from_row(row)
     body["raw_json"] = row.raw_json
     return body

backend/src/cyclone/audit_log.py

@@ -103,6 +103,12 @@ class AuditEvent:
     computed hash. Payload must be JSON-serializable; the audit_log
     module handles the encoding so callers don't need to think about
     canonical form.
+
+    ``user_id`` is the authenticated actor for this event, when known
+    (e.g. a parse-999 call made by user 7). It's stored on the row but
+    is NOT part of the hash chain — the chain hashes only the fields
+    that existed pre-SP-auth so verify_chain stays compatible with
+    pre-auth rows.
     """
 
     event_type: str
@@ -111,6 +117,7 @@ class AuditEvent:
     payload: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
     actor: str = "system"
     created_at: datetime | None = None
+    user_id: int | None = None
 
 
 def append_event(
@@ -155,6 +162,7 @@ def append_event(
         created_at=created_at,
         prev_hash=prev_hash,
         hash=GENESIS_PREV_HASH,  # placeholder; updated below
+        user_id=event.user_id,
     )
     session.add(row)
     session.flush()  # populate row.id

backend/src/cyclone/auth/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Auth module — users, sessions, permissions, routes, admin, rate_limit."""

backend/src/cyclone/auth/admin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+"""Admin-only user management: GET/POST/PATCH/DELETE /api/admin/users."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+
+from cyclone.auth import users
+from cyclone.auth.deps import get_current_user
+from cyclone.auth.permissions import Role
+from cyclone.db import SessionLocal, User
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/admin/users", tags=["admin"])
+
+
+def _require_admin(user: dict = Depends(get_current_user)) -> dict:
+    if user.get("role") != Role.ADMIN.value:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail="forbidden",
+        )
+    return user
+
+
+def _validate_role(role: str) -> None:
+    valid = {Role.ADMIN.value, Role.USER.value, Role.VIEWER.value}
+    if role not in valid:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
+            detail=f"role must be one of {sorted(valid)}",
+        )
+
+
+@router.get("")
+def list_users(_admin=Depends(_require_admin)):
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        all_users = db.query(User).all()
+    return [users.to_public(u) for u in all_users]
+
+
+@router.post("", status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+def create_user(body: dict, _admin=Depends(_require_admin)):
+    username = (body.get("username") or "").strip()
+    password = body.get("password") or ""
+    role = body.get("role") or ""
+    if not username or len(username) < 3:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=422, detail="username must be at least 3 chars")
+    if len(password) < 12:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=422, detail="password must be at least 12 chars")
+    _validate_role(role)
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        if users.get_by_username(db, username) is not None:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=409, detail="username already exists")
+        u = users.create(db, username=username, password=password, role=role)
+        return users.to_public(u)
+
+
+@router.patch("/{user_id}")
+def patch_user(user_id: int, body: dict, admin=Depends(_require_admin)):
+    me = admin
+    if me.get("id") == user_id and body.get("role") and body["role"] != Role.ADMIN.value:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT,
+            detail="cannot_demote_self",
+        )
+
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        if body.get("role") is not None:
+            _validate_role(body["role"])
+            users.update_role(db, user_id, body["role"])
+        if body.get("password") is not None:
+            if len(body["password"]) < 12:
+                raise HTTPException(status_code=422, detail="password must be at least 12 chars")
+            users.update_password(db, user_id, body["password"])
+        if body.get("disabled") is True:
+            users.disable(db, user_id)
+        u = users.get(db, user_id)
+        if u is None:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="user not found")
+        return users.to_public(u)
+
+
+@router.delete("/{user_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+def delete_user(user_id: int, admin=Depends(_require_admin)):
+    me = admin
+    if me.get("id") == user_id:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT,
+            detail="cannot_delete_self",
+        )
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        u = users.get(db, user_id)
+        if u is None:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="user not found")
+        users.disable(db, user_id)
+    return None

backend/src/cyclone/auth/bootstrap.py

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+"""First-admin bootstrap: create the initial admin from env vars if no users exist.
+
+Called from ``python -m cyclone`` before either ``cli.main()`` or
+``uvicorn`` so users exist by the time the API serves requests.
+
+Precedence:
+
+1. ``CYCLONE_AUTH_DISABLED=1`` — dev escape hatch. Flip the
+   ``cyclone.auth.deps.AUTH_DISABLED`` flag so the API returns a
+   synthetic admin user without checking credentials. Never raises.
+2. Users table non-empty — no-op.
+3. ``CYCLONE_ADMIN_USERNAME`` + ``CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD`` env vars set
+   (password >= 12 chars) — create the admin and print confirmation.
+   Each env var can also be replaced by a ``*_FILE`` companion
+   (``CYCLONE_ADMIN_USERNAME_FILE`` / ``CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE``)
+   that points at a file on disk — the standard Docker-secret pattern,
+   used in production to avoid embedding secrets in ``docker-compose.yml``.
+   ``_FILE`` takes precedence when set.
+4. Otherwise — raise ``RuntimeError`` with a remediation hint that
+   points operators at ``python -m cyclone users create``.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from cyclone.auth import users
+from cyclone.auth.deps import AUTH_DISABLED
+from cyclone.auth.permissions import Role
+from cyclone.db import SessionLocal, User
+
+
+def _read_secret(env_var: str, file_var: str) -> str | None:
+    """Read a secret from a ``*_FILE`` env var (Docker-secret pattern) first,
+    falling back to the plain env var. Returns None if neither is set.
+    """
+    file_path = os.environ.get(file_var)
+    if file_path:
+        try:
+            return Path(file_path).read_text().strip()
+        except OSError as exc:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"failed to read {file_var}={file_path}: {exc}"
+            ) from exc
+    return os.environ.get(env_var)
+
+
+def run() -> None:
+    """Bootstrap the first admin user, or no-op.
+
+    See module docstring for behavior. Idempotent: safe to call on
+    every startup — it short-circuits as soon as the users table is
+    non-empty.
+    """
+    if os.environ.get("CYCLONE_AUTH_DISABLED") == "1":
+        # Dev escape hatch — skip bootstrap entirely and tell the API
+        # to also short-circuit auth checks.
+        import cyclone.auth.deps as _deps
+
+        _deps.AUTH_DISABLED = True
+        return
+
+    username = _read_secret(
+        "CYCLONE_ADMIN_USERNAME", "CYCLONE_ADMIN_USERNAME_FILE"
+    )
+    password = _read_secret(
+        "CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD", "CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE"
+    )
+
+    # First-boot fix: ``python -m cyclone`` calls bootstrap before any
+    # subcommand or the FastAPI lifespan handler runs, so on a brand-new
+    # DB ``SessionLocal()`` raises "init_db() has not been called".
+    # Initialize here so ``serve``, ``users create``, and friends can
+    # all reach the DB without the operator having to know about
+    # migrations. Idempotent — no-op when the schema is already current.
+    from cyclone import db as _db
+
+    _db.init_db()
+
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        existing = db.execute(select(User)).scalars().first()
+        if existing is not None:
+            return  # users exist — nothing to bootstrap
+
+        if not username or not password:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Cyclone has no users yet. Set CYCLONE_ADMIN_USERNAME and "
+                "CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD env vars (min 12 chars), or run "
+                "`python -m cyclone users create <username> --role admin`."
+            )
+        if len(password) < 12:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "CYCLONE_ADMIN_PASSWORD must be at least 12 characters."
+            )
+
+        users.create(
+            db,
+            username=username,
+            password=password,
+            role=Role.ADMIN.value,
+        )
+        print(f"[cyclone] bootstrap admin user '{username}' created")

backend/src/cyclone/auth/cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+"""CLI subcommand: ``python -m cyclone users ...``.
+
+Click-based to match the existing parse-837 / parse-835 convention in
+``cyclone.cli``. Provides operator-side user management without going
+through the admin HTTP API.
+
+Subcommands
+-----------
+
+- ``users create USERNAME --role {admin,user,viewer} [--password PW]``
+  Create a user. If ``--password`` is omitted, prompts (with
+  confirmation) on the controlling terminal.
+- ``users list`` — tab-separated ``id / username / role / state``.
+- ``users disable USERNAME`` — set ``disabled_at`` to now.
+- ``users reset-password USERNAME [--password PW]`` — replace the hash.
+- ``users set-role USERNAME --role {admin,user,viewer}`` — change role.
+
+Exit codes
+----------
+
+* 0 — success
+* 1 — validation error (unknown username, duplicate username)
+* 2 — usage error (missing arg, bad role, short password, unknown
+  subcommand). Click itself uses 2 for usage errors so the conventional
+  shell tools (``set -e``, etc.) recognize them.
+
+Passwords shorter than 12 chars are rejected everywhere they appear.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import getpass
+import sys
+
+import click
+
+from cyclone.auth import users
+from cyclone.auth.permissions import Role
+from cyclone.db import SessionLocal
+
+ROLE_CHOICES = [Role.ADMIN.value, Role.USER.value, Role.VIEWER.value]
+MIN_PASSWORD_LEN = 12
+
+
+def _prompt_password(label: str) -> str:
+    pw = getpass.getpass(f"{label}: ")
+    if not pw:
+        click.echo("Password required.", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+    return pw
+
+
+def _validate_password(pw: str) -> None:
+    if len(pw) < MIN_PASSWORD_LEN:
+        click.echo(
+            f"Password must be at least {MIN_PASSWORD_LEN} characters.",
+            err=True,
+        )
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# Group
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@click.group(name="users")
+def users_cli() -> None:
+    """Manage Cyclone users from the command line."""
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# create
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@users_cli.command("create")
+@click.argument("username")
+@click.option(
+    "--role",
+    required=True,
+    type=click.Choice(ROLE_CHOICES, case_sensitive=False),
+    help="Role to grant the new user.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--password",
+    default=None,
+    help=f"Password (min {MIN_PASSWORD_LEN} chars). Prompts if omitted.",
+)
+def create_user(username: str, role: str, password: str | None) -> None:
+    """Create a new user with the given USERNAME and ROLE."""
+    pw = password or _prompt_password("Password")
+    _validate_password(pw)
+
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        if users.get_by_username(db, username) is not None:
+            click.echo(f"User '{username}' already exists.", err=True)
+            sys.exit(1)
+        u = users.create(db, username=username, password=pw, role=role)
+        click.echo(f"Created user '{u.username}' with role '{u.role}'.")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# list
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@users_cli.command("list")
+def list_users() -> None:
+    """List all users as id / username / role / state."""
+    from cyclone.db import User
+
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        for u in db.query(User).order_by(User.id.asc()).all():
+            state = "disabled" if u.disabled_at else "active"
+            click.echo(f"{u.id}\t{u.username}\t{u.role}\t{state}")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# disable
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@users_cli.command("disable")
+@click.argument("username")
+def disable_user(username: str) -> None:
+    """Disable USERNAME (sets disabled_at to now)."""
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        u = users.get_by_username(db, username)
+        if u is None:
+            click.echo(f"No such user: {username}", err=True)
+            sys.exit(1)
+        users.disable(db, u.id)
+        click.echo(f"Disabled '{username}'.")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# reset-password
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@users_cli.command("reset-password")
+@click.argument("username")
+@click.option(
+    "--password",
+    default=None,
+    help=f"New password (min {MIN_PASSWORD_LEN} chars). Prompts if omitted.",
+)
+def reset_password(username: str, password: str | None) -> None:
+    """Replace USERNAME's password."""
+    pw = password or _prompt_password("New password")
+    _validate_password(pw)
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        u = users.get_by_username(db, username)
+        if u is None:
+            click.echo(f"No such user: {username}", err=True)
+            sys.exit(1)
+        users.update_password(db, u.id, pw)
+        click.echo(f"Password reset for '{username}'.")
+
+
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# set-role
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+@users_cli.command("set-role")
+@click.argument("username")
+@click.option(
+    "--role",
+    required=True,
+    type=click.Choice(ROLE_CHOICES, case_sensitive=False),
+    help="Role to grant.",
+)
+def set_role(username: str, role: str) -> None:
+    """Change USERNAME's role."""
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        u = users.get_by_username(db, username)
+        if u is None:
+            click.echo(f"No such user: {username}", err=True)
+            sys.exit(1)
+        users.update_role(db, u.id, role)
+        click.echo(f"Role for '{username}' set to '{role}'.")

backend/src/cyclone/auth/deps.py

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+"""FastAPI dependencies for auth."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, Request, status
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session as DbSession
+
+from cyclone.auth import sessions, users
+from cyclone.auth.permissions import Role, allowed_roles
+from cyclone.db import SessionLocal
+
+
+def _db():
+    db = SessionLocal()()
+    try:
+        yield db
+    finally:
+        db.close()
+
+
+DbSessionDep = Annotated[DbSession, Depends(_db)]
+
+
+AUTH_DISABLED = False
+
+
+async def get_current_user(
+    request: Request,
+    db: DbSessionDep,
+) -> dict:
+    """Return the public User shape. Raises 401 if session is missing/expired.
+
+    When AUTH_DISABLED is True (dev escape hatch), returns a synthetic admin
+    user without checking credentials.
+    """
+    if AUTH_DISABLED:
+        return {
+            "id": 0,
+            "username": "dev",
+            "role": Role.ADMIN.value,
+            "createdAt": None,
+            "disabledAt": None,
+        }
+
+    sid = request.cookies.get("cyclone_session")
+    if not sid:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="session_expired",
+        )
+    sess = sessions.get_valid(db, sid)
+    if sess is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="session_expired",
+        )
+    user = users.get(db, sess.user_id)
+    if user is None or user.disabled_at is not None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="account_disabled",
+        )
+    # Sliding expiry: refresh both DB and cookie.
+    sessions.touch(db, sid)
+    request.state.user = user
+    request.state.session_id = sid
+    return users.to_public(user)
+
+
+def require_role(*allowed: Role):
+    """Dependency factory: gate the endpoint to specific roles.
+
+    Falls back to PERMISSIONS matrix lookup if no explicit roles given.
+    """
+    async def _dep(
+        request: Request,
+        user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+    ) -> dict:
+        user_role = user.get("role")
+        if allowed:
+            if user_role not in {r.value for r in allowed}:
+                raise HTTPException(
+                    status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+                    detail="forbidden",
+                )
+            return user
+        # Otherwise consult the matrix.
+        method = request.method
+        path = request.url.path
+        roles = allowed_roles(method, path)
+        if roles is None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+                detail="forbidden",
+            )
+        if user_role not in {r.value for r in roles}:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+                detail="forbidden",
+            )
+        return user
+    return _dep
+
+
+async def matrix_gate(
+    request: Request,
+    user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+) -> dict:
+    """App-wide gate: requires auth, then enforces the PERMISSIONS matrix.
+
+    Behavior:
+    * AUTH_DISABLED short-circuits (synthetic admin, no role check).
+    * No session cookie → 401 from get_current_user.
+    * Endpoint not in the matrix → 403 (fail-closed).
+    * User role not allowed for (method, path) → 403.
+    * Empty allowed-roles set (e.g. /api/healthz) → public, no role check.
+
+    Used as ``dependencies=[Depends(matrix_gate)]`` on every authenticated
+    route. Centralizing the gate here means the matrix is the source of
+    truth — no need to wire per-route ``require_role(...)`` calls.
+    """
+    if AUTH_DISABLED:
+        return user
+    method = request.method
+    path = request.url.path
+    roles = allowed_roles(method, path)
+    if roles is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail="forbidden",
+        )
+    user_role = user.get("role")
+    if user_role not in {r.value for r in roles}:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail="forbidden",
+        )
+    return user

backend/src/cyclone/auth/permissions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+"""Role enum + PERMISSIONS matrix."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+class Role(str, Enum):
+    ADMIN = "admin"
+    USER = "user"
+    VIEWER = "viewer"
+
+
+ALL_ROLES = {Role.ADMIN, Role.USER, Role.VIEWER}
+WRITE_ROLES = {Role.ADMIN, Role.USER}
+ADMIN_ONLY = {Role.ADMIN}
+
+
+# (method, path-prefix) → allowed roles.
+# Endpoints not in this matrix default to DENY (fail-closed).
+PERMISSIONS: dict[tuple[str, str], set[Role]] = {
+    # Public paths.
+    ("GET", "/api/health"): set(),
+    ("POST", "/api/auth/login"): set(),
+
+    # Auth surface.
+    ("POST", "/api/auth/logout"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/auth/me"): ALL_ROLES,
+
+    # Admin-only user management.
+    ("GET", "/api/admin/users"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("POST", "/api/admin/users"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("PATCH", "/api/admin/users"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("DELETE", "/api/admin/users"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+
+    # Read endpoints (all authenticated roles).
+    ("GET", "/api/claims"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/remittances"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/providers"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/batches"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/dashboard/kpis"): ALL_ROLES,  # dashboard summary cards (renamed from /summary)
+    ("GET", "/api/activity"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/inbox/lanes"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/inbox/export.csv"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/inbox/ack-orphans"): ALL_ROLES,  # Inbox "Ack orphans" lane — wired in src/hooks/useAckOrphans.ts
+    ("GET", "/api/reconciliation"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/acks"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/ta1-acks"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/277ca-acks"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/batch-diff"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/config"): ALL_ROLES,
+    ("GET", "/api/payers"): ALL_ROLES,
+
+    # Clearhouse (SFTP creds + dzinesco identity) — admin only.
+    ("GET", "/api/clearhouse"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("PATCH", "/api/clearhouse"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("POST", "/api/clearhouse/submit"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+
+    # Admin ops (audit log, backup, scheduler, db rotate, reload-config).
+    ("GET", "/api/admin/audit-log"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("GET", "/api/admin/audit-log/verify"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("GET", "/api/admin/backup"): ADMIN_ONLY,  # prefix; covers /list, /status, /{id}/restore/*, /{id}/verify
+    ("POST", "/api/admin/backup"): ADMIN_ONLY,  # prefix; covers /create, /prune, /{id}/restore/*
+    ("GET", "/api/admin/backup/scheduler"): ADMIN_ONLY,  # prefix; covers /start, /stop, /tick
+    ("POST", "/api/admin/backup/scheduler"): ADMIN_ONLY,  # prefix; covers /start, /stop, /tick
+    ("GET", "/api/admin/scheduler"): ADMIN_ONLY,  # prefix; covers /status, /processed-files
+    ("POST", "/api/admin/scheduler"): ADMIN_ONLY,  # prefix; covers /start, /stop, /tick, /pull-inbound
+    ("POST", "/api/admin/db/rotate-key"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("POST", "/api/admin/reload-config"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+    ("GET", "/api/admin/validate-provider"): ADMIN_ONLY,
+
+    # Write endpoints (admin + user, no viewer).
+    ("POST", "/api/parse-837"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/parse-835"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/parse-999"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/parse-ta1"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/parse-277ca"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/inbox"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/inbox/candidates"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/inbox/rejected"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/inbox/payer-rejected"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/reconciliation"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/acks"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    # Unlink a wrong claim-ack match — inverse of POST /api/inbox/candidates/{remit_id}/match.
+    # Prefix (not the placeholder path) because the matcher treats {kind}
+    # as a literal substring; only ``/api/acks`` actually matches real requests.
+    ("DELETE", "/api/acks"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/batches"): WRITE_ROLES,  # /export-837 regenerates X12 from DB rows
+    ("POST", "/api/eligibility"): WRITE_ROLES,
+    ("POST", "/api/submit-batch"): WRITE_ROLES,  # SP37: canonical outbound path (mirrors CLI)
+}
+
+
+def allowed_roles(method: str, path: str) -> set[Role] | None:
+    """Return the set of roles allowed to call (method, path), or None if denied.
+
+    Uses longest-prefix match on path; falls back to DENY (None) if no entry matches.
+    """
+    candidates = [
+        (len(prefix), roles)
+        for (m, prefix), roles in PERMISSIONS.items()
+        if m == method and (path == prefix or path.startswith(prefix.rstrip("/") + "/"))
+    ]
+    if not candidates:
+        return None
+    candidates.sort(key=lambda x: -x[0])
+    return candidates[0][1]

backend/src/cyclone/auth/rate_limit.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""Per-username login rate limiter (in-memory, per-process)."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import time
+from threading import Lock
+
+WINDOW_SECONDS = 300
+MAX_FAILS = 5
+
+_FAILS: dict[str, list[float]] = {}
+_LOCK = Lock()
+
+
+def check(username: str) -> int:
+    """Return retry-after seconds, or 0 if allowed."""
+    now = time.monotonic()
+    with _LOCK:
+        fails = [t for t in _FAILS.get(username, []) if now - t < WINDOW_SECONDS]
+        _FAILS[username] = fails
+        if len(fails) >= MAX_FAILS:
+            return int(WINDOW_SECONDS - (now - fails[0]))
+    return 0
+
+
+def record_failure(username: str) -> None:
+    now = time.monotonic()
+    with _LOCK:
+        _FAILS.setdefault(username, []).append(now)
+
+
+def reset(username: str) -> None:
+    with _LOCK:
+        _FAILS.pop(username, None)

backend/src/cyclone/auth/routes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+"""/api/auth/login, /api/auth/logout, /api/auth/me."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Request, Response, status
+
+from cyclone.auth import rate_limit, sessions, users
+from cyclone.auth.deps import get_current_user
+from cyclone.db import SessionLocal
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/auth", tags=["auth"])
+
+COOKIE_NAME = "cyclone_session"
+COOKIE_MAX_AGE = 86400  # 24h
+
+
+def _is_https(request: Request) -> bool:
+    if request.url.scheme == "https":
+        return True
+    return os.environ.get("CYCLONE_BEHIND_HTTPS") == "1"
+
+
+def _set_cookie(response: Response, sid: str, request: Request) -> None:
+    response.set_cookie(
+        key=COOKIE_NAME,
+        value=sid,
+        max_age=COOKIE_MAX_AGE,
+        path="/api",
+        httponly=True,
+        samesite="lax",
+        secure=_is_https(request),
+    )
+
+
+def _clear_cookie(response: Response) -> None:
+    response.delete_cookie(key=COOKIE_NAME, path="/api")
+
+
+@router.post("/login")
+def login(body: dict, request: Request, response: Response):
+    username = (body.get("username") or "").strip()
+    password = body.get("password") or ""
+    if not username or not password:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="username and password are required",
+        )
+
+    retry_after = rate_limit.check(username)
+    if retry_after > 0:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_429_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
+            detail="rate_limited",
+            headers={"Retry-After": str(retry_after)},
+        )
+
+    with SessionLocal()() as db:
+        user = users.get_by_username(db, username)
+        if user is None or not users.verify_password(password, user.password_hash):
+            rate_limit.record_failure(username)
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="invalid_credentials",
+            )
+        if user.disabled_at is not None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+                detail="account_disabled",
+            )
+
+        sid, _ = sessions.create(db, user_id=user.id)
+        rate_limit.reset(username)
+        public = users.to_public(user)
+
+    _set_cookie(response, sid, request)
+    return public
+
+
+@router.post("/logout")
+def logout(
+    request: Request,
+    response: Response,
+    _user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    sid = request.cookies.get(COOKIE_NAME)
+    if sid:
+        with SessionLocal()() as db:
+            sessions.delete(db, sid)
+    _clear_cookie(response)
+    return Response(status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+
+
+@router.get("/me")
+def me(user: dict = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    return user

backend/src/cyclone/auth/sessions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""Session create/validate/expire/touch."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import secrets
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from cyclone.db import Session
+
+SESSION_LIFETIME = timedelta(hours=24)
+
+
+def create(db, *, user_id: int) -> tuple[str, Session]:
+    sid = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    expires_at = now + SESSION_LIFETIME
+    sess = Session(
+        id=sid,
+        user_id=user_id,
+        expires_at=expires_at,
+        created_at=now,
+    )
+    db.add(sess)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(sess)
+    # SQLite strips tzinfo on roundtrip; restore it so callers don't have to.
+    sess.expires_at = expires_at
+    return sid, sess
+
+
+def get_valid(db, sid: str) -> Session | None:
+    sess = db.execute(
+        select(Session).where(Session.id == sid)
+    ).scalar_one_or_none()
+    if sess is None:
+        return None
+    # SQLite drops tzinfo on roundtrip; normalize to UTC before comparing.
+    if sess.expires_at.tzinfo is None:
+        sess.expires_at = sess.expires_at.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    if sess.expires_at <= datetime.now(timezone.utc):
+        return None
+    return sess
+
+
+def delete(db, sid: str) -> None:
+    sess = db.get(Session, sid)
+    if sess is None:
+        return
+    db.delete(sess)
+    db.commit()
+
+
+def touch(db, sid: str) -> None:
+    sess = db.get(Session, sid)
+    if sess is None:
+        return
+    sess.expires_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + SESSION_LIFETIME
+    db.commit()

backend/src/cyclone/auth/users.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""User CRUD + bcrypt password hashing."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Any
+
+from passlib.hash import bcrypt
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from cyclone.db import User
+
+
+def hash_password(plaintext: str) -> str:
+    return bcrypt.hash(plaintext)
+
+
+def verify_password(plaintext: str, hashed: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        return bcrypt.verify(plaintext, hashed)
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        return False
+
+
+def create(db, *, username: str, password: str, role: str) -> User:
+    user = User(
+        username=username,
+        password_hash=hash_password(password),
+        role=role,
+        created_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+    )
+    db.add(user)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(user)
+    return user
+
+
+def get_by_username(db, username: str) -> User | None:
+    return db.execute(
+        select(User).where(User.username == username)
+    ).scalar_one_or_none()
+
+
+def get(db, user_id: int) -> User | None:
+    return db.get(User, user_id)
+
+
+def disable(db, user_id: int) -> None:
+    user = db.get(User, user_id)
+    if user is None:
+        return
+    user.disabled_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    db.commit()
+
+
+def update_role(db, user_id: int, role: str) -> None:
+    user = db.get(User, user_id)
+    if user is None:
+        return
+    user.role = role
+    db.commit()
+
+
+def update_password(db, user_id: int, new_password: str) -> None:
+    user = db.get(User, user_id)
+    if user is None:
+        return
+    user.password_hash = hash_password(new_password)
+    db.commit()
+
+
+def to_public(user: User) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "id": user.id,
+        "username": user.username,
+        "role": user.role,
+        "createdAt": user.created_at.isoformat() if user.created_at else None,
+        "disabledAt": user.disabled_at.isoformat() if user.disabled_at else None,
+    }

backend/src/cyclone/claim_acks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+"""SP28: per-ACK auto-linker.
+
+Three helpers, one per ACK kind, all run inside the same DB
+transaction that persists the Ack row. Each returns a slice of
+:class:`ClaimAckLinkRow` dataclasses describing what to link —
+the CALLER persists those rows via
+:func:`cyclone.store.claim_acks.add_claim_ack` (which owns the
+publish-from-store contract).
+
+The two-pass join lives in
+:func:`lookup_claims_for_ack_set_response` (D10): ST02 via the
+batch envelope index (primary) + ``Claim.patient_control_number``
+(fallback). Plus :func:`link_manual` for the manual-fallback
+endpoint.
+
+The helpers do NOT write to the DB session — they are pure
+readers over the session + parse result + the supplied
+``batch_envelope_index`` / ``pc_claim_lookup`` / ``batch_lookup``
+closures. This matches the existing
+``cyclone.inbox_state.apply_999_rejections`` pattern and lets the
+store facade own the publish-from-store contract for live-tail.
+
+See ``docs/superpowers/specs/2026-07-02-cyclone-ack-claim-auto-link-design.md``
+§3 for the per-AK2 granularity, the two-pass join, and the
+idempotency contract enforced by ``ux_claim_acks_dedup``.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Callable, Optional
+
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from cyclone.db import Batch, Claim
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ClaimAckLinkRow:
+    """One row to insert into ``claim_acks``.
+
+    Populated by the helpers; persisted by the caller via
+    :func:`cyclone.store.claim_acks.add_claim_ack`. Carries every
+    column the store needs to build the ORM row + the
+    ``claim_ack_written`` event payload.
+    """
+
+    claim_id: Optional[str] = None
+    batch_id: Optional[str] = None
+    ak2_index: Optional[int] = None
+    set_control_number: Optional[str] = None
+    set_accept_reject_code: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ClaimAckLinkResult:
+    """Outcome of a single helper call.
+
+    ``linked`` is the list of :class:`ClaimAckLinkRow` rows the
+    caller should persist via ``cycl_store.add_claim_ack``.
+    ``orphans`` is a list of free-form strings the join couldn't
+    resolve — for 999/277CA these are ``set_control_number``
+    values; for TA1 they're the TA1 ICN when no matching batch was
+    found.
+    """
+
+    linked: list[ClaimAckLinkRow] = field(default_factory=list)
+    orphans: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# D10 two-pass join
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def lookup_claims_for_ack_set_response(
+    session: Session,
+    set_control_number: str,
+    *,
+    batch_envelope_index: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[str]]] = None,
+    pc_claim_lookup: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[Claim]]] = None,
+) -> list[Claim]:
+    """Two-pass join for a single AK2 set_response / 277CA claim_status.
+
+    D10 (spec): for a 999 AK2-2 ``set_control_number`` or a 277CA REF*1K
+    ``payer_claim_control_number``, return every claim this ack
+    acknowledges. The primary join is
+    ``Batch.envelope.control_number == set_control_number`` (== source
+    837's ST02 on Gainwell batches); the fallback is
+    ``Claim.patient_control_number == set_control_number``.
+
+    Returns 0..N matching claims (one-ack-to-many when one 837 batch
+    shipped multiple claims under one ST02).
+
+    Args:
+        session: SQLAlchemy session the caller owns.
+        set_control_number: the AK2-2 / REF*1K value to resolve.
+        batch_envelope_index: optional pre-built index that maps
+            ``Batch.envelope.control_number`` → ``batch.id`` (built
+            once per ingest via ``store.batch_envelope_index``).
+            Pass to skip the per-set-response ``Batch`` scan in Pass 1.
+        pc_claim_lookup: optional pre-built callable that maps a PCN
+            to a single claim. Falls back to a session-wide query
+            when not supplied.
+
+    Pass 1 wins. The two paths cannot both fire for the same
+    ``set_control_number`` — if Pass 1 returns one or more claims,
+    Pass 2 is skipped. This is the false-positive guard from
+    spec §7.
+    """
+    if not set_control_number:
+        return []
+
+    # -- Pass 1: Batch.envelope.control_number primary --------------
+    # Accept either a plain dict (the common case — built once per
+    # ingest via ``store.batch_envelope_index``) or a callable for
+    # test-side closures. Normalize to ``idx.get`` so the rest of
+    # the function stays uniform.
+    idx: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[str]]] = None
+    if batch_envelope_index is not None:
+        if callable(batch_envelope_index):
+            idx = batch_envelope_index
+        else:
+            idx = batch_envelope_index.get
+    matched_ids: list[str] = []
+    if idx is not None:
+        batch_id = idx(set_control_number)
+        if batch_id is not None:
+            matched_ids = [
+                cid for (cid,) in (
+                    session.query(Claim.id)
+                    .filter(Claim.batch_id == batch_id)
+                    .all()
+                )
+            ]
+    else:
+        # Fallback: scan all batches once per call. Slow but correct;
+        # callers SHOULD pass the index.
+        rows = (
+            session.query(Batch.id, Batch.raw_result_json)
+            .filter(Batch.kind == "837p")
+            .all()
+        )
+        for bid, raw in rows:
+            env = (raw or {}).get("envelope") or {}
+            if env.get("control_number") == set_control_number:
+                matched_ids = [
+                    cid for (cid,) in (
+                        session.query(Claim.id)
+                        .filter(Claim.batch_id == bid)
+                        .all()
+                    )
+                ]
+                break
+
+    if matched_ids:
+        claims = (
+            session.query(Claim)
+            .filter(Claim.id.in_(matched_ids))
+            .all()
+        )
+        if claims:
+            return list(claims)
+
+    # -- Pass 2: Claim.patient_control_number fallback ---------------
+    if pc_claim_lookup is not None:
+        single = pc_claim_lookup(set_control_number)
+        if single is not None:
+            return [single]
+        return []
+
+    matches = (
+        session.query(Claim)
+        .filter(Claim.patient_control_number == set_control_number)
+        .all()
+    )
+    return list(matches)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Per-ACK helpers — walk the parsed result and produce ClaimAckLinkRow
+# dataclasses. The CALLER persists via cycl_store.add_claim_ack so the
+# publish-from-store contract owns the live-tail event emission.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _existing_link_claim_ids(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    claim_ids: list[str],
+    ack_kind: str,
+    ack_id: int,
+) -> set[str]:
+    """Return the subset of ``claim_ids`` that already have a link row.
+
+    Mirrors the partial unique index
+    ``ux_claim_acks_dedup(claim_id, ack_kind, ack_id, ak2_index)
+    WHERE claim_id IS NOT NULL AND ak2_index IS NOT NULL``. The
+    pre-check is here so we skip ``session.add`` and avoid
+    IntegrityError log noise on re-ingest. For TA1 (claim_id IS
+    NULL) the helpers do their own check.
+    """
+    if not claim_ids:
+        return set()
+    rows = (
+        session.query(Claim.claim_id)  # placeholder; replaced below
+        if False else
+        session.query(Claim.id)
+        .filter(Claim.id.in_([]))
+        .all()
+    )
+    # Replace the placeholder with the real query — needed because
+    # ClaimAck is not imported above (avoids circular import).
+    from cyclone.db import ClaimAck
+    existing = (
+        session.query(ClaimAck.claim_id)
+        .filter(
+            ClaimAck.ack_kind == ack_kind,
+            ClaimAck.ack_id == ack_id,
+            ClaimAck.claim_id.in_(claim_ids),
+        )
+        .all()
+    )
+    return {cid for (cid,) in existing if cid is not None}
+
+
+def apply_999_acceptances(
+    session: Session,
+    parsed_999,
+    *,
+    ack_id: int,
+    batch_envelope_index: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[str]]] = None,
+    pc_claim_lookup: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[Claim]]] = None,
+    now: Optional[datetime] = None,
+) -> ClaimAckLinkResult:
+    """For every AK2 set-response, build one ``ClaimAckLinkRow`` per matched claim.
+
+    Both accepted AND rejected AK2s produce a link row (so the
+    ClaimDrawer panel can show the rejection inline via the
+    ``set_accept_reject_code`` color-coded chip). Orphans are returned
+    but not linked.
+
+    Idempotent: rows the dedup index already covers (re-ingest of an
+    identical file) are skipped silently — the pre-check is here to
+    avoid ``IntegrityError`` log noise.
+
+    One AK2 can produce multiple ``claim_acks`` rows when the source
+    837 batch carried more than one claim under a shared ST02 (rare
+    on this codebase but supported by D10 / the schema).
+
+    Returns:
+        A :class:`ClaimAckLinkResult` whose ``linked`` list contains
+        one :class:`ClaimAckLinkRow` per AK2-to-claim match. The
+        caller persists each row via ``cycl_store.add_claim_ack``.
+    """
+    result = ClaimAckLinkResult()
+    set_responses = getattr(parsed_999, "set_responses", None) or []
+
+    # Resolve all set_control_numbers up front so we can do one
+    # batched dedup query per (ack_kind, ack_id).
+    resolved: list[tuple[int, "object", list[Claim], str, str]] = []
+    candidate_claim_ids: list[str] = []
+    for idx, sr in enumerate(set_responses):
+        scn = getattr(sr, "set_control_number", None) or ""
+        code = getattr(sr.set_accept_reject, "code", None) or ""
+        claims = lookup_claims_for_ack_set_response(
+            session, scn,
+            batch_envelope_index=batch_envelope_index,
+            pc_claim_lookup=pc_claim_lookup,
+        )
+        if not claims:
+            result.orphans.append(scn)
+            continue
+        resolved.append((idx, sr, claims, scn, code))
+        candidate_claim_ids.extend(c.id for c in claims)
+
+    existing_ids = _existing_link_claim_ids(
+        session,
+        claim_ids=candidate_claim_ids,
+        ack_kind="999",
+        ack_id=ack_id,
+    )
+
+    for idx, sr, claims, scn, code in resolved:
+        for claim in claims:
+            if claim.id in existing_ids:
+                continue
+            result.linked.append(ClaimAckLinkRow(
+                claim_id=claim.id,
+                batch_id=None,
+                ak2_index=idx,
+                set_control_number=scn,
+                set_accept_reject_code=code,
+            ))
+    return result
+
+
+def apply_277ca_acks(
+    session: Session,
+    parsed_277ca,
+    *,
+    ack_id: int,
+    batch_envelope_index: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[str]]] = None,
+    pc_claim_lookup: Optional[Callable[[str], Optional[Claim]]] = None,
+    now: Optional[datetime] = None,
+) -> ClaimAckLinkResult:
+    """For every ClaimStatus with a payer_claim_control_number, build a ClaimAckLinkRow.
+
+    Accepted AND rejected ClaimStatuses both link — the
+    ``set_accept_reject_code`` carries the STC category code. The
+    ``claim_acks`` row is independent of the existing
+    ``Claim.payer_rejected_at`` mutation from
+    :func:`cyclone.inbox_state_277ca.apply_277ca_rejections` (which
+    fires before this helper in the handler).
+
+    Returns:
+        A :class:`ClaimAckLinkResult` whose ``linked`` list contains
+        one :class:`ClaimAckLinkRow` per ClaimStatus match. The
+        caller persists each row via ``cycl_store.add_claim_ack``.
+    """
+    result = ClaimAckLinkResult()
+    statuses = getattr(parsed_277ca, "claim_statuses", None) or []
+
+    resolved: list[tuple["object", list[Claim], str, str]] = []
+    candidate_claim_ids: list[str] = []
+    for status in statuses:
+        scn = getattr(status, "payer_claim_control_number", None) or ""
+        raw_code = getattr(status, "status_code", None) or ""
+        # ``status_code`` may be a category like "A6:19:PR" — keep
+        # the whole STC composite so the UI can render the
+        # category without re-parsing raw_json. Truncate to 8 chars
+        # (column width).
+        code = (raw_code or "")[:8]
+        if not scn:
+            # No REF*1K — orphan. Surface the STC composite so the
+            # operator can correlate via the ack's raw_json.
+            orphan_key = code or "(no REF*1K)"
+            result.orphans.append(orphan_key)
+            continue
+        claims = lookup_claims_for_ack_set_response(
+            session, scn,
+            batch_envelope_index=batch_envelope_index,
+            pc_claim_lookup=pc_claim_lookup,
+        )
+        if not claims:
+            result.orphans.append(scn)
+            continue
+        resolved.append((status, claims, scn, code))
+        candidate_claim_ids.extend(c.id for c in claims)
+
+    existing_ids = _existing_link_claim_ids(
+        session,
+        claim_ids=candidate_claim_ids,
+        ack_kind="277ca",
+        ack_id=ack_id,
+    )
+
+    for status, claims, scn, code in resolved:
+        for claim in claims:
+            if claim.id in existing_ids:
+                continue
+            result.linked.append(ClaimAckLinkRow(
+                claim_id=claim.id,
+                batch_id=None,
+                ak2_index=None,
+                set_control_number=scn,
+                set_accept_reject_code=code or None,
+            ))
+    return result
+
+
+def apply_ta1_envelope_link(
+    session: Session,
+    parsed_ta1,
+    *,
+    ack_id: int,
+    batch_lookup: Callable[[str, str], Optional[Batch]],
+    now: Optional[datetime] = None,
+) -> ClaimAckLinkResult:
+    """Build a TA1 envelope-level link row to the most-recent matching Batch.
+
+    TA1 is envelope-level only (ISA/IEA, no per-claim granularity).
+    The link row has ``claim_id IS NULL`` and ``batch_id`` populated.
+
+    Args:
+        parsed_ta1: a :class:`cyclone.parsers.models_ta1.ParseResultTa1`.
+        batch_lookup: ``(sender_id, receiver_id) -> Batch | None``.
+            The handler supplies a closure that walks
+            ``session.query(Batch).order_by(parsed_at.desc())``. Returning
+            ``None`` produces an orphan (no batch match).
+
+    Returns:
+        A :class:`ClaimAckLinkResult` with 0..1 row in ``linked``.
+        Idempotent via dedup on ``(ack_kind='ta1', ack_id)`` (claim_id
+        IS NULL so the partial unique index doesn't catch it; the
+        pre-check here is a Python-side query).
+    """
+    result = ClaimAckLinkResult()
+    envelope = getattr(parsed_ta1, "envelope", None)
+    if envelope is None:
+        return result
+    ta1_obj = getattr(parsed_ta1, "ta1", None)
+    ack_code = getattr(ta1_obj, "ack_code", None) or ""
+
+    # Dedup: same (ack_kind, ack_id) → at most one TA1 envelope link.
+    # Done in Python because the partial unique index requires
+    # claim_id IS NOT NULL.
+    from cyclone.db import ClaimAck
+    existing = (
+        session.query(ClaimAck.id)
+        .filter(
+            ClaimAck.ack_kind == "ta1",
+            ClaimAck.ack_id == ack_id,
+            ClaimAck.claim_id.is_(None),
+        )
+        .first()
+    )
+    if existing is not None:
+        return result
+
+    batch = batch_lookup(envelope.sender_id or "", envelope.receiver_id or "")
+    if batch is None:
+        orphan_key = (
+            getattr(ta1_obj, "control_number", None)
+            or envelope.control_number
+            or ""
+        )
+        result.orphans.append(orphan_key)
+        return result
+
+    result.linked.append(ClaimAckLinkRow(
+        claim_id=None,
+        batch_id=batch.id,
+        ak2_index=None,
+        set_control_number=None,
+        set_accept_reject_code=ack_code,
+    ))
+    return result
+
+
+def link_manual(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    claim_id: str,
+    ack_kind: str,
+    ack_id: int,
+    set_control_number: Optional[str] = None,
+    set_accept_reject_code: Optional[str] = None,
+    ak2_index: Optional[int] = None,
+    now: Optional[datetime] = None,
+) -> ClaimAckLinkRow:
+    """Return one manual link row (the caller persists it via the store).
+
+    Used by ``POST /api/acks/{kind}/{ack_id}/match-claim``. Returns a
+    :class:`ClaimAckLinkRow` describing the row to insert. The caller
+    is responsible for persistence so it can own the publish-from-store
+    contract.
+
+    Idempotency: callers should pre-check via ``session.query(ClaimAck)
+    .filter(...).first()`` and skip when a row already exists; the
+    :class:`cyclone.store.claim_acks.add_claim_ack` implementation also
+    re-checks via the partial unique index.
+
+    Raises ``LookupError`` when the referenced claim doesn't exist
+    (the caller maps that to 404).
+    """
+    if ack_kind not in ("999", "277ca", "ta1"):
+        raise ValueError(f"link_manual: unknown ack_kind={ack_kind!r}")
+    claim = session.get(Claim, claim_id)
+    if claim is None:
+        raise LookupError(f"claim {claim_id} not found")
+    return ClaimAckLinkRow(
+        claim_id=claim_id,
+        batch_id=None,
+        ak2_index=ak2_index,
+        set_control_number=set_control_number,
+        set_accept_reject_code=set_accept_reject_code,
+    )
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "ClaimAckLinkResult",
+    "ClaimAckLinkRow",
+    "apply_999_acceptances",
+    "apply_277ca_acks",
+    "apply_ta1_envelope_link",
+    "link_manual",
+    "lookup_claims_for_ack_set_response",
+]

backend/src/cyclone/clearhouse/__init__.py

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ stub secret and the paramiko auth will fail loudly at connect time.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import asyncio
 import io
 import logging
 import os
@@ -40,6 +41,75 @@ from cyclone.providers import SftpBlock
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Per-op SFTP timeout (SP27 Task 8)
+#
+# paramiko is synchronous; without a timeout, a hung ``listdir_attr``
+# freezes the worker thread indefinitely. The 06/25 silent hang was
+# exactly this — the MFT server TCP-acked but stopped responding, the
+# scheduler's ``asyncio.to_thread`` waited forever, and the operator
+# had no signal that polling had stalled.
+#
+# The async wrappers below apply ``asyncio.wait_for`` to every SFTP
+# call site so the event loop can give up after the configured bound.
+# The bound is read fresh on every call (env-var-only, no module-level
+# cache) so an operator who tunes the value at runtime picks it up on
+# the next poll.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_DEFAULT_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 30.0
+
+
+def _op_timeout_seconds() -> float:
+    """Per-op SFTP timeout from ``CYCLONE_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS``.
+
+    Default 30s. Picked to comfortably outlast Gainwell's p99
+    listdir_attr (~2s) while still surfacing real hangs inside one
+    scheduler tick. Operators who hit repeated timeouts should drop
+    this — but the right answer is to fix the MFT server, not to
+    paper over it here.
+    """
+    raw = os.environ.get("CYCLONE_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS")
+    if not raw:
+        return _DEFAULT_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
+    try:
+        value = float(raw)
+    except ValueError:
+        log.warning(
+            "CYCLONE_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS=%r is not a float; using default %.1fs",
+            raw, _DEFAULT_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
+        )
+        return _DEFAULT_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
+    if value <= 0:
+        # ``asyncio.wait_for(timeout=0)`` raises immediately, and
+        # ``wait_for(timeout<0)`` is undefined per the asyncio docs.
+        # A zero/negative setting would silently turn every SFTP call
+        # into an instant timeout (a wave of bogus "list_inbound:
+        # timeout" errors). Treat the value as bad and fall back.
+        log.warning(
+            "CYCLONE_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS=%r must be positive; using default %.1fs",
+            raw, _DEFAULT_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
+        )
+        return _DEFAULT_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS
+    return value
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class SftpStat:
+    """File metadata returned by :meth:`SftpClient.stat`.
+
+    Mirrors the subset of paramiko's ``SFTPAttributes`` that callers
+    actually need (``size``, ``modified_at``). Keeping the surface
+    narrow means callers don't need to import paramiko to consume
+    the result, and the wrapper's stub mode can populate it from a
+    plain ``os.stat_result`` without any paramiko dance.
+
+    Frozen so callers can hash / cache the result if they need to.
+    """
+    size: int
+    modified_at: datetime | None = None
+
+
 @dataclass
 class InboundFile:
     """A single file observed in the inbound MFT path."""
@@ -87,11 +157,70 @@ class SftpClient:
         dir and returns :class:`InboundFile` records pointing at the
         cache copy. The remote file is *not* deleted — the operator
         archives inbound files in the MFT UI.
+
+        Gainwell's MFT puts advisory ``*_warn.txt`` files in the same
+        inbound path. They're text-format side-channel notes (not X12
+        envelopes) and are skipped at list time. Use
+        :meth:`list_inbound_names` if you need the raw list without
+        the download.
         """
         if self._stub:
             return self._list_inbound_stub()
         return self._list_inbound_paramiko()
 
+    def list_inbound_names(self) -> list[InboundFile]:
+        """Lightweight listing: returns metadata only, no file download.
+
+        Use this when you want to filter the inbound set (e.g. by date)
+        before paying the download cost. Pair with
+        :meth:`download_inbound` to fetch a filtered subset on demand.
+
+        Real mode is implemented as a single SFTP ``listdir_attr`` call
+        — sub-second on Gainwell's MFT — versus the full
+        :meth:`list_inbound` which downloads every file. The
+        ``*_warn.txt`` advisory files are filtered out the same way.
+
+        Stub mode returns the same as :meth:`list_inbound` (the stub
+        only knows about local files; no download cost).
+        """
+        if self._stub:
+            return self._list_inbound_stub()
+        return self._list_inbound_names_paramiko()
+
+    def download_inbound(self, f: InboundFile) -> Path:
+        """Download a single inbound file to its ``local_path``.
+
+        Idempotent: if ``f.local_path`` already exists and is
+        non-empty, the download is skipped. Callers should use the
+        ``InboundFile`` returned by :meth:`list_inbound_names` and pass
+        it back here — ``local_path`` is the planned cache location
+        and matches the path the scheduler will read from.
+
+        Returns:
+            The on-disk path (same as ``f.local_path``).
+
+        Raises:
+            FileNotFoundError: if the file is missing locally in stub
+                mode, or if the remote file disappears between list
+                and download in real mode.
+        """
+        if f.local_path.exists() and f.local_path.stat().st_size > 0:
+            log.debug(
+                "SFTP: %s already cached at %s, skipping download",
+                f.name, f.local_path,
+            )
+            return f.local_path
+        if self._stub:
+            # Stub mode: no remote — the file is supposed to already be
+            # at f.local_path (operator-dropped). If it isn't there, the
+            # operator hasn't seeded the stub; raise loudly.
+            if not f.local_path.is_file():
+                raise FileNotFoundError(
+                    f"inbound stub file not found: {f.local_path}"
+                )
+            return f.local_path
+        return self._download_inbound_paramiko(f)
+
     def read_file(self, remote_path: str) -> bytes:
         """Read bytes from a remote path.
 
@@ -103,6 +232,30 @@ class SftpClient:
             return self._read_file_stub(remote_path)
         return self._read_file_paramiko(remote_path)
 
+    def stat(self, remote_path: str) -> SftpStat:
+        """Return file metadata for ``remote_path``.
+
+        Mirrors the subset of paramiko's ``SFTPAttributes`` that
+        callers need (``size`` for idempotency checks; ``modified_at``
+        for cache-busting). The SP37 submission helper uses
+        ``stat().size`` to short-circuit re-uploads of already-uploaded
+        files (the SKIPPED outcome path).
+
+        Stub mode: reads ``os.stat_result`` from
+        ``{staging_dir}/{remote_path}``.
+
+        Real mode: calls ``sftp.stat(remote_path)`` on a paramiko
+        connection.
+
+        Raises:
+            FileNotFoundError: if ``remote_path`` does not exist
+                (stub: missing local file; real: paramiko raises
+                ``IOError`` which is a ``FileNotFoundError`` subclass).
+        """
+        if self._stub:
+            return self._stat_stub(remote_path)
+        return self._stat_paramiko(remote_path)
+
     def _read_file_stub(self, remote_path: str) -> bytes:
         """Read bytes from ``{staging_dir}/{remote_path}`` (SP16 stub)."""
         staging = Path(self._block.staging_dir).resolve()
@@ -111,6 +264,25 @@ class SftpClient:
             raise FileNotFoundError(f"inbound stub file not found: {target}")
         return target.read_bytes()
 
+    def _stat_stub(self, remote_path: str) -> SftpStat:
+        """Return ``SftpStat`` for ``{staging_dir}/{remote_path}`` (SP37 stub).
+
+        Mirrors what paramiko's ``sftp.stat()`` returns in real mode:
+        ``size`` from ``st.st_size`` and ``modified_at`` from
+        ``st.st_mtime``. Raises ``FileNotFoundError`` if the local
+        file is missing — matches paramiko's ``IOError`` behavior
+        so the caller doesn't need to special-case stub mode.
+        """
+        staging = Path(self._block.staging_dir).resolve()
+        target = staging / remote_path.lstrip("/")
+        if not target.is_file():
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"inbound stub file not found: {target}")
+        st = target.stat()
+        return SftpStat(
+            size=st.st_size,
+            modified_at=datetime.fromtimestamp(st.st_mtime),
+        )
+
     def get_secret(self, name: str) -> Optional[str]:
         """Fetch the auth secret from Keychain. Returns the stub secret if absent."""
         value = secrets.get_secret(name)
@@ -119,6 +291,37 @@ class SftpClient:
             return secrets.STUB_SECRET
         return value
 
+    # ---- Async surface (SP27 Task 8) -----------------------------------
+    #
+    # Every sync SFTP call has an async wrapper that runs the paramiko
+    # call on a worker thread and applies an ``asyncio.wait_for(...
+    # timeout=N)`` around it. The wait_for cancels the awaiter but
+    # leaves the worker thread running until paramiko returns on its
+    # own (paramiko is not asyncio-aware, so we can't cancel the
+    # underlying socket cleanly). The scheduler should treat
+    # ``asyncio.TimeoutError`` from these wrappers as a transient
+    # SFTP error and surface it in ``Scheduler.status()`` (Task 9).
+    #
+    # The timeout is read on every call (see ``_op_timeout_seconds``)
+    # so an operator who tunes ``CYCLONE_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS`` at
+    # runtime sees the new value on the next tick.
+
+    async def async_list_inbound(self) -> list["InboundFile"]:
+        """Async-wrapped :meth:`list_inbound` with a per-op timeout.
+
+        The 06/25 silent hang was a hung ``listdir_attr`` that froze
+        the worker thread indefinitely. This wrapper applies
+        ``asyncio.wait_for(...)`` so the event loop can give up after
+        ``CYCLONE_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS`` (default 30s) and the
+        scheduler tick can surface the timeout in
+        ``result.errors`` (and, once Task 9 lands, in
+        ``Scheduler.status()``).
+        """
+        return await asyncio.wait_for(
+            asyncio.to_thread(self.list_inbound),
+            timeout=_op_timeout_seconds(),
+        )
+
     # ---- Stub implementations (SP9) -------------------------------------
 
     def _write_bytes_stub(self, remote_path: str, content: bytes) -> Path:
@@ -284,6 +487,12 @@ class SftpClient:
                 if attr.st_mode and (attr.st_mode & 0o170000) == 0o040000:
                     # Directory entry — skip.
                     continue
+                if attr.filename.endswith("_warn.txt"):
+                    # Gainwell's MFT drops text-format advisory notes in
+                    # the same inbound path. They're side-channel noise,
+                    # not X12 envelopes — skip at list time so we don't
+                    # download ~600 advisory files per poll.
+                    continue
                 remote = f"{inbound_dir.rstrip('/')}/{attr.filename}"
                 cache_path = cache_dir / attr.filename
                 # Download into cache. We use ``prefetch`` to keep memory
@@ -299,6 +508,56 @@ class SftpClient:
                 ))
             return files
 
+    def _list_inbound_names_paramiko(self) -> list[InboundFile]:
+        """List inbound names via paramiko; do NOT download (lightweight).
+
+        Same ``listdir_attr`` iteration as
+        :meth:`_list_inbound_paramiko`, but the returned
+        :class:`InboundFile` records have ``local_path`` set to the
+        planned cache location without actually fetching the file.
+        Pair with :meth:`_download_inbound_paramiko` to fetch on
+        demand. Skips ``*_warn.txt`` advisory files the same way.
+        """
+        with self._connect() as (ssh, sftp):
+            inbound_dir = self._block.paths.get("inbound", "/")
+            staging = Path(self._block.staging_dir).resolve()
+            inbound_rel = inbound_dir.lstrip("/")
+            cache_dir = staging / inbound_rel
+            cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+            files: list[InboundFile] = []
+            try:
+                attrs = sftp.listdir_attr(inbound_dir)
+            except IOError as exc:
+                log.warning("SFTP: cannot list %s: %s", inbound_dir, exc)
+                return []
+
+            for attr in sorted(attrs, key=lambda a: a.filename):
+                if attr.st_mode and (attr.st_mode & 0o170000) == 0o040000:
+                    # Directory entry — skip.
+                    continue
+                if attr.filename.endswith("_warn.txt"):
+                    continue
+                cache_path = cache_dir / attr.filename
+                files.append(InboundFile(
+                    name=attr.filename,
+                    size=attr.st_size or 0,
+                    modified_at=datetime.fromtimestamp(attr.st_mtime or 0),
+                    local_path=cache_path,
+                ))
+            return files
+
+    def _download_inbound_paramiko(self, f: InboundFile) -> Path:
+        """Download a single ``f`` to ``f.local_path`` (idempotent on size>0)."""
+        with self._connect() as (ssh, sftp):
+            inbound_dir = self._block.paths.get("inbound", "/")
+            remote = f"{inbound_dir.rstrip('/')}/{f.name}"
+            f.local_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+            with sftp.open(remote, "rb") as src, open(f.local_path, "wb") as dst:
+                shutil.copyfileobj(src, dst, length=64 * 1024)
+            log.info("SFTP: downloaded %d bytes for %s", f.local_path.stat().st_size, f.name)
+            return f.local_path
+
     def _read_file_paramiko(self, remote_path: str) -> bytes:
         with self._connect() as (ssh, sftp):
             buf = io.BytesIO()
@@ -306,6 +565,20 @@ class SftpClient:
                 shutil.copyfileobj(f, buf, length=64 * 1024)
             return buf.getvalue()
 
+    def _stat_paramiko(self, remote_path: str) -> SftpStat:
+        """Return ``SftpStat`` for ``remote_path`` via paramiko.
+
+        Paramiko's ``SFTPAttributes`` already provides ``st_size`` and
+        ``st_mtime``; we project them into our narrow public
+        ``SftpStat`` shape so callers don't need to know about paramiko.
+        """
+        with self._connect() as (ssh, sftp):
+            attr = sftp.stat(remote_path)
+            return SftpStat(
+                size=attr.st_size or 0,
+                modified_at=datetime.fromtimestamp(attr.st_mtime or 0),
+            )
+
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Module-level helper

backend/src/cyclone/cli.py

@@ -74,6 +74,18 @@ def main(ctx: click.Context, log_format: str | None, log_file: Path | None) -> N
     ctx.ensure_object(dict)
 
 
+# Register the auth users subgroup. Imported here (not at module top) to
+# avoid pulling passlib / bcrypt at CLI parse-only import time.
+from cyclone.auth.cli import users_cli  # noqa: E402
+main.add_command(users_cli)
+
+# Register the dev seed subcommand. Imported here for the same lazy-load
+# reason as users_cli — keeps passlib/bcrypt + SQLAlchemy out of the
+# parse-only path so ``python -m cyclone --help`` stays snappy.
+from cyclone.seed_cli import seed_cli  # noqa: E402
+main.add_command(seed_cli)
+
+
 @main.command("parse-837")
 @click.argument("input_file", type=click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, path_type=Path))
 @click.option("--output-dir", required=True, type=click.Path(file_okay=False, path_type=Path))
@@ -285,8 +297,95 @@ def validate_tax_id_cmd(tax_id: str, log_level: str) -> None:
     sys.exit(1)
 
 
-if __name__ == "__main__":
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    main()
+# SP32: `cyclone backfill-rendering-npi` (Task 6)
+#
+# Re-parses on-disk 837p/835 files and patches up the typed NPI columns
+# (``Claim.rendering_provider_npi`` / ``Remittance.rendering_provider_npi``)
+# for rows that were ingested before the T4 writers took effect.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@main.command("backfill-rendering-npi")
+@click.option(
+    "--file", "files",
+    multiple=True,
+    type=click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, path_type=Path),
+    help=(
+        "Path to a specific file to re-parse. May be passed multiple times. "
+        "Mutually informative with --input-dir (both are processed)."
+    ),
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--input-dir",
+    type=click.Path(file_okay=False, path_type=Path),
+    default=None,
+    help=(
+        "Directory to scan one level deep for *.txt / *.edi / *.x12 files. "
+        "Honors CYCLONE_BACKFILL_INPUT_DIR if --input-dir is not passed."
+    ),
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--type", "transaction_type",
+    type=click.Choice(["837p", "835"]),
+    default=None,
+    help=(
+        "Pin the parser to use. Without --type, each file's transaction "
+        "kind is sniffed (filename hint + ISA/ST prefix)."
+    ),
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--log-level",
+    default="INFO",
+    show_default=True,
+    type=click.Choice(["DEBUG", "INFO", "WARNING", "ERROR"]),
+)
+def backfill_rendering_npi(
+    files: tuple[Path, ...],
+    input_dir: Path | None,
+    transaction_type: str | None,
+    log_level: str,
+) -> None:
+    """Re-parse on-disk X12 files to populate the rendering NPI columns.
+
+    Idempotent: rows whose ``rendering_provider_npi`` is already non-NULL
+    are left untouched. After patching, runs :func:`cyclone.reconcile.run`
+    once across every 835 batch so the T5 scoring arm can fire
+    retroactively on the touched pairs.
+
+    Exit code: 0 on a successful run (zero populated rows is still exit 0).
+    """
+    from cyclone import db as _db
+    from cyclone.store.backfill import backfill_rendering_provider_npi
+
+    # SP18: re-run setup so per-command --log-level overrides the
+    # group default. ``setup_logging`` is idempotent.
+    setup_logging(level=log_level)
+
+    # The backup pattern: each CLI subcommand that touches the DB
+    # initializes it explicitly so ``python -m cyclone.cli backup list``
+    # works on a fresh machine with no prior app boot.
+    _db.init_db()
+
+    # --input-dir falls back to CYCLONE_BACKFILL_INPUT_DIR.
+    if input_dir is None and not files:
+        env_dir = os.environ.get("CYCLONE_BACKFILL_INPUT_DIR", "").strip()
+        if env_dir:
+            input_dir = Path(env_dir)
+
+    summary = backfill_rendering_provider_npi(
+        files=list(files) if files else None,
+        input_dir=input_dir,
+        transaction_type=transaction_type,
+    )
+
+    # One-line summary so operators can grep a log scrape quickly.
+    click.echo(
+        f"claims_updated={summary.claims_updated} "
+        f"remits_updated={summary.remits_updated} "
+        f"files_processed={summary.files_processed} "
+        f"files_skipped={summary.files_skipped}"
+    )
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -300,6 +399,468 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP33: `cyclone backfill-999-rejections`
+#
+# One-shot replay of the cascade fix in `apply_999_rejections` for any
+# 999 acks already in the DB. Used on the night of 2026-07-02 after
+# Gainwell rejected the four dzinesco batches at the SET level
+# ("2010BB NM109 must equal CO_TXIX") — the 999s were ingested but the
+# pre-SP33 cascade bug didn't flip claim states, so the dashboard's
+# "0/145 accepted" widget was lying.
+#
+# Idempotent: claims already in REJECTED are skipped (counted in
+# `already_rejected`). Safe to re-run.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@main.command("backfill-999-rejections")
+@click.option("--dry-run", is_flag=True, default=False,
+              help="Print the would-be state transitions without writing.")
+@click.option("--actor", default="sp33-backfill",
+              show_default=True,
+              help="Audit-log actor tag for the claim.rejected events.")
+def backfill_999_rejections(dry_run: bool, actor: str) -> None:
+    """Replay existing 999 rejections onto already-linked claims (SP33).
+
+    Walks ``claim_acks`` joined with ``claims`` where the link row's
+    ``set_accept_reject_code='R'`` (a SET-level rejection from the 999
+    envelope) and flips the matching claim to ``REJECTED`` — mirroring
+    what the (now-fixed) ``apply_999_rejections`` would have done at
+    ingest time.
+
+    Each flipped claim gets:
+      - ``state`` set to ``REJECTED``
+      - ``state_changed_at`` and ``rejected_at`` set to now
+      - ``rejection_reason`` filled with the 999 AK5 code + SCN
+      - ``payer_rejected_at`` / ``payer_rejected_reason`` /
+        ``payer_rejected_status_code`` filled (the 999 SET-level reject
+        is also a payer-side reject for Inbox-lanes purposes)
+      - one ``claim.rejected`` audit-log event
+
+    Claims already in REJECTED are skipped (counted in the summary).
+    """
+    from datetime import datetime, timezone
+    from sqlalchemy import select, func
+
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+
+    with db_mod.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        # Pull one representative R-coded link per claim_id (a single
+        # 999 may stamp many AK2 rows against the same claim, so we
+        # collapse via MIN(set_control_number) / MIN(ak2_index) to avoid
+        # firing 1 audit event per duplicate ack row).
+        #
+        # 36777 R-coded rows resolve to 339 unique claims (338 still in
+        # SUBMITTED + 1 already in REJECTED). Grouping in SQL keeps the
+        # in-Python loop small AND emits exactly 1 audit event per claim.
+        rows = session.execute(
+            select(
+                db_mod.Claim.id,
+                db_mod.Claim.state,
+                func.min(db_mod.ClaimAck.set_control_number).label("scn"),
+                func.min(db_mod.ClaimAck.ak2_index).label("ak2"),
+                func.min(db_mod.Ack.ack_code).label("ack_code"),
+            )
+            .join(db_mod.ClaimAck, db_mod.ClaimAck.claim_id == db_mod.Claim.id)
+            .join(db_mod.Ack, db_mod.Ack.id == db_mod.ClaimAck.ack_id)
+            .where(db_mod.ClaimAck.set_accept_reject_code == "R")
+            .where(db_mod.ClaimAck.claim_id.is_not(None))
+            .group_by(db_mod.Claim.id, db_mod.Claim.state)
+        ).all()
+
+        matched = 0
+        already = 0
+        errors = 0
+        for (claim_id, current_state, scn, ak2_idx, ack_code) in rows:
+            if current_state == db_mod.ClaimState.REJECTED:
+                already += 1
+                continue
+
+            if dry_run:
+                matched += 1
+                continue
+
+            claim = session.get(db_mod.Claim, claim_id)
+            if claim is None:
+                errors += 1
+                continue
+
+            claim.state = db_mod.ClaimState.REJECTED
+            claim.state_changed_at = now
+            claim.rejected_at = now
+            claim.rejection_reason = (
+                f"999 AK5={ack_code or 'R'} SCN={scn} ak2={ak2_idx}"
+            )
+            # Mirror the 999 SET-level reject into the payer-rejected
+            # lane so the Inbox sees it as a Payer-Rejected claim too.
+            claim.payer_rejected_at = now
+            claim.payer_rejected_reason = f"999 SET-level reject at SCN={scn}"
+            claim.payer_rejected_status_code = "R"
+
+            append_event(session, AuditEvent(
+                event_type="claim.rejected",
+                entity_type="claim",
+                entity_id=claim_id,
+                payload={"source": "backfill-999-rejections",
+                         "scn": scn, "ak2_index": ak2_idx,
+                         "ack_code": ack_code},
+                actor=actor,
+            ))
+            matched += 1
+
+        if not dry_run:
+            session.commit()
+
+    click.echo(
+        f"matched={matched} already_rejected={already} errors={errors} "
+        f"dry_run={dry_run}"
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP33: `cyclone resubmit-rejected-claims`
+#
+# Push the corrected single-claim 837 files to Gainwell's SFTP ToHPE
+# dir so dzinesco can resubmit the batch. The byte-level
+# SKCO0 -> CO_TXIX fix is assumed to have already been applied (see
+# the SP33 plan §4.4 / `docs/ingest/corrected/`). This CLI just walks
+# the corrected directory, validates each file via the parser, and
+# uploads via the real SftpClient.
+#
+# Idempotent: a file already present on the remote with the same byte
+# size is skipped (counted in `skipped`). Re-runnable after a partial
+# failure without re-uploading files that landed.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@main.command("resubmit-rejected-claims")
+@click.option("--ingest-dir", default="ingest/corrected",
+              show_default=True,
+              help="Root dir holding batch-*-claims/ subfolders of fixed .x12 files.")
+@click.option("--actor", default="sp33-resubmit",
+              show_default=True,
+              help="Audit-log actor tag for the clearhouse.submitted events.")
+@click.option("--validate/--no-validate", default=True,
+              help="Parse each file via parse_837 before upload (catches a bad fix).")
+@click.option("--limit", type=int, default=None,
+              help="Stop after checking this many files (smoke-tests). Counts "
+                   "all attempts, not just successful uploads.")
+@click.option("--reconnect-every", type=int, default=50, show_default=True,
+              help="Reconnect SFTP every N uploads to avoid MOVEit's per-session cap.")
+def resubmit_rejected_claims(
+    ingest_dir: str,
+    actor: str,
+    validate: bool,
+    limit: int | None,
+    reconnect_every: int,
+) -> None:
+    """Upload corrected 837 files to the Gainwell SFTP ToHPE dir (SP33).
+
+    Walks every ``batch-*-claims/*.x12`` under ``--ingest-dir`` (default
+    ``./ingest/corrected``), validates each one through ``parse_837``,
+    and uploads via the seeded real-SFTP ``SftpClient``.
+
+    Idempotent: a file already present on the remote with the same
+    byte size is skipped (counted in ``skipped``). Reconnects every
+    ``--reconnect-every`` uploads to avoid MOVEit's silent per-session
+    file cap (observed: ~200 puts/session before silent drops with no
+    exception — see SP33 root-cause notes).
+
+    Doesn't mutate claim state — claims stay in REJECTED until a 999
+    ACK confirms Gainwell accepted the resubmit. Emits one
+    ``clearhouse.submitted`` audit event per successful upload.
+    """
+    import time
+
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+    from cyclone.parsers.parse_837 import parse as parse_837_text
+    from cyclone.parsers.payer import PayerConfig
+    from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+    cycl_store.ensure_clearhouse_seeded()
+    clearhouse = cycl_store.get_clearhouse()
+    if clearhouse is None:
+        click.echo("No clearhouse seeded; cannot resolve SFTP block.", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+    sftp_block = clearhouse.sftp_block
+    if sftp_block.stub:
+        click.echo("Clearhouse SFTP block is in stub mode; refusing to upload.", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+    remote_root = sftp_block.paths["outbound"]
+
+    root = Path(ingest_dir).resolve()
+    if not root.exists():
+        click.echo(f"--ingest-dir does not exist: {root}", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    files: list[Path] = []
+    for batch_dir in sorted(root.glob("batch-*-claims")):
+        files.extend(sorted(p for p in batch_dir.glob("*.x12")
+                            if not p.name.startswith("._")))
+    if not files:
+        click.echo(f"No .x12 files under {root}", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    click.echo(f"found {len(files)} files under {root}")
+
+    uploaded = 0
+    skipped = 0
+    failed = 0
+    validated = 0
+    payer_cfg = PayerConfig.co_medicaid()
+    start = time.monotonic()
+    last_progress = start
+
+    # One persistent paramiko session per batch, with periodic
+    # reconnect to dodge MOVEit's silent per-session file cap
+    # (~200 puts/session, no exception — see SP33 root-cause notes).
+    import paramiko
+    from cyclone.secrets import get_secret
+
+    def _open_session() -> tuple[paramiko.SSHClient, paramiko.SFTPClient]:
+        pw = get_secret(sftp_block.auth.get("password_keychain_account", ""))
+        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
+        ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
+        ssh.connect(
+            sftp_block.host, port=sftp_block.port,
+            username=sftp_block.username, password=pw,
+            timeout=15, banner_timeout=15, auth_timeout=15,
+        )
+        return ssh, ssh.open_sftp()
+
+    def _close_session(ssh: paramiko.SSHClient | None) -> None:
+        if ssh is None:
+            return
+        try: ssh.close()
+        except Exception: pass
+
+    ssh: paramiko.SSHClient | None = None
+    sftp: paramiko.SFTPClient | None = None
+
+    for i, src in enumerate(files, 1):
+        if limit is not None and i > limit:
+            break
+
+        content = src.read_bytes()
+
+        # Validate: parse must succeed AND payer_id must match the
+        # companion-guide CO_TXIX (catches a bad byte-fix early).
+        if validate:
+            try:
+                parsed = parse_837_text(content.decode(), payer_cfg)
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                failed += 1
+                click.echo(f"PARSE FAIL  {src.name}: {exc.__class__.__name__}: {exc}", err=True)
+                continue
+            mismatch = next(
+                (c for c in parsed.claims if c.payer.id != "CO_TXIX"), None
+            )
+            if mismatch is not None:
+                failed += 1
+                click.echo(
+                    f"PAYER MISMATCH  {src.name}: payer.id={mismatch.payer.id!r} "
+                    f"(expected 'CO_TXIX')", err=True,
+                )
+                continue
+            validated += 1
+
+        local_size = len(content)
+        remote_path = f"{remote_root}/{src.name}"
+
+        attempts = 0
+        ok = False
+        was_skipped = False
+        while attempts < 3:
+            attempts += 1
+            if ssh is None:
+                try:
+                    ssh, sftp = _open_session()
+                except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                    click.echo(
+                        f"SFTP CONNECT FAIL  attempt {attempts}: "
+                        f"{exc.__class__.__name__}: {exc}", err=True,
+                    )
+                    continue
+            try:
+                # Idempotency check.
+                try:
+                    rs = sftp.stat(remote_path)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                    if rs.st_size == local_size:
+                        skipped += 1
+                        was_skipped = True
+                        break
+                except IOError:
+                    pass  # not on remote yet
+                sftp.put(str(src), remote_path)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+                ok = True
+                break
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                # Connection died — drop the session and let the next
+                # attempt reopen.
+                _close_session(ssh)
+                ssh, sftp = None, None
+                if attempts >= 3:
+                    click.echo(
+                        f"UPLOAD FAIL  {src.name}: "
+                        f"{exc.__class__.__name__}: {exc}", err=True,
+                    )
+                continue
+
+        if not ok and not was_skipped:
+            failed += 1
+            continue
+
+        # Audit + reconnect cadence apply only to real uploads.
+        if not was_skipped:
+            # Audit (best-effort; if the DB is unavailable we still
+            # keep the file on the wire).
+            try:
+                with db_mod.SessionLocal()() as session:
+                    append_event(session, AuditEvent(
+                        event_type="clearhouse.submitted",
+                        entity_type="claim_file",
+                        entity_id=src.name,
+                        payload={"remote_path": remote_path,
+                                 "source": "resubmit-rejected-claims",
+                                 "size": local_size},
+                        actor=actor,
+                    ))
+                    session.commit()
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                click.echo(
+                    f"audit-log write failed for {src.name}: "
+                    f"{exc.__class__.__name__}: {exc}", err=True,
+                )
+
+            uploaded += 1
+
+            # Reconnect periodically to dodge MOVEit's per-session cap.
+            if uploaded % reconnect_every == 0:
+                click.echo(f"reconnecting (after {uploaded} uploads)", err=True)
+                _close_session(ssh)
+                ssh, sftp = None, None
+
+        # Progress every 10s of wall-clock (or at end).
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        if now - last_progress >= 10 or i == len(files):
+            elapsed = now - start
+            rate = uploaded / elapsed if elapsed else 0
+            click.echo(
+                f"progress {i}/{len(files)} uploaded={uploaded} "
+                f"skipped={skipped} failed={failed} rate={rate:.2f}/s "
+                f"elapsed={elapsed:.1f}s", err=True,
+            )
+            last_progress = now
+
+    # Tear down the long-lived session if one is still open.
+    if ssh is not None:
+        _close_session(ssh)
+
+    elapsed = time.monotonic() - start
+    click.echo(
+        f"DONE uploaded={uploaded} skipped={skipped} failed={failed} "
+        f"validated={validated} files_total={len(files)} elapsed={elapsed:.1f}s"
+    )
+
+
+@main.command("submit-batch")
+@click.option("--ingest-dir", default="ingest",
+              show_default=True,
+              help="Root dir holding batch-*-claims/ subfolders of .x12 files.")
+@click.option("--actor", default="cli-submit-batch",
+              show_default=True,
+              help="Audit-log actor tag for the clearhouse.submitted events.")
+@click.option("--validate/--no-validate", default=True,
+              help="Parse each file via parse_837 before upload.")
+@click.option("--limit", type=int, default=None,
+              help="Stop after N files (smoke-tests).")
+def submit_batch(
+    ingest_dir: str,
+    actor: str,
+    validate: bool,
+    limit: int | None,
+) -> None:
+    """Parse → DB-write → SFTP-upload each batch-*-claims/*.x12 (SP37).
+
+    Canonical outbound path. Mirrors ``resubmit-rejected-claims`` but
+    routes through ``cyclone.submission.submit_file``, which writes to
+    the DB before uploading. Use this as the preferred outbound path;
+    ``resubmit-rejected-claims`` remains for one-off cases where you
+    don't want a DB row (dzinesco-generated fixes not ready for
+    canonical tracking).
+
+    Exit codes: 0 = run completed (even with per-file failures), 1 =
+    unexpected exception, 2 = config-level failure (no clearhouse,
+    SFTP block in stub mode, ingest-dir missing).
+    """
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone.submission.core import submit_file
+    from cyclone.submission.result import SubmitOutcome
+    from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+    cycl_store.ensure_clearhouse_seeded()
+    clearhouse = cycl_store.get_clearhouse()
+    if clearhouse is None:
+        click.echo("No clearhouse seeded; cannot resolve SFTP block.", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+    sftp_block = clearhouse.sftp_block
+    if sftp_block.stub:
+        click.echo("Clearhouse SFTP block is in stub mode; refusing to upload.", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    root = Path(ingest_dir).resolve()
+    if not root.exists():
+        click.echo(f"--ingest-dir does not exist: {root}", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    files: list[Path] = []
+    for batch_dir in sorted(root.glob("batch-*-claims")):
+        files.extend(sorted(p for p in batch_dir.glob("*.x12")
+                            if not p.name.startswith("._")))
+    if not files:
+        click.echo(f"No .x12 files under {root}", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    click.echo(f"found {len(files)} files under {root}")
+
+    submitted = 0
+    skipped = 0
+    failed = 0
+    for i, src in enumerate(files, 1):
+        if limit is not None and i > limit:
+            break
+        try:
+            result = submit_file(
+                src, sftp_block=sftp_block, actor=actor, validate=validate,
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            click.echo(f"UNEXPECTED  {src.name}: {exc.__class__.__name__}: {exc}", err=True)
+            failed += 1
+            continue
+        if result.outcome == SubmitOutcome.SUBMITTED:
+            submitted += 1
+            click.echo(f"submitted  {src.name}  batch={result.batch_id}")
+        elif result.outcome == SubmitOutcome.SKIPPED:
+            skipped += 1
+            click.echo(f"skipped    {src.name}  (already uploaded)")
+        else:
+            failed += 1
+            click.echo(
+                f"{result.outcome.value:<10}  {src.name}  {result.error or ''}",
+                err=True,
+            )
+
+    click.echo(f"\nsummary: submitted={submitted} skipped={skipped} failed={failed}")
+    # Per-file failures don't bump exit code; details in stdout.
+    # (Per cyclone-cli convention.)
+
+
 @main.group()
 def backup() -> None:
     """Encrypted DB backup management (SP17)."""
@@ -557,3 +1118,263 @@ def backup_status() -> None:
     snap = svc.status()
     import json
     click.echo(json.dumps(snap, indent=2, default=str))
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP-N fix: `cyclone pull-inbound` — targeted inbound pull + process
+#
+# Mirrors POST /api/admin/scheduler/pull-inbound. For operators who
+# want to drive the daily "process today's 999s" workflow from a cron
+# job or shell script without going through the HTTP API.
+#
+# Exit codes:
+#   0  — processed ≥1 file (or processed 0 with no matches: not an
+#        error, just nothing to do)
+#   1  — unexpected exception
+#   2  — SFTP / config error
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@main.command("pull-inbound")
+@click.option(
+    "--date", "date_str",
+    required=True,
+    help="Date filter YYYYMMDD — only files whose 8-digit timestamp "
+         "substring matches are downloaded and processed.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--block", "sftp_block_name",
+    default="dzinesco",
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Name of the SftpBlock in config/payers.yaml to use.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--file-types", "file_types_csv",
+    default=None,
+    help="Comma-separated whitelist (default: 999,TA1).",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--limit", default=2000, show_default=True, type=int,
+)
+def pull_inbound(
+    date_str: str,
+    sftp_block_name: str,
+    file_types_csv: str | None,
+    limit: int,
+) -> None:
+    """List, date-filter, download, and process inbound MFT files.
+
+    Bypasses the alphabetical full-listing pass so a daily pull of
+    ~400 files takes seconds, not hours. Files already in the local
+    cache are skipped (idempotent).
+    """
+    import asyncio as _asyncio
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone import scheduler as scheduler_mod
+    from cyclone.edi.filenames import ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES
+    from cyclone.clearhouse import SftpClient
+    from cyclone.providers import SftpBlock
+
+    # Validate the date filter.
+    if not (len(date_str) == 8 and date_str.isdigit()):
+        click.echo(f"--date must be YYYYMMDD, got {date_str!r}", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+
+    # Find the SftpBlock. The dzinesco clearhouse singleton is seeded
+    # by store.ensure_clearhouse_seeded() (SP9) and carries the
+    # production SFTP block; that's the only one we have at the
+    # moment. For multi-provider SFTP, a config-loader is the right
+    # thing — out of scope for this CLI which is the daily-pull path.
+    from cyclone import store as store_mod
+    store_mod.store.ensure_clearhouse_seeded()
+    clearhouse = store_mod.store.get_clearhouse()
+    if clearhouse is None or clearhouse.name != sftp_block_name:
+        # Fall back: try the named block, but v1 only ships the
+        # dzinesco singleton.
+        if clearhouse is None:
+            click.echo(
+                f"No clearhouse seeded — cannot find SftpBlock "
+                f"{sftp_block_name!r}.",
+                err=True,
+            )
+            sys.exit(2)
+        click.echo(
+            f"SftpBlock {sftp_block_name!r} not seeded; only "
+            f"{clearhouse.name!r} is available.",
+            err=True,
+        )
+        sys.exit(2)
+    block: SftpBlock = clearhouse.sftp_block
+
+    if file_types_csv:
+        wanted = {t.strip().upper() for t in file_types_csv.split(",") if t.strip()}
+        unknown = wanted - ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES
+        if unknown:
+            click.echo(
+                f"file_types {sorted(unknown)!r} not in {sorted(ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES)}",
+                err=True,
+            )
+            sys.exit(2)
+    else:
+        wanted = {"999", "TA1"}
+
+    # Wire up the scheduler singleton (re-use the same pipeline the
+    # HTTP endpoint uses, including the dedup via processed_inbound_files).
+    scheduler_mod.configure_scheduler(
+        block, sftp_block_name=sftp_block_name, force=True,
+    )
+    sched = scheduler_mod.get_scheduler()
+    client = SftpClient(block)
+
+    async def _run() -> dict:
+        from cyclone.edi.filenames import parse_inbound_filename
+
+        all_files = await _asyncio.to_thread(client.list_inbound_names)
+        matched: list = []
+        for f in all_files:
+            if f.name.find(date_str) == -1:
+                continue
+            try:
+                parsed = parse_inbound_filename(f.name)
+            except ValueError:
+                continue
+            if parsed.file_type not in wanted:
+                continue
+            matched.append(f)
+            if len(matched) >= limit:
+                break
+
+        download_errors: list[str] = []
+        downloaded = 0
+        for f in matched:
+            try:
+                await _asyncio.to_thread(client.download_inbound, f)
+                downloaded += 1
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                download_errors.append(f"{f.name}: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}")
+
+        tick = await sched.process_inbound_files(matched)
+        return {
+            "listed": len(all_files),
+            "matched": len(matched),
+            "downloaded": downloaded,
+            "download_errors": download_errors,
+            "processed": tick.files_processed,
+            "skipped": tick.files_skipped,
+            "errored": tick.files_errored,
+        }
+
+    try:
+        summary = _asyncio.run(_run())
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        click.echo(f"pull-inbound failed: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}", err=True)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    click.echo(
+        f"date={date_str} file_types={sorted(wanted)} block={sftp_block_name} "
+        f"listed={summary['listed']} matched={summary['matched']} "
+        f"downloaded={summary['downloaded']} processed={summary['processed']} "
+        f"skipped={summary['skipped']} errored={summary['errored']}"
+    )
+    if summary["download_errors"]:
+        click.echo("download errors:", err=True)
+        for e in summary["download_errors"]:
+            click.echo(f"  {e}", err=True)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP38: ack-orphans status + reconcile
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@main.group("ack-orphans")
+def ack_orphans_group() -> None:
+    """Inspect and reconcile 999 acks with no resolvable source claim.
+
+    "Orphans" are 999 acks whose source 837 batch is not present in
+    the ``batches`` table — typically because the source 837 was
+    submitted to HPE before the current ``cyclone.db`` snapshot was
+    created. They are real production data (valid audit history) but
+    cannot be auto-linked to claims.
+
+    See ``docs/superpowers/specs/2026-07-07-cyclone-orphan-ack-housekeeping-design.md``
+    for the full design and operator triage workflow.
+    """
+
+
+@ack_orphans_group.command("status")
+def ack_orphans_status_cmd() -> None:
+    """Print a per-ST02 summary of orphan 999 acks.
+
+    One row per distinct orphan ``set_control_number`` (ST02), ranked
+    by ``ack_count DESC`` so the heaviest backlog surfaces first.
+    Plus a TOTAL row at the bottom.
+
+    Exit codes: 0 on success, 1 on DB error.
+    """
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+    try:
+        db_mod.init_db()
+        summary = cycl_store.find_ack_orphan_st02_summary()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        click.echo(f"ack-orphans status failed: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}", err=True)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    if not summary:
+        click.echo("no orphans (acks is empty or all are linked)")
+        return
+
+    # Table layout: ST02 | ACK COUNT | HAS BATCH
+    click.echo(f"{'ST02':<15} {'ACK COUNT':>10}   HAS BATCH")
+    click.echo(f"{'----':-<15} {'---------':->10}   ---------")
+    total = 0
+    for row in summary:
+        marker = "yes" if row["has_batch"] else "no"
+        click.echo(
+            f"{row['st02']:<15} {row['ack_count']:>10}   {marker}"
+        )
+        total += row["ack_count"]
+    click.echo(f"{'TOTAL':<15} {total:>10}")
+
+
+@ack_orphans_group.command("reconcile")
+@click.option("--dry-run", is_flag=True,
+              help="Print the plan but do not insert any rows.")
+def ack_orphans_reconcile_cmd(dry_run: bool) -> None:
+    """Insert synthetic batches rows for orphan ST02s that lack one.
+
+    For every orphan ST02 where no ``batches`` row exists, insert a
+    synthetic row marked with ``input_filename =
+    '<synthetic:orphan-reconcile>'`` so future 999 acks for the same
+    ST02s can resolve against the ``batch_envelope_index`` (though
+    they still won't link to claims — the source 837s were never
+    ingested).
+
+    Idempotent: re-running after a successful pass is a no-op.
+
+    Exit codes: 0 on success, 1 on DB error.
+    """
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+    try:
+        db_mod.init_db()
+        plan = cycl_store.reconcile_orphan_st02s(dry_run=dry_run)
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        click.echo(f"ack-orphans reconcile failed: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}", err=True)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    click.echo(
+        f"Created: {plan['created']} synthetic batch rows. "
+        f"Skipped: {plan['skipped']} (already had a batch row)."
+    )
+    if dry_run:
+        click.echo("(dry-run — no rows inserted)")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

backend/src/cyclone/db.py

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ from sqlalchemy import (
     Numeric,
     String,
     Text,
+    func,
     text,
 )
 from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column, relationship, sessionmaker
@@ -220,6 +221,13 @@ class Batch(Base):
     totals_json: Mapped[Optional[dict]] = mapped_column(JSONText, nullable=True)
     validation_json: Mapped[Optional[dict]] = mapped_column(JSONText, nullable=True)
     raw_result_json: Mapped[Optional[dict]] = mapped_column(JSONText, nullable=True)
+    # SP37 Task 2: source 837's ST02 (transaction set control number).
+    # Populated from ``Envelope.transaction_set_control_number`` by
+    # ``store.write.add_record`` for 837P batches; NULL for 835 batches
+    # (the column is an 837P-specific join key for 999 AK2 resolution).
+    # Migration 0020 adds the column additively; no backfill required for
+    # pre-existing rows that lack the value.
+    transaction_set_control_number: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True)
 
     claims: Mapped[list["Claim"]] = relationship(
         back_populates="batch", cascade="all, delete-orphan"
@@ -248,6 +256,7 @@ class Claim(Base):
     service_date_to: Mapped[Optional[date]] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
     charge_amount: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(Numeric(12, 2), nullable=False, default=Decimal("0"))
     provider_npi: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=True)
+    rendering_provider_npi: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=True)
     payer_id: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True)
     state: Mapped[ClaimState] = mapped_column(
         Enum(ClaimState, native_enum=False), nullable=False, default=ClaimState.SUBMITTED
@@ -316,6 +325,13 @@ class Claim(Base):
         Index("ix_claims_state", "state"),
         Index("ix_claims_patient_control_number", "patient_control_number"),
         Index("ix_claims_service_date_from", "service_date_from"),
+        # SP27 Task 11: matched-pair drift check (run at startup)
+        # scans ``WHERE matched_remittance_id IS NOT NULL``. Without
+        # this index it's a full claim scan. The reverse side
+        # (``ix_remittances_claim_id``) is added in 0007. Pure index
+        # (non-unique) — a claim without a match is fine, reversals
+        # leave the previous claim/claim match intact.
+        Index("ix_claims_matched_remittance_id", "matched_remittance_id"),
     )
 
 
@@ -336,6 +352,7 @@ class Remittance(Base):
     claim_id: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(
         String(64), ForeignKey("claims.id"), nullable=True
     )
+    rendering_provider_npi: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=True)
     status_code: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(4), nullable=False)
     status_label: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True)
     total_charge: Mapped[Decimal] = mapped_column(Numeric(12, 2), nullable=False, default=Decimal("0"))
@@ -637,6 +654,76 @@ class Two77caAck(Base):
     )
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP28: per-ACK auto-link join table (claim_acks)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class ClaimAck(Base):
+    """One row per AK2 set-response / ClaimStatus / TA1 envelope link.
+
+    SP28. The durable record of "this ACK acknowledges this claim (or
+    set, or batch)". One 999 row carries many AK2s; one 277CA carries
+    many ClaimStatuses; each gets its own ClaimAck row so the operator
+    can answer "which claims does this ack acknowledge?" with a single
+    SELECT on ``claim_acks``.
+
+    See ``docs/superpowers/specs/2026-07-02-cyclone-ack-claim-auto-link-design.md``
+    §3.1 for the schema decisions (per-AK2 granularity, the two-pass
+    join, idempotency via the unique index).
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "claim_acks"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
+    # FK to claims.id with ON DELETE CASCADE so removing a claim
+    # drops every link row referencing it. NULLable so TA1 envelope-level
+    # rows can populate ``batch_id`` instead (the table CHECK constraint
+    # requires at least one of the two).
+    claim_id: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(
+        String(64), ForeignKey("claims.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=True,
+    )
+    # FK to batches.id (a Batch row in the 837 case, or the synthetic
+    # inbound-batch id when the ack arrived outside the SFTP pipeline).
+    batch_id: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(
+        String(32), ForeignKey("batches.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=True,
+    )
+    # Discriminated union over acks / ta1_acks / two77ca_acks. No FK
+    # constraint because the three target tables are separate; the
+    # application enforces the discriminator + the matching row's id.
+    ack_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+    ack_kind: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(8), nullable=False)
+    ak2_index: Mapped[Optional[int]] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)
+    # The set_control_number the upstream ack ACTUALLY CARRIED
+    # (== source 837 ST02 for Gainwell batches). Preserved on the link
+    # row for orphan traceability — the join may have resolved the
+    # link via the PCN fallback instead, but the operator still sees
+    # the value the 999/277CA originally carried.
+    set_control_number: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=True)
+    # AK5 code (A/E/R/X) for 999, STC category (A1/A2/A3/A4/A6/A7)
+    # for 277CA, envelope ack_code for TA1.
+    set_accept_reject_code: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(8), nullable=True)
+    linked_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False)
+    linked_by: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False)
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_claim_acks_claim_id", "claim_id"),
+        Index("ix_claim_acks_batch_id", "batch_id"),
+        Index("ix_claim_acks_ack", "ack_kind", "ack_id"),
+        # Mirror the dedup unique index declared in 0018_claim_acks.sql so
+        # ``Base.metadata.create_all`` (the test-time safety net) emits the
+        # same partial-unique constraint that the production migration runner
+        # applies. Without this a fresh in-memory test DB would not enforce
+        # idempotency at the DB layer.
+        Index(
+            "ux_claim_acks_dedup",
+            "claim_id", "ack_kind", "ack_id", "ak2_index",
+            unique=True,
+            sqlite_where=text("claim_id IS NOT NULL AND ak2_index IS NOT NULL"),
+        ),
+    )
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # SP11: tamper-evident hash-chained audit_log
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -668,6 +755,11 @@ class AuditLog(Base):
     created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False)
     prev_hash: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False)
     hash: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=False)
+    # SP-auth: which authenticated user performed this action. Nullable
+    # so existing (pre-auth) rows and system-initiated events stay valid.
+    # NOT part of the hash chain — verify_chain must continue to work on
+    # legacy rows that pre-date this column.
+    user_id: Mapped[Optional[int]] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True, index=True)
 
     __table_args__ = (
         Index("idx_audit_log_entity", "entity_type", "entity_id"),
@@ -836,3 +928,27 @@ class ClearhouseORM(Base):
     filename_block_json: Mapped[dict] = mapped_column(JSONText, nullable=False)
     sftp_block_json: Mapped[dict] = mapped_column(JSONText, nullable=False)
     updated_at: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=False)
+
+
+class User(Base):
+    """Auth user (admin / user / viewer)."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "users"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True)
+    username: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), unique=True, index=True)
+    password_hash: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    role: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False)
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now())
+    disabled_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+
+
+class Session(Base):
+    """Server-side auth session (HttpOnly cookie holds the id)."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "sessions"
+
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(64), primary_key=True)
+    user_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("users.id"), index=True)
+    expires_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), index=True)
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now())

backend/src/cyclone/edi/filenames.py

@@ -7,9 +7,12 @@ Outbound (we send):
     tp{tpid}-{transaction_type}-{yyyymmddhhmmssSSS_MT}-1of1.{ext}
     Example: tp11525703-837P-20260620132243505-1of1.x12
 
-Inbound (HPE sends to our ToHPE):
+Inbound (HPE sends to our FromHPE):
-    TP{tpid}-{orig_tx}_M{tracking}-{ts}-1of1_{file_type}.x12
+    [Tt][Pp]{tpid}-{orig_tx}_M{tracking}-{ts}-1of1_{file_type}.x12
-    Example: TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260520231513488-1of1_999.x12
+    Example: tp11525703-837P_M019048402-20260520231513488-1of1_999.x12
+    (legacy / prodfiles may use uppercase TP; the regex is case-insensitive
+    on the prefix to accept both — Gainwell's filer has used both
+    casings over time.)
 
 Both use Mountain Time (MT) timestamps with 17-digit millisecond precision
 (yyyymmddhhmmssSSS = 4+2+2+2+2+2+3 = 17 digits). Sequence is always "1of1"
@@ -39,19 +42,48 @@ OUTBOUND_RE = re.compile(
     r"^tp(?P<tpid>\d+)-(?P<tx>[A-Z0-9]+)-(?P<ts>\d{17})-1of1\.(?P<ext>[A-Za-z0-9]+)$"
 )
 
-# Inbound: TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260520231513488-1of1_999.x12
+# Inbound: [Tt][Pp]11525703-837P_M019048402-20260520231513488-1of1_999.x12
+#   - prefix:  literal "TP" or "tp" (case-insensitive — Gainwell's
+#     production filer has used both)
 #   - tpid:    1+ digits (inside TP<...>)
-#   - orig_tx: 1+ alnum
+#   - orig_tx: 1+ uppercase alnum
-#   - track:   M + 1+ alnum (e.g. M019048402) — the M is part of the
+#   - track:   M + 1+ uppercase alnum (e.g. M019048402) — the M is
-#     tracking value, not a separator.
+#     part of the tracking value, not a separator.
 #   - ts:      17 digits
 #   - seq:     literal "1of1"
-#   - ft:      1+ alnum (e.g. 999, TA1, 271, 277, 277CA, 820, 834, 835, ENCR)
+#   - ft:      1+ uppercase alnum (e.g. 999, TA1, 271, 277, 277CA,
+#              820, 834, 835, ENCR)
+#
+# Case insensitivity is scoped to the ``TP`` prefix via ``(?i:TP)``
+# — the rest of the pattern is case-sensitive so we still reject a
+# stray ``837p`` or ``m019048402`` (they'd be invalid HCPF).
 INBOUND_RE = re.compile(
-    r"^TP(?P<tpid>\d+)-(?P<orig_tx>[A-Z0-9]+)_(?P<tracking>M[A-Z0-9]+)"
+    r"^(?i:TP)(?P<tpid>\d+)-(?P<orig_tx>[A-Z0-9]+)_(?P<tracking>M[A-Z0-9]+)"
     r"-(?P<ts>\d{17})-1of1_(?P<file_type>[A-Z0-9]+)\.(?P<ext>x12)$"
 )
 
+# Inbound suffix-less form (SP27 Task 7): tp11525703-835_M019110219-20260525001606050-1of1.x12
+# Gainwell's production filer has shipped this shorter form in addition
+# to the spec form above — the 6/15-6/19 835 batch arrived this way and
+# was silently dropped by the strict INBOUND_RE. The loose form omits
+# the `_{file_type}.x12` suffix; the token between `-` and `_M` doubles
+# as both `orig_tx` and `file_type` (since there's no separate suffix
+# to disambiguate). Allowed values still must be in ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES
+# — the suffix is optional, the type-set is not.
+#   - prefix:    literal "TP" or "tp" (case-insensitive — same as INBOUND_RE)
+#   - tpid:      1+ digits
+#   - file_type: 3-5 char alphanumeric (covers 999, TA1, 835, 277CA, ENCR;
+#                capped at 5 to avoid swallowing the next `_M` token)
+#   - tracking:  M + 1+ uppercase alnum
+#   - ts:        17 digits
+#   - seq:       literal "1of1"
+#   - ext:       literal "x12" (relaxing this would also relax the strict
+#                form's contract; out of scope for SP27 Task 7)
+INBOUND_RE_LOOSE = re.compile(
+    r"^(?i:TP)(?P<tpid>\d+)-(?P<file_type>[A-Z0-9]{3,5})"
+    r"_(?P<tracking>M[A-Z0-9]+)-(?P<ts>\d{17})-1of1\.(?P<ext>x12)$"
+)
+
 ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES = frozenset({
     "999", "TA1", "270", "271", "276", "277", "277CA", "278",
     "820", "834", "835", "ENCR",
@@ -115,16 +147,49 @@ def build_outbound_filename(
 def parse_inbound_filename(name: str) -> InboundFilename:
     """Parse an inbound HCPF filename.
 
+    Accepts both forms (Gainwell ships both):
+      * Spec form with ``_{file_type}.x12`` suffix:
+        ``tp11525703-837P_M019048402-20260520231513488-1of1_999.x12``
+      * Suffix-less form (SP27 Task 7): the token between ``-`` and
+        ``_M`` doubles as both ``orig_tx`` and ``file_type``:
+        ``tp11525703-835_M019110219-20260525001606050-1of1.x12``
+
+    The strict form is tried first (preserves historical behavior for
+    every existing caller); the loose form is the fallback. The
+    ``.x12`` extension and ``ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES`` set are enforced in
+    both forms.
+
     Args:
-        name: Filename like "TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260520231513488-1of1_999.x12"
+        name: Filename like ``tp11525703-837P_M019048402-20260520231513488-1of1_999.x12``
+            (case-insensitive on the ``TP`` prefix; both ``TP`` and
+            ``tp`` are accepted.)
 
     Returns:
         InboundFilename with tpid, orig_tx, tracking, ts, file_type, ext.
 
     Raises:
-        ValueError: If the filename doesn't match the HCPF inbound format.
+        ValueError: If the filename doesn't match either HCPF inbound
+            form, or if the derived file_type isn't in
+            ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES.
     """
     m = INBOUND_RE.match(name)
+    if m:
+        file_type = m.group("file_type")
+        if file_type not in ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"file_type {file_type!r} not in allowed HCPF set: {sorted(ALLOWED_FILE_TYPES)}"
+            )
+        return InboundFilename(
+            tpid=m.group("tpid"),
+            orig_tx=m.group("orig_tx"),
+            tracking=m.group("tracking"),
+            ts=m.group("ts"),
+            file_type=file_type,
+            ext=m.group("ext"),
+        )
+
+    # Fall back to the suffix-less form.
+    m = INBOUND_RE_LOOSE.match(name)
     if not m:
         raise ValueError(f"Not a valid HCPF inbound filename: {name!r}")
     file_type = m.group("file_type")
@@ -134,7 +199,7 @@ def parse_inbound_filename(name: str) -> InboundFilename:
         )
     return InboundFilename(
         tpid=m.group("tpid"),
-        orig_tx=m.group("orig_tx"),
+        orig_tx=m.group("file_type"),  # preserve the historical shape
         tracking=m.group("tracking"),
         ts=m.group("ts"),
         file_type=file_type,
@@ -153,5 +218,12 @@ def is_outbound_filename(name: str) -> bool:
 
 
 def is_inbound_filename(name: str) -> bool:
-    """True if the given string matches the HCPF inbound filename regex."""
+    """True if the given string matches either HCPF inbound form.
-    return INBOUND_RE.match(name) is not None
+
+    Accepts both the spec form (with ``_{file_type}.x12`` suffix) and
+    the suffix-less form (SP27 Task 7). Cheap fast-path check used by
+    callers that want to pre-filter a directory listing before invoking
+    :func:`parse_inbound_filename`; mirrors the parser's own fallback
+    so the two never disagree on what counts as an HCPF inbound file.
+    """
+    return INBOUND_RE.match(name) is not None or INBOUND_RE_LOOSE.match(name) is not None

backend/src/cyclone/handlers/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+"""File-type handlers for inbound MFT files (SP27).
+
+Each handler is a pure function that parses + persists + dispatches
+events for one file type. The scheduler and the FastAPI endpoints
+both delegate here; the ``HANDLERS`` registry maps ``file_type`` →
+handler function.
+
+Public API:
+    HandleResult          — dataclass returned by every handler
+    HANDLERS              — ``{"999": handle_999, "835": handle_835, ...}``
+    handle_999, handle_ta1, handle_277ca, handle_835
+        — call signatures: ``handle(text: str, source_file: str) -> HandleResult``
+
+The handlers own their own DB session lifecycle. They emit pubsub
+events via the optional ``event_bus`` parameter (the FastAPI endpoint
+injects ``app.state.event_bus``; the scheduler passes ``None``).
+They never raise on per-segment problems; per-segment issues are
+logged and folded into the result. Whole-document failures
+(missing ISA, bad encoding) surface as ``CycloneParseError``, which
+the caller catches and records as ``STATUS_ERROR``.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import importlib
+import logging
+
+from ._ack_id import (
+    ack_count_summary,
+    ack_synthetic_source_batch_id,
+    two77ca_synthetic_source_batch_id,
+)
+from .handle_result import HandleResult
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Module-level HANDLERS dict populated lazily once handler modules
+# ship. Keys are file_type strings, values are the ``handle``
+# callable for that type.
+HANDLERS: dict[str, object] = {}
+
+
+# Candidate handlers, in registration order. Each tuple is
+# (module-path, file_type). The 277/277CA mapping is added explicitly
+# after registration when the 277CA handler is present.
+_CANDIDATES: list[tuple[str, str]] = [
+    ("cyclone.handlers.handle_999", "999"),
+    ("cyclone.handlers.handle_ta1", "TA1"),
+    ("cyclone.handlers.handle_277ca", "277CA"),
+    ("cyclone.handlers.handle_835", "835"),
+]
+
+
+def register_handlers() -> None:
+    """Populate ``HANDLERS`` from the per-type handler modules.
+
+    Tolerates missing or broken handler modules so the package can be
+    imported incrementally as each handler ships (Tasks 2-5), and so
+    a partial-modification error in one handler module can't break
+    scheduler / API import. Safe to call multiple times.
+    """
+    if HANDLERS:
+        return
+    for mod_path, file_type in _CANDIDATES:
+        try:
+            mod = importlib.import_module(mod_path)
+            fn = getattr(mod, "handle")
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 — best-effort registry
+            log.debug(
+                "handler %s unavailable: %s",
+                mod_path, exc,
+            )
+            continue
+        HANDLERS[file_type] = fn
+        # The 277 filename maps to the same 277CA handler.
+        if file_type == "277CA":
+            HANDLERS["277"] = fn
+
+
+register_handlers()
+
+
+# Re-export handler functions on this package so callers can use the
+# flat import (``from cyclone.handlers import handle_999``) once each
+# module ships. Set after registration so we know what's present.
+def _reexport_handlers() -> None:
+    """Re-export each handler's ``handle`` fn as ``handle_<type>``.
+
+    No-op for absent handlers. Re-run on each import so freshly-
+    installed handler modules (e.g. Tasks 2-5 commits) are visible
+    after ``register_handlers()`` without a process restart.
+    """
+    for file_type, fn in list(HANDLERS.items()):
+        if file_type in ("277",):  # alias of 277CA; don't re-export twice
+            continue
+        globals()[f"handle_{file_type.lower()}"] = fn
+
+
+_reexport_handlers()
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "HANDLERS",
+    "HandleResult",
+    "register_handlers",
+    "ack_count_summary",
+    "ack_synthetic_source_batch_id",
+    "two77ca_synthetic_source_batch_id",
+    # handler_* names are added at module load via _reexport_handlers
+]
+# Populate __all__ with the present handler symbols.
+for _h in ("handle_999", "handle_ta1", "handle_277ca", "handle_835"):
+    if _h in globals():
+        __all__.append(_h)  # noqa: PYI056

backend/src/cyclone/handlers/_ack_id.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+"""Ack ID helpers shared between the scheduler and the FastAPI
+endpoints (SP27 Task 1).
+
+Lifted from ``scheduler.py:_ack_count_summary`` +
+``_ack_synthetic_source_batch_id`` + ``_277ca_synthetic_source_batch_id`` —
+all three had inline copies in both ``scheduler.py`` and ``api.py``
+prior to this SP. Both callers now import from this module.
+
+Helpers
+-------
+``ack_count_summary(result)``
+    Aggregate ``(received, accepted, rejected, ack_code)`` from a
+    parsed ``ParseResult999``, trusting set-level IK5 over the
+    functional-group AK9. Gainwell's MFT ships AK9 segments that
+    contradict the per-set IK5 (e.g. ``AK9*A*1*1*1`` with
+    ``IK5*A``), so trusting AK9's rejected count over-reports.
+    See scheduler commit ``6507a8c`` for the operational context.
+
+``ack_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn, *, pcn, source_filename)``
+    Build a unique-per-file ``batches.id`` for a 999 that ships
+    without its own source batch. Falls back to a hash suffix of
+    the filename so daily pulls don't all collapse onto the same
+    ICN. Gainwell's MFT ships every 999 with the default ICN
+    ``000000001`` (per the scheduler docstring).
+
+``two77ca_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn)``
+    Same idea for a 277CA without its own source batch.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+from typing import Any
+
+
+def ack_count_summary(result: Any) -> tuple[int, int, int, str]:
+    """Aggregate ``(received, accepted, rejected, ack_code)`` from
+    a ``ParseResult999``.
+
+    Counts are derived from the set-level ``IK5`` responses
+    (one per ``AK2`` in the 999), not the functional-group ``AK9``.
+    Gainwell's MFT ships contradictory AK9 segments; the per-set
+    IK5 is the authoritative per-claim accept/reject signal.
+    """
+    sets = result.set_responses
+    received = len(sets)
+    accepted = sum(1 for s in sets if s.set_accept_reject.code == "A")
+    rejected = received - accepted
+    if rejected == 0:
+        code = "A"
+    elif accepted == 0:
+        code = "R"
+    else:
+        code = "P"
+    return (received, accepted, rejected, code)
+
+
+def ack_synthetic_source_batch_id(
+    interchange_control_number: str,
+    *,
+    pcn: str | None = None,
+    source_filename: str | None = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Synthetic ``batches.id`` for a received 999 with no source batch.
+
+    Precedence for the human-readable part of the id (column is
+    ``VARCHAR(32)``):
+
+      1. ``999-{pcn}-{hash8}`` if ``AK2`` set_control_number is
+         present (the common case). 4 + 9 + 1 + 8 = 22 chars max.
+      2. ``999-{icn}-{hash8}`` if no AK2 (envelope-only 999).
+      3. ``999-{hash12}`` if no filename either (shouldn't happen
+         in production).
+    """
+    short_hash = ""
+    if source_filename:
+        short_hash = hashlib.sha1(source_filename.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[:8]
+    if pcn and pcn.strip():
+        return f"999-{pcn.strip()}-{short_hash}"
+    icn = (interchange_control_number or "").strip() or "000000001"
+    if short_hash:
+        return f"999-{icn}-{short_hash}"
+    return f"999-{short_hash or icn}"
+
+
+def two77ca_synthetic_source_batch_id(interchange_control_number: str) -> str:
+    """Synthetic ``batches.id`` for a received 277CA with no source batch."""
+    return f"277CA-{(interchange_control_number or '').strip() or '000000001'}"

backend/src/cyclone/handlers/handle_277ca.py

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+"""Handle a 277CA Claim Acknowledgment file (SP27 Task 4).
+
+Lifted verbatim from ``scheduler.py:_handle_277ca``. The handler owns
+its own DB session, dispatches to ``parse_277ca_text``, persists the
+277CA ack row, applies 277CA rejections to matched claims via
+``inbox_state.apply_277ca_rejections``, and emits
+``claim.payer_rejected`` audit events for each newly-stamped claim.
+
+The actor tag (``"277ca-parser-scheduler"``) is preserved so the
+audit log keeps tracing back to the same source after extraction.
+Both the FastAPI endpoint and the scheduler path (re)use this module
+— the API migration drops the inline copy in Task 6.
+
+``claim.rejected_after_remit`` audit emission (when a 277CA rejects
+a claim that already has ``matched_remittance_id`` set) is deferred
+to SP27 Task 13. Today the handler only emits ``claim.payer_rejected``.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+from cyclone.claim_acks import apply_277ca_acks
+from cyclone.handlers._ack_id import two77ca_synthetic_source_batch_id
+from cyclone.inbox_state_277ca import apply_277ca_rejections
+from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_277ca import parse_277ca_text
+from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def handle(
+    text: str,
+    source_file: str,
+) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse a 277CA, persist ack + stamp payer-rejected claims.
+
+    Args:
+        text: Raw 277CA document bytes (decoded).
+        source_file: Filename the 277CA came from.
+
+    Returns:
+        ``(parser_used, claim_count)`` tuple where ``claim_count`` is
+        the number of STC statuses in the file (one per claim).
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: on parser-level failure (wraps CycloneParseError).
+
+    SP25: the store (``cyclone.store.acks.add_277ca_ack``) owns the
+    publish-from-store contract; the handler no longer needs an
+    ``event_bus`` kwarg.
+    """
+    try:
+        result = parse_277ca_text(text, input_file=source_file)
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"277CA parse error: {exc}") from exc
+
+    icn = result.envelope.control_number
+    synthetic_id = two77ca_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn)
+    accepted = sum(
+        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "accepted"
+    )
+    paid = sum(
+        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "paid"
+    )
+    rejected = sum(
+        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "rejected"
+    )
+    pended = sum(
+        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "pended"
+    )
+
+    # Build the batch envelope index BEFORE opening the work session
+    # — cycl_store.batch_envelope_index opens its own short-lived
+    # session, and SQLite + concurrent sessions causes "database is
+    # locked" errors.
+    batch_index = cycl_store.batch_envelope_index()
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        row = cycl_store.add_277ca_ack(
+            source_batch_id=synthetic_id,
+            control_number=icn,
+            accepted_count=accepted,
+            rejected_count=rejected,
+            paid_count=paid,
+            pended_count=pended,
+            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        )
+        def _lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                session.query(db.Claim)
+                .filter(db.Claim.patient_control_number == pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+        apply_result = apply_277ca_rejections(
+            session, result, claim_lookup=_lookup, two77ca_id=row.id,
+        )
+        if apply_result.matched:
+            for cid in apply_result.matched:
+                append_event(session, AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="claim.payer_rejected",
+                    entity_type="claim",
+                    entity_id=cid,
+                    payload={"source_batch_id": synthetic_id, "277ca_id": row.id},
+                    actor="277ca-parser-scheduler",
+                ))
+        # SP28: auto-link the 277CA ClaimStatus entries to claims (D10
+        # two-pass join). The helper builds dataclass rows; the
+        # caller persists each via cycl_store.add_claim_ack so the
+        # publish-from-store contract owns the live-tail event.
+        def _pcn_lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                session.query(db.Claim)
+                .filter(db.Claim.patient_control_number == pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+
+        link_result = apply_277ca_acks(
+            session, result, ack_id=row.id,
+            batch_envelope_index=batch_index,
+            pc_claim_lookup=_pcn_lookup,
+        )
+        # Snapshot the rows before closing the work session — SQLite
+        # + concurrent sessions from the same thread cause "database
+        # is locked" errors when add_claim_ack opens its own session
+        # while this one is still open.
+        link_rows = list(link_result.linked)
+        orphans = list(link_result.orphans)
+        session.commit()
+
+    for link_row in link_rows:
+        cycl_store.add_claim_ack(
+            claim_id=link_row.claim_id,
+            batch_id=link_row.batch_id,
+            ack_id=row.id,
+            ack_kind="277ca",
+            ak2_index=link_row.ak2_index,
+            set_control_number=link_row.set_control_number,
+            set_accept_reject_code=link_row.set_accept_reject_code,
+            linked_by="auto",
+        )
+    if orphans:
+        log.warning(
+            "277CA had %d orphan status entries (no matching claim): %s",
+            len(orphans),
+            orphans[:5],
+        )
+
+    return ("parse_277ca", len(result.claim_statuses))

backend/src/cyclone/handlers/handle_835.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+"""Handle an 835 ERA Remittance file (SP27 Task 5).
+
+Lifted verbatim from ``scheduler.py:_handle_835``. The handler owns
+its own state, dispatches to ``parse_835`` (raises
+``CycloneParseError`` on bad EDI), runs the per-payer 835 validator,
+stamps the validation report into ``result.summary``, and persists
+the BatchRecord via ``cycl_store.add``.
+
+The 835 handler is the largest of the four because the schema
+covers per-claim remittances + CAS adjustments + validation.
+``PAYER_FACTORIES_835`` lives in ``cyclone.api`` (it was always
+intended to live in ``cyclone.payers`` — a TODO pre-dating SP27 —
+but moving it is out of Task 5 scope). We import it lazily inside
+``handle`` to avoid a module-load-time cycle; the cyclic risk is
+acceptable because api.py also imports scheduler lazily (inside its
+lifespan handler).
+
+Two-phase ingest closed in SP27 Task 10: the placeholder
+``adjustment_amount`` is overwritten by reconcile in the same DB
+session as the insert (before commit), so a reader never sees a
+half-reconciled Remittance row. If reconcile raises, the whole
+ingest rolls back and the scheduler records the per-file error.
+
+``event_bus`` is best-effort and follows the same TODO(sp27-task-6)
+sync/async gap as handle_999 / handle_ta1 / handle_277ca.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_835 import parse as parse_835
+from cyclone.parsers.validator_835 import validate as validate_835
+from cyclone.store import BatchRecord
+from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def handle(
+    text: str,
+    source_file: str,
+) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse an 835, run validation, persist batch + remittances.
+
+    Args:
+        text: Raw 835 document bytes (decoded).
+        source_file: Filename the 835 came from.
+
+    Returns:
+        ``(parser_used, claim_count)`` tuple. ``claim_count`` is the
+        number of CLP claims parsed; the BatchRecord's summary's
+        ``passed`` / ``failed`` fields are derived from the
+        validator's ``report.passed`` flag.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: on parser-level failure (wraps CycloneParseError).
+            Validation failures don't raise — they're stamped into
+            ``summary.passed = 0``.
+
+    SP25: the 835 write path already publishes ``remittance_written``
+    via ``CycloneStore.add`` (SP21 split). The handler no longer
+    accepts an ``event_bus`` kwarg — the ``ack_received`` publish
+    here was dead code anyway (the 835 event name is
+    ``remittance_written``, not ``ack_received``).
+    """
+    # SP36 Task 16: PAYER_FACTORIES_835 moved from ``cyclone.api``
+    # to ``cyclone.api_routers._shared`` (cross-router helper). Import
+    # from the new home. The lazy import is still needed to avoid a
+    # circular import at registry load time (handle_835 is imported
+    # by the scheduler during the api lifespan).
+    from cyclone.api_routers._shared import PAYER_FACTORIES_835
+
+    config = PAYER_FACTORIES_835["co_medicaid_835"]()
+    try:
+        result = parse_835(text, config, input_file=source_file)
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"835 parse error: {exc}") from exc
+
+    # Validation report (mirrors the API endpoint).
+    report = validate_835(result, config)
+    n = len(result.claims)
+    if report.passed:
+        passed, failed, failed_claim_ids = n, 0, []
+    else:
+        passed, failed, failed_claim_ids = 0, n, [
+            c.payer_claim_control_number for c in result.claims
+        ]
+    result = result.model_copy(update={
+        "validation": report,
+        "summary": result.summary.model_copy(update={
+            "passed": passed,
+            "failed": failed,
+            "failed_claim_ids": failed_claim_ids,
+        }),
+    })
+
+    rec = BatchRecord(
+        id=uuid.uuid4().hex,
+        kind="835",
+        input_filename=source_file,
+        parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+        result=result,
+    )
+    cycl_store.add(rec)
+
+    return ("parse_835", len(result.claims))

backend/src/cyclone/handlers/handle_999.py

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+"""Handle a 999 Implementation Acknowledgment file (SP27 Task 2).
+
+Lifted verbatim from ``scheduler.py:_handle_999``. The handler owns
+its own DB session, dispatches to ``parse_999_text``, applies 999
+rejections to any matched claims via ``inbox_state.apply_999_rejections``,
+persists the ack row, and returns a ``(parser_used, claim_count)``
+tuple.
+
+The actor tag (``"999-parser-scheduler"``) is preserved so the audit
+log keeps tracing back to the same source after extraction. Both
+the FastAPI endpoint and the scheduler path (re)use this module —
+see Task 6 for the API migration that drops the inline copy.
+
+``claim_count`` mirrors ``parsed.received`` — the count of AK2
+(set-level) responses in the 999, which is the authoritative
+per-claim accept/reject signal (see ``_ack_id`` for why AK9 is
+ignored).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+from cyclone.claim_acks import apply_999_acceptances
+from cyclone.handlers._ack_id import (
+    ack_count_summary,
+    ack_synthetic_source_batch_id,
+)
+from cyclone.inbox_state import apply_999_rejections
+from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_999 import parse_999_text
+from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def handle(
+    text: str,
+    source_file: str,
+) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse a 999, apply rejections, persist ack row.
+
+    Args:
+        text: Raw 999 document bytes (decoded).
+        source_file: Filename the 999 came from. Used to derive a
+            unique synthetic ``batches.id`` (see ``_ack_id``).
+
+    Returns:
+        ``(parser_used, claim_count)`` tuple. Matches the scheduler
+        ``_download_and_parse`` destructure; the HandleResult
+        migration happens in Task 7.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: on parser-level failure (wraps CycloneParseError).
+
+    SP25: the store (``cyclone.store.acks.add_999_ack``) now owns the
+    publish-from-store contract; the handler no longer needs an
+    ``event_bus`` kwarg. Both the scheduler path (no bus) and the
+    FastAPI endpoint path (passes the bus to the store directly) see
+    the same row, the same event, and the same payload.
+    """
+    try:
+        result = parse_999_text(text, input_file=source_file)
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"999 parse error: {exc}") from exc
+
+    received, accepted, rejected, ack_code = ack_count_summary(result)
+    icn = result.envelope.control_number
+    pcn = (
+        result.set_responses[0].set_control_number
+        if result.set_responses else None
+    )
+    synthetic_id = ack_synthetic_source_batch_id(
+        icn, pcn=pcn, source_filename=source_file,
+    )
+
+    # Build the batch envelope index BEFORE opening the work session
+    # — cycl_store.batch_envelope_index opens its own short-lived
+    # session, and SQLite + concurrent sessions causes "database is
+    # locked" errors.
+    batch_index = cycl_store.batch_envelope_index()
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        def _lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                session.query(db.Claim)
+                .filter_by(patient_control_number=pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+        rejection_result = apply_999_rejections(
+            session, result,
+            claim_lookup=_lookup,
+            batch_envelope_index=batch_index,
+        )
+        if rejection_result.matched:
+            for cid in rejection_result.matched:
+                append_event(session, AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="claim.rejected",
+                    entity_type="claim",
+                    entity_id=cid,
+                    payload={"source_batch_id": synthetic_id},
+                    actor="999-parser-scheduler",
+                ))
+        row = cycl_store.add_ack(
+            source_batch_id=synthetic_id,
+            accepted_count=accepted,
+            rejected_count=rejected,
+            received_count=received,
+            ack_code=ack_code,
+            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        )
+        # SP28: auto-link the 999 AK2 set-responses to claims (D10 two-pass
+        # join). The PCN fallback only fires when the ST02 lookup misses
+        # (rare for Gainwell batches). Each created ClaimAck row is
+        # persisted via cycl_store.add_claim_ack so the publish-from-store
+        # contract owns the live-tail event.
+        def _pcn_lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                session.query(db.Claim)
+                .filter_by(patient_control_number=pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+
+        link_result = apply_999_acceptances(
+            session, result, ack_id=row.id,
+            batch_envelope_index=batch_index,
+            pc_claim_lookup=_pcn_lookup,
+        )
+        # Snapshot the rows before closing the work session — SQLite
+        # + concurrent sessions from the same thread cause "database
+        # is locked" errors when add_claim_ack opens its own session
+        # while this one is still open.
+        link_rows = list(link_result.linked)
+        orphans = list(link_result.orphans)
+        session.commit()
+
+    for link_row in link_rows:
+        cycl_store.add_claim_ack(
+            claim_id=link_row.claim_id,
+            batch_id=link_row.batch_id,
+            ack_id=row.id,
+            ack_kind="999",
+            ak2_index=link_row.ak2_index,
+            set_control_number=link_row.set_control_number,
+            set_accept_reject_code=link_row.set_accept_reject_code,
+            linked_by="auto",
+        )
+    if orphans:
+        log.warning(
+            "999 had %d orphan set refs (no matching claim): %s",
+            len(orphans),
+            orphans[:5],
+        )
+
+    return ("parse_999", received)

backend/src/cyclone/handlers/handle_result.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+"""Shared ``HandleResult`` dataclass for handlers (SP27).
+
+Every per-file-type handler returns the same shape so the
+scheduler's ``_handle_one`` and the FastAPI parse endpoints can
+process them uniformly.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+
+@dataclass
+class HandleResult:
+    """Outcome of one handler invocation.
+
+    Attributes:
+        parser_used: The parser name written to
+            ``processed_inbound_files.parser_used`` (e.g. ``"parse_999"``)
+            and surfaced in the UI.
+        claim_count: The number of claim rows persisted (or batch
+            records, depending on the file type). For 999/TA1 this
+            is the receipt count; for 835 this is the per-claim
+            remittance count; for 277CA this is the per-claim
+            status count.
+        batch_id: The persisted batch id (when the handler creates a
+            row in ``batches``). ``None`` for handlers that persist
+            into per-file-type ack tables (999/TA1/277CA) rather
+            than into the unified ``batches`` table.
+        matched_count: For 835, the number of remits that were
+            matched to an existing claim by ``reconcile.match``.
+            Zero for other handlers.
+    """
+
+    parser_used: str
+    claim_count: int
+    batch_id: str | None = None
+    matched_count: int = 0

backend/src/cyclone/handlers/handle_ta1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+"""Handle a TA1 Interchange Acknowledgment file (SP27 Task 3).
+
+Lifted verbatim from ``scheduler.py:_handle_ta1``. The handler owns
+its own DB session, dispatches to ``parse_ta1_text``, persists the
+interchange ack row in ``ta1_acks``, and returns a
+``(parser_used, claim_count)`` tuple.
+
+Unlike the 999 handler, TA1 is envelope-only — there is one TA1 per
+ISA/IEA interchange, no set-level (AK2) or claim-level matching.
+The claim_count is always 1 (one TA1 ack row per file).
+
+The actor tag is implicit (no audit event here — TA1 doesn't tag
+anything in the activity log; it's an infrastructure-level ack).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.claim_acks import apply_ta1_envelope_link
+from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_ta1 import parse_ta1_text
+from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def handle(
+    text: str,
+    source_file: str,
+) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse a TA1, persist the interchange ack row.
+
+    Args:
+        text: Raw TA1 document bytes (decoded).
+        source_file: Filename the TA1 came from. Used for audit
+            attribution; the ``batches.id`` for TA1 rows is derived
+            internally from the parsed envelope's control number
+            (``TA1-{ICN}``).
+
+    Returns:
+        ``(parser_used, claim_count)`` tuple. TA1 always returns
+        ``claim_count=1`` (one TA1 ack row per interchange file).
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: on parser-level failure (wraps CycloneParseError).
+
+    SP25: the store (``cyclone.store.acks.add_ta1_ack``) owns the
+    publish-from-store contract; the handler no longer needs an
+    ``event_bus`` kwarg.
+    """
+    try:
+        result = parse_ta1_text(text, input_file=source_file)
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"TA1 parse error: {exc}") from exc
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        ta1_ack_row = cycl_store.add_ta1_ack(
+            source_batch_id=result.source_batch_id,
+            control_number=result.ta1.control_number,
+            interchange_date=result.ta1.interchange_date,
+            interchange_time=result.ta1.interchange_time,
+            ack_code=result.ta1.ack_code,
+            note_code=result.ta1.note_code,
+            ack_generated_date=result.ta1.ack_generated_date,
+            sender_id=result.envelope.sender_id,
+            receiver_id=result.envelope.receiver_id,
+            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        )
+        # SP28: TA1 envelope-level link to the originating Batch. The
+        # closure here matches the most-recent Batch whose envelope
+        # sender_id/receiver_id matches the TA1 — see spec §D4.
+        def _batch_lookup(sender_id, receiver_id):
+            rows = (
+                session.query(db.Batch)
+                .filter(
+                    db.Batch.kind == "837p",
+                    db.Batch.raw_result_json.isnot(None),
+                )
+                .order_by(db.Batch.parsed_at.desc())
+                .all()
+            )
+            for row in rows:
+                env = (row.raw_result_json or {}).get("envelope") or {}
+                if (
+                    env.get("sender_id") == sender_id
+                    and env.get("receiver_id") == receiver_id
+                ):
+                    return row
+            return None
+
+        link_result = apply_ta1_envelope_link(
+            session, result, ack_id=ta1_ack_row.id,
+            batch_lookup=_batch_lookup,
+        )
+        # Snapshot rows before closing the work session — SQLite +
+        # concurrent sessions from the same thread cause "database
+        # is locked" errors when add_claim_ack opens its own session
+        # while this one is still open.
+        link_rows = list(link_result.linked)
+        orphans = list(link_result.orphans)
+        session.commit()
+
+    for link_row in link_rows:
+        cycl_store.add_claim_ack(
+            claim_id=link_row.claim_id,
+            batch_id=link_row.batch_id,
+            ack_id=ta1_ack_row.id,
+            ack_kind="ta1",
+            ak2_index=link_row.ak2_index,
+            set_control_number=link_row.set_control_number,
+            set_accept_reject_code=link_row.set_accept_reject_code,
+            linked_by="auto",
+        )
+    if orphans:
+        log.warning(
+            "TA1 had %d orphan envelope refs (no matching batch): %s",
+            len(orphans),
+            orphans[:5],
+        )
+
+    return ("parse_ta1", 1)

backend/src/cyclone/inbox_lanes.py

@@ -175,6 +175,82 @@ def _line_count_lookup(session: Session, claims: list[Claim]) -> tuple[dict, dic
     return matched_counts, total_lines_by_claim
 
 
+def _ack_summary_for_claims(
+    session: Session, claim_ids: list[str],
+) -> dict[str, dict]:
+    """Build a {claim_id: {total, rejected, items: [...]}} map for 999 acks.
+
+    SP29: the Inbox `rejected` lane needs to render AK2 evidence
+    inline per row, plus a per-row Resubmit button. The data lives
+    in ``claim_acks`` (SP28) — we don't want to N+1 fetch per row,
+    so the whole rejected-claim set is summarized in one batched
+    query here.
+
+    Filters to ``ack_kind='999'`` because the rejected lane is the
+    999 envelope reject lane; the 277CA STC A4/A6/A7 evidence flows
+    through the ``payer_rejected_*`` fields on a separate lane and
+    isn't part of this scope (see SP29 spec D4 / scope).
+
+    Returns:
+        ``{claim_id: {"total": int, "rejected": int, "items": [...]}, ...}``
+        Claims with zero linked 999 acks are NOT in the returned
+        dict — the caller maps via ``.get(cid)`` and treats absence
+        as "no 999 acks linked" (renders as ``null`` in the
+        payload, ``999 not linked`` in the UI).
+
+    Args:
+        session: SQLAlchemy session the caller owns.
+        claim_ids: list of claim.id values to summarize. Typically
+            the rejected-lane claim ids. Empty list → empty dict.
+    """
+    if not claim_ids:
+        return {}
+    from cyclone.db import ClaimAck  # late import — DB model registered
+    rows = (
+        session.query(
+            ClaimAck.claim_id,
+            ClaimAck.ack_id,
+            ClaimAck.set_control_number,
+            ClaimAck.set_accept_reject_code,
+            ClaimAck.ak2_index,
+            ClaimAck.linked_at,
+        )
+        .filter(
+            ClaimAck.claim_id.in_(claim_ids),
+            ClaimAck.ack_kind == "999",
+        )
+        .order_by(ClaimAck.linked_at.desc(), ClaimAck.id.desc())
+        .all()
+    )
+    grouped: dict[str, list[tuple]] = {}
+    for cid, aid, scn, code, ak2i, lat in rows:
+        grouped.setdefault(cid, []).append((aid, scn, code, ak2i, lat))
+
+    rejected_codes = {"R", "E", "X"}
+    out: dict[str, dict] = {}
+    for cid, items in grouped.items():
+        total = len(items)
+        rejected_count = sum(1 for it in items if (it[2] or "") in rejected_codes)
+        # Keep 5 most recent items for the chip column. The full count
+        # is in ``total`` so the UI can show ``+N more`` honestly.
+        trimmed = items[:5]
+        out[cid] = {
+            "total": total,
+            "rejected": rejected_count,
+            "items": [
+                {
+                    "ack_id": aid,
+                    "set_control_number": scn,
+                    "set_accept_reject_code": code or "",
+                    "ak2_index": ak2i,
+                    "linked_at": _isoformat(lat),
+                }
+                for (aid, scn, code, ak2i, lat) in trimmed
+            ],
+        }
+    return out
+
+
 def compute_lanes(session: Session, *, dismissed_pairs: Iterable[frozenset]) -> Lanes:
     lanes = Lanes()
     dismissed = set(dismissed_pairs)
@@ -192,6 +268,17 @@ def compute_lanes(session: Session, *, dismissed_pairs: Iterable[frozenset]) ->
             ),
         ))
 
+    # SP29: attach the 999 ack-evidence summary (total / rejected /
+    # 5 most recent AK2 set_responses) to every rejected row so the
+    # Inbox can render AK2 chips inline + a per-row Resubmit button
+    # without an extra round-trip. One batched query, keyed off the
+    # rejected-claim id set.
+    rejected_ack_summary = _ack_summary_for_claims(
+        session, [r["id"] for r in lanes.rejected]
+    )
+    for row in lanes.rejected:
+        row["claim_acks"] = rejected_ack_summary.get(row["id"])
+
     # --- Payer-Rejected (SP10) ---
     # Distinct from the 999 envelope "rejected" lane above. A claim
     # lands here when a 277CA STC category code is A4/A6/A7 (rejected

backend/src/cyclone/inbox_state.py

@@ -33,42 +33,63 @@ def apply_999_rejections(
     parsed_999,
     *,
     claim_lookup: Callable[[str], Claim | None],
+    batch_envelope_index: dict[str, list[str]] | None = None,
 ) -> Apply999Result:
-    """For each set response with code R or E, look up the matching claim and
+    """For each set response with code R, E, or X, look up the matching claim and
     move it to REJECTED. Idempotent on already-rejected claims.
 
     Args:
         session: SQLAlchemy session.
         parsed_999: a ParseResult999 (or any object with .set_responses).
         claim_lookup: callable from patient_control_number → Claim or None.
+            Legacy fallback; rarely hits when batch_envelope_index is present.
+        batch_envelope_index: SP33 — mapping from SET control_number (the 837
+            envelope's ST02) to list of Claim.id for the claims in that SET.
+            Mirrors the SP28 fix in apply_999_acceptances so SET-level
+            rejections correctly cascade across every claim under the SET.
 
     Returns:
         Apply999Result with lists of matched claim ids and orphan PCNs.
     """
     result = Apply999Result()
     now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    index = batch_envelope_index or {}
 
     for sr in parsed_999.set_responses:
         code = sr.set_accept_reject.code
         if code not in ("R", "E", "X"):
             continue
 
-        claim = claim_lookup(sr.set_control_number)
+        # SP33: prefer batch_envelope_index (SCN -> [claim_id]) so a SET-level
-        if claim is None:
+        # rejection correctly flips every claim in the SET. Fall back to
-            result.orphans.append(sr.set_control_number)
+        # the legacy claim_lookup when the index is empty for this SCN.
-            continue
+        candidate_ids = index.get(sr.set_control_number, []) or []
+        claims_to_reject: list[Claim] = []
+        if candidate_ids:
+            claims_to_reject = (
+                session.query(Claim)
+                .filter(Claim.id.in_(candidate_ids))
+                .all()
+            )
+        else:
+            legacy = claim_lookup(sr.set_control_number)
+            if legacy is not None:
+                claims_to_reject = [legacy]
+            else:
+                result.orphans.append(sr.set_control_number)
+                continue
 
-        if claim.state == ClaimState.REJECTED:
+        for claim in claims_to_reject:
-            # Idempotent: don't double-mutate.
+            if claim.state == ClaimState.REJECTED:
-            continue
+                # Idempotent: don't double-mutate.
-
+                continue
-        claim.state = ClaimState.REJECTED
+            claim.state = ClaimState.REJECTED
-        claim.state_changed_at = now
+            claim.state_changed_at = now
-        claim.rejected_at = now
+            claim.rejected_at = now
-        claim.rejection_reason = _build_reason(
+            claim.rejection_reason = _build_reason(
-            code, len(sr.segment_errors or [])
+                code, len(sr.segment_errors or [])
-        )
+            )
-        result.matched.append(claim.id)
+            result.matched.append(claim.id)
 
     if result.matched or result.orphans:
         session.commit()

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0013_auth_users_and_sessions.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+-- version: 13
+-- Auth (SP-auth): users + sessions tables.
+--
+-- `users` holds the local credential store: bcrypt-hashed password,
+-- role enum ('admin' | 'user' | 'viewer'), and a soft-delete column
+-- (disabled_at) so admins can revoke access without losing history.
+--
+-- `sessions` holds the server-side session rows; the browser only
+-- carries an opaque token cookie (cyclone_session) that points here.
+-- expires_at index lets us cheaply reap stale sessions.
+
+CREATE TABLE users (
+    id            INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    username      TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    password_hash TEXT NOT NULL,
+    role          TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at    TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    disabled_at   TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_username ON users(username);
+
+CREATE TABLE sessions (
+    id          TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    user_id     INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
+    expires_at  TEXT NOT NULL,
+    created_at  TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_sessions_user_id ON sessions(user_id);
+CREATE INDEX idx_sessions_expires_at ON sessions(expires_at);

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0014_audit_log_user_id.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+-- version: 14
+-- Auth (SP-auth): record the acting user_id on every audit_log entry.
+--
+-- Backwards-compatible: existing rows get NULL user_id (they were
+-- written by the pre-auth `system` actor). Going forward, the FastAPI
+-- get_current_user dependency injects the id into every audit log call.
+
+ALTER TABLE audit_log ADD COLUMN user_id INTEGER;
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_log_user_id ON audit_log(user_id);

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0015_drop_claims_unique_constraint.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+-- version: 15
+-- Drop the inline UNIQUE(batch_id, patient_control_number) on claims.
+--
+-- Migration 0003 attempted DROP INDEX IF EXISTS uq_claims_batch_pcn but
+-- the constraint is inline in CREATE TABLE, so the drop was a no-op.
+-- The only way to remove an inline UNIQUE in SQLite is table recreation.
+--
+-- Discovery 2026-06-23: the inline UNIQUE does NOT exist in the current
+-- production DB at user_version=14 (or in main's fresh-DB schema). The
+-- 32 "Duplicate claim" warnings in /tmp/cyclone-uvicorn.log are PK
+-- collisions on claims.id (CLM01) when an operator re-uploads the same
+-- file — not UNIQUE violations. This migration is therefore a defensive
+-- no-op against the current schema, but keeps the 0003 intent alive
+-- (drop the constraint if it ever reappears) and lets the SP22 spec
+-- ship as designed.
+--
+-- X12 837P allows any number of CLM segments per 2000B subscriber loop;
+-- claim identity is provided by the primary key (claims.id = CLM01).
+-- The remittances table had a parallel constraint already removed in 0003
+-- (because that one WAS a named index), so this migration only touches
+-- claims.
+--
+-- The migration runner (db_migrate.py) wraps each .sql in an implicit
+-- transaction via engine.begin(), so we MUST NOT use BEGIN/COMMIT.
+-- PRAGMA defer_foreign_keys defers FK checks to commit, which is the
+-- only way to drop a referenced table inside a transaction in SQLite.
+-- Other tables referencing claims:
+--   remittances.claim_id
+--   matches.claim_id
+--   line_reconciliations.claim_id
+--   activity_events.claim_id
+
+PRAGMA defer_foreign_keys = ON;
+
+CREATE TABLE claims_new (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    batch_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES batches(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    patient_control_number TEXT NOT NULL,
+    service_date_from DATE,
+    service_date_to DATE,
+    charge_amount NUMERIC(12, 2) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    provider_npi TEXT,
+    payer_id TEXT,
+    state TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'submitted',
+    state_before_reversal TEXT,
+    matched_remittance_id TEXT REFERENCES remittances(id),
+    raw_json TEXT,
+    rejection_reason TEXT,
+    rejected_at TIMESTAMP,
+    resubmit_count INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    state_changed_at TIMESTAMP,
+    payer_rejected_at TEXT,
+    payer_rejected_reason TEXT,
+    payer_rejected_status_code TEXT,
+    payer_rejected_by_277ca_id TEXT,
+    payer_rejected_acknowledged_at TEXT,
+    payer_rejected_acknowledged_actor TEXT
+    -- NO UNIQUE (batch_id, patient_control_number) — removed.
+);
+
+INSERT INTO claims_new SELECT * FROM claims;
+DROP TABLE claims;
+ALTER TABLE claims_new RENAME TO claims;
+
+-- Recreate secondary indexes (same names, same columns as initial schema
+-- plus later migrations).
+CREATE INDEX ix_claims_state ON claims(state);
+CREATE INDEX ix_claims_patient_control_number ON claims(patient_control_number);
+CREATE INDEX ix_claims_service_date_from ON claims(service_date_from);
+CREATE INDEX ix_claims_state_changed_at ON claims(state, state_changed_at);
+CREATE INDEX idx_claims_payer_rejected_at ON claims(payer_rejected_at);
+CREATE INDEX idx_claims_payer_rejected_unack
+    ON claims(payer_rejected_at)
+    WHERE payer_rejected_acknowledged_at IS NULL;

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0016_claims_matched_remittance_id_index.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+-- version: 16
+-- Add the missing index on claims.matched_remittance_id.
+--
+-- SP27 Task 11 added ``check_matched_pair_drift`` at startup, which
+-- scans ``WHERE Claim.matched_remittance_id IS NOT NULL``. Without an
+-- index this is a full-table scan; becomes a noticeable boot
+-- latency cost past ~10k claims. The companion index on the
+-- reverse side (``remittances.claim_id``) was added in 0007.
+--
+-- A plain index is enough — neither side is unique (reversals
+-- re-reference the original PCN, and a claim without a match is
+-- fine).
+
+CREATE INDEX ix_claims_matched_remittance_id
+    ON claims(matched_remittance_id);

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0017_backfill_claim_patient_control_number.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-- version: 17
+-- Backfill claims.patient_control_number = claims.id.
+--
+-- SP27 Task 17 fixed the 837 ingest in store.py:_claim_837_row so
+-- ``Claim.patient_control_number`` is populated from
+-- ``claim.claim_id`` (CLM01) instead of ``claim.subscriber.member_id``
+-- (the 2010BA NM109). The reconcile matcher joins on
+-- ``Claim.patient_control_number == Remittance.payer_claim_control_number``
+-- and the 835 echoes CLM01 in CLP01 per X12 spec, so the wrong field
+-- silently broke every auto-match in production.
+--
+-- For rows written BEFORE the fix, the stored value is the member_id
+-- (e.g. "W953474") which never matches any remit's CLP01. This
+-- migration backfills those rows by aligning
+-- ``patient_control_number`` with the row's own ``id`` (= CLM01).
+-- After this, every claim row's PCN is consistent with the value the
+-- 837 actually sent, and any newly-ingested 835 whose CLP01 echoes
+-- that CLM01 will auto-pair.
+--
+-- Idempotent: only touches rows where the stored PCN doesn't already
+-- match the row's id, so re-running on already-fixed rows is a no-op.
+--
+-- Reversal safety: the migration does NOT clear matched_remittance_id,
+-- so any pre-existing manual_match pairs stay intact.
+
+UPDATE claims
+SET patient_control_number = id
+WHERE patient_control_number IS DISTINCT FROM id;

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0018_claim_acks.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-- version: 18
+-- SP28: per-ACK auto-link join table.
+--
+-- Closes the operator gap where every inbound 999 / 277CA / TA1 ack was
+-- persisted but never durably linked back to the claim it
+-- acknowledges. One row per AK2 set-response for 999, per ClaimStatus
+-- for 277CA, per TA1 envelope (with claim_id NULL + batch_id set).
+--
+-- Granularity (per-AK2) is preserved by ``ak2_index`` and the unique
+-- index ``ux_claim_acks_dedup`` — an auto-link of
+-- (claim, 999, ak2_index=3) is idempotent on re-ingest of the same
+-- 999 file (the index enforces this at the DB layer; the helper
+-- pre-checks to avoid IntegrityError log noise).
+--
+-- Notes:
+--   * ``claim_id`` is nullable so TA1 envelope-level links to the
+--     originating Batch can land here (FK to batches.id). The
+--     CHECK constraint makes sure at least one of (claim_id,
+--     batch_id) is set on every row — see spec §3.1.
+--   * ``set_control_number`` records the value the upstream ACK
+--     ACTUALLY CARRIED (== source 837 ST02 for Gainwell batches). It
+--     is the orphan-traceability field — the link survives even when
+--     the join had to fall back from ST02 to PCN matching.
+--   * ``set_accept_reject_code`` carries the AK5 code (A/E/R/X) for
+--     999 or the STC category code (A1/A2/A3/A4/A6/A7 etc.) for 277CA.
+--     TA1 stores the envelope-level ack code here (A/R/E).
+--   * No FK constraint on ``(ack_kind, ack_id)`` — there are three
+--     separate ack tables (``acks``, ``ta1_acks``, ``two77ca_acks``).
+--     Application code enforces the discriminator.
+
+CREATE TABLE claim_acks (
+    id                      INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    claim_id                TEXT REFERENCES claims(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    batch_id                TEXT REFERENCES batches(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    ack_id                  INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    ack_kind                TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (ack_kind IN ('999', '277ca', 'ta1')),
+    ak2_index               INTEGER,
+    set_control_number      TEXT,
+    set_accept_reject_code  TEXT,
+    linked_at               DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    linked_by               TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (linked_by IN ('auto', 'manual')),
+    CHECK ((claim_id IS NOT NULL) OR (batch_id IS NOT NULL))
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX ix_claim_acks_claim_id ON claim_acks(claim_id);
+CREATE INDEX ix_claim_acks_batch_id ON claim_acks(batch_id);
+CREATE INDEX ix_claim_acks_ack ON claim_acks(ack_kind, ack_id);
+
+-- Dedup: an auto-link of (claim, 999, ak2_index=3) is idempotent on re-ingest.
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ux_claim_acks_dedup
+    ON claim_acks(claim_id, ack_kind, ack_id, ak2_index)
+    WHERE claim_id IS NOT NULL AND ak2_index IS NOT NULL;

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0019_add_rendering_and_service_provider_npis.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+-- version: 19
+-- SP32: render & service-provider NPI extraction.
+-- Nullable: existing rows stay NULL until backfill runs.
+-- No indexes (used for set-equality, not range queries; nullable).
+
+ALTER TABLE claims ADD COLUMN rendering_provider_npi TEXT;
+ALTER TABLE remittances ADD COLUMN rendering_provider_npi TEXT;

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0020_add_batch_txn_set_control_number.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+-- version: 20
+-- SP37: Batch.transaction_set_control_number = parsed 837's ST02.
+--
+-- Today's 999 ack join (claim_acks.batch_envelope_index, Pass 1) matches
+-- on ``Batch.envelope.control_number == 999's set_control_number``. That
+-- never resolves in production because 999's set_control_number (AK201)
+-- echoes the source 837's ST02 (transaction set control number), not the
+-- ISA13 (interchange control number) that Envelope.control_number stores.
+-- Result: every AK2 set-response against a dzinesco-generated 837 turns
+-- into an orphan.
+--
+-- SP37 fixes this by adding a column populated from the parsed 837's
+-- ST02 on every ``add_record`` write, then updating Pass 1 to match on
+-- it (Task 2). This migration is the additive part: nullable, no
+-- default, backfills from ``raw_result_json.envelope.transaction_set_control_number``
+-- for any pre-existing batch rows that already carry the value.
+--
+-- No new index (column is a primary join key, not a range query; the
+-- existing batches table is small enough for a full scan during the
+-- 999 join — see SP37 §"Migration 0013").
+
+ALTER TABLE batches ADD COLUMN transaction_set_control_number TEXT;
+
+UPDATE batches
+SET transaction_set_control_number = json_extract(raw_result_json, '$.envelope.transaction_set_control_number')
+WHERE raw_result_json IS NOT NULL
+  AND json_extract(raw_result_json, '$.envelope.transaction_set_control_number') IS NOT NULL;

backend/src/cyclone/parsers/models.py

@@ -120,6 +120,13 @@ class Envelope(_Base):
     implementation_guide: str | None = None
     # SP3 P1 T2: BHT06 transaction type code (was: transaction_set_purpose_code, which is BHT02).
     transaction_type_code: str | None = None
+    # SP37 Task 2: X12 ST02 (transaction set control number). Distinct
+    # from ``control_number`` above, which is the ISA13 interchange
+    # control number. 999 acks echo ST02 back as AK201, so this is the
+    # join key that lets ``add_record``'s batch row round-trip back to
+    # its source 837. Populated only by the 837P parser today; other
+    # parsers share this class but leave the field None.
+    transaction_set_control_number: str | None = None
 
 
 class BatchSummary(_Base):
@@ -142,6 +149,7 @@ class ClaimOutput(_Base):
     subscriber: Subscriber
     payer: Payer
     claim: ClaimHeader
+    rendering_provider_npi: str | None = None  # NM1*82 NM109 (Loop 2420A)
     diagnoses: list[Diagnosis] = Field(default_factory=list)
     service_lines: list[ServiceLine] = Field(default_factory=list)
     validation: ValidationReport

backend/src/cyclone/parsers/models_835.py

@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ class ClaimPayment(_Base):
     ref_benefit_plan: str | None = None  # REF*CE per the CO guide
     service_payments: list[ServicePayment] = Field(default_factory=list)
     raw_segments: list[list[str]] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    service_provider_npi: str | None = None  # NM1*1P NM109 (Loop 2100 service provider)
 
     @model_validator(mode="before")
     @classmethod

backend/src/cyclone/parsers/parse_835.py

@@ -376,6 +376,7 @@ def _consume_claim_payment(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> tuple[ClaimPa
 
     service_payments: list[ServicePayment] = []
     ref_benefit_plan: str | None = None
+    service_provider_npi: str | None = None
     per_diem: Decimal | None = None
     status_label = claim_status_label(status)
 
@@ -422,9 +423,16 @@ def _consume_claim_payment(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> tuple[ClaimPa
             except ValueError:
                 per_diem = None
         elif s[0] == "NM1":
-            # Patient (QC) / service-provider (1P) — captured in raw_segments.
+            # SP32: capture service-provider NPI from NM1*1P (Loop 2100).
-            # The 835 spec doesn't require a structured patient model in v1.
+            # NM108 (idx 8) carries the ID qualifier (typically "XX");
-            pass
+            # NM109 (idx 9) is the value. Some senders omit NM108; accept
+            # both forms but require a 10-digit ID.
+            if len(s) > 9 and s[1] == "1P":
+                if len(s) > 8 and s[8] == "XX" and s[9]:
+                    if s[9].isdigit() and len(s[9]) == 10:
+                        service_provider_npi = s[9]
+                elif s[9] and s[9].isdigit() and len(s[9]) == 10:
+                    service_provider_npi = s[9]
         elif s[0] == "DTM":
             # Claim-level dates — captured in raw_segments.
             pass
@@ -446,6 +454,7 @@ def _consume_claim_payment(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> tuple[ClaimPa
             ref_benefit_plan=ref_benefit_plan,
             service_payments=service_payments,
             raw_segments=raw,
+            service_provider_npi=service_provider_npi,
         ),
         idx,
     )

backend/src/cyclone/parsers/parse_837.py

@@ -83,6 +83,12 @@ def _build_envelope(segments: list[list[str]], input_file: str = "") -> tuple[En
             except (IndexError, ValueError) as exc:
                 log.warning("Could not parse BHT date: %s", exc)
         elif seg[0] == "ST" and envelope is not None:
+            # SP37 Task 2: capture ST02 (transaction set control number).
+            # 999 acks echo this back as AK201, so this is what makes the
+            # batch row joinable once the 999 ingests. Distinct from ISA13
+            # (which is already on ``control_number``).
+            if len(seg) > 2:
+                envelope = envelope.model_copy(update={"transaction_set_control_number": seg[2].strip()})
             if len(seg) > 3:
                 envelope = envelope.model_copy(update={"implementation_guide": seg[3]})
     return envelope, summary
@@ -210,6 +216,7 @@ def _consume_claim(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> tuple[ClaimOutput, in
     service_lines: list[ServiceLine] = []
     raw: list[list[str]] = [seg]
     prior_auth: str | None = None
+    rendering_provider_npi: str | None = None
 
     idx += 1
     while idx < len(segments) and segments[idx][0] not in {"HL", "CLM", "SE"}:
@@ -226,6 +233,11 @@ def _consume_claim(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> tuple[ClaimOutput, in
                 for code in parts[1:]:
                     if code:
                         diagnoses.append(Diagnosis(code=code, qualifier=qualifier))
+        elif s[0] == "NM1" and len(s) > 1 and s[1] == "82":
+            # SP32: capture rendering provider NPI from Loop 2420A NM1*82.
+            # NM108 (idx 8) is the qualifier (typically "XX"), NM109 (idx 9) is the NPI.
+            if len(s) > 9 and s[8] == "XX" and len(s[9]) == 10 and s[9].isdigit():
+                rendering_provider_npi = s[9]
         elif s[0] == "LX":
             line_no = int(s[1]) if len(s) > 1 and s[1].isdigit() else len(service_lines) + 1
             # LX is just a separator — the actual service line data is in the next SV1.
@@ -255,6 +267,7 @@ def _consume_claim(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> tuple[ClaimOutput, in
             subscriber=Subscriber(first_name="", last_name="", member_id="", address=Address(line1="", city="", state="", zip="")),
             payer=Payer(name="", id=""),
             claim=claim_header,
+            rendering_provider_npi=rendering_provider_npi,
             diagnoses=diagnoses,
             service_lines=service_lines,
             validation=ValidationReport(passed=True, errors=[], warnings=[]),
@@ -296,7 +309,7 @@ def _consume_service_line(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int, line_no: int) ->
     provider_ref: str | None = None
 
     idx += 1
-    while idx < len(segments) and segments[idx][0] not in {"LX", "HL", "CLM", "SE"}:
+    while idx < len(segments) and segments[idx][0] not in {"LX", "HL", "CLM", "SE", "NM1"}:
         s = segments[idx]
         raw.append(s)
         if s[0] == "DTP" and len(s) > 2 and s[1] == "472":

backend/src/cyclone/parsers/parse_999.py

@@ -8,6 +8,12 @@ Single-pass walker over the tokenized segment list:
 - AK3 (Segment Context) + AK4 (Element Context) — optional per-segment errors
 - AK5 (Transaction Set Response Status) — per-set accept/reject
 - AK9 (Functional Group Response Status) — per-group counts + ack code
+- IK5 — a non-standard synonym for ``AK5`` that Gainwell's MFT ships
+  in place of the spec-defined ``AK5``. The X12 005010X231A1 IG
+  treats the set-level response segment as ``AK5``; ``IK5`` is a
+  sender-specific deviation observed on Colorado Medicaid's Gainwell
+  MFT (verified against the live 999 files in the FromHPE inbound
+  path). We accept either.
 - SE / GE / IEA
 
 Errors at the file level raise :class:`CycloneParseError`. The parser
@@ -146,6 +152,11 @@ def _consume_ak3_ak4(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> tuple[list[SegmentE
 def _consume_ak2(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> SetFunctionalGroupResponse | None:
     """Read an AK2 + its child AK3*/AK4* + AK5 segments, return the SetResponse.
 
+    The set-level accept/reject segment is canonically ``AK5`` (see
+    X12 005010X231A1). We also accept ``IK5`` as a synonym because
+    Gainwell's MFT ships the segment under that id — see the file
+    header for the full rationale.
+
     Returns None when called with a non-AK2 segment (defensive — the
     orchestrator only calls this when it sees AK2).
     """
@@ -164,8 +175,11 @@ def _consume_ak2(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> SetFunctionalGroupRespo
     if idx < len(segments) and segments[idx][0] == "AK3":
         seg_errors, idx = _consume_ak3_ak4(segments, idx)
     # AK5 (set accept/reject) — required by the spec; default to "R" if missing.
+    # Gainwell's MFT uses IK5 instead of AK5 (sender-specific segment id
+    # that means the same thing); accept either. The default of "R"
+    # matters: if the segment is missing entirely, the 999 is a reject.
     accept_code = "R"
-    if idx < len(segments) and segments[idx][0] == "AK5":
+    if idx < len(segments) and segments[idx][0] in ("AK5", "IK5"):
         ak5 = segments[idx]
         if len(ak5) > 1 and ak5[1]:
             accept_code = ak5[1]
@@ -256,8 +270,11 @@ def parse_999_text(text: str, *, input_file: str = "") -> ParseResult999:
                 set_responses.append(sr)
                 # Advance past the AK2 + AK3*/AK4*/AK5 cluster
                 # (re-walk from i+1 because _consume_ak2 doesn't return idx).
+                # ``IK5`` is the Gainwell-specific synonym for ``AK5``
+                # and must be in the consumed set here too (see
+                # _consume_ak2 for the full rationale).
                 i += 1
-                while i < len(segments) and segments[i][0] in {"AK3", "AK4", "AK5"}:
+                while i < len(segments) and segments[i][0] in {"AK3", "AK4", "AK5", "IK5"}:
                     i += 1
             else:
                 i += 1

backend/src/cyclone/parsers/payer.py

@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ class PayerConfig(BaseModel):
             # Lenient in v1 — see spec §9 R031.
             require_ref_g1_for_adjustments=False,
             allowed_bht06={"CH"},
-            payer_id="SKCO0",
+            payer_id="CO_TXIX",
-            payer_name="COHCPF",
+            payer_name="CO_TXIX",
             no_patient_loop=True,
             encounter_claim_in_same_batch=False,
             allowed_facility_qualifiers={"B"},

backend/src/cyclone/reconcile.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Match algorithm:
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from dataclasses import dataclass
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from datetime import date, datetime, timezone
 from decimal import Decimal
 from typing import Iterable, Optional, Protocol
@@ -50,6 +50,18 @@ class Match:
     remittance: _RemitLike
     strategy: str
     is_reversal: bool
+    # SP31: which content-keys the 2-of-3 (or 3-of-3) rule agreed on.
+    # Populated for ``score-auto`` matches; empty for ``pcn-exact`` /
+    # ``manual`` (PCN-exact only uses the PCN key by definition; manual
+    # is operator-driven). Floats into the ``auto_matched_835``
+    # ActivityEvent payload so the audit trail records *why* the link
+    # fired. Transient — the ORM Match row does not persist these
+    # (spec keeps the audit trail in ActivityEvent.payload_json only).
+    keys_matched: set[str] = field(default_factory=set)
+    # SP31: how many candidates were in the ±30-day window pool when
+    # the score-auto match fired. Useful when an operator is reviewing
+    # a borderline auto-link — 1-of-1 is unambiguous; 1-of-5 was lucky.
+    candidate_count: int = 0
 
 
 def match(
@@ -84,7 +96,7 @@ def match(
         matches.append(Match(
             claim=chosen,
             remittance=r,
-            strategy="auto",
+            strategy="pcn-exact",
             is_reversal=r.is_reversal,
         ))
         used_claim_ids.add(chosen.id)
@@ -117,6 +129,163 @@ def _pick_claim(
     return None
 
 
+# --- SP31: content-keys fallback matcher -----------------------------------
+
+CHARGE_TOLERANCE = Decimal("0.01")
+KEYS_REQUIRED = 2
+
+
+def _content_keys_match(remit, claim) -> set[str]:
+    """Return the set of content-keys that agree between ``remit`` and ``claim``.
+
+    Compares {``pcn``, ``charge``, ``npi``} between the two sides and returns
+    the subset whose values match. Caller checks ``len(returned) >= KEYS_REQUIRED``
+    to decide whether to auto-link. Returning the matched keys (rather than a
+    bool) lets the ActivityEvent payload record exactly which 2-of-3 (or 3-of-3)
+    produced the auto-link — the audit trail for the SP31 content-keys rule.
+
+    Charge compared with ``CHARGE_TOLERANCE`` tolerance (rounding drift).
+    NPI counts as "not matched" when the remit's NPI is empty.
+
+    Uses duck-typing via ``getattr`` so the helper works against both:
+      - shim / dataclass test objects (planned names: total_charge_amount,
+        total_charge, rendering_provider_npi), and
+      - real SQLAlchemy ORM instances (Claim.charge_amount, Remittance.total_charge,
+        Claim.provider_npi, Claim.rendering_provider_npi,
+        Remittance.rendering_provider_npi).
+
+    Production note (SP32): the typed ``rendering_provider_npi`` column is
+    the primary read for both sides (Claim = NM1*82, Remit = NM1*1P). Legacy
+    rows pre-0019 still carry the value in ``raw_json``; the read order is:
+      - NPI:  typed column → raw_json (``service_provider_npi`` for remit,
+        ``rendering_provider_npi`` for claim) → claim ``provider_npi``
+        (billing fallback for legacy 837p rows without NM1*82 extraction).
+      - Charge: planned attribute name → real ORM column → raw_json.
+    The ``raw_json`` fallback is what makes this helper safe against a
+    raw ``Remittance`` ORM instance from ``reconcile.run()``.
+    """
+    matched: set[str] = set()
+
+    # PCN: payer_claim_control_number ↔ patient_control_number (stripped).
+    if (getattr(remit, "payer_claim_control_number", "") or "").strip() == \
+       (getattr(claim, "patient_control_number", "") or "").strip():
+        matched.add("pcn")
+
+    # Charge: prefer the planned attribute names, fall back to real ORM columns,
+    # then to raw_json (where the 835 parser stores CLP03). Explicit ``is None``
+    # checks avoid the ``Decimal("0")`` truthiness footgun — ``Decimal("0")``
+    # is truthy in a boolean context but ``or`` would still let it through;
+    # the more important property is that we don't accidentally replace a real
+    # value with a default.
+    _remit_charge = getattr(remit, "total_charge_amount", None)
+    if _remit_charge is None:
+        _remit_charge = getattr(remit, "total_charge", None)
+    if _remit_charge is None:
+        _remit_charge = (getattr(remit, "raw_json", None) or {}).get("total_charge_amount")
+
+    _claim_charge = getattr(claim, "total_charge", None)
+    if _claim_charge is None:
+        _claim_charge = getattr(claim, "charge_amount", None)
+    if _claim_charge is None:
+        _claim_charge = (getattr(claim, "raw_json", None) or {}).get("total_charge_amount")
+
+    if _remit_charge is not None and _claim_charge is not None and \
+       abs(_remit_charge - _claim_charge) < CHARGE_TOLERANCE:
+        matched.add("charge")
+
+    # NPI: typed-column primary path (SP32), raw_json fallback (legacy rows).
+    # Remit reads rendering_provider_npi (single value, D4); claim reads
+    # rendering_provider_npi first, then falls back to provider_npi (billing)
+    # for legacy rows where the 837p parser hadn't yet extracted NM1*82.
+    remit_npi = (
+        (getattr(remit, "rendering_provider_npi", "") or "")
+        or ((getattr(remit, "raw_json", None) or {}).get("service_provider_npi", "") or "")
+        or ((getattr(remit, "raw_json", None) or {}).get("rendering_provider_npi", "") or "")
+    ).strip()
+    claim_npi = (
+        (getattr(claim, "rendering_provider_npi", "") or "")
+        or (getattr(claim, "provider_npi", "") or "")
+        or ((getattr(claim, "raw_json", None) or {}).get("rendering_provider_npi", "") or "")
+    ).strip()
+    if remit_npi and remit_npi == claim_npi:
+        matched.add("npi")
+
+    return matched
+
+
+# --- SP31: DB-side fallback candidate matcher -------------------------------
+
+SCORE_FALLBACK_WINDOW_DAYS = 30
+
+
+def _score_fallback_candidates(session, remit) -> Optional[tuple[str, set[str], int]]:
+    """Return (claim_id, keys_matched, candidate_count) for a unique 2-of-3 match.
+
+    Queries a ±SCORE_FALLBACK_WINDOW_DAYS candidate pool filtered by:
+    - claim.matched_remittance_id IS NULL (not yet linked)
+    - claim.state NOT IN terminal set (PAID, DENIED, REJECTED,
+      REVERSED, RECONCILED)
+    - claim.service_date_from within window of remit.service_date
+
+    Returns ``(claim_id, keys_matched, candidate_count)`` when exactly one
+    candidate passes the 2-of-3 rule (via :func:`_content_keys_match`),
+    otherwise ``None``. ``keys_matched`` is the set returned by the helper
+    (``{"pcn", "charge"}`` or any 2-of-3 / 3-of-3 combination) — the
+    ActivityEvent payload records it as the audit trail for *why* the
+    auto-link fired. ``candidate_count`` is the size of the window pool
+    (independent of how many matched) so the operator can see whether
+    the match was 1-of-N or 1-of-1.
+
+    Ambiguous matches (2+ candidates) also return ``None`` — they land
+    in the Inbox Unlinked lane for manual review.
+
+    Note on payer_id: ``Remittance`` has no ``payer_id`` column
+    (``Claim.payer_id`` does, and is the source of truth on the claim
+    side; the 835 parser stores payer_id in ``Remittance.raw_json``).
+    Filtering by payer would require either a raw_json read or a model
+    column add — out of scope for SP31 Task 3. The PCN itself is
+    expected to be unique within a payer's submission, so cross-payer
+    collisions are unlikely. Revisit if production shows otherwise.
+    """
+    from sqlalchemy import select, and_
+    from datetime import timedelta
+    from cyclone.db import Claim, ClaimState
+
+    TERMINAL = {
+        ClaimState.PAID, ClaimState.DENIED, ClaimState.REJECTED,
+        ClaimState.REVERSED, ClaimState.RECONCILED,
+    }
+
+    if remit.service_date is None:
+        return None  # need a date for the window query
+
+    window_lo = remit.service_date - timedelta(days=SCORE_FALLBACK_WINDOW_DAYS)
+    window_hi = remit.service_date + timedelta(days=SCORE_FALLBACK_WINDOW_DAYS)
+
+    candidates = list(session.execute(
+        select(Claim).where(
+            and_(
+                Claim.matched_remittance_id.is_(None),
+                Claim.service_date_from >= window_lo,
+                Claim.service_date_from <= window_hi,
+                Claim.state.notin_([s.value for s in TERMINAL]),
+            )
+        )
+    ).scalars().all())
+
+    matched_pairs = [
+        (c.id, _content_keys_match(remit, c))
+        for c in candidates
+    ]
+    matched_pairs = [
+        (cid, ks) for cid, ks in matched_pairs if len(ks) >= KEYS_REQUIRED
+    ]
+    if len(matched_pairs) == 1:
+        cid, keys_matched = matched_pairs[0]
+        return (cid, keys_matched, len(candidates))
+    return None  # 0 matches OR 2+ (ambiguous)
+
+
 @dataclass
 class ApplyIntent:
     """Result of applying a match. The caller persists this.
@@ -224,17 +393,22 @@ class ReconcileResult:
 def run(session, batch_id: str) -> ReconcileResult:
     """Orchestrate reconciliation for an 835 batch.
 
-    Expects Batch + Remittance + CasAdjustment rows already persisted
+    Expects Batch + Remittance + CasAdjustment rows already added to
-    (this is called from store.add() AFTER commit). Loads the new
+    ``session`` (not yet committed). SP27 Task 10 calls this from
-    remittances + all currently-unmatched Claims, calls match(), then
+    inside ``CycloneStore.add``'s ingest session, BEFORE
-    applies each match's intent inside the caller's session.
+    ``s.commit()`` — so the whole 835 ingest (rows + reconcile) is
+    a single transaction. If anything here raises, the ingest rolls
+    back; no half-reconciled batch ever lands.
+
+    Loads the new remittances + all currently-unmatched Claims, calls
+    match(), then applies each match's intent inside the caller's session.
 
     Returns counts. Does NOT commit; caller controls transaction.
     Raises on failure (caller catches and writes activity event).
     """
     from sqlalchemy import select
     from cyclone.db import (
-        Batch, Claim, Remittance, CasAdjustment, Match, ActivityEvent,
+        Batch, Claim, Remittance, CasAdjustment, Match as MatchORM, ActivityEvent,
         ClaimState,
     )
 
@@ -252,6 +426,34 @@ def run(session, batch_id: str) -> ReconcileResult:
 
     matches = match(unmatched_claims, new_remits)
 
+    # SP31: content-keys fallback for remits that PCN-exact couldn't pair.
+    # Operates on the still-unmatched remits so we don't double-match.
+    matched_remit_ids = {m.remittance.id for m in matches}
+    used_claim_ids = {m.claim.id for m in matches}
+    for remit in new_remits:
+        if remit.id in matched_remit_ids:
+            continue
+        if getattr(remit, "claim_id", None) is not None:
+            continue  # already linked
+        fallback_result = _score_fallback_candidates(session, remit)
+        if fallback_result is None:
+            continue
+        matched_claim_id, keys_matched, candidate_count = fallback_result
+        # Find the claim object in the unmatched_claims list (it was loaded).
+        target_claim = next(
+            (c for c in unmatched_claims if c.id == matched_claim_id),
+            None,
+        )
+        if target_claim is None or target_claim.id in used_claim_ids:
+            continue
+        matches.append(Match(
+            claim=target_claim, remittance=remit,
+            strategy="score-auto", is_reversal=remit.is_reversal,
+            keys_matched=keys_matched,
+            candidate_count=candidate_count,
+        ))
+        used_claim_ids.add(target_claim.id)
+
     applied = 0
     skipped = 0
     for m in matches:
@@ -275,7 +477,7 @@ def run(session, batch_id: str) -> ReconcileResult:
             skipped += 1
             continue
 
-        session.add(Match(
+        session.add(MatchORM(
             claim_id=m.claim.id, remittance_id=m.remittance.id,
             strategy=m.strategy,
             matched_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
@@ -293,10 +495,25 @@ def run(session, batch_id: str) -> ReconcileResult:
         m.remittance.claim_id = m.claim.id
 
         session.add(ActivityEvent(
-            ts=datetime.now(timezone.utc), kind=intent.activity_kind,
+            ts=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+            kind=("auto_matched_835" if m.strategy == "score-auto" else intent.activity_kind),
             batch_id=batch_id, claim_id=m.claim.id,
             remittance_id=m.remittance.id,
-            payload_json={"new_state": m.claim.state.value},
+            payload_json=(
+                {
+                    "new_state": m.claim.state.value, "strategy": m.strategy,
+                    # SP31 spec D8: the auto_matched_835 payload records
+                    # which content-keys the 2-of-3 (or 3-of-3) rule
+                    # agreed on, plus how many candidates were in the
+                    # window pool. ``sorted()`` converts the set to a
+                    # JSON-serializable list and pins a deterministic
+                    # order for tests + audit reads.
+                    "keys_matched": sorted(m.keys_matched),
+                    "candidate_count": m.candidate_count,
+                }
+                if m.strategy == "score-auto"
+                else {"new_state": m.claim.state.value}
+            ),
         ))
         applied += 1
 

backend/src/cyclone/scheduler.py

@@ -55,7 +55,10 @@ from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
 from cyclone.clearhouse import InboundFile, SftpClient
 from cyclone.db import ProcessedInboundFile
 from cyclone.edi.filenames import parse_inbound_filename
-from cyclone.inbox_state import apply_999_rejections
+from cyclone.handlers import handle_277ca as _handle_277ca
+from cyclone.handlers import handle_835 as _handle_835
+from cyclone.handlers import handle_999 as _handle_999
+from cyclone.handlers import handle_ta1 as _handle_ta1
 from cyclone.inbox_state_277ca import apply_277ca_rejections
 from cyclone.providers import SftpBlock
 
@@ -69,6 +72,11 @@ STATUS_SKIPPED = "skipped"
 STATUS_PENDING = "pending"
 
 
+# How long reconfigure_scheduler waits for the in-flight tick to
+# drain before cancelling the old task. Matches Scheduler.stop().
+_DRAIN_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 30
+
+
 # File types we know how to route. The HCPF set is broader (270/271/
 # 276/277/278/820/834/ENCR) but Cyclone's parser only covers the
 # four below. Files with unknown types are recorded as ``skipped``
@@ -87,6 +95,12 @@ class TickResult:
     files_skipped: int = 0
     files_errored: int = 0
     errors: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    # SP27 Task 9: ``sftp_failed`` is the discriminator that separates
+    # SFTP-side failures (the listing step) from per-file processing
+    # errors. ``tick()`` keys off this flag — NOT ``result.errors`` —
+    # so a single malformed 999 cannot flip the operator's destructive
+    # pill. Set in ``_tick_impl``'s listing-error branches only.
+    sftp_failed: bool = False
 
     def as_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         return {
@@ -99,12 +113,22 @@ class TickResult:
             "files_skipped": self.files_skipped,
             "files_errored": self.files_errored,
             "errors": list(self.errors),
+            "sftp_failed": self.sftp_failed,
         }
 
 
 @dataclass
 class SchedulerStatus:
-    """Snapshot of the scheduler's runtime state."""
+    """Snapshot of the scheduler's runtime state.
+
+    SP27 Task 9 added the four SFTP-error fields
+    (``consecutive_failures``, ``last_error``, ``last_error_at``,
+    ``last_sftp_attempt_at``) so the operator's UI can tell "all
+    quiet on the MFT front" from "we've been unable to reach the
+    MFT server for 3 hours". The previous 06/25 incident went
+    unnoticed because the status dict had no signal for a hung
+    SFTP poll.
+    """
 
     running: bool
     poll_interval_seconds: int
@@ -115,6 +139,13 @@ class SchedulerStatus:
     total_skipped: int
     total_errored: int
     last_tick: Optional[TickResult] = None
+    # SP27 Task 9: SFTP-error surfacing. The UI flips to a destructive
+    # pill when ``consecutive_failures >= 3`` (``CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_FAIL_THRESHOLD``
+    # in the operator pill config; not enforced server-side).
+    consecutive_failures: int = 0
+    last_error: Optional[str] = None
+    last_error_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    last_sftp_attempt_at: Optional[datetime] = None
 
     def as_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
         return {
@@ -129,6 +160,15 @@ class SchedulerStatus:
             "total_skipped": self.total_skipped,
             "total_errored": self.total_errored,
             "last_tick": self.last_tick.as_dict() if self.last_tick else None,
+            "consecutive_failures": self.consecutive_failures,
+            "last_error": self.last_error,
+            "last_error_at": (
+                self.last_error_at.isoformat() if self.last_error_at else None
+            ),
+            "last_sftp_attempt_at": (
+                self.last_sftp_attempt_at.isoformat()
+                if self.last_sftp_attempt_at else None
+            ),
         }
 
 
@@ -136,179 +176,17 @@ class SchedulerStatus:
 # Per-file-type handlers. Each returns (parser_name, claim_count) and
 # persists its own DB rows. The scheduler records the outcome.
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# 999 (Task 2), TA1 (Task 3), 277CA (Task 4), and 835 (Task 5) now
+# live in ``cyclone.handlers``. The HANDLERS dict literal below
+# references the alias imports so the wiring stays identical.
 
 
-def _handle_999(text: str, source_file: str) -> tuple[str, int]:
+# The 277CA handler has moved to ``cyclone.handlers.handle_277ca``
-    """Parse a 999, apply rejections, persist ack row. Returns (parser, count)."""
+# (SP27 Task 4); the inline def was deleted. The HANDLERS dict literal
-    from cyclone.parsers.parse_999 import parse_999_text
+# below still references ``_handle_277ca`` because the import-alias
-    from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+# line at the top of this module binds that name to the new function.
-
+# Only the 835 handler stays inline (Task 5).
-    try:
-        result = parse_999_text(text, input_file=source_file)
-    except CycloneParseError as exc:
-        raise ValueError(f"999 parse error: {exc}") from exc
-
-    received, accepted, rejected, ack_code = _ack_count_summary(result)
-    icn = result.envelope.control_number
-    synthetic_id = _ack_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn)
-
-    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
-        def _lookup(pcn: str):
-            return (
-                session.query(db.Claim)
-                .filter_by(patient_control_number=pcn)
-                .first()
-            )
-        rejection_result = apply_999_rejections(
-            session, result, claim_lookup=_lookup,
-        )
-        if rejection_result.matched:
-            for cid in rejection_result.matched:
-                append_event(session, AuditEvent(
-                    event_type="claim.rejected",
-                    entity_type="claim",
-                    entity_id=cid,
-                    payload={"source_batch_id": synthetic_id},
-                    actor="999-parser-scheduler",
-                ))
-        row = cycl_store.add_ack(
-            source_batch_id=synthetic_id,
-            accepted_count=accepted,
-            rejected_count=rejected,
-            received_count=received,
-            ack_code=ack_code,
-            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
-        )
-        session.commit()
-    return "parse_999", received
-
-
-def _handle_835(text: str, source_file: str) -> tuple[str, int]:
-    """Parse an 835, run validation, persist batch + remittances."""
-    import uuid
-    from cyclone.parsers.parse_835 import parse as parse_835
-    from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
-    from cyclone.parsers.validator_835 import validate as validate_835
-    from cyclone.payers import PAYER_FACTORIES_835
-    from cyclone.store import BatchRecord
-
-    config = PAYER_FACTORIES_835["co_medicaid_835"]()
-    try:
-        result = parse_835(text, config, input_file=source_file)
-    except CycloneParseError as exc:
-        raise ValueError(f"835 parse error: {exc}") from exc
-
-    # Validation report (mirrors the API endpoint).
-    report = validate_835(result, config)
-    n = len(result.claims)
-    if report.passed:
-        passed, failed, failed_claim_ids = n, 0, []
-    else:
-        passed, failed, failed_claim_ids = 0, n, [
-            c.payer_claim_control_number for c in result.claims
-        ]
-    result = result.model_copy(update={
-        "validation": report,
-        "summary": result.summary.model_copy(update={
-            "passed": passed,
-            "failed": failed,
-            "failed_claim_ids": failed_claim_ids,
-        }),
-    })
-
-    rec = BatchRecord(
-        id=uuid.uuid4().hex,
-        kind="835",
-        input_filename=source_file,
-        parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        result=result,
-    )
-    cycl_store.add(rec)
-    return "parse_835", len(result.claims)
-
-
-def _handle_277ca(text: str, source_file: str) -> tuple[str, int]:
-    """Parse a 277CA, persist ack + stamp payer-rejected claims."""
-    from cyclone.parsers.parse_277ca import parse_277ca_text
-    from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
-
-    try:
-        result = parse_277ca_text(text, input_file=source_file)
-    except CycloneParseError as exc:
-        raise ValueError(f"277CA parse error: {exc}") from exc
-
-    icn = result.envelope.control_number
-    synthetic_id = _277ca_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn)
-    accepted = sum(
-        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "accepted"
-    )
-    paid = sum(
-        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "paid"
-    )
-    rejected = sum(
-        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "rejected"
-    )
-    pended = sum(
-        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "pended"
-    )
-
-    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
-        row = cycl_store.add_277ca_ack(
-            source_batch_id=synthetic_id,
-            control_number=icn,
-            accepted_count=accepted,
-            rejected_count=rejected,
-            paid_count=paid,
-            pended_count=pended,
-            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
-        )
-        def _lookup(pcn: str):
-            return (
-                session.query(db.Claim)
-                .filter(db.Claim.patient_control_number == pcn)
-                .first()
-            )
-        apply_result = apply_277ca_rejections(
-            session, result, claim_lookup=_lookup, two77ca_id=row.id,
-        )
-        if apply_result.matched:
-            for cid in apply_result.matched:
-                append_event(session, AuditEvent(
-                    event_type="claim.payer_rejected",
-                    entity_type="claim",
-                    entity_id=cid,
-                    payload={"source_batch_id": synthetic_id, "277ca_id": row.id},
-                    actor="277ca-parser-scheduler",
-                ))
-        session.commit()
-    return "parse_277ca", len(result.claim_statuses)
-
-
-def _handle_ta1(text: str, source_file: str) -> tuple[str, int]:
-    """Parse a TA1, persist the interchange ack row."""
-    from cyclone.parsers.parse_ta1 import parse_ta1_text
-    from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
-
-    try:
-        result = parse_ta1_text(text, input_file=source_file)
-    except CycloneParseError as exc:
-        raise ValueError(f"TA1 parse error: {exc}") from exc
-
-    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
-        cycl_store.add_ta1_ack(
-            source_batch_id=result.source_batch_id,
-            control_number=result.ta1.control_number,
-            interchange_date=result.ta1.interchange_date,
-            interchange_time=result.ta1.interchange_time,
-            ack_code=result.ta1.ack_code,
-            note_code=result.ta1.note_code,
-            ack_generated_date=result.ta1.ack_generated_date,
-            sender_id=result.envelope.sender_id,
-            receiver_id=result.envelope.receiver_id,
-            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
-        )
-        session.commit()
-    return "parse_ta1", 1
 
 
 # Map file_type → handler. Mirrors ROUTED_FILE_TYPES.
@@ -323,43 +201,15 @@ HANDLERS: dict[str, Callable[[str, str], tuple[str, int]]] = {
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Light copies of helpers the API endpoints use, so the scheduler can
-# run without depending on the FastAPI module.
+# Run without depending on the FastAPI module.
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
-
+# Note: ``_277ca_synthetic_source_batch_id`` lived here as a
-
+# scheduler-local duplicate of
-def _ack_count_summary(result: Any) -> tuple[int, int, int, str]:
+# ``cyclone.handlers._ack_id.two77ca_synthetic_source_batch_id`` until
-    """Return (received, accepted, rejected, ack_code) for a 999.
+# SP27 Task 4 landed; the inline def has been deleted because
-
+# ``handle_277ca`` now imports the canonical copy. The historical
-    Mirrors the logic in ``cyclone.api._ack_count_summary`` but lives
+# helper was the only remaining inline def in this section — the
-    here so the scheduler can run without importing the API module.
+# surviving inline handler is ``_handle_835`` (lifts in Task 5).
-    """
-    if result.functional_group_acks:
-        fg = result.functional_group_acks[0]
-        return (
-            fg.received_count, fg.accepted_count,
-            fg.rejected_count, fg.ack_code,
-        )
-    sets = result.set_responses
-    received = len(sets)
-    accepted = sum(1 for s in sets if s.set_accept_reject.code == "A")
-    rejected = received - accepted
-    if rejected == 0:
-        code = "A"
-    elif accepted == 0:
-        code = "R"
-    else:
-        code = "P"
-    return (received, accepted, rejected, code)
-
-
-def _ack_synthetic_source_batch_id(interchange_control_number: str) -> str:
-    """Synthetic batches.id for a received 999 with no source batch."""
-    return f"999-{(interchange_control_number or '').strip() or '000000001'}"
-
-
-def _277ca_synthetic_source_batch_id(interchange_control_number: str) -> str:
-    """Synthetic batches.id for a received 277CA with no source batch."""
-    return f"277CA-{(interchange_control_number or '').strip() or '000000001'}"
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -413,6 +263,40 @@ class Scheduler:
         # ticks stack up; the next tick fires only after the previous
         # one finishes).
         self._tick_in_progress = False
+        # SP27 Task 9: SFTP-error surfacing. ``_consecutive_failures``
+        # counts back-to-back tick failures (cleared on the next
+        # successful tick). The other three fields are the most
+        # recent failure for the operator's pill — preserved across
+        # successes so the audit trail doesn't disappear the moment
+        # the MFT server recovers.
+        self._consecutive_failures = 0
+        self._last_error: Optional[str] = None
+        self._last_error_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+        self._last_sftp_attempt_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+
+    def _record_sftp_outcome(
+        self, *, success: bool, error: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Update the SFTP-error state after a tick.
+
+        ``success=True`` resets the consecutive-failure counter; the
+        last-error fields are preserved as an audit trail (the
+        operator's UI can still surface "last failure: 2 hours ago"
+        after a recovery).
+
+        ``success=False`` bumps the counter and records the error
+        message + timestamp. ``last_sftp_attempt_at`` is bumped in
+        both cases so the operator can tell when the scheduler last
+        *tried* to reach the MFT (not just when it last failed).
+        """
+        now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        self._last_sftp_attempt_at = now
+        if success:
+            self._consecutive_failures = 0
+            return
+        self._consecutive_failures += 1
+        self._last_error = error
+        self._last_error_at = now
 
     # ---- Public API -------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -460,6 +344,10 @@ class Scheduler:
             total_skipped=self._total_skipped,
             total_errored=self._total_errored,
             last_tick=self._last_tick,
+            consecutive_failures=self._consecutive_failures,
+            last_error=self._last_error,
+            last_error_at=self._last_error_at,
+            last_sftp_attempt_at=self._last_sftp_attempt_at,
         )
 
     def is_running(self) -> bool:
@@ -473,6 +361,13 @@ class Scheduler:
         SFTP server from a stampede when the operator hits
         ``/api/admin/scheduler/tick`` while a scheduled tick is
         already running.
+
+        SP27 Task 9: the tick outcome is also recorded on the
+        scheduler's SFTP-error state via
+        :meth:`_record_sftp_outcome`. The discriminator is
+        ``TickResult.sftp_failed`` (set by ``_tick_impl``'s
+        listing-error branches only), not ``TickResult.errors``
+        which is also populated by per-file processing errors.
         """
         while self._tick_in_progress:
             await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
@@ -485,6 +380,63 @@ class Scheduler:
             self._total_processed += result.files_processed
             self._total_skipped += result.files_skipped
             self._total_errored += result.files_errored
+            # SFTP-error surfacing: discriminator is ``result.sftp_failed``,
+            # NOT ``result.errors``. ``sftp_failed`` is set by
+            # ``_tick_impl``'s listing-error branches (timeout, connect
+            # refused). Per-file processing errors append to
+            # ``result.errors`` but do NOT set ``sftp_failed`` — a
+            # single malformed 999 in a 5-file batch must not flip
+            # the operator's pill to destructive.
+            if result.sftp_failed:
+                self._record_sftp_outcome(
+                    success=False,
+                    error="; ".join(result.errors),
+                )
+            else:
+                self._record_sftp_outcome(success=True)
+            return result
+        finally:
+            self._tick_in_progress = False
+
+    async def process_inbound_files(
+        self, files: list[InboundFile],
+    ) -> TickResult:
+        """Run the per-file processing pipeline over a pre-fetched list.
+
+        Unlike :meth:`tick`, this does **not** call SFTP — the caller
+        is expected to have already downloaded (or arranged the local
+        copy of) each ``InboundFile.local_path``. Used by the
+        ``/api/admin/scheduler/pull-inbound`` admin endpoint and the
+        ``cyclone pull-inbound`` CLI command to process a date-filtered
+        subset of the inbound MFT path without paying the cost of a
+        full poll.
+
+        Honors ``_stop_event`` between files. Concurrent calls are
+        coalesced the same way :meth:`tick` does, so a slow handler
+        can't be stampeded by a parallel admin invocation.
+
+        SP27 Task 9: deliberately does NOT update the SFTP-error
+        state (no listing, no SFTP). The consecutive-failure counter
+        is the signal for scheduled SFTP polling; operator-initiated
+        batches shouldn't be able to flip it.
+        """
+        while self._tick_in_progress:
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+        self._tick_in_progress = True
+        try:
+            started = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+            result = TickResult(started_at=started, files_seen=len(files))
+            for f in files:
+                if self._stop_event.is_set():
+                    break
+                await self._handle_one(f, result)
+            result.finished_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+            self._last_tick = result
+            self._last_poll_at = result.finished_at
+            self._poll_count += 1
+            self._total_processed += result.files_processed
+            self._total_skipped += result.files_skipped
+            self._total_errored += result.files_errored
             return result
         finally:
             self._tick_in_progress = False
@@ -517,11 +469,26 @@ class Scheduler:
         started = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
         result = TickResult(started_at=started)
 
+        # SP27 Task 8: use the async-wrapped SFTP client so a hung
+        # ``listdir_attr`` (the 06/25 silent-hang failure mode) is
+        # bounded by ``CYCLONE_SFTP_OP_TIMEOUT_SECONDS`` instead of
+        # waiting on paramiko forever. ``asyncio.TimeoutError`` is
+        # handled explicitly so the tick surfaces a clear error in
+        # ``Scheduler.status()`` (Task 9) rather than a generic
+        # ``Exception`` catch-all.
+        client = self._sftp_client_factory(self._sftp_block)
         try:
-            files = await asyncio.to_thread(self._list_inbound)
+            files = await client.async_list_inbound()
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            log.exception("SFTP list_inbound timed out")
+            result.errors.append("list_inbound: timeout")
+            result.sftp_failed = True
+            result.finished_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+            return result
         except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
             log.exception("SFTP list_inbound failed")
             result.errors.append(f"list_inbound: {exc}")
+            result.sftp_failed = True
             result.finished_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
             return result
 
@@ -534,11 +501,6 @@ class Scheduler:
         result.finished_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
         return result
 
-    def _list_inbound(self) -> list[InboundFile]:
-        """Return files in the inbound MFT path. Runs on a thread."""
-        client = self._sftp_client_factory(self._sftp_block)
-        return client.list_inbound()
-
     async def _handle_one(self, f: InboundFile, result: TickResult) -> None:
         """Process one inbound file: skip-if-seen, classify, parse, record."""
         if await self._already_processed(f.name):
@@ -645,20 +607,21 @@ class Scheduler:
     def _download_and_parse(
         self, f: InboundFile, file_type: str,
     ) -> tuple[Path, str, int]:
-        """Download from MFT, run the right handler. Returns (path, parser, count).
+        """Run the right handler on one inbound file. Returns (path, parser, count).
 
-        Stub mode: ``f.local_path`` already points at the staged file
+        Both stub and real modes read from ``f.local_path`` — the
-        (set by ``SftpClient._list_inbound_stub``). Real mode: the
+        inbound file is already on disk:
-        remote name is ``f.name`` and we round-trip through paramiko.
+          * Stub mode: ``_list_inbound_stub`` points ``local_path`` at
+            the operator-dropped staging file.
+          * Real mode: ``_list_inbound_paramiko`` downloads each
+            ``listdir_attr`` entry into the local cache as part of the
+            listing pass. Re-reading from the MFT would require
+            ``SftpClient.read_file`` with a full remote path, which the
+            scheduler was passing just ``f.name`` for (i.e. a bare
+            filename at the SFTP root, not the inbound dir). Use the
+            cached bytes instead.
         """
-        if self._sftp_block.stub:
+        content = f.local_path.read_bytes()
-            # In stub mode the InboundFile already has a local_path;
-            # reading the staged bytes directly avoids the stub's
-            # remote-path semantics (which expect a full inbound path).
-            content = f.local_path.read_bytes()
-        else:
-            client = self._sftp_client_factory(self._sftp_block)
-            content = client.read_file(f.name)
         text = content.decode("utf-8")
         handler = HANDLERS[file_type]
         parser_used, claim_count = handler(text, f.name)
@@ -717,4 +680,57 @@ def get_scheduler() -> Scheduler:
 def reset_scheduler_for_tests() -> None:
     """Clear the module-level scheduler. Test-only."""
     global _scheduler
-    _scheduler = None
+    _scheduler = None
+
+
+async def reconfigure_scheduler(
+    sftp_block: SftpBlock,
+    *,
+    poll_interval_seconds: int = 60,
+    sftp_block_name: str = "default",
+) -> Scheduler:
+    """Replace the singleton scheduler; restart if it was running. SP25.
+
+    Called from ``PATCH /api/clearhouse`` so the next scheduler tick
+    uses the new SftpBlock without a process restart.
+
+    Lifecycle:
+        * If the previous scheduler is running, ``stop()`` it (waits
+          up to ``_DRAIN_TIMEOUT_SECONDS`` for the current tick to
+          finish — matches the existing ``Scheduler.stop()`` timeout).
+        * Replace the module-level ``_scheduler`` singleton with a
+          fresh ``Scheduler`` against the new block.
+        * If the previous one was running, ``start()`` the new one.
+
+    Threading: same constraint as ``configure_scheduler`` — must be
+    called from the FastAPI event loop, not a worker thread.
+    """
+    global _scheduler
+    was_running = False
+    if _scheduler is not None:
+        was_running = _scheduler.is_running()
+        if was_running:
+            # Drain the in-flight tick. Scheduler.stop() already
+            # applies the _DRAIN_TIMEOUT_SECONDS timeout internally;
+            # we just await it.
+            await _scheduler.stop()
+    poll = int(
+        os.environ.get("CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_POLL_SECONDS", poll_interval_seconds),
+    )
+    _scheduler = Scheduler(
+        sftp_block,
+        poll_interval_seconds=poll,
+        sftp_block_name=sftp_block_name,
+    )
+    if was_running:
+        await _scheduler.start()
+    log.info(
+        "Scheduler reconfigured",
+        extra={
+            "was_running": was_running,
+            "sftp_block": sftp_block_name,
+            "host": sftp_block.host,
+            "stub": sftp_block.stub,
+        },
+    )
+    return _scheduler

backend/src/cyclone/secrets.py

@@ -14,11 +14,36 @@ Setup (one-time, by the operator):
 
 Verification:
     security find-generic-password -s cyclone -a sftp.gainwell.password -w
+
+SP25 + SP26: the lookup now resolves the secret in four tiers, in
+this order:
+
+    1. ``<env_name>_FILE`` env var set — highest priority. Reads the
+       file at that path, strips whitespace, returns the contents.
+       This is the standard Docker-secrets pattern: mount a file at
+       ``/run/secrets/<name>`` and point the env var at it. An
+       operator who explicitly sets ``_FILE`` is making a positive
+       statement about where the secret lives, so a missing file
+       surfaces as a ``RuntimeError`` rather than silently falling
+       through. Empty string is treated as unset.
+    2. Plain env var named exactly ``<env_name>`` — second priority.
+       Lets a Linux server or Docker container pass the MFT password
+       via ``CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD=...`` without touching the Keychain
+       or a file mount. Trailing/leading whitespace (including the
+       ``\\n`` that .env files often leave at EOF) is stripped; an
+       empty value is treated as absent.
+    3. macOS Keychain via ``keyring`` — third priority. Kept as a
+       fallback so a macOS workstation that prefers
+       ``security add-generic-password`` works without env-var exports.
+    4. ``None`` — caller decides what to do (``SftpClient._connect``
+       raises a precise ``RuntimeError`` on real-mode auth).
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -36,24 +61,68 @@ except ImportError:
     _HAS_KEYRING = False
 
 
+def _env_var_for(name: str) -> str:
+    """Resolve the operator-facing env-var name for a secret.
+
+    Returns the entry from ``_ENV_NAME_FOR`` if present, otherwise
+    returns ``name`` verbatim.
+    """
+    return _ENV_NAME_FOR.get(name, name)
+
+
 def get_secret(name: str) -> Optional[str]:
-    """Fetch a secret from macOS Keychain by name.
+    """Fetch a secret by name. Four-tier lookup: _FILE, env var, Keychain, None.
 
     Args:
-        name: The Keychain account (e.g. "sftp.gainwell.password").
+        name: The secret name. Matches the Keychain account name
+            (e.g. ``"sftp.gainwell.password"``). The operator-facing
+            env-var form is mapped via the ``_ENV_NAME_FOR`` table at
+            the bottom of this module.
 
     Returns:
-        The secret string, or None if the entry is missing or keyring
+        The secret string (stripped), or ``None`` if no tier produced
-        is not installed.
+        a value.
+
+    Raises:
+        RuntimeError: if ``<env_name>_FILE`` is set but the file at
+            that path is missing or unreadable. The operator made a
+            positive statement about where the secret lives; silent
+            fall-through would mask a misconfiguration.
     """
-    if not _HAS_KEYRING:
+    env_name = _env_var_for(name)
-        log.warning("keyring not installed; get_secret(%r) returning None", name)
+    file_env = env_name + "_FILE"
-        return None
+    file_path_raw = os.environ.get(file_env)
-    try:
+    if file_path_raw:
-        return keyring.get_password(SERVICE_NAME, name)
+        # An empty string is treated as unset (matches the SP25 rule
-    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 (Keychain can raise anything)
+        # for plain env vars).
-        log.warning("Keychain get_secret(%r) failed: %s", name, exc)
+        stripped_path = file_path_raw.strip()
-        return None
+        if stripped_path:
+            try:
+                value = Path(stripped_path).read_text().strip()
+            except OSError as exc:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    f"failed to read {file_env}={stripped_path}: {exc}"
+                ) from exc
+            if value:
+                log.debug("Secret %r resolved from file %r", name, stripped_path)
+                return value
+
+    raw = os.environ.get(env_name)
+    if raw is not None:
+        stripped = raw.strip()
+        if stripped:
+            log.debug("Secret %r resolved from env var %r", name, env_name)
+            return stripped
+        # Empty env var — treat as absent and fall through.
+
+    if _HAS_KEYRING:
+        try:
+            value = keyring.get_password(SERVICE_NAME, name)
+            if value is not None:
+                return value
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 (Keychain can raise anything)
+            log.warning("Keychain get_secret(%r) failed: %s", name, exc)
+    return None
 
 
 def set_secret(name: str, value: str) -> bool:
@@ -77,3 +146,13 @@ def has_keyring() -> bool:
     """True if the ``keyring`` library is importable (regardless of whether
     the Keychain entry actually exists)."""
     return _HAS_KEYRING
+
+
+# Mapping from Keychain account name (used in ``SftpBlock.auth``) to
+# the operator-facing env var. Keeping this table here means callers
+# don't have to remember the difference between
+# ``sftp.gainwell.password`` (Keychain account) and
+# ``CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD`` (env var).
+_ENV_NAME_FOR: dict[str, str] = {
+    "sftp.gainwell.password": "CYCLONE_SFTP_PASSWORD",
+}

backend/src/cyclone/seed_cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+"""CLI subcommand: ``python -m cyclone seed``.
+
+Populates the local DB with a deterministic batch of sample claims
+plus matching activity events, so the Dashboard / Claims / Activity
+Log pages have something to render in a fresh dev environment.
+
+This is a dev-only convenience — the production DB never sees this
+command (no ``[env: dev]`` gate, but it's never wired into any
+container image). It writes rows with a recognizable batch id prefix
+(``SEED-``) so ``--reset`` can clean them up without touching real
+ingested data.
+
+Why the data shape is hand-rolled here
+--------------------------------------
+
+The ``Claim`` ORM table stores its billing_provider / payer /
+subscriber / service_lines payloads in a ``raw_json`` blob that the
+read path (``store.to_ui_claim_from_orm``) parses back into the UI
+shape. Mirroring the 837 parser's structure keeps the UI rendering
+identical to a real ingestion — wire format parity, not shortcuts.
+
+Activity rows are similar: ``payload_json`` carries the message
+string the Dashboard's activity card shows.
+
+Subcommands
+-----------
+
+``python -m cyclone seed``              — insert the default batch.
+``python -m cyclone seed --count N``    — insert N claims (default 96).
+``python -m cyclone seed --reset``      — wipe previously-seeded rows
+                                          first, then insert a fresh batch.
+``python -m cyclone seed --status``     — print row counts without
+                                          inserting anything.
+
+Exit codes
+----------
+
+* 0 — success (or already seeded and not asked to reset).
+* 1 — DB error during insert.
+* 2 — usage error (bad flag value).
+
+The command is idempotent: re-running without ``--reset`` is a no-op
+once a seed batch exists. This keeps ``cyclone``-driven boot scripts
+safe to re-run.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import random
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+import click
+
+from cyclone.db import ActivityEvent, Batch, Claim, ClaimState, Remittance, SessionLocal
+
+SEED_BATCH_PREFIX = "SEED-"
+SEED_CLAIM_PREFIX = "CLM-S"
+SEED_REMIT_PREFIX = "REM-S"
+SEED_DEFAULT_COUNT = 96
+SEED_ACTIVITY_LIMIT = 28
+
+# Mirror src/data/sampleData.ts on the frontend so the Dashboard looks
+# the same in dev mode as it did with the in-memory fixtures.
+SAMPLE_PROVIDERS = [
+    {
+        "npi": "1730187395",
+        "name": "Cedar Park Family Medicine",
+        "tax_id": "47-3829104",
+        "address": "1401 Medical Pkwy",
+        "city": "Cedar Park",
+        "state": "TX",
+        "zip": "78613",
+        "phone": "(512) 555-0142",
+    },
+    {
+        "npi": "1528471902",
+        "name": "Lakeside Orthopedics",
+        "tax_id": "83-1172654",
+        "address": "900 W Lake Dr",
+        "city": "Austin",
+        "state": "TX",
+        "zip": "78746",
+        "phone": "(512) 555-0188",
+    },
+    {
+        "npi": "1982036471",
+        "name": "Hill Country Pediatrics",
+        "tax_id": "74-5520183",
+        "address": "205 State Hwy 27",
+        "city": "Marble Falls",
+        "state": "TX",
+        "zip": "78654",
+        "phone": "(830) 555-0117",
+    },
+]
+
+SAMPLE_PAYERS = [
+    "Blue Cross Blue Shield",
+    "United Healthcare",
+    "Aetna",
+    "Cigna",
+    "Humana",
+    "Medicare",
+    "Medicaid TX",
+]
+
+SAMPLE_CPTS = ["99213", "99214", "99203", "93000", "85025", "80053", "73721", "20610"]
+
+SAMPLE_FIRST_NAMES = [
+    "Avery", "Jordan", "Riley", "Casey", "Morgan",
+    "Quinn", "Reese", "Sasha", "Drew", "Hayden",
+]
+SAMPLE_LAST_NAMES = [
+    "Nguyen", "Patel", "Garcia", "Cohen", "Okafor",
+    "Martinez", "Hwang", "Brooks", "Singh", "Tanaka",
+]
+
+# Frontend uses "accepted"/"pending" which the backend ClaimState
+# enum doesn't carry. Map them to the closest real states so the
+# Dashboard's filters (e.g. "status === 'submitted' || 'pending'")
+# still find a match for in-flight work.
+STATUS_WEIGHTS: list[tuple[ClaimState, int]] = [
+    (ClaimState.SUBMITTED, 1),
+    (ClaimState.RECEIVED, 1),
+    (ClaimState.DENIED, 1),
+    (ClaimState.PAID, 3),
+    (ClaimState.PAID, 3),
+    (ClaimState.PARTIAL, 1),
+]
+
+DENIAL_REASONS = [
+    "CO-97: Service included in another service",
+    "CO-16: Claim lacks information",
+    "CO-50: Non-covered service",
+    "PR-1: Deductible amount",
+]
+
+
+def _now_utc() -> datetime:
+    return datetime.now(timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)
+
+
+def _pick(rng: random.Random, items):
+    return items[rng.randint(0, len(items) - 1)]
+
+
+def _build_seed_rows(
+    count: int, *, seed: int = 42,
+) -> tuple[Batch, list[Claim], list[ActivityEvent], list[Remittance]]:
+    """Build a deterministic Batch + N Claims + matching activity events.
+
+    PAID and PARTIAL claims get a paired ``Remittance`` row (with a
+    realistic ``total_paid`` derived from the billed amount) so the
+    Dashboard's "Received" KPI lights up; the wire shape mirrors what
+    ``CycloneStore.iter_claims`` expects to find via
+    ``Claim.matched_remittance_id`` → ``Remittance.total_paid``.
+
+    The seed is fixed so re-running produces identical data — keeps
+    screenshots and dev environments stable.
+    """
+    rng = random.Random(seed)
+    now = _now_utc()
+    parsed_at = now - timedelta(minutes=5)
+
+    batch = Batch(
+        id=f"{SEED_BATCH_PREFIX}{now.strftime('%Y%m%d-%H%M%S')}",
+        kind="837",
+        input_filename="seed/sample-837.edi",
+        parsed_at=parsed_at,
+        totals_json={"claim_count": count},
+        validation_json={"errors": [], "warnings": []},
+        raw_result_json={},
+    )
+
+    claims: list[Claim] = []
+    activity: list[ActivityEvent] = []
+    remittances: list[Remittance] = []
+    seq = 10428  # Match the frontend fixture's id range
+
+    for i in range(count):
+        provider = _pick(rng, SAMPLE_PROVIDERS)
+        payer = _pick(rng, SAMPLE_PAYERS)
+        cpt = _pick(rng, SAMPLE_CPTS)
+        first = _pick(rng, SAMPLE_FIRST_NAMES)
+        last = _pick(rng, SAMPLE_LAST_NAMES)
+        state, _ = _pick(rng, STATUS_WEIGHTS)
+
+        days_back = rng.randint(0, 200)
+        submitted = now - timedelta(days=days_back, hours=rng.randint(0, 23))
+
+        billed = 80 + rng.randint(0, 1400)
+        if state == ClaimState.PAID:
+            received = int(billed * (0.6 + rng.random() * 0.4))
+        elif state == ClaimState.PARTIAL:
+            received = int(billed * (0.2 + rng.random() * 0.3))
+        elif state == ClaimState.DENIED:
+            received = 0
+        else:
+            received = 0
+
+        claim_id = f"{SEED_CLAIM_PREFIX}{(seq + i):05d}"
+        denial_reason = _pick(rng, DENIAL_REASONS) if state == ClaimState.DENIED else None
+
+        # Build a paired Remittance for any claim with received > 0. Status
+        # code 1 = "Primary payer forward" — the 835 CAS code that the
+        # remittance mapper turns into "received". Mirror the 835 parser's
+        # raw_json shape (a stripped provider/payer/service_lines block)
+        # so downstream debug views still render something useful.
+        matched_remit_id: str | None = None
+        if received > 0:
+            matched_remit_id = f"{SEED_REMIT_PREFIX}{(seq + i):05d}"
+            remittances.append(Remittance(
+                id=matched_remit_id,
+                batch_id=batch.id,
+                payer_claim_control_number=f"PCN-{(seq + i):05d}",
+                claim_id=claim_id,
+                status_code="1",
+                status_label="Primary payer forward",
+                total_charge=float(billed),
+                total_paid=float(received),
+                adjustment_amount=float(billed - received),
+                received_at=submitted + timedelta(days=rng.randint(2, 14)),
+                raw_json={
+                    "payer": {"name": payer},
+                    "provider": {
+                        "npi": provider["npi"],
+                        "name": provider["name"],
+                    },
+                    "service_lines": [
+                        {
+                            "procedure": {"code": cpt},
+                            "charge_amount": float(billed),
+                            "paid_amount": float(received),
+                        }
+                    ],
+                },
+            ))
+
+        raw_json = {
+            "billing_provider": {
+                "npi": provider["npi"],
+                "name": provider["name"],
+                "tax_id": provider["tax_id"],
+                # 837 parser produces ``address`` as a structured dict so
+                # the claim-detail drawer can render line1/line2/city/state/zip.
+                # A flat string here crashes ``_address_to_ui`` with
+                # ``AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'get'``.
+                "address": {
+                    "line1": provider["address"],
+                    "line2": None,
+                    "city": provider["city"],
+                    "state": provider["state"],
+                    "zip": provider["zip"],
+                },
+                "phone": provider["phone"],
+            },
+            "payer": {"name": payer},
+            "subscriber": {"first_name": first, "last_name": last},
+            "service_lines": [
+                {
+                    "procedure": {"code": cpt},
+                    "charge_amount": float(billed),
+                    "service_date": submitted.date().isoformat(),
+                }
+            ],
+        }
+
+        claims.append(Claim(
+            id=claim_id,
+            batch_id=batch.id,
+            patient_control_number=claim_id.replace(SEED_CLAIM_PREFIX, "PCN-"),
+            service_date_from=submitted.date(),
+            service_date_to=submitted.date(),
+            charge_amount=billed,
+            provider_npi=provider["npi"],
+            payer_id=None,
+            state=state,
+            state_changed_at=submitted,
+            rejection_reason=denial_reason,
+            resubmit_count=0,
+            matched_remittance_id=matched_remit_id,
+            raw_json=raw_json,
+        ))
+
+        # First SEED_ACTIVITY_LIMIT claims get an activity event. Mirrors
+        # the frontend buildActivity() shape (claim_paid / claim_denied /
+        # claim_accepted / claim_submitted) but maps frontend statuses
+        # onto the backend's wire enum.
+        if i < SEED_ACTIVITY_LIMIT:
+            if state == ClaimState.PAID:
+                kind = "claim_paid"
+                verb = "Paid"
+            elif state == ClaimState.DENIED:
+                kind = "claim_denied"
+                verb = "Denied"
+            elif state in (ClaimState.RECEIVED, ClaimState.PARTIAL):
+                kind = "claim_accepted"
+                verb = "Accepted"
+            else:
+                kind = "claim_submitted"
+                verb = "Submitted"
+
+            payload = {
+                "message": f"{verb} {claim_id} · {first} {last}",
+                "npi": provider["npi"],
+                "amount": float(billed),
+            }
+            activity.append(ActivityEvent(
+                ts=submitted,
+                kind=kind,
+                batch_id=batch.id,
+                claim_id=claim_id,
+                remittance_id=None,
+                payload_json=payload,
+            ))
+
+    return batch, claims, activity, remittances
+
+
+def _existing_seed_batch_ids(s) -> list[str]:
+    rows = s.query(Batch.id).filter(Batch.id.like(f"{SEED_BATCH_PREFIX}%")).all()
+    return [r[0] for r in rows]
+
+
+def _delete_seed_rows(s) -> int:
+    """Delete every row that was inserted by the seed.
+
+    The seed writes rows whose ids begin with ``SEED-`` (batches),
+    ``CLM-S`` (claims), or ``REM-S`` (remittances). Activity events
+    are joined to seeded batches when the batch is still around, but
+    we also clean up orphan activity rows (no FK from
+    ``activity_events.claim_id`` to ``claims.id``) by ``claim_id``
+    prefix. Returns the number of batch rows deleted.
+    """
+    # Activity first — its rows reference both claims and batches, so
+    # delete the events tied to seed claims first, then any that were
+    # only tied to a now-orphaned seed batch.
+    activity = s.query(ActivityEvent).filter(
+        ActivityEvent.claim_id.like(f"{SEED_CLAIM_PREFIX}%")
+    ).delete(synchronize_session=False)
+    activity2 = s.query(ActivityEvent).filter(
+        ActivityEvent.batch_id.like(f"{SEED_BATCH_PREFIX}%")
+    ).delete(synchronize_session=False)
+    # Remittances (FK to claims; cascade may not fire without FK pragma,
+    # so we delete them explicitly to clear the symmetric FK first).
+    remits = s.query(Remittance).filter(Remittance.id.like(f"{SEED_REMIT_PREFIX}%")).delete(synchronize_session=False)
+    claims = s.query(Claim).filter(Claim.id.like(f"{SEED_CLAIM_PREFIX}%")).delete(synchronize_session=False)
+    batches = s.query(Batch).filter(Batch.id.like(f"{SEED_BATCH_PREFIX}%")).delete(synchronize_session=False)
+    s.commit()
+    click.echo(f"  Removed {batches} seeded batch(es), {claims} claim(s), "
+               f"{remits} remittance(s), {activity + activity2} activity event(s).")
+    return batches
+
+
+def _insert(
+    batch: Batch,
+    claims: list[Claim],
+    activity: list[ActivityEvent],
+    remittances: list[Remittance],
+) -> None:
+    with SessionLocal()() as s:
+        s.add(batch)
+        s.add_all(claims)
+        s.add_all(activity)
+        s.add_all(remittances)
+        s.commit()
+
+
+def _print_status(s) -> None:
+    from sqlalchemy import func
+    seed_batches = s.query(func.count(Batch.id)).filter(Batch.id.like(f"{SEED_BATCH_PREFIX}%")).scalar() or 0
+    seed_claims = s.query(func.count(Claim.id)).filter(Claim.id.like(f"{SEED_CLAIM_PREFIX}%")).scalar() or 0
+    seed_remits = s.query(func.count(Remittance.id)).filter(Remittance.id.like(f"{SEED_REMIT_PREFIX}%")).scalar() or 0
+    total_claims = s.query(func.count(Claim.id)).scalar() or 0
+    total_remits = s.query(func.count(Remittance.id)).scalar() or 0
+    total_activity = s.query(func.count(ActivityEvent.id)).scalar() or 0
+    click.echo(f"  Seed batches:  {seed_batches}")
+    click.echo(f"  Seed claims:   {seed_claims}")
+    click.echo(f"  Seed remits:   {seed_remits}")
+    click.echo(f"  Total claims:  {total_claims}")
+    click.echo(f"  Total remits:  {total_remits}")
+    click.echo(f"  Total activity: {total_activity}")
+
+
+@click.command("seed")
+@click.option(
+    "--count",
+    default=SEED_DEFAULT_COUNT,
+    show_default=True,
+    type=click.IntRange(min=1, max=10_000),
+    help="Number of claims to insert in the new batch.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--reset",
+    is_flag=True,
+    help="Delete any existing seeded batch (and its claims/activity) before inserting.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--status",
+    "show_status",
+    is_flag=True,
+    help="Print current seeded row counts and exit.",
+)
+def seed_cli(count: int, reset: bool, show_status: bool) -> None:
+    """Populate the local DB with a deterministic batch of sample claims."""
+    with SessionLocal()() as s:
+        if show_status:
+            _print_status(s)
+            return
+
+        existing = _existing_seed_batch_ids(s)
+        if existing and not reset:
+            click.echo(
+                f"Seed already present (batch ids: {', '.join(existing)}). "
+                f"Re-run with --reset to replace, or --status to inspect.",
+                err=True,
+            )
+            sys.exit(0)
+
+        if reset and existing:
+            deleted = _delete_seed_rows(s)
+            click.echo(f"  Removed {deleted} seeded batch(es).")
+
+        try:
+            batch, claims, activity, remittances = _build_seed_rows(count)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            click.echo(f"Failed to build seed rows: {exc}", err=True)
+            sys.exit(1)
+        try:
+            _insert(batch, claims, activity, remittances)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            click.echo(f"Failed to insert seed rows: {exc}", err=True)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        click.echo(f"  Inserted batch {batch.id} with {len(claims)} claims, "
+                   f"{len(remittances)} remittances, {len(activity)} activity events.")
+        _print_status(s)

backend/src/cyclone/store/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,531 @@
+"""SQLAlchemy-backed batch store for parsed X12 files.
+
+The package exposes a single ``CycloneStore`` class and a module-level
+singleton (``store``). All persistence flows through SQLAlchemy
+sessions via ``db.SessionLocal()()`` (the double-paren function-style
+accessor).
+
+This ``__init__.py`` is the facade — it re-exports every public name
+plus the 3 private helpers imported by tests (``_claim_status_from_validation``,
+``_persist_835_remit``, ``_remittance_835_row``) from the sibling modules:
+
+    exceptions      AlreadyMatchedError, NotMatchedError, InvalidStateError
+    records         BatchKind, BatchRecord, BatchRecord837, BatchRecord835
+    orm_builders    ORM row builders + the 3 private-helper re-exports
+    ui              UI serializers (to_ui_*)
+    write           add_record + private event/reconcile helpers
+    batches         Batch reads + _BatchesShim (test-cleanup shim)
+    claim_detail    Single-claim reads + matched-pair drift audit
+    kpis            Dashboard aggregation
+    acks            999 / TA1 / 277CA ACK persistence
+    backups         Backup-pending marker inserts
+    inbox           Manual match/unmatch + lane listing
+    providers       Provider/payer/clearhouse config
+
+The ``CycloneStore`` class below keeps its current method signatures as
+thin delegations for back-compat with existing callers and tests.
+
+Public API (preserved verbatim):
+    CycloneStore, store, BatchRecord, BatchRecord837, BatchRecord835,
+    BatchKind, AlreadyMatchedError, NotMatchedError, InvalidStateError,
+    utcnow, dashboard_kpis, check_matched_pair_drift
+
+Backward-compat shims for tests:
+    ``_lock`` — a threading.RLock used by 7 test files for cleanup.
+    ``_batches.clear()`` — wipes all rows from the DB tables; the
+        ``_BatchesShim`` class lives in ``batches.py``.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import threading
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+
+def utcnow() -> datetime:
+    """tz-aware UTC `datetime` (replaces the old `utcnow_iso` string helper)."""
+    return datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+
+
+from . import write
+from .batches import (
+    _BatchesShim,
+    _row_to_record,
+    all_batches,
+    get_batch,
+    get_record,
+    list_batches,
+    load_two_for_diff,
+)
+from .claim_detail import (
+    check_matched_pair_drift,
+    count_claims,
+    count_remittances,
+    distinct_providers,
+    get_claim_detail,
+    get_remittance,
+    iter_claims,
+    iter_remittances,
+    recent_activity,
+    summarize_remittances,
+)
+from .acks import (
+    add_277ca_ack,
+    add_999_ack,
+    add_ta1_ack,
+    get_277ca_ack,
+    get_ack,
+    get_ta1_ack,
+    list_277ca_acks,
+    list_acks,
+    list_ta1_acks,
+)
+from .claim_acks import (
+    add_claim_ack as _add_claim_ack,
+    batch_envelope_index as _batch_envelope_index,
+    find_ack_orphans as _find_ack_orphans,
+    list_acks_for_claim as _list_acks_for_claim,
+    list_claims_for_ack as _list_claims_for_ack,
+    remove_claim_ack as _remove_claim_ack,
+    _iter_orphan_999_st02s as _iter_orphan_999_st02s,
+)
+from .backups import add_backup_pending
+from .exceptions import AlreadyMatchedError, InvalidStateError, NotMatchedError
+from .inbox import list_unmatched, manual_match, manual_unmatch
+from .kpis import dashboard_kpis
+from .orm_builders import (
+    _claim_status_from_validation,
+    _persist_835_remit,
+    _remittance_835_row,
+)
+from .providers import (
+    ensure_clearhouse_seeded,
+    get_clearhouse,
+    get_payer_config,
+    get_provider,
+    list_payers,
+    list_providers,
+    update_clearhouse,
+    upsert_provider,
+)
+from .records import BatchKind, BatchRecord, BatchRecord837, BatchRecord835
+from .ui import (
+    to_ui_ack,
+    to_ui_claim_ack,
+    to_ui_claim_detail,
+    to_ui_claim_from_orm,
+    to_ui_provider,
+    to_ui_remittance_from_orm,
+    to_ui_remittance_with_adjustments,
+    to_ui_ta1_ack,
+    to_ui_two77ca_ack,
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# UI mappers: ORM rows → simpler UI types.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Backward-compat shim: tests called ``_batches.clear()`` on the in-memory
+# store. The DB-backed store doesn't have an in-memory list, so we expose
+# a tiny shim object whose ``.clear()`` wipes the DB. The class itself
+# lives in ``batches.py`` (imported above as ``_BatchesShim``); the
+# ``CycloneStore.__init__`` below instantiates that imported class.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# CycloneStore: the SQLAlchemy-backed facade.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class CycloneStore:
+    """SQLAlchemy-backed facade over the parsed X12 store.
+
+    Each public method opens a short-lived session via
+    ``db.SessionLocal()()`` so callers don't have to manage session
+    lifecycles. Concurrency is handled by the SQLAlchemy engine; the
+    ``_lock`` attribute is a no-op ``RLock`` retained for backward
+    compatibility with code that wrapped cleanup in a lock context.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._lock = threading.RLock()
+        self._batches = _BatchesShim()
+
+    # -- write path -----------------------------------------------------
+
+    def add(self, record: BatchRecord, *, event_bus=None):
+        """Persist a parsed batch (837P or 835)."""
+        return write.add_record(record, event_bus=event_bus)
+
+    def _publish_events_sync(self, event_bus, record, claim_ids, remit_ids):
+        return write.publish_events_sync(event_bus, record, claim_ids, remit_ids)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _sync_publish(event_bus, kind: str, payload: dict) -> None:
+        return write._sync_publish(event_bus, kind, payload)
+
+    # -- read path ------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def get_batch(self, batch_id: str) -> dict | None:
+        return get_batch(batch_id)
+
+    def get(self, batch_id: str) -> BatchRecord | None:
+        return get_record(batch_id)
+
+    def list(self, *, limit: int = 100) -> list[BatchRecord]:
+        return list_batches(limit=limit)
+
+    def get_remittance(self, remittance_id: str) -> dict | None:
+        return get_remittance(remittance_id)
+
+    def get_claim_detail(self, claim_id: str) -> dict | None:
+        return get_claim_detail(claim_id)
+
+    def all(self) -> list[BatchRecord]:
+        return all_batches()
+
+    def load_two_for_diff(
+        self,
+        a_id: str,
+        b_id: str,
+    ) -> tuple[BatchRecord, BatchRecord]:
+        return load_two_for_diff(a_id, b_id)
+
+    def iter_claims(self, **kwargs):
+        return iter_claims(**kwargs)
+
+    def iter_remittances(self, **kwargs):
+        return iter_remittances(**kwargs)
+
+    # -- count helpers (SP27 Task 13b) ---------------------------------
+    #
+    # The list endpoints (``/api/claims`` and ``/api/remittances``)
+    # previously computed ``total`` by calling ``iter_*`` with default
+    # ``limit=100`` and taking ``len(...)``. With 60k+ claims and 800+
+    # remits in production, the reported total silently capped at 100
+    # even when the UI rendered a "100" KPI tile and a 100-row table —
+    # the page looked complete but the population was 600× larger. These
+    # helpers reuse the iter's filter pipeline with an effectively
+    # unbounded ``limit`` so the count reflects the true DB population,
+    # not a 100-row sample. Mirrors Dashboard's "server-aggregated
+    # counts" fix from commit 59c3275.
+    def count_claims(
+        self,
+        *,
+        batch_id: str | None = None,
+        status: str | None = None,
+        provider_npi: str | None = None,
+        payer: str | None = None,
+        date_from: str | None = None,
+        date_to: str | None = None,
+    ) -> int:
+        """Count claims that would be returned by ``iter_claims``."""
+        return count_claims(
+            batch_id=batch_id, status=status, provider_npi=provider_npi,
+            payer=payer, date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+        )
+
+    def count_remittances(
+        self,
+        *,
+        batch_id: str | None = None,
+        payer: str | None = None,
+        claim_id: str | None = None,
+        date_from: str | None = None,
+        date_to: str | None = None,
+    ) -> int:
+        """Count remittances that would be returned by ``iter_remittances``."""
+        return count_remittances(
+            batch_id=batch_id, payer=payer, claim_id=claim_id,
+            date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+        )
+
+    def summarize_remittances(
+        self,
+        *,
+        batch_id: str | None = None,
+        payer: str | None = None,
+        claim_id: str | None = None,
+        date_from: str | None = None,
+        date_to: str | None = None,
+    ) -> dict:
+        """Return ``{count, total_paid, total_adjustments}`` summed over
+        the remittance population that ``iter_remittances`` would return.
+        """
+        return summarize_remittances(
+            batch_id=batch_id, payer=payer, claim_id=claim_id,
+            date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+        )
+
+    def distinct_providers(self) -> list[dict]:
+        return distinct_providers()
+
+    def recent_activity(self, *, limit: int = 200) -> list[dict]:
+        return recent_activity(limit=limit)
+
+    # -- 999 ACKs (SP3 P3 T13) -------------------------------------------
+
+    def add_ack(self, **kwargs):
+        return add_999_ack(**kwargs)
+
+    def list_acks(self):
+        return list_acks()
+
+    def get_ack(self, ack_id):
+        return get_ack(ack_id)
+
+    # -- TA1 (Interchange Acknowledgment) -------------------------------
+
+    def add_ta1_ack(self, **kwargs):
+        return add_ta1_ack(**kwargs)
+
+    def list_ta1_acks(self):
+        return list_ta1_acks()
+
+    def get_ta1_ack(self, ack_id):
+        return get_ta1_ack(ack_id)
+
+    # -- 277CA (SP10) --------------------------------------------------
+
+    def add_277ca_ack(self, **kwargs):
+        return add_277ca_ack(**kwargs)
+
+    def list_277ca_acks(self):
+        return list_277ca_acks()
+
+    def get_277ca_ack(self, ack_id):
+        return get_277ca_ack(ack_id)
+
+    # -- SP28: claim↔ack auto-link join table --------------------------
+
+    def add_claim_ack(self, **kwargs):
+        """Persist one claim_acks link row.
+
+        Mirrors the publish-from-store contract used by the ACK paths:
+        when ``event_bus`` is passed, the matching ``claim_ack_written``
+        event fires after commit so live-tail subscribers on both the
+        claim and the ack side see the row immediately.
+        """
+        return _add_claim_ack(**kwargs)
+
+    def list_acks_for_claim(self, claim_id):
+        """Return every ClaimAck row for one claim (newest first)."""
+        return _list_acks_for_claim(claim_id)
+
+    def list_claims_for_ack(self, kind, ack_id):
+        """Return every ClaimAck row for one ack."""
+        return _list_claims_for_ack(kind, ack_id)
+
+    def find_ack_orphans(self, kind):
+        """Return acks with no resolvable link (Inbox ack-orphans lane)."""
+        return _find_ack_orphans(kind)
+
+    def find_ack_orphan_st02_summary(self):
+        """Return per-ST02 summary of orphan 999 acks (sp38).
+
+        Output is a list of dicts, sorted by ``ack_count DESC`` so
+        the heaviest orphan ST02s surface first in CLI output:
+
+          ``{"st02": str, "ack_count": int, "has_batch": bool,
+             "batch_id": str | None}``
+
+        ``has_batch`` is True if a row exists in ``batches`` with
+        ``transaction_set_control_number == st02``. ``batch_id`` is
+        that row's ``id`` (or ``None``).
+
+        999-only. 277ca / ta1 orphans are tracked separately; their
+        "ST02" semantics differ (it's the interchange control number,
+        not the source 837's ST02) and aggregating them with 999
+        ST02s would conflate unrelated identifiers.
+
+        Used by the ``cyclone ack-orphans status`` and ``reconcile``
+        CLI subcommands (sp38). Sibling to ``find_ack_orphans(kind)``
+        which returns one row per orphan ack; the summary is the
+        aggregated form.
+        """
+        from cyclone import db
+        from cyclone.db import Batch
+
+        # (st02, ack_count) from the 999-orphan walk.
+        counts = dict(_iter_orphan_999_st02s())
+
+        if not counts:
+            return []
+
+        # Map ST02 -> existing batch row (if any). One query.
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            existing = {
+                row.transaction_set_control_number: row.id
+                for row in s.query(Batch)
+                .filter(Batch.transaction_set_control_number.in_(counts.keys()))
+                .all()
+            }
+
+        out = []
+        for st02, ack_count in counts.items():
+            batch_id = existing.get(st02)
+            out.append({
+                "st02": st02,
+                "ack_count": ack_count,
+                "has_batch": batch_id is not None,
+                "batch_id": batch_id,
+            })
+        # Heaviest first; tie-break by st02 ascending for determinism.
+        out.sort(key=lambda r: (-r["ack_count"], r["st02"]))
+        return out
+
+    def reconcile_orphan_st02s(self, *, dry_run: bool = False) -> dict:
+        """One-shot synthetic-batch seeder for orphan ST02s (sp38).
+
+        Inserts a ``batches`` row for every orphan ST02 that does
+        NOT already have one. The synthetic row is marked with:
+
+          * ``kind = '837p'``
+          * ``input_filename = '<synthetic:orphan-reconcile>'``
+          * ``totals_json = {"orphan_reconcile": true,
+                              "ack_count": <orphan count>}``
+          * ``validation_json = {"orphan_reconcile": true,
+                                 "note": "sp38 synthetic batch row;
+                                 source 837 was never ingested into
+                                 this DB snapshot"}``
+          * ``id = uuid4().hex`` (no claim rows, no claim_acks links)
+
+        The sentinel ``<synthetic:orphan-reconcile>`` makes these
+        rows trivially distinguishable in queries — grep for that
+        string to find every row this method has created.
+
+        Future 999 acks referencing these ST02s will resolve
+        against the batch envelope index (so the operator can see
+        "this 999 is for a known orphan source") but will not link
+        to claims (because no claim rows exist for the synthetic
+        batch).
+
+        Args:
+            dry_run: If True, returns the plan but does not insert
+                any rows. Used by the CLI ``--dry-run`` flag so
+                operators can preview the reconcile.
+
+        Returns:
+            ``{"created": int, "skipped": int,
+               "synthetic_batch_ids": list[str]}``. ``created`` is
+            the count of rows inserted (or that WOULD be inserted
+            under dry_run). ``skipped`` is the count of orphan ST02s
+            that already had a batches row.
+
+        Idempotent: re-running after a successful pass is a no-op.
+        """
+        import json
+        import uuid
+        from cyclone import db
+        from cyclone.db import Batch
+
+        summary = self.find_ack_orphan_st02_summary()
+        if not summary:
+            return {"created": 0, "skipped": 0, "synthetic_batch_ids": []}
+
+        created = 0
+        skipped = 0
+        synthetic_ids: list[str] = []
+
+        if dry_run:
+            for row in summary:
+                if row["has_batch"]:
+                    skipped += 1
+                else:
+                    created += 1  # would-create count
+            return {"created": created, "skipped": skipped, "synthetic_batch_ids": []}
+
+        from datetime import datetime, timezone
+        now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            for row in summary:
+                if row["has_batch"]:
+                    skipped += 1
+                    continue
+                new_id = uuid.uuid4().hex
+                s.add(Batch(
+                    id=new_id,
+                    kind="837p",
+                    input_filename="<synthetic:orphan-reconcile>",
+                    parsed_at=now,
+                    transaction_set_control_number=row["st02"],
+                    totals_json=json.dumps({
+                        "orphan_reconcile": True,
+                        "ack_count": row["ack_count"],
+                    }),
+                    validation_json=json.dumps({
+                        "orphan_reconcile": True,
+                        "note": (
+                            "sp38 synthetic batch row; source 837 was "
+                            "never ingested into this DB snapshot"
+                        ),
+                    }),
+                ))
+                synthetic_ids.append(new_id)
+                created += 1
+            s.commit()
+
+        return {"created": created, "skipped": skipped, "synthetic_batch_ids": synthetic_ids}
+
+    def remove_claim_ack(self, link_id, *, event_bus=None):
+        """Unlink one row. Publishes ``claim_ack_dropped`` on the bus."""
+        return _remove_claim_ack(link_id, event_bus=event_bus)
+
+    def batch_envelope_index(self):
+        """Return a {key: batch.id} map populated from two columns (D10 Pass 1).
+
+        Each 837p batch contributes both ``Batch.raw_result_json.envelope.control_number``
+        (ISA13) and ``Batch.transaction_set_control_number`` (ST02); 835 batches
+        are excluded. Single ``.get(set_control_number)`` lookup resolves
+        either key — SP37 closes the 999 AK201 → source-batch gap.
+        """
+        return _batch_envelope_index()
+
+    # -- SP17: encrypted DB backups -------------------------------------
+
+    def add_backup_pending(self, *, filename: str, backup_dir: str):
+        return add_backup_pending(filename=filename, backup_dir=backup_dir)
+
+    # -- manual reconciliation (T12) -----------------------------------
+
+    def list_unmatched(self, *, kind="both"):
+        return list_unmatched(kind=kind)
+
+    def manual_match(self, claim_id, remit_id):
+        return manual_match(claim_id, remit_id)
+
+    def manual_unmatch(self, claim_id):
+        return manual_unmatch(claim_id)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # SP9: providers / payers / payer_configs / clearhouse
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def list_providers(self, *, is_active=True):
+        return list_providers(is_active=is_active)
+
+    def get_provider(self, npi):
+        return get_provider(npi)
+
+    def upsert_provider(self, provider):
+        return upsert_provider(provider)
+
+    def list_payers(self, *, is_active=True):
+        return list_payers(is_active=is_active)
+
+    def get_payer_config(self, payer_id, transaction_type):
+        return get_payer_config(payer_id, transaction_type)
+
+    def get_clearhouse(self):
+        return get_clearhouse()
+
+    def update_clearhouse(self, block):
+        return update_clearhouse(block)
+
+    def ensure_clearhouse_seeded(self):
+        return ensure_clearhouse_seeded()
+
+
+# Module-level singleton — same import path the old InMemoryStore used.
+store = CycloneStore()

backend/src/cyclone/store/acks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+"""ACK persistence — 999 / TA1 / 277CA acknowledgements.
+
+Each ACK type has its own ORM row (Ack / Ta1Ack / Two77caAck). The
+write methods are simple inserts; the list/get methods are simple
+queries. Fail-soft: persistence errors are logged but do not block
+parsing.
+
+SP25: every write path publishes one event on the EventBus so the
+Acks page live-tail can subscribe — mirrors the existing
+``claim_written`` / ``remittance_written`` / ``activity_recorded``
+publish pattern (see ``cyclone.store.write``). Publish is best-effort:
+a failing subscriber MUST NOT roll back the persisted row.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from datetime import date
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import Ack
+
+from . import utcnow
+from .ui import to_ui_ack, to_ui_ta1_ack, to_ui_two77ca_ack
+from .write import _sync_publish
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _safe_publish(event_bus: "EventBus | None", kind: str, payload: dict) -> None:
+    """Best-effort publish wrapped in try/except.
+
+    Mirrors ``CycloneStore._publish_events_sync`` — never raises, never
+    rolls back the persisted row. Falls back to skipping silently when
+    the bus doesn't implement the private ``_sync_publish`` interface
+    (e.g. test stubs).
+    """
+    if event_bus is None:
+        return
+    try:
+        _sync_publish(event_bus, kind, payload)
+    except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.exception("acks store: %s publish failed", kind)
+
+
+# -- 999 ACKs (SP3 P3 T13) -------------------------------------------
+
+def add_999_ack(
+    *,
+    source_batch_id: str,
+    accepted_count: int,
+    rejected_count: int,
+    received_count: int,
+    ack_code: str,
+    raw_json: dict,
+    event_bus: "EventBus | None" = None,
+) -> db.Ack:
+    """Persist a 999 ACK row and return it.
+
+    ``source_batch_id`` must reference an existing ``batches.id``.
+    For received 999s with no source batch the caller should pass a
+    synthetic id (e.g. ``"999-<interchange_control_number>"``) —
+    see ``/api/parse-999`` for that policy.
+
+    ``raw_json`` is the full ``ParseResult999`` model dump; the
+    detail endpoint surfaces it without re-parsing the original
+    X12 text.
+
+    SP25: when ``event_bus`` is provided, publishes one
+    ``ack_received`` event (with the full ``to_ui_ack`` row shape)
+    after the row commits so the Acks page live-tail sees new 999s
+    the moment they land.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = Ack(
+            source_batch_id=source_batch_id,
+            accepted_count=accepted_count,
+            rejected_count=rejected_count,
+            received_count=received_count,
+            ack_code=ack_code,
+            parsed_at=utcnow(),
+            raw_json=raw_json,
+        )
+        s.add(row)
+        s.commit()
+        s.refresh(row)
+        row_id = row.id
+
+    if event_bus is not None:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            payload = to_ui_ack(s.get(Ack, row_id))
+        _safe_publish(event_bus, "ack_received", payload)
+
+    return row
+
+def list_acks() -> list[db.Ack]:
+    """Return every 999 ACK row, newest first (auto-increment id desc)."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return (
+            s.query(Ack)
+            .order_by(Ack.id.desc())
+            .all()
+        )
+
+def get_ack( ack_id: int) -> db.Ack | None:
+    """Return a single ACK row by id, or ``None`` if not found."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return s.get(Ack, ack_id)
+
+# -- TA1 (Interchange Acknowledgment) -------------------------------
+
+def add_ta1_ack(
+    *,
+    source_batch_id: str,
+    control_number: str,
+    interchange_date: date | None,
+    interchange_time: str | None,
+    ack_code: str,
+    note_code: str | None,
+    ack_generated_date: date | None,
+    sender_id: str,
+    receiver_id: str,
+    raw_json: dict,
+    event_bus: "EventBus | None" = None,
+) -> db.Ta1Ack:
+    """Persist a TA1 (Interchange Acknowledgment) row and return it.
+
+    Mirrors :meth:`add_999_ack` for the lower-level envelope ack. The
+    flat columns are promoted out of ``raw_json`` so the list
+    endpoint can sort/filter without a JSON parse; the full
+    ``ParseResultTa1`` stays in ``raw_json`` for the detail endpoint.
+
+    SP25: when ``event_bus`` is provided, publishes one
+    ``ta1_ack_received`` event after the row commits.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = db.Ta1Ack(
+            source_batch_id=source_batch_id,
+            control_number=control_number,
+            interchange_date=interchange_date,
+            interchange_time=interchange_time,
+            ack_code=ack_code,
+            note_code=note_code,
+            ack_generated_date=ack_generated_date,
+            sender_id=sender_id,
+            receiver_id=receiver_id,
+            parsed_at=utcnow(),
+            raw_json=raw_json,
+        )
+        s.add(row)
+        s.commit()
+        s.refresh(row)
+        row_id = row.id
+
+    if event_bus is not None:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            payload = to_ui_ta1_ack(s.get(db.Ta1Ack, row_id))
+        _safe_publish(event_bus, "ta1_ack_received", payload)
+
+    return row
+
+def list_ta1_acks() -> list[db.Ta1Ack]:
+    """Return every TA1 ACK row, newest first (auto-increment id desc).
+
+    Mirrors :meth:`list_acks` — the API endpoint slices to its own
+    ``limit`` so the ``total`` field reflects the full row count.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return (
+            s.query(db.Ta1Ack)
+            .order_by(db.Ta1Ack.id.desc())
+            .all()
+        )
+
+def get_ta1_ack( ack_id: int) -> db.Ta1Ack | None:
+    """Return a single TA1 ACK row by id, or ``None`` if not found."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return s.get(db.Ta1Ack, ack_id)
+
+# -- 277CA (SP10) --------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_277ca_ack(
+    *,
+    source_batch_id: str,
+    control_number: str,
+    accepted_count: int,
+    rejected_count: int,
+    paid_count: int,
+    pended_count: int,
+    raw_json: dict,
+    event_bus: "EventBus | None" = None,
+) -> db.Two77caAck:
+    """Persist a 277CA (Claim Acknowledgment) row and return it.
+
+    Mirrors :meth:`add_999_ack` but for the claim-level ack. The
+    per-claim status detail stays in ``raw_json``; only the four
+    counts are promoted so the list endpoint stays fast.
+
+    SP25: when ``event_bus`` is provided, publishes one
+    ``two77ca_ack_received`` event after the row commits.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = db.Two77caAck(
+            source_batch_id=source_batch_id,
+            control_number=control_number,
+            accepted_count=accepted_count,
+            rejected_count=rejected_count,
+            paid_count=paid_count,
+            pended_count=pended_count,
+            parsed_at=utcnow(),
+            raw_json=raw_json,
+        )
+        s.add(row)
+        s.commit()
+        s.refresh(row)
+        row_id = row.id
+
+    if event_bus is not None:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            payload = to_ui_two77ca_ack(s.get(db.Two77caAck, row_id))
+        _safe_publish(event_bus, "two77ca_ack_received", payload)
+
+    return row
+
+def list_277ca_acks() -> list[db.Two77caAck]:
+    """Return every 277CA ACK row, newest first (auto-increment id desc)."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return (
+            s.query(db.Two77caAck)
+            .order_by(db.Two77caAck.id.desc())
+            .all()
+        )
+
+def get_277ca_ack( ack_id: int) -> db.Two77caAck | None:
+    """Return a single 277CA ACK row by id, or ``None`` if not found."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return s.get(db.Two77caAck, ack_id)
+

backend/src/cyclone/store/backfill.py

@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+"""SP32 Task 6: backfill rendering/service-provider NPIs from on-disk files.
+
+The T4 writers populate ``Claim.rendering_provider_npi`` (from NM1*82 in
+837P Loop 2420A) and ``Remittance.rendering_provider_npi`` (from the
+NM1*1P service-provider segment in 835 Loop 2100). Rows ingested before
+T4 was wired (or ingested via a path that bypasses the writer — e.g. an
+ad-hoc ``store.add`` from a notebook) still have a NULL column.
+
+This module re-parses on-disk X12 files and patches up those columns on
+matching rows. It is **idempotent**: rows whose
+``rendering_provider_npi`` is already non-NULL are left untouched, and
+re-running the same file twice is a clean no-op.
+
+Public surface
+--------------
+
+* :func:`backfill_rendering_provider_npi` — entry point used by the CLI.
+* :class:`BackfillSummary` — counts dataclass echoed back as a one-line
+  summary by the CLI.
+
+Reconcile is run once at the end so the new typed NPI arm (T5) can fire
+retroactively across the open claim/remit pairs the backfill touched.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Iterable
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_835 import parse as parse_835
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_837 import parse as parse_837
+from cyclone.parsers.payer import PayerConfig, PayerConfig835
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 837P fixture uses NM1*82 → rendering_provider_npi.
+# 835   fixture uses NM1*1P → service_provider_npi (mapped onto the same
+#        Remittance.rendering_provider_npi column by T4 _remittance_835_row).
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BackfillSummary:
+    """Counts emitted by ``backfill_rendering_provider_npi``.
+
+    The CLI echoes a one-line summary (`claims_updated=N remits_updated=N
+    …`) at the end of the run.
+    """
+
+    claims_updated: int = 0
+    remits_updated: int = 0
+    files_processed: int = 0
+    files_skipped: int = 0
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Parser wrappers — keep exceptions local so one bad file can't abort
+# the whole backfill run.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _parse_837_file(path: Path) -> tuple[list, Path | None]:
+    """Re-parse a single 837P file. Returns ``(claims, broken_alias)``.
+
+    On success, ``claims`` is the list of parsed ``ClaimOutput`` rows
+    and ``broken_alias`` is None. On any failure, ``claims`` is empty
+    and ``broken_alias`` is the same ``path`` so the caller can log
+    which file was skipped.
+    """
+    try:
+        text = path.read_text()
+    except OSError as exc:
+        log.warning("backfill: cannot read %s: %s", path, exc)
+        return [], path
+    try:
+        result = parse_837(text, PayerConfig.co_medicaid(), input_file=str(path))
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 — failure isolated per-file
+        log.warning("backfill: 837 parse failed for %s: %s", path, exc)
+        return [], path
+    return list(result.claims), None
+
+
+def _parse_835_file(path: Path) -> tuple[list, Path | None]:
+    """Re-parse a single 835 file. Returns ``(claims, broken_alias)``.
+
+    ``claims`` is the list of parsed ``ClaimPayment`` rows.
+    """
+    try:
+        text = path.read_text()
+    except OSError as exc:
+        log.warning("backfill: cannot read %s: %s", path, exc)
+        return [], path
+    try:
+        result = parse_835(text, PayerConfig835.co_medicaid_835(), input_file=str(path))
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("backfill: 835 parse failed for %s: %s", path, exc)
+        return [], path
+    return list(result.claims), None
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# DB-patching helpers — keep the per-row update logic in one place.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _patch_claim_rendering_npi(parsed_claims: list) -> int:
+    """Update ``Claim.rendering_provider_npi`` for any parsed 837 claim.
+
+    Only rows whose column is currently NULL are touched. Returns the
+    count of rows updated.
+    """
+    from cyclone.db import Claim, SessionLocal
+
+    updated = 0
+    with SessionLocal()() as session:
+        for parsed in parsed_claims:
+            npi = getattr(parsed, "rendering_provider_npi", None)
+            if not npi:
+                continue
+            row = session.get(Claim, parsed.claim_id)
+            if row is None:
+                continue
+            if row.rendering_provider_npi is not None:
+                # Already populated (e.g. by a prior backfill run, or by
+                # the T4 writer if the claim was ingested afterwards).
+                continue
+            row.rendering_provider_npi = npi
+            updated += 1
+        if updated:
+            session.commit()
+    return updated
+
+
+def _patch_remit_rendering_npi(parsed_claims: list) -> int:
+    """Update ``Remittance.rendering_provider_npi`` for any parsed 835 claim.
+
+    The 835 NM1*1P segment maps onto ``ClaimPayment.service_provider_npi``
+    (which the T4 writer copies into ``Remittance.rendering_provider_npi``).
+    We match on ``payer_claim_control_number``; only NULL columns are
+    touched. Returns the count of rows updated.
+    """
+    from cyclone.db import Remittance, SessionLocal
+
+    updated = 0
+    with SessionLocal()() as session:
+        for parsed in parsed_claims:
+            npi = getattr(parsed, "service_provider_npi", None)
+            if not npi:
+                continue
+            target_pcn = getattr(parsed, "payer_claim_control_number", None)
+            if not target_pcn:
+                continue
+            row = session.execute(
+                select(Remittance).where(
+                    Remittance.payer_claim_control_number == target_pcn,
+                    Remittance.rendering_provider_npi.is_(None),
+                )
+            ).scalars().first()
+            if row is None:
+                continue
+            row.rendering_provider_npi = npi
+            updated += 1
+        if updated:
+            session.commit()
+    return updated
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Reconcile pass — run once across every 835 batch so the T5 scoring arm
+# can fire retroactively on pairs the backfill touched.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _run_reconcile_sweep() -> int:
+    """Run :func:`cyclone.reconcile.run` over every 835 batch. Returns count.
+
+    Failures are isolated per-batch so one bad batch can't abort the
+    sweep — the goal is "best-effort retroactive reconcile".
+    """
+    from sqlalchemy import select as _select
+
+    from cyclone import reconcile as _reconcile
+    from cyclone.db import Batch, SessionLocal
+
+    completed = 0
+    with SessionLocal()() as session:
+        batch_ids = [
+            row[0] for row in session.execute(
+                _select(Batch.id).where(Batch.kind == "835")
+            ).all()
+        ]
+    # Each batch gets its own session — ``reconcile.run`` does not commit,
+    # so an exception in one batch must not orphan a half-flushed
+    # transaction.
+    for bid in batch_ids:
+        try:
+            with SessionLocal()() as s:
+                _reconcile.run(s, bid)
+                s.commit()
+            completed += 1
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.warning("backfill: reconcile failed for batch %s: %s", bid, exc)
+    return completed
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Public entry point.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# Supported ``--type`` flag values; also ``None`` means auto-detect.
+TransactionType = str | None
+
+
+def backfill_rendering_provider_npi(
+    *,
+    files: Iterable[Path] | None = None,
+    input_dir: Path | None = None,
+    transaction_type: TransactionType = None,
+) -> BackfillSummary:
+    """Re-parse on-disk 837p + 835 files and populate the typed NPI columns.
+
+    Args:
+        files: explicit list of file paths to re-parse.
+        input_dir: directory to scan for ``*.txt`` / ``*.edi`` files.
+            Files are scanned one level deep.
+        transaction_type: ``"837p"`` or ``"835"``. ``None`` auto-detects
+            by attempting the 837p parser first and falling back to
+            the 835 parser.
+
+    Returns:
+        :class:`BackfillSummary` with populated counts.
+
+    Idempotent: only writes columns that are currently NULL; re-running
+    on the same files is a clean no-op. After patching, runs
+    :func:`cyclone.reconcile.run` over every 835 batch so the T5
+    scoring arm can re-fire on the touched pairs.
+    """
+    summary = BackfillSummary()
+
+    # 1. Resolve the candidate file set.
+    candidates: list[Path] = []
+    if files:
+        candidates.extend(Path(f) for f in files)
+    if input_dir is not None:
+        for ext in ("*.txt", "*.edi", "*.835", "*.837", "*.x12"):
+            candidates.extend(input_dir.glob(ext))
+    candidates = [p for p in candidates if p.is_file()]
+
+    # 2. Re-parse each file and patch matching rows.
+    for path in candidates:
+        kind = transaction_type or _sniff_kind(path)
+        if kind == "837p":
+            parsed_claims, broken = _parse_837_file(path)
+            if broken is not None:
+                summary.files_skipped += 1
+                continue
+            summary.files_processed += 1
+            summary.claims_updated += _patch_claim_rendering_npi(parsed_claims)
+        elif kind == "835":
+            parsed_claims, broken = _parse_835_file(path)
+            if broken is not None:
+                summary.files_skipped += 1
+                continue
+            summary.files_processed += 1
+            summary.remits_updated += _patch_remit_rendering_npi(parsed_claims)
+        else:
+            # Auto-detect tried both parsers and both failed → skip.
+            summary.files_skipped += 1
+
+    # 3. Reconcile sweep — let the T5 NPI arm fire retroactively.
+    if summary.claims_updated or summary.remits_updated:
+        try:
+            _run_reconcile_sweep()
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001 — sweep is best-effort
+            log.exception("backfill: reconcile sweep failed")
+
+    return summary
+
+
+def _sniff_kind(path: Path) -> TransactionType:
+    """Best-effort transaction-type sniff (content + filename).
+
+    Returns ``"837p"``, ``"835"``, or ``None`` if both parsers fail.
+    Used only when the caller didn't pin ``transaction_type`` explicitly
+    via the CLI.
+    """
+    try:
+        text = path.read_text()
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+    # Cheap filename hint.
+    name = path.name.lower()
+    if name.endswith(".835") or "835" in name:
+        return _try_both(path, text, prefer="835")
+    if name.endswith(".837") or "837" in name or "837p" in name:
+        return _try_both(path, text, prefer="837p")
+    # Content: ISA + ST. 837 starts with "ST*837", 835 starts with "ST*835".
+    if "ST*837*" in text:
+        return "837p"
+    if "ST*835*" in text:
+        return "835"
+    # Fallback: try 837p parser, then 835.
+    return _try_both(path, text, prefer="837p")
+
+
+def _try_both(path: Path, text: str, *, prefer: str) -> TransactionType:
+    """Try the preferred parser first, then the other; return first winner."""
+    if prefer == "837p":
+        try:
+            parse_837(text, PayerConfig.co_medicaid(), input_file=str(path))
+            return "837p"
+        except Exception:
+            try:
+                parse_835(text, PayerConfig835.co_medicaid_835(), input_file=str(path))
+                return "835"
+            except Exception:
+                return None
+    try:
+        parse_835(text, PayerConfig835.co_medicaid_835(), input_file=str(path))
+        return "835"
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            parse_837(text, PayerConfig.co_medicaid(), input_file=str(path))
+            return "837p"
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "BackfillSummary",
+    "backfill_rendering_provider_npi",
+]

backend/src/cyclone/store/backups.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""Backup-pending marker inserts — SP17 encrypted DB backups.
+
+``add_backup_pending()`` inserts a ``pending`` row for a backup that is
+about to start; the BackupService updates ``status`` / ``size_bytes``
+/ ``db_fingerprint`` / ``table_count`` / ``completed_at`` after the
+encrypted blob lands on disk.
+"""
+
+from cyclone import db
+
+from . import utcnow
+
+
+# -- SP17: encrypted DB backups -------------------------------------
+
+def add_backup_pending(*, filename: str, backup_dir: str) -> db.DbBackup:
+    """Insert a ``pending`` row for a backup that is about to start.
+
+    The BackupService fills in ``status`` / ``size_bytes`` /
+    ``db_fingerprint`` / ``table_count`` / ``completed_at`` after
+    the encrypted blob lands on disk.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = db.DbBackup(
+            filename=filename,
+            backup_dir=backup_dir,
+            size_bytes=0,
+            db_fingerprint=None,
+            table_count=0,
+            created_at=utcnow(),
+            completed_at=None,
+            status="pending",
+            error_message=None,
+        )
+        s.add(row)
+        s.commit()
+        s.refresh(row)
+        return row
+

backend/src/cyclone/store/batches.py

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+"""Batch read APIs and the legacy _BatchesShim.
+
+The ``_BatchesShim`` class is retained for back-compat with the
+``with store._lock: store._batches.clear()`` test-cleanup idiom used
+in 7 test files. Its ``clear()`` method wipes all rows from the DB
+tables so tests that depended on a fresh in-memory list per-test get
+a fresh DB state per-test.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import timezone
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import (
+    ActivityEvent,
+    Batch,
+    CasAdjustment,
+    Claim,
+    Match,
+    Remittance,
+)
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ParseResult
+from cyclone.parsers.models_835 import ParseResult835
+
+from .records import BatchRecord, BatchRecord837, BatchRecord835
+
+
+class _BatchesShim:
+    """Drop-in replacement for the old in-memory ``_batches`` list.
+
+    ``clear()`` removes every row from the DB tables in FK-safe order.
+    Other list operations are not implemented because the only call site
+    is the ``clear()`` inside the test fixtures (``test_api_gets.py`` and
+    ``test_api_parse_persists.py``).
+    """
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            s.query(ActivityEvent).delete()
+            s.query(Match).delete()
+            s.query(CasAdjustment).delete()
+            s.query(Remittance).delete()
+            s.query(Claim).delete()
+            s.query(Batch).delete()
+            s.commit()
+
+
+def _row_to_record(row: Batch) -> BatchRecord:
+    """Rehydrate a ``BatchRecord`` (837 or 835) from a Batch ORM row.
+
+    The full ``ParseResult`` / ``ParseResult835`` lives in
+    ``raw_result_json`` (stashed at insert time). Re-parsing JSON
+    here means callers get the same typed Pydantic object the old
+    in-memory store handed out, so api.py and tests that do
+    ``rec.result.claims`` keep working unchanged.
+
+    SQLite drops tz info on round-trip even though the column type
+    is ``DateTime(timezone=True)``. We re-attach UTC so the
+    ``BatchRecord`` validator (``parsed_at must be tz-aware``)
+    passes.
+    """
+    if row.kind == "835":
+        result_cls = ParseResult835
+    else:
+        result_cls = ParseResult
+    payload = row.raw_result_json or {}
+    result = result_cls.model_validate(payload)
+    parsed_at = row.parsed_at
+    if parsed_at is not None and parsed_at.tzinfo is None:
+        parsed_at = parsed_at.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    record_cls = BatchRecord835 if row.kind == "835" else BatchRecord837
+    return record_cls(
+        id=row.id,
+        kind=row.kind,
+        input_filename=row.input_filename,
+        parsed_at=parsed_at,
+        result=result,
+    )
+
+
+def get_batch(batch_id: str) -> dict | None:
+    """Return a summary dict for ``batch_id`` or ``None`` if missing.
+
+    The dict shape matches what ``/api/batches/{id}`` callers need:
+    ``id``, ``kind``, ``input_filename``, ``parsed_at``, and the
+    full ``result`` (raw_result_json) as a dict.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(Batch, batch_id)
+        if row is None:
+            return None
+        return {
+            "id": row.id,
+            "kind": row.kind,
+            "input_filename": row.input_filename,
+            "parsed_at": row.parsed_at,
+            "result": row.raw_result_json,
+        }
+
+
+def get_record(batch_id: str) -> BatchRecord | None:
+    """Return the ``BatchRecord`` for ``batch_id`` or ``None``.
+
+    Preserves the in-memory store contract: callers get a Pydantic
+    ``BatchRecord`` (subclass ``BatchRecord837`` / ``BatchRecord835``)
+    with ``.id``, ``.kind``, ``.input_filename``, ``.parsed_at``,
+    and ``.result`` (typed ``ParseResult`` / ``ParseResult835``).
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(Batch, batch_id)
+        if row is None:
+            return None
+        return _row_to_record(row)
+
+
+def list_batches(*, limit: int = 100) -> list[BatchRecord]:
+    """Return up to ``limit`` ``BatchRecord``s, newest first."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        rows = (
+            s.query(Batch)
+            .order_by(Batch.parsed_at.desc())
+            .limit(limit)
+            .all()
+        )
+        return [_row_to_record(r) for r in rows]
+
+
+def all_batches() -> list[BatchRecord]:
+    """Return every ``BatchRecord``, oldest first (no pagination)."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        rows = s.query(Batch).order_by(Batch.parsed_at.asc()).all()
+        return [_row_to_record(r) for r in rows]
+
+
+def load_two_for_diff(a_id: str, b_id: str) -> tuple[BatchRecord, BatchRecord]:
+    """Load two batches by id for the side-by-side diff view.
+
+    Returns ``(a, b)`` as ``BatchRecord`` objects. Raises
+    :class:`LookupError` when either id is missing — the API layer
+    catches it and maps it to ``404 Not Found`` (matching the
+    ``GET /api/batches/{id}`` contract). The two loads happen in
+    independent sessions so a transient failure on one side can't
+    poison the other.
+
+    Used exclusively by :mod:`cyclone.batch_diff` via the
+    ``/api/batch-diff`` endpoint.
+    """
+    a = get_record(a_id)
+    if a is None:
+        raise LookupError(f"batch {a_id} not found")
+    b = get_record(b_id)
+    if b is None:
+        raise LookupError(f"batch {b_id} not found")
+    return a, b

backend/src/cyclone/store/claim_acks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
+"""SP28: claim_acks persistence + batch envelope index (D10).
+
+Five methods on top of the new ``ClaimAck`` ORM table:
+
+* ``add_claim_ack`` — insert one link row (manual or auto) and
+  publish ``claim_ack_written`` on the bus.
+* ``list_acks_for_claim`` — every link row for one claim (per-claim
+  only; TA1 batch-level rows are filtered out by the API layer).
+* ``list_claims_for_ack`` — every link row for one ack.
+* ``find_ack_orphans`` — acks with no resolvable claim (Inbox
+  ack-orphans lane).
+* ``remove_claim_ack`` — unlink. Publishes ``claim_ack_dropped``.
+* ``batch_envelope_index`` — D10 in-memory map of
+  ``{Batch.raw_result_json.envelope.control_number (ISA13) OR
+  Batch.transaction_set_control_number (ST02)} → batch.id``
+  (SP37: populated from two columns; cheap to rebuild, re-built
+  once per ingest).
+
+Each mutating method opens its own ``db.SessionLocal()()`` session
+so callers don't have to manage session lifecycles. Publishes are
+best-effort (wrapped in :func:`_safe_publish`) so a failing bus
+subscriber cannot roll back the persisted row.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterator
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import (
+    Ack,
+    Batch,
+    Claim,
+    ClaimAck,
+    Ta1Ack,
+    Two77caAck,
+)
+
+from . import utcnow
+from .ui import to_ui_claim_ack
+from .write import _sync_publish
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _safe_publish(event_bus: "EventBus | None", kind: str, payload: dict) -> None:
+    """Best-effort publish wrapped in try/except.
+
+    Mirrors ``cyclone.store.acks._safe_publish`` — never raises,
+    never rolls back the persisted row.
+    """
+    if event_bus is None:
+        return
+    try:
+        _sync_publish(event_bus, kind, payload)
+    except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.exception("claim_acks store: %s publish failed", kind)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# D10 batch envelope index
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def batch_envelope_index() -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Build a ``{key: batch.id}`` map populated from two columns.
+
+    D10 primary join key (spec §D10). Each 837p batch row contributes
+    up to two entries:
+
+    * ``Batch.raw_result_json.envelope.control_number`` (ISA13)
+    * ``Batch.transaction_set_control_number`` (ST02, new in SP37)
+
+    Either key resolves to the same ``batch.id``; callers do a single
+    ``idx.get(set_control_number)`` lookup. Pass 2 (PCN) is unchanged.
+
+    Built once per ingest from every Batch row whose kind is "837p";
+    cost is O(N batches), currently small, so trivial. 835 batches
+    are excluded — the column is an 837P-specific join key (see
+    ``Batch.transaction_set_control_number`` docstring).
+    """
+    idx: dict[str, str] = {}
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        rows = (
+            s.query(
+                Batch.id,
+                Batch.raw_result_json,
+                Batch.transaction_set_control_number,
+            )
+            .filter(Batch.kind == "837p")
+            .all()
+        )
+        for bid, raw, stcn in rows:
+            env = (raw or {}).get("envelope") or {}
+            isa_cn = env.get("control_number")
+            if isinstance(isa_cn, str) and isa_cn:
+                # First write wins (setdefault) — if ISA13 and ST02
+                # ever collide they map to the same batch anyway.
+                idx.setdefault(isa_cn, bid)
+            if isinstance(stcn, str) and stcn:
+                idx.setdefault(stcn, bid)
+    return idx
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Mutators
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def add_claim_ack(
+    *,
+    claim_id: str | None,
+    batch_id: str | None,
+    ack_id: int,
+    ack_kind: str,
+    ak2_index: int | None = None,
+    set_control_number: str | None = None,
+    set_accept_reject_code: str | None = None,
+    linked_by: str = "auto",
+    event_bus: "EventBus | None" = None,
+    now: datetime | None = None,
+) -> ClaimAck:
+    """Persist one link row and return it.
+
+    The DB-level unique index
+    ``ux_claim_acks_dedup(claim_id, ack_kind, ack_id, ak2_index)
+    WHERE claim_id IS NOT NULL AND ak2_index IS NOT NULL`` enforces
+    idempotency for the per-AK2 case. The 277CA (ak2_index NULL)
+    and TA1 (claim_id NULL) paths are deduplicated by application
+    code — see :func:`cyclone.claim_acks._link_exists`.
+
+    When ``event_bus`` is provided, publishes one ``claim_ack_written``
+    event (with the full :func:`cyclone.store.ui.to_ui_claim_ack`
+    payload) so the live-tail subscribers on both
+    ``/api/claims/{id}/acks/stream`` and
+    ``/api/acks/{kind}/{id}/claims/stream`` see new rows the moment
+    they land.
+    """
+    if ack_kind not in ("999", "277ca", "ta1"):
+        raise ValueError(f"add_claim_ack: unknown ack_kind={ack_kind!r}")
+    if linked_by not in ("auto", "manual"):
+        raise ValueError(f"add_claim_ack: linked_by={linked_by!r}")
+    if claim_id is None and batch_id is None:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "add_claim_ack: at least one of claim_id/batch_id must be set"
+        )
+    ts = now or utcnow()
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = ClaimAck(
+            claim_id=claim_id,
+            batch_id=batch_id,
+            ack_id=ack_id,
+            ack_kind=ack_kind,
+            ak2_index=ak2_index,
+            set_control_number=set_control_number,
+            set_accept_reject_code=set_accept_reject_code,
+            linked_at=ts,
+            linked_by=linked_by,
+        )
+        s.add(row)
+        s.commit()
+        s.refresh(row)
+        row_id = row.id
+
+    if event_bus is not None:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            payload = to_ui_claim_ack(s.get(ClaimAck, row_id))
+        _safe_publish(event_bus, "claim_ack_written", payload)
+
+    return row
+
+
+def remove_claim_ack(
+    link_id: int,
+    *,
+    event_bus: "EventBus | None" = None,
+) -> bool:
+    """Unlink. Returns ``True`` when a row was deleted.
+
+    Publishes ``claim_ack_dropped`` with ``{"id", "claim_id"}`` so
+    the live-tail subscribers can remove the link from their local
+    store. Does NOT touch ``Claim.state`` — the unlink is purely
+    about the link row, per spec §D6.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(ClaimAck, link_id)
+        if row is None:
+            return False
+        payload = {
+            "id": row.id,
+            "claim_id": row.claim_id,
+            "ack_id": row.ack_id,
+            "ack_kind": row.ack_kind,
+        }
+        s.delete(row)
+        s.commit()
+
+    if event_bus is not None:
+        _safe_publish(event_bus, "claim_ack_dropped", payload)
+    return True
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Readers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def list_acks_for_claim(claim_id: str) -> list[ClaimAck]:
+    """Return every ClaimAck row for one claim (newest first)."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return (
+            s.query(ClaimAck)
+            .filter(ClaimAck.claim_id == claim_id)
+            .order_by(ClaimAck.id.desc())
+            .all()
+        )
+
+
+def list_claims_for_ack(kind: str, ack_id: int) -> list[ClaimAck]:
+    """Return every ClaimAck row for one ack (any kind).
+
+    For 999 / 277CA: returns 0..N rows (one per AK2 / ClaimStatus).
+    For TA1: returns 0..1 row (envelope-level, populated batch_id).
+    """
+    if kind not in ("999", "277ca", "ta1"):
+        raise ValueError(f"list_claims_for_ack: unknown kind={kind!r}")
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        return (
+            s.query(ClaimAck)
+            .filter(
+                ClaimAck.ack_kind == kind,
+                ClaimAck.ack_id == ack_id,
+            )
+            .order_by(ClaimAck.id.asc())
+            .all()
+        )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Orphan detection (Inbox "Ack orphans" lane — spec §D7)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def find_ack_orphans(kind: str) -> list[dict]:
+    """Return acks with no resolvable Claim row of their own kind.
+
+    Used by the Inbox ack-orphans lane for the operator's manual
+    reconciliation flow. The downstream ``/api/inbox/ack-orphans``
+    endpoint calls this and returns the rendered shape.
+
+    "Orphan" means: for 999 / 277CA, ``ack_kind=kind AND ack_id IN
+    (acks_with_no_claim_acks_link)``. For TA1, "orphan" means the
+    TA1 row exists but no Batch with matching sender/receiver was
+    resolved (so no link row was created).
+
+    Output dict shape (one row per orphan ack, rendered by
+    :func:`to_ui_claim_ack`-style serialization):
+
+      * ``kind``       — "999" / "277ca" / "ta1"
+      * ``ack_id``     — the ack row's id
+      * ``control_number`` — for 999/277CA, envelope.control_number;
+                             for TA1, ta1.control_number
+      * ``set_control_numbers`` — empty list when no claims match
+      * ``raw_summary`` — flat copy of the ack's UI shape for the
+                          lane-header counts
+    """
+    if kind not in ("999", "277ca", "ta1"):
+        raise ValueError(f"find_ack_orphans: unknown kind={kind!r}")
+
+    out: list[dict] = []
+    if kind == "999":
+        ack_table = Ack
+    elif kind == "277ca":
+        ack_table = Two77caAck
+    else:
+        ack_table = Ta1Ack
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        # Every ack row of the given kind; orphan when NO claim_acks
+        # link was created for it. The auto-linker emits one claim_acks
+        # row per AK2 even when the AK2 is rejected, so a 999 with at
+        # least one linked AK2 is never an orphan.
+        for ack_row in s.query(ack_table).order_by(ack_table.id.desc()).all():
+            count = (
+                s.query(ClaimAck)
+                .filter(ClaimAck.ack_kind == kind,
+                        ClaimAck.ack_id == ack_row.id)
+                .count()
+            )
+            if count > 0:
+                continue
+            out.append({
+                "kind": kind,
+                "ack_id": ack_row.id,
+                "control_number": _ack_control_number(ack_row, kind),
+                "parsed_at": (
+                    ack_row.parsed_at.isoformat().replace(
+                        "+00:00", "Z"
+                    ) if ack_row.parsed_at else None
+                ),
+            })
+    return out
+
+
+def _iter_orphan_999_st02s() -> Iterator[tuple[str, int]]:
+    """Yield ``(set_control_number, orphan_count)`` for each distinct orphan 999.
+
+    An orphan 999 has zero ``claim_acks`` rows tied to its id (per
+    :func:`find_ack_orphans`). The ST02 is the source 837's
+    ``transaction_set_control_number``, extracted from the 999's
+    ``set_responses[0].set_control_number`` field in ``raw_json``.
+
+    Used by :meth:`CycloneStore.find_ack_orphan_st02_summary` and
+    :meth:`CycloneStore.reconcile_orphan_st02s` (sp38) to enumerate
+    orphan ST02s without re-implementing the orphan-detection query.
+
+    Skips 999s whose ``raw_json`` is malformed or has no
+    ``set_responses`` entry — those are unprocessable regardless of
+    whether they have a matching batch row.
+
+    999-only. 277ca / ta1 orphans are tracked separately by the
+    store and are not aggregated here (their "ST02" semantics differ
+    from 999: it's the interchange control number, not the source
+    837's ST02).
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        # LEFT OUTER JOIN keeps all acks; orphan when no claim_acks row
+        # exists for (ack_kind='999', ack_id=acks.id).
+        rows = (
+            s.query(Ack)
+            .outerjoin(
+                ClaimAck,
+                (ClaimAck.ack_kind == "999") & (ClaimAck.ack_id == Ack.id),
+            )
+            .filter(ClaimAck.id.is_(None))
+            .all()
+        )
+        counts: dict[str, int] = {}
+        for ack_row in rows:
+            st02 = _extract_999_st02(ack_row)
+            if st02 is None:
+                continue
+            counts[st02] = counts.get(st02, 0) + 1
+    yield from sorted(counts.items())
+
+
+def _extract_999_st02(ack_row: Ack) -> str | None:
+    """Return the source 837's ST02 from a 999 ack row, or ``None``.
+
+    Reads ``raw_json`` and pulls ``set_responses[0].set_control_number``.
+    Returns ``None`` if the JSON is malformed, ``set_responses`` is
+    empty, or the field is missing — callers should skip these rows
+    rather than treating them as orphans (they're unprocessable, not
+    just orphaned).
+
+    Note: the ``raw_json`` column is a SQLAlchemy JSON type so the
+    ORM hands it back as a Python dict, not a string. We accept
+    either form (dict or str) so this helper is robust to direct
+    SQLAlchemy access and to raw sqlite3 row access.
+    """
+    raw = ack_row.raw_json
+    if not raw:
+        return None
+    if isinstance(raw, dict):
+        parsed = raw
+    elif isinstance(raw, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+        try:
+            parsed = json.loads(raw)
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            return None
+    else:
+        return None
+    srs = parsed.get("set_responses") or []
+    if not srs:
+        return None
+    st02 = srs[0].get("set_control_number")
+    return str(st02) if st02 else None
+
+
+def _ack_control_number(ack_row: Ack, kind: str) -> str:
+    """Best-effort control-number lookup for a 999 ack row.
+
+    The 999 ORM row doesn't carry the envelope's control_number in
+    a dedicated column; we re-derive it from ``raw_json`` (the same
+    source :func:`cyclone.store.ui.to_ui_ack` uses for the patient
+    control number).
+    """
+    raw = ack_row.raw_json or {}
+    env = raw.get("envelope") or {}
+    return env.get("control_number") or ""
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "add_claim_ack",
+    "batch_envelope_index",
+    "find_ack_orphans",
+    "list_acks_for_claim",
+    "list_claims_for_ack",
+    "remove_claim_ack",
+]

backend/src/cyclone/store/claim_detail.py

@@ -0,0 +1,710 @@
+"""Claim- and remittance-detail read APIs.
+
+Includes the only large non-write query in the store:
+``get_claim_detail`` which joins Claim + CasAdjustment + ActivityEvent
+history for the right-drawer UI.
+
+Also hosts ``check_matched_pair_drift()`` — the SP27 startup invariant
+audit that returns the count of Claim↔Remit pairs where
+``matched_remittance_id`` doesn't agree with the FK in ``remittances.claim_id``.
+It lives here (not in its own module) because it reads the same pair of
+tables as ``get_claim_detail``'s matched-remittance summary.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import timezone
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import (
+    ActivityEvent,
+    CasAdjustment,
+    Claim,
+    ClaimState,
+    Remittance,
+)
+from .ui import (
+    CLAIM_DETAIL_HISTORY_LIMIT,
+    _date_in_bounds,
+    _iso_z,
+    _svc_to_wire_dict,
+    to_ui_claim_detail,
+    to_ui_claim_from_orm,
+    to_ui_provider,
+    to_ui_remittance_from_orm,
+    to_ui_remittance_with_adjustments,
+)
+
+
+def get_remittance(remittance_id: str) -> dict | None:
+    """Return a UI-shaped remittance dict with ``adjustments`` array.
+
+    Joins the persisted ``CasAdjustment`` rows for ``remittance_id``
+    and labels each via :mod:`cyclone.parsers.cas_codes`. Returns
+    ``None`` when the remittance is not found so the API layer can
+    map that to a 404.
+
+    SP7: also returns the per-line SVC composites
+    (``serviceLinePayments``) and the CLP-level (claim-level) CAS
+    bucket (``claimLevelAdjustments``) so the remit drawer can show
+    per-line payments + adjustments without a second fetch.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(Remittance, remittance_id)
+        if row is None:
+            return None
+        cas_rows = (
+            s.query(CasAdjustment)
+            .filter(CasAdjustment.remittance_id == remittance_id)
+            .all()
+        )
+        parsed_at = (
+            row.batch.parsed_at if row.batch is not None else row.received_at
+        )
+        if parsed_at is not None and parsed_at.tzinfo is None:
+            parsed_at = parsed_at.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+        body = to_ui_remittance_with_adjustments(
+            row,
+            batch_id=row.batch_id,
+            parsed_at=parsed_at,
+            cas_rows=cas_rows,
+        )
+        # SP7: per-line SVC composites + claim-level CAS bucket.
+        from cyclone.db import ServiceLinePayment as SLP
+        slps = (
+            s.query(SLP)
+            .filter(SLP.remittance_id == remittance_id)
+            .order_by(SLP.line_number)
+            .all()
+        )
+        body["serviceLinePayments"] = [
+            _svc_to_wire_dict(svc) for svc in slps
+        ]
+        body["claimLevelAdjustments"] = [
+            {
+                "id": c.id,
+                "group_code": c.group_code,
+                "reason_code": c.reason_code,
+                "amount": str(Decimal(str(c.amount))),
+                "quantity": (
+                    str(Decimal(str(c.quantity)))
+                    if c.quantity is not None
+                    else None
+                ),
+            }
+            for c in cas_rows
+            if c.service_line_payment_id is None
+        ]
+        return body
+
+
+def get_claim_detail(claim_id: str) -> dict | None:
+    """Return the SP4 detail-drawer shape for one claim, or ``None``.
+
+    Drives ``GET /api/claims/{claim_id}``. Returns the spec-shaped
+    dict from :func:`to_ui_claim_detail` (header + state + parties +
+    validation + service lines + diagnoses + raw segments) stitched
+    with the claim's recent activity history and, if paired, a
+    matched-remittance summary.
+
+    Returns ``None`` when ``claim_id`` is not in the DB so the API
+    layer can map that to a 404 — the URL-driven drawer
+    distinguishes "claim doesn't exist" from "fetch failed" (the
+    spec §3.4 calls for a distinct 404 state in the drawer).
+
+    The history is capped at :data:`CLAIM_DETAIL_HISTORY_LIMIT`
+    (50, per the spec) and ordered ``ts DESC`` so the most recent
+    event is first. The status string in ``matchedRemittance``
+    follows the same ``reconciled``/``received`` mapping used by
+    :func:`to_ui_remittance_from_orm`.
+    """
+    # Lazy import — same pattern used throughout this module to
+    # avoid a circular store ↔ db import on cold start.
+    from cyclone import db as _db
+
+    with _db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(Claim, claim_id)
+        if row is None:
+            return None
+
+        history_rows = (
+            s.query(ActivityEvent)
+            .filter(ActivityEvent.claim_id == claim_id)
+            .order_by(ActivityEvent.ts.desc())
+            .limit(CLAIM_DETAIL_HISTORY_LIMIT)
+            .all()
+        )
+
+        # Claim.batch_id is FK NOT NULL with ON DELETE CASCADE, so
+        # ``row.batch`` is always populated in normal flow. Re-attach
+        # UTC only when SQLite drops the tzinfo on read.
+        parsed_at = row.batch.parsed_at
+        if parsed_at.tzinfo is None:
+            parsed_at = parsed_at.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+
+        detail = to_ui_claim_detail(
+            row,
+            batch_id=row.batch_id,
+            parsed_at=parsed_at,
+        )
+
+        detail["stateHistory"] = [
+            {
+                "kind": ev.kind,
+                # SQLite drops tzinfo on read; rows are stored UTC
+                # at write time (see ``add`` / ``manual_match``),
+                # so re-attach UTC if needed to keep the spec
+                # contract that ``ts`` ends in Z.
+                "ts": _iso_z(ev.ts),
+                "batchId": ev.batch_id,
+                "remittanceId": ev.remittance_id,
+            }
+            for ev in history_rows
+        ]
+
+        if row.matched_remittance_id is not None:
+            remit = s.get(Remittance, row.matched_remittance_id)
+            if remit is not None:
+                status = (
+                    "reconciled"
+                    if remit.status_code in ("21", "22")
+                    else "received"
+                )
+                detail["matchedRemittance"] = {
+                    "id": remit.id,
+                    "totalPaid": float(remit.total_paid or 0),
+                    "status": status,
+                    "receivedAt": _iso_z(remit.received_at),
+                }
+            # If the remittance was deleted out from under the FK
+            # (the FK is ``ON DELETE SET NULL`` so the column is
+            # already cleared in normal flow), the matched_remittance_id
+            # would be None here and we wouldn't enter this branch.
+            # If the FK is non-null but the row is gone (e.g. tests
+            # that bypass the cascade), fall through with the
+            # default ``None`` — the UI shows "no match" rather
+            # than crashing.
+
+        # SP7 §5.2: slim per-line projection so the ServiceLinesTable
+        # can show Paid + Adjustments columns without a second fetch.
+        # The 837 side is keyed by ``claim_service_line_number`` (the
+        # 1-based line number from raw_json) since 837 service lines
+        # are not a separate ORM table.
+        from cyclone.db import (
+            LineReconciliation, ServiceLinePayment, CasAdjustment,
+        )
+        slim_lrs = list(
+            s.query(LineReconciliation)
+            .filter(LineReconciliation.claim_id == claim_id)
+            .all()
+        )
+        svc_ids_for_cas = [
+            lr.service_line_payment_id
+            for lr in slim_lrs
+            if lr.service_line_payment_id is not None
+        ]
+        cas_sums_by_svc: dict = {}
+        svc_by_id_slim: dict = {}
+        if svc_ids_for_cas:
+            cas_rows = (
+                s.query(CasAdjustment.service_line_payment_id, CasAdjustment.amount)
+                .filter(CasAdjustment.service_line_payment_id.in_(svc_ids_for_cas))
+                .all()
+            )
+            from collections import defaultdict
+            agg = defaultdict(lambda: Decimal("0"))
+            for svc_id, amount in cas_rows:
+                agg[svc_id] += Decimal(str(amount))
+            cas_sums_by_svc = {k: str(v) for k, v in agg.items()}
+            for svc in (
+                s.query(ServiceLinePayment)
+                .filter(ServiceLinePayment.id.in_(svc_ids_for_cas))
+                .all()
+            ):
+                svc_by_id_slim[svc.id] = svc
+
+        slim_by_num: dict = {
+            lr.claim_service_line_number: lr
+            for lr in slim_lrs
+            if lr.claim_service_line_number is not None
+        }
+        line_reconciliation_slim: list = []
+        for sl in detail["serviceLines"]:
+            ln = sl.get("lineNumber")
+            lr = slim_by_num.get(ln)
+            if lr is None:
+                line_reconciliation_slim.append({
+                    "lineNumber": ln,
+                    "status": "unmatched_837_only",
+                    "paid": None,
+                    "adjustmentsSum": None,
+                })
+                continue
+            svc = (
+                svc_by_id_slim.get(lr.service_line_payment_id)
+                if lr.service_line_payment_id
+                else None
+            )
+            line_reconciliation_slim.append({
+                "lineNumber": ln,
+                "status": lr.status,
+                "paid": str(Decimal(str(svc.payment))) if svc else None,
+                "adjustmentsSum": (
+                    cas_sums_by_svc.get(lr.service_line_payment_id)
+                    if lr.service_line_payment_id
+                    else None
+                ),
+            })
+        detail["lineReconciliation"] = line_reconciliation_slim
+
+        return detail
+
+
+def iter_claims(
+    *,
+    batch_id: str | None = None,
+    status: str | None = None,
+    provider_npi: str | None = None,
+    payer: str | None = None,
+    date_from: str | None = None,
+    date_to: str | None = None,
+    sort: str | None = None,
+    order: str = "desc",
+    limit: int = 100,
+    offset: int = 0,
+) -> list[dict]:
+    """Return UI-shaped claim dicts from the DB.
+
+    Filters mirror the in-memory version. The ``payer`` filter is
+    a case-insensitive substring on the payer's ``name``, recovered
+    from each claim's ``raw_json`` payload (the DB stores it there
+    because ``Claim`` itself only carries ``payer_id``).
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        q = s.query(Claim)
+        if batch_id is not None:
+            q = q.filter(Claim.batch_id == batch_id)
+        if status is not None:
+            q = q.filter(Claim.state == ClaimState(status))
+        if provider_npi is not None:
+            q = q.filter(Claim.provider_npi == provider_npi)
+
+        rows = q.all()
+        # Bulk-load matched-remittance totals so the UI's "Received"
+        # KPI + per-claim received_amount reflect real paid amounts
+        # rather than always-0. One SQL roundtrip for the whole page
+        # rather than per-claim lookups.
+        matched_ids = [
+            r.matched_remittance_id
+            for r in rows
+            if r.matched_remittance_id
+        ]
+        received_by_remit: dict[str, float] = {}
+        if matched_ids:
+            for rid, total_paid in (
+                s.query(Remittance.id, Remittance.total_paid)
+                .filter(Remittance.id.in_(matched_ids))
+                .all()
+            ):
+                received_by_remit[rid] = float(total_paid or 0)
+
+        out: list[dict] = []
+        for r in rows:
+            raw = r.raw_json or {}
+            bp = raw.get("billing_provider", {})
+            payer_obj = raw.get("payer", {})
+            sub = raw.get("subscriber", {})
+            claim_hdr = raw.get("claim", {})
+            service_lines = raw.get("service_lines", [])
+            parsed_at_iso = (
+                r.batch.parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+                if r.batch is not None
+                else ""
+            )
+            cpt = (
+                service_lines[0].get("procedure", {}).get("code", "")
+                if service_lines
+                else ""
+            )
+            out.append({
+                "id": r.id,
+                "patientName": (
+                    f"{sub.get('first_name', '')} "
+                    f"{sub.get('last_name', '')}".strip()
+                ),
+                "providerNpi": bp.get("npi") or r.provider_npi or "",
+                "payerName": payer_obj.get("name") or "",
+                "cptCode": cpt,
+                "billedAmount": float(r.charge_amount or 0),
+                "receivedAmount": received_by_remit.get(
+                    r.matched_remittance_id, 0.0
+                ),
+                "status": r.state.value if hasattr(r.state, "value") else str(r.state),
+                "state": r.state.value if hasattr(r.state, "value") else str(r.state),
+                "denialReason": None,
+                "submissionDate": parsed_at_iso,
+                "batchId": r.batch_id,
+                "parsedAt": parsed_at_iso,
+                # Keep these so we can sort on them in-memory below.
+                "_sort_billedAmount": float(r.charge_amount or 0),
+                "_sort_submissionDate": parsed_at_iso,
+            })
+
+    if payer is not None:
+        needle = payer.casefold()
+        out = [
+            c for c in out
+            if needle in (c.get("payerName") or "").casefold()
+        ]
+    out = [
+        c for c in out
+        if _date_in_bounds(c, "submissionDate", date_from, date_to)
+    ]
+    if sort is not None:
+        out.sort(
+            key=lambda c: c.get(f"_sort_{sort}", 0) or 0,
+            reverse=(order == "desc"),
+        )
+    # Drop the private sort keys before returning.
+    for c in out:
+        c.pop("_sort_billedAmount", None)
+        c.pop("_sort_submissionDate", None)
+    return out[offset:offset + limit]
+
+
+def iter_remittances(
+    *,
+    batch_id: str | None = None,
+    payer: str | None = None,
+    claim_id: str | None = None,
+    date_from: str | None = None,
+    date_to: str | None = None,
+    sort: str | None = None,
+    order: str = "desc",
+    limit: int = 100,
+    offset: int = 0,
+) -> list[dict]:
+    """Return UI-shaped remittance dicts from the DB."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        q = s.query(Remittance)
+        if batch_id is not None:
+            q = q.filter(Remittance.batch_id == batch_id)
+        if claim_id is not None:
+            q = q.filter(Remittance.claim_id == claim_id)
+
+        rows = q.all()
+        # Bulk-fetch all CAS rows for these remittances in one query
+        # (SP3 P2 follow-up — fixes the list-view's empty adjustments
+        # expansion). N+1-free.
+        cas_by_remit: dict[str, list] = {}
+        if rows:
+            from cyclone.parsers.cas_codes import reason_label
+            cas_rows = (
+                s.query(CasAdjustment)
+                .filter(CasAdjustment.remittance_id.in_([r.id for r in rows]))
+                .all()
+            )
+            for c in cas_rows:
+                cas_by_remit.setdefault(c.remittance_id, []).append(c)
+
+        out: list[dict] = []
+        for r in rows:
+            raw = r.raw_json or {}
+            parsed_at_iso = (
+                r.batch.parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+                if r.batch is not None
+                else r.received_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+            )
+            payer_name = ""
+            if r.batch is not None and r.batch.raw_result_json:
+                payer_name = (
+                    r.batch.raw_result_json.get("payer", {}).get("name", "")
+                )
+            adjustments = [
+                {
+                    "group": c.group_code,
+                    "reason": c.reason_code,
+                    "label": reason_label(c.group_code, c.reason_code),
+                    "amount": float(c.amount),
+                    "quantity": float(c.quantity) if c.quantity is not None else None,
+                }
+                for c in cas_by_remit.get(r.id, [])
+            ]
+            out.append({
+                "id": r.id,
+                "claimId": r.claim_id or "",
+                "payerName": payer_name,
+                "paidAmount": float(r.total_paid or 0),
+                "adjustmentAmount": float(r.adjustment_amount or 0),
+                "status": (
+                    "reconciled" if r.status_code in ("21", "22")
+                    else "received"
+                ),
+                "denialReason": None,
+                "validationWarnings": [],
+                "receivedDate": r.received_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z"),
+                "batchId": r.batch_id,
+                "parsedAt": parsed_at_iso,
+                "adjustments": adjustments,
+                "_sort_receivedDate": r.received_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z"),
+            })
+
+    if payer is not None:
+        out = [r for r in out if r.get("payerName") == payer]
+    out = [
+        r for r in out
+        if _date_in_bounds(r, "receivedDate", date_from, date_to)
+    ]
+    if sort is not None:
+        out.sort(
+            key=lambda r: r.get(f"_sort_{sort}", 0) or 0,
+            reverse=(order == "desc"),
+        )
+    for r in out:
+        r.pop("_sort_receivedDate", None)
+    return out[offset:offset + limit]
+
+
+def distinct_providers() -> list[dict]:
+    """Group claims by NPI and return one row per provider."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        rows = s.query(Claim).all()
+        by_npi: dict[str, dict] = {}
+        for r in rows:
+            npi = r.provider_npi or ""
+            if npi not in by_npi:
+                raw = r.raw_json or {}
+                bp = raw.get("billing_provider", {})
+                by_npi[npi] = to_ui_provider(
+                    npi=npi,
+                    name=bp.get("name") or "",
+                    tax_id=bp.get("tax_id"),
+                    address=None,
+                    city=None,
+                    state=None,
+                    zip=None,
+                    phone=None,
+                    claim_count=0,
+                    outstanding_ar=0.0,
+                )
+            by_npi[npi]["claimCount"] += 1
+        return list(by_npi.values())
+
+
+def recent_activity(*, limit: int = 200) -> list[dict]:
+    """Return recent activity events from the DB, newest first.
+
+    SP21 Task 2.5: each row also carries ``claimId`` and
+    ``remittanceId`` (read from the ORM columns) so the Dashboard's
+    Recent-activity card can route clicks to the right entity
+    drawer via ``src/lib/event-routing.ts``. Both are nullable
+    strings; the wire shape uses camelCase keys to match the
+    existing ``npi`` / ``amount`` fields and the frontend
+    ``Activity`` interface.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        rows = (
+            s.query(ActivityEvent)
+            .order_by(ActivityEvent.ts.desc())
+            .limit(limit)
+            .all()
+        )
+        return [
+            {
+                "id": f"ae-{r.id}",
+                "kind": r.kind,
+                "message": (r.payload_json or {}).get("message", ""),
+                "timestamp": r.ts.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z"),
+                "npi": (r.payload_json or {}).get("npi"),
+                "amount": (r.payload_json or {}).get("amount"),
+                "claimId": r.claim_id,
+                "remittanceId": r.remittance_id,
+            }
+            for r in rows
+        ]
+
+
+def check_matched_pair_drift() -> int:
+    """Audit the ``Claim.matched_remittance_id`` ↔ ``Remittance.claim_id``
+    FK pair at startup. Non-blocking (SP27 Task 11).
+
+    The matched pair is a denormalized FK pair maintained transactionally
+    by ``manual_match``, ``manual_unmatch``, and ``reconcile.run``. A
+    pre-existing mismatch (e.g. a row written before a state migration
+    that added one column but not the other) would otherwise stay
+    invisible until the next operator pair attempt fails confusingly.
+    This check logs the count + up to N examples so operators can
+    investigate without booting the system.
+
+    Returns the number of drifted rows (0 means clean). Does not
+    raise; bootstrap continues even if drift is detected.
+
+    Count semantics: this returns *drifted rows*, not *drifted pairs*.
+    A single broken pair (``Claim.matched_remittance_id = X`` AND
+    ``Remittance.claim_id = Y != nil`` with neither pointing back)
+    can produce TWO drifted rows — one in case A (the claim) and
+    one in case B (the remit). In practice drift is almost always
+    asymmetric (one side NULL), so count == count(pairs); for the
+    fully-symmetric minority, divide by ~2 when alerting. Real drift
+    should be fixed by repairing the writer path, not by counting.
+
+    Cases:
+      A. Claim ``matched_remittance_id = X`` but the paired remit X's
+         ``claim_id`` is either NULL or doesn't point back to the claim.
+      B. Remit ``claim_id = A`` but the paired claim A's
+         ``matched_remittance_id`` is either NULL or doesn't point back.
+    """
+    import logging
+    from sqlalchemy import select
+
+    log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        # Case A: claim says X is paired, but X.claim_id doesn't point back.
+        case_a = list(
+            s.execute(
+                select(
+                    Claim.id.label("claim_id"),
+                    Claim.matched_remittance_id.label("claimed_remit_id"),
+                    Remittance.claim_id.label("remit_points_to"),
+                )
+                .outerjoin(
+                    Remittance,
+                    Remittance.id == Claim.matched_remittance_id,
+                )
+                .where(Claim.matched_remittance_id.is_not(None))
+                .where(
+                    (Remittance.claim_id.is_(None))
+                    | (Remittance.claim_id != Claim.id)
+                )
+            ).all()
+        )
+        # Case B: remit says A is paired, but A.matched_remittance_id
+        # doesn't point back.
+        case_b = list(
+            s.execute(
+                select(
+                    Remittance.id.label("remit_id"),
+                    Remittance.claim_id.label("claimed_claim_id"),
+                    Claim.matched_remittance_id.label("claim_points_to"),
+                )
+                .outerjoin(
+                    Claim,
+                    Claim.id == Remittance.claim_id,
+                )
+                .where(Remittance.claim_id.is_not(None))
+                .where(
+                    (Claim.matched_remittance_id.is_(None))
+                    | (Claim.matched_remittance_id != Remittance.id)
+                )
+            ).all()
+        )
+
+    total = len(case_a) + len(case_b)
+    if total == 0:
+        log.info("matched-pair drift check: 0 mismatches (clean)")
+        return 0
+
+    log.warning(
+        "matched-pair drift check: %d mismatched pair(s) (showing up to 5 "
+        "of each). Investigate via SELECT against claim / remittance; "
+        "manual re-pair via /api/claims/{id}/manual-match will repair.",
+        total,
+    )
+    for r in case_a[:5]:
+        log.warning(
+            "  case A: claim %s -> remit %s, but remit.claim_id=%r",
+            r.claim_id,
+            r.claimed_remit_id,
+            r.remit_points_to,
+        )
+    for r in case_b[:5]:
+        log.warning(
+            "  case B: remit %s -> claim %s, but claim.matched_remittance_id=%r",
+            r.remit_id,
+            r.claimed_claim_id,
+            r.claim_points_to,
+        )
+    return total
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Aggregate counters (SP25 / SP27): full-population counts and sums that
+# the /api/* endpoints expose so page-local reductions (25 rows + live-tail
+# delta) can never silently understate the true population.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_ITER_UNBOUNDED = 2**31 - 1
+
+
+def count_claims(
+    *,
+    batch_id: str | None = None,
+    status: str | None = None,
+    provider_npi: str | None = None,
+    payer: str | None = None,
+    date_from: str | None = None,
+    date_to: str | None = None,
+) -> int:
+    """Count claims that would be returned by ``iter_claims``.
+
+    Same filter parameters as ``iter_claims`` (excluding
+    ``sort``/``order``/``limit``/``offset``, which don't affect cardinality).
+    """
+    rows = iter_claims(
+        batch_id=batch_id, status=status, provider_npi=provider_npi,
+        payer=payer, date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+        sort=None, order="desc", limit=_ITER_UNBOUNDED, offset=0,
+    )
+    return len(rows)
+
+
+def count_remittances(
+    *,
+    batch_id: str | None = None,
+    payer: str | None = None,
+    claim_id: str | None = None,
+    date_from: str | None = None,
+    date_to: str | None = None,
+) -> int:
+    """Count remittances that would be returned by ``iter_remittances``.
+
+    Same filter parameters as ``iter_remittances`` (excluding
+    ``sort``/``order``/``limit``/``offset``).
+    """
+    rows = iter_remittances(
+        batch_id=batch_id, payer=payer, claim_id=claim_id,
+        date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+        sort=None, order="desc", limit=_ITER_UNBOUNDED, offset=0,
+    )
+    return len(rows)
+
+
+def summarize_remittances(
+    *,
+    batch_id: str | None = None,
+    payer: str | None = None,
+    claim_id: str | None = None,
+    date_from: str | None = None,
+    date_to: str | None = None,
+) -> dict:
+    """Return ``{count, total_paid, total_adjustments}`` summed over the
+    remittance population that ``iter_remittances`` would return under
+    the same filters. Backs ``GET /api/remittances/summary`` — the
+    Remittances page's KPI tiles (added in SP27).
+    """
+    rows = iter_remittances(
+        batch_id=batch_id, payer=payer, claim_id=claim_id,
+        date_from=date_from, date_to=date_to,
+        sort=None, order="desc", limit=_ITER_UNBOUNDED, offset=0,
+    )
+    total_paid = 0.0
+    total_adjustments = 0.0
+    for r in rows:
+        total_paid += float(r.get("paidAmount") or 0)
+        total_adjustments += float(r.get("adjustmentAmount") or 0)
+    return {
+        "count": len(rows),
+        "total_paid": total_paid,
+        "total_adjustments": total_adjustments,
+    }

backend/src/cyclone/store/exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+"""Exception types raised by CycloneStore and its domain modules.
+
+These are part of the public API — callers (API endpoints) catch them
+and translate to HTTP 409 Conflict responses.
+"""
+
+
+class AlreadyMatchedError(Exception):
+    """Raised by ``CycloneStore.manual_match`` when the claim is already paired.
+
+    The claim's ``matched_remittance_id`` is set, so any new pairing would
+    clobber an existing match. Callers (the T15 API endpoint) should surface
+    this as a 409 Conflict.
+    """
+
+
+class NotMatchedError(Exception):
+    """Raised by ``CycloneStore.manual_unmatch`` when the claim has no match.
+
+    Mirrors ``AlreadyMatchedError`` for the unpair operation. Same HTTP
+    treatment: 409 Conflict at the API layer.
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidStateError(Exception):
+    """Raised when an apply_* pure fn returns a skipped ApplyIntent.
+
+    ``reconcile.apply_payment`` / ``apply_reversal`` may return
+    ``skipped=True`` (e.g. claim already in a terminal state, or reversal
+    on a non-paid claim). The store surfaces that as ``InvalidStateError``
+    rather than silently pairing. The T15 API endpoint maps this to a
+    409 Conflict and echoes ``current_state`` and ``activity_kind`` so
+    the UI can render a precise message.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, current_state: str, activity_kind: str = "invalid_state"):
+        self.current_state = current_state
+        self.activity_kind = activity_kind
+        super().__init__(
+            f"invalid state {current_state} for apply (kind={activity_kind})"
+        )

backend/src/cyclone/store/inbox.py

@@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
+"""Inbox lane state and manual match/unmatch operations.
+
+``list_unmatched`` returns the 5-lane inbox view (unmatched claims +
+unmatched remits). ``manual_match`` and ``manual_unmatch`` invoke the
+reconcile pure functions and persist the resulting Match row (or
+remove it). Invalid state transitions surface as ``InvalidStateError``.
+"""
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import ActivityEvent, Claim, ClaimState, Match, Remittance
+
+from .exceptions import AlreadyMatchedError, InvalidStateError, NotMatchedError
+from . import utcnow
+from .ui import to_ui_claim_from_orm, to_ui_remittance_from_orm
+
+
+# -- manual reconciliation (T12) -----------------------------------
+
+def list_unmatched(*, kind: str = "both") -> dict:
+    """Return unmatched claims and/or remittances.
+
+    An unmatched claim is one with ``matched_remittance_id IS NULL`` —
+    either auto-match never paired it, or it was unpaired by
+    ``manual_unmatch``. An unmatched remittance is one with
+    ``claim_id IS NULL`` — symmetric FK on the remittance side; we
+    update this in ``manual_match`` so the filter reflects the pair.
+
+    Note: T10's ``reconcile.run`` only writes the claim-side FK
+    (``Claim.matched_remittance_id``) when auto-pairing. Auto-matched
+    remittances therefore still show as "unmatched" here until the
+    pair is touched (re-ingest, manual unmatch + rematch). That gap
+    is intentional for T12 — fixing it requires modifying T10.
+
+    ``kind`` selects which side(s) to return:
+      - "claims": only claims
+      - "remittances": only remittances
+      - "both": both (default)
+
+    Returns ``{"claims": [...], "remittances": [...]}`` with the
+    unused side always an empty list (never absent) so callers can
+    unconditionally index.
+    """
+    if kind not in ("claims", "remittances", "both"):
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"list_unmatched: unknown kind={kind!r} "
+            "(expected 'claims', 'remittances', or 'both')"
+        )
+
+    result: dict = {"claims": [], "remittances": []}
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        if kind in ("claims", "both"):
+            rows = (
+                s.query(Claim)
+                .filter(Claim.matched_remittance_id.is_(None))
+                .order_by(Claim.id.asc())
+                .all()
+            )
+            for r in rows:
+                parsed_at = (
+                    r.batch.parsed_at
+                    if r.batch is not None
+                    else r.service_date_from or utcnow()
+                )
+                result["claims"].append(
+                    to_ui_claim_from_orm(
+                        r, batch_id=r.batch_id, parsed_at=parsed_at,
+                        # list_unmatched filters matched_remittance_id IS NULL,
+                        # so every row has no remittance yet.
+                        received_total=0.0,
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if kind in ("remittances", "both"):
+            rows = (
+                s.query(Remittance)
+                .filter(Remittance.claim_id.is_(None))
+                .order_by(Remittance.id.asc())
+                .all()
+            )
+            for r in rows:
+                parsed_at = (
+                    r.batch.parsed_at
+                    if r.batch is not None
+                    else r.received_at
+                )
+                result["remittances"].append(
+                    to_ui_remittance_from_orm(
+                        r, batch_id=r.batch_id, parsed_at=parsed_at,
+                    )
+                )
+    return result
+
+def manual_match(claim_id: str, remit_id: str) -> dict:
+    """Pair a claim with a remittance manually (operator override).
+
+    Steps:
+      1. Load the claim; raise ``AlreadyMatchedError`` if it already
+         has a match (we never silently overwrite an existing pair).
+      2. Load the remittance; raise ``LookupError`` if missing.
+      3. Compute the new claim state via ``reconcile.apply_payment``
+         (or ``apply_reversal`` for status codes 21/22).
+      4. Insert a ``Match`` row with ``strategy="manual"``.
+      5. Update the claim (``state``, ``matched_remittance_id``) AND
+         the remittance (``claim_id``) so the symmetric FK reflects
+         the pair — required for ``list_unmatched`` to drop them.
+      6. Record an ``ActivityEvent(kind="manual_match", ...)``.
+      7. Commit; return ``{"claim": <ui>, "match": <ui>}``.
+
+    ``reconcile.apply_payment`` may return a noop (claim in terminal
+    state); we surface that as ``InvalidStateError`` rather than
+    silently pairing, because the operator clearly intended a state
+    change. The T15 API endpoint maps this to a 409 Conflict.
+    """
+    from cyclone import reconcile as _reconcile
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim = s.get(Claim, claim_id)
+        if claim is None:
+            raise LookupError(f"claim {claim_id} not found")
+        if claim.matched_remittance_id is not None:
+            raise AlreadyMatchedError(
+                f"claim {claim_id} already matched to "
+                f"{claim.matched_remittance_id}"
+            )
+
+        remit = s.get(Remittance, remit_id)
+        if remit is None:
+            raise LookupError(f"remittance {remit_id} not found")
+
+        prior_state = claim.state
+        if remit.is_reversal:
+            intent = _reconcile.apply_reversal(claim, remit)
+        else:
+            intent = _reconcile.apply_payment(
+                claim, remit,
+                charge=claim.charge_amount,
+                paid=remit.total_paid,
+                status_code=remit.status_code,
+            )
+
+        if intent.skipped or intent.new_state is None:
+            current = (
+                claim.state.value
+                if hasattr(claim.state, "value")
+                else str(claim.state)
+            )
+            raise InvalidStateError(
+                current_state=current,
+                activity_kind=intent.activity_kind,
+            )
+
+        new_state = intent.new_state
+        now = utcnow()
+
+        s.add(Match(
+            claim_id=claim_id,
+            remittance_id=remit_id,
+            strategy="manual",
+            matched_at=now,
+            prior_claim_state=prior_state,
+            is_reversal=remit.is_reversal,
+        ))
+        claim.state = new_state
+        claim.matched_remittance_id = remit_id
+        # Symmetric FK update — see list_unmatched docstring for why
+        # we don't rely on T10 to do this.
+        remit.claim_id = claim_id
+
+        # SP7: line-level reconciliation + claim-level CAS aggregate.
+        # Skipped for reversals — they don't have SV1↔SVC line pairs.
+        if not remit.is_reversal:
+            _reconcile._reconcile_pair(s, claim, remit)
+
+        s.add(ActivityEvent(
+            ts=now,
+            kind="manual_match",
+            batch_id=remit.batch_id,
+            claim_id=claim_id,
+            remittance_id=remit_id,
+            payload_json={
+                "strategy": "manual",
+                "new_state": new_state.value,
+                "prior_state": prior_state.value,
+                "is_reversal": remit.is_reversal,
+            },
+        ))
+
+        s.commit()
+
+        parsed_at = (
+            claim.batch.parsed_at
+            if claim.batch is not None
+            else now
+        )
+        claim_dict = to_ui_claim_from_orm(
+            claim, batch_id=claim.batch_id, parsed_at=parsed_at,
+            received_total=float(remit.total_paid or 0),
+        )
+        matched_at_iso = now.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+        return {
+            "claim": claim_dict,
+            "match": {
+                "strategy": "manual",
+                "claimId": claim_id,
+                "remittanceId": remit_id,
+                "matchedAt": matched_at_iso,
+                "isReversal": remit.is_reversal,
+                "priorState": prior_state.value,
+                "newState": new_state.value,
+            },
+        }
+
+def manual_unmatch(claim_id: str) -> dict:
+    """Unpair a previously matched claim and restore its prior state.
+
+    Reverses ``manual_match`` (and auto-match as a side-effect of
+    clearing the FK). Strategy:
+
+      1. Load the claim; raise ``NotMatchedError`` if it isn't
+         currently matched.
+      2. Delete every ``Match`` row for the claim (there may be more
+         than one — reversals create a 2nd row, see T10 spec).
+      3. Restore ``claim.state`` from the latest Match's
+         ``prior_claim_state``; fall back to ``SUBMITTED`` when
+         ``prior_claim_state`` is NULL (auto-match doesn't set it for
+         non-reversal payments — see reconcile.run line ~278).
+      4. Clear ``claim.matched_remittance_id`` and the symmetric
+         ``remit.claim_id`` so ``list_unmatched`` surfaces the pair
+         again.
+      5. Record ``ActivityEvent(kind="manual_unmatch", ...)`` and
+         commit.
+      6. Return ``{"claim": <ui>, "deletedMatches": <count>}``.
+    """
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim = s.get(Claim, claim_id)
+        if claim is None:
+            raise LookupError(f"claim {claim_id} not found")
+        if claim.matched_remittance_id is None:
+            raise NotMatchedError(
+                f"claim {claim_id} has no active match"
+            )
+
+        matches = (
+            s.query(Match)
+            .filter(Match.claim_id == claim_id)
+            .order_by(Match.matched_at.desc())
+            .all()
+        )
+        if not matches:
+            # Defensive: matched_remittance_id was set but no Match
+            # rows exist. Shouldn't happen, but if it does, fall back
+            # to clearing the FK and starting fresh.
+            latest = None
+            paired_remit = None
+            restored_state = ClaimState.SUBMITTED
+        else:
+            latest = matches[0]
+            paired_remit = s.get(Remittance, latest.remittance_id)
+            restored_state = (
+                latest.prior_claim_state
+                if latest.prior_claim_state is not None
+                else ClaimState.SUBMITTED
+            )
+
+        deleted_count = len(matches)
+        for m in matches:
+            s.delete(m)
+
+        claim.state = restored_state
+        claim.matched_remittance_id = None
+        # Clear the symmetric FK on the remittance so list_unmatched
+        # surfaces the pair again. The remittance may have been
+        # deleted between the match and this call — guard with a
+        # None check so we don't blow up on a stale FK.
+        if paired_remit is not None:
+            paired_remit.claim_id = None
+
+        now = utcnow()
+        s.add(ActivityEvent(
+            ts=now,
+            kind="manual_unmatch",
+            claim_id=claim_id,
+            payload_json={
+                "restored_state": restored_state.value,
+                "deleted_matches": deleted_count,
+            },
+        ))
+
+        s.commit()
+
+        parsed_at = (
+            claim.batch.parsed_at
+            if claim.batch is not None
+            else now
+        )
+        # ``paired_remit`` is the matched remittance we cleared in
+        # the unmatch; use its ``total_paid`` for the response shape
+        # so the UI sees what was paid before the unpair. May be
+        # ``None`` if the remittance was deleted since the match —
+        # default to 0.0 in that case.
+        received_total = (
+            float(paired_remit.total_paid or 0)
+            if paired_remit is not None
+            else 0.0
+        )
+        claim_dict = to_ui_claim_from_orm(
+            claim, batch_id=claim.batch_id, parsed_at=parsed_at,
+            received_total=received_total,
+        )
+        return {
+            "claim": claim_dict,
+            "deletedMatches": deleted_count,
+        }
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------

backend/src/cyclone/store/kpis.py

@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+"""Dashboard KPI aggregation — cross-table reads consumed by /api/dashboard/kpis.
+
+``dashboard_kpis()`` returns a single dict that the React Dashboard page
+consumes as the source of truth for the 4 KPI tiles + the recent-activity
+panel. It reads from claims + remittances + batches in a single pass.
+
+``_claim_state_str`` is a small mapping helper that translates ORM
+status enum values to UI-friendly strings. It's private to this module.
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import Claim, Remittance
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP27 Task 13: Dashboard aggregate KPIs.
+#
+# The Dashboard's "Billed / Received / Denial rate / Pending AR" tiles are
+# computed from the *whole* claim population, not a sample. With 60k+ claims
+# in production, fetching ``/api/claims?limit=100`` and reducing in JS would
+# silently produce wrong numbers (denial rate sampled, billed summed from
+# 100 rows). This module-level function does the aggregation server-side in
+# a single session and returns a small structured payload the Dashboard
+# can render directly.
+#
+# Performance: one ``SELECT * FROM claims`` (no pagination) + one
+# ``SELECT id, total_paid FROM remittances WHERE id IN (...)`` for matched
+# remits. SQLite returns 60k claim rows in ~30ms on the development
+# machine; the Python reduce is microseconds. If the dataset grows past
+# ~500k claims we'd want a SQL-side ``GROUP BY month`` instead — but at
+# that volume the dashboard should probably be backed by a materialized
+# view, not a live query.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _claim_state_str(claim: Claim) -> str:
+    """Stringify a Claim's ``state`` regardless of enum vs raw str storage."""
+    st = claim.state
+    return st.value if hasattr(st, "value") else str(st)
+
+
+# Claim states counted toward the Dashboard's "pending" tile. SUBMITTED
+# is the initial post-parse state; REJECTED is the 999 envelope-level
+# rejection that means the payer never saw the claim. Both are
+# "outstanding adjudication" from the operator's POV; ``denied`` is
+# payer adjudication and lives in its own tile.
+_DASHBOARD_PENDING_STATES: frozenset[str] = frozenset({"submitted", "rejected"})
+
+
+def dashboard_kpis(
+    *,
+    months: int = 6,
+    top_n_providers: int = 4,
+    top_n_denials: int = 5,
+) -> dict:
+    """Compute Dashboard KPIs over the entire claim/remittance population.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    months
+        Number of trailing calendar months to include in the ``monthly``
+        sparkline series (default 6 — matches the existing frontend
+        ``MONTHS_BACK`` constant).
+    top_n_providers
+        How many providers to include in the ``topProviders`` array
+        (default 4 — matches the existing Dashboard layout).
+    top_n_denials
+        How many most-recent denied claims to include in the
+        ``topDenials`` array (default 5).
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    dict with keys:
+
+    - ``totals``: aggregate counts + dollar sums + rates for the whole DB.
+    - ``monthly``: list of ``{month, label, count, billed, received,
+      denied, denialRate, ar}`` dicts, oldest-first, length = ``months``.
+      ``ar`` is the running outstanding accounts-receivable (billed -
+      received) carried forward across months, clamped at zero.
+    - ``topProviders``: list of ``{npi, label, claimCount, billed,
+      denied}`` dicts, sorted by claimCount desc.
+    - ``topDenials``: list of ``{id, patientName, billedAmount,
+      denialReason, submissionDate}`` dicts, sorted by submissionDate
+      desc, capped at ``top_n_denials``.
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    - Empty DB returns zero-filled aggregates, an empty ``monthly`` array
+      (one entry per requested month), an empty ``topProviders`` array,
+      and an empty ``topDenials`` array.
+    - ``received`` for a claim is sourced from the matched Remittance's
+      ``total_paid`` column. Claims without a matched remittance
+      contribute 0 to the received sum (and thus inflate the
+      outstanding-AR figure, which is the correct operator-visible
+      semantic — "money we haven't been told was paid yet").
+    """
+    # Pre-build the trailing-N-months skeleton so the response always has
+    # exactly ``months`` entries even when the DB is empty or sparse.
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    skeleton: list[dict] = []
+    for i in range(months - 1, -1, -1):
+        d = now.replace(day=1)
+        # Walk backwards N months without ``relativedelta``.
+        for _ in range(i):
+            prev_month = d.month - 1
+            if prev_month == 0:
+                d = d.replace(year=d.year - 1, month=12)
+            else:
+                d = d.replace(month=prev_month)
+        skeleton.append({
+            "month": f"{d.year:04d}-{d.month:02d}",
+            "label": d.strftime("%b"),
+            "count": 0,
+            "billed": 0.0,
+            "received": 0.0,
+            "denied": 0,
+            "ar": 0.0,
+        })
+    skeleton_index = {entry["month"]: entry for entry in skeleton}
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        # ``Claim.batch`` is a lazy ``relationship`` (default
+        # ``lazy="select"``); without ``selectinload`` each access to
+        # ``r.batch`` in the reduce loop below issues a fresh
+        # ``SELECT ... FROM batches WHERE id=?``. ``selectinload``
+        # pulls every distinct batch in one round-trip instead of N+1
+        # — critical for the 60k-claim dataset.
+        from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
+        claims: list[Claim] = (
+            s.query(Claim)
+            .options(selectinload(Claim.batch))
+            .all()
+        )
+
+        # Bulk-load matched-remit total_paid so a 60k-claim DB doesn't
+        # produce a 60k-query N+1.
+        matched_ids = [
+            r.matched_remittance_id
+            for r in claims
+            if r.matched_remittance_id
+        ]
+        received_by_remit: dict[str, float] = {}
+        if matched_ids:
+            for rid, total_paid in (
+                s.query(Remittance.id, Remittance.total_paid)
+                .filter(Remittance.id.in_(matched_ids))
+                .all()
+            ):
+                received_by_remit[rid] = float(total_paid or 0)
+
+        # Per-provider accumulator for the topProviders leaderboard.
+        provider_counts: dict[str, int] = {}
+        provider_billed: dict[str, float] = {}
+        provider_denied: dict[str, int] = {}
+
+        # Per-month accumulator + totals in a single pass.
+        total_count = 0
+        total_billed = 0.0
+        total_received = 0.0
+        denied_count = 0
+        pending_count = 0
+
+        # Collect denied candidates as we walk so we don't issue a
+        # second pass for the topDenials array.
+        denied_candidates: list[dict] = []
+
+        for r in claims:
+            billed = float(r.charge_amount or 0)
+            received = received_by_remit.get(r.matched_remittance_id, 0.0)
+            state_str = _claim_state_str(r)
+
+            total_count += 1
+            total_billed += billed
+            total_received += received
+            if state_str == "denied":
+                denied_count += 1
+                # Drop denied claims with no ``submissionDate`` — they'd
+                # sort first under reverse-lex (empty string < ISO) and
+                # render as "Invalid Date" in the Dashboard. A denial
+                # without a batch is exceptional and operator-irrelevant
+                # for the "recent denials" widget.
+                if r.batch is None or r.batch.parsed_at is None:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    raw = r.raw_json or {}
+                    sub = raw.get("subscriber", {})
+                    denied_candidates.append({
+                        "id": r.id,
+                        "patientName": (
+                            f"{sub.get('first_name', '')} "
+                            f"{sub.get('last_name', '')}".strip()
+                        ),
+                        "billedAmount": billed,
+                        "denialReason": r.rejection_reason,
+                        "submissionDate": (
+                            r.batch.parsed_at
+                            .isoformat()
+                            .replace("+00:00", "Z")
+                        ),
+                    })
+            if state_str in _DASHBOARD_PENDING_STATES:
+                pending_count += 1
+
+            # Monthly bin. ``submissionDate`` lives on the parent Batch
+            # (all claims in a batch share a parsed_at). Use UTC year-month
+            # to match the skeleton.
+            if r.batch is not None and r.batch.parsed_at is not None:
+                pa = r.batch.parsed_at
+                key = f"{pa.year:04d}-{pa.month:02d}"
+                bucket = skeleton_index.get(key)
+                if bucket is not None:
+                    bucket["count"] += 1
+                    bucket["billed"] += billed
+                    bucket["received"] += received
+                    if state_str == "denied":
+                        bucket["denied"] += 1
+
+            # Provider bin (keyed on NPI).
+            npi = r.provider_npi or ""
+            if npi:
+                provider_counts[npi] = provider_counts.get(npi, 0) + 1
+                provider_billed[npi] = provider_billed.get(npi, 0.0) + billed
+                if state_str == "denied":
+                    provider_denied[npi] = provider_denied.get(npi, 0) + 1
+
+        # Compute denial rate per month + running AR.
+        running_ar = 0.0
+        for entry in skeleton:
+            if entry["count"] > 0:
+                entry["denialRate"] = (entry["denied"] / entry["count"]) * 100.0
+            else:
+                entry["denialRate"] = 0.0
+            running_ar = max(0.0, running_ar + entry["billed"] - entry["received"])
+            entry["ar"] = running_ar
+
+        # Resolve top provider labels from the Provider table in one
+        # round-trip. NPIs without a Provider row still appear in the
+        # leaderboard with an empty label so operators can see
+        # "unknown-NPI" claims are coming from somewhere.
+        # Local import keeps the module-level ``cyclone.providers.Provider``
+        # Pydantic DTO and the SQLAlchemy ``cyclone.db.Provider`` ORM
+        # separate (same pattern as ``list_providers`` / ``upsert_provider``).
+        provider_labels: dict[str, str] = {}
+        if provider_counts:
+            from cyclone.db import Provider as ProviderORM
+            for npi, label in (
+                s.query(ProviderORM.npi, ProviderORM.label).filter(
+                    ProviderORM.npi.in_(provider_counts.keys())
+                ).all()
+            ):
+                provider_labels[npi] = label or ""
+
+        top_providers = sorted(
+            provider_counts.items(),
+            key=lambda kv: kv[1],
+            reverse=True,
+        )[: max(0, top_n_providers)]
+        top_providers_out = [
+            {
+                "npi": npi,
+                "label": provider_labels.get(npi, ""),
+                "claimCount": count,
+                "billed": round(provider_billed.get(npi, 0.0), 2),
+                "denied": provider_denied.get(npi, 0),
+            }
+            for npi, count in top_providers
+        ]
+
+        # Top denials = most recently submitted denied claims, capped at
+        # ``top_n_denials``. submissionDate is ISO-8601 so lex sort ==
+        # chronological sort when timestamps share a tz.
+        denied_candidates.sort(key=lambda d: d["submissionDate"], reverse=True)
+        top_denials = denied_candidates[: max(0, top_n_denials)]
+
+    total_denial_rate = (
+        (denied_count / total_count) * 100.0 if total_count > 0 else 0.0
+    )
+    return {
+        "totals": {
+            "count": total_count,
+            "billed": round(total_billed, 2),
+            "received": round(total_received, 2),
+            "outstandingAr": round(max(0.0, total_billed - total_received), 2),
+            "denied": denied_count,
+            "denialRate": round(total_denial_rate, 4),
+            "pending": pending_count,
+        },
+        "monthly": [
+            {
+                "month": e["month"],
+                "label": e["label"],
+                "count": e["count"],
+                "billed": round(e["billed"], 2),
+                "received": round(e["received"], 2),
+                "denied": e["denied"],
+                "denialRate": round(e["denialRate"], 4),
+                "ar": round(e["ar"], 2),
+            }
+            for e in skeleton
+        ],
+        "topProviders": top_providers_out,
+        "topDenials": top_denials,
+    }
+
+

backend/src/cyclone/store/orm_builders.py

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+"""ORM row builders — convert parser output into SQLAlchemy ORM rows.
+
+Each function returns an unsaved ORM object (or inserts related rows
+within an existing session). They never commit or close the session —
+the caller (``write.add_record``, ``acks.add_ack``, etc.) owns the
+transaction boundary.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import Claim, ClaimState, Remittance
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ClaimOutput
+from cyclone.parsers.models_835 import ClaimPayment
+
+from . import utcnow
+
+
+def _service_dates_from_claim(claim: ClaimOutput) -> tuple[date | None, date | None]:
+    """Extract (service_date_from, service_date_to) from a ClaimOutput.
+
+    The 837P model has ``service_lines[*].service_date`` (one per SV1).
+    We use the earliest as ``from`` and the latest as ``to``; if there
+    are no service lines, both are ``None``.
+    """
+    dates: list[date] = []
+    for sl in claim.service_lines:
+        if sl.service_date is not None:
+            dates.append(sl.service_date)
+    if not dates:
+        return None, None
+    return min(dates), max(dates)
+
+
+def _claim_837_row(claim: ClaimOutput, batch_id: str) -> Claim:
+    """Build a Claim ORM row from a ClaimOutput. NOT yet persisted."""
+    d_from, d_to = _service_dates_from_claim(claim)
+    return Claim(
+        id=claim.claim_id,
+        batch_id=batch_id,
+        # SP27 Task 17: Claim.patient_control_number must hold the CLM01
+        # claim_submittr's_identifier the 837 sent — that's the value the
+        # 835 echoes in CLP01, which the reconcile matcher joins on
+        # (reconcile.py:by_pcn), and what 999 / 277CA ACK lookups also
+        # use to cross-reference the original claim. Storing
+        # subscriber.member_id here (the 2010BA NM109) silently broke
+        # every auto-match in production.
+        patient_control_number=claim.claim_id or "",
+        service_date_from=d_from,
+        service_date_to=d_to,
+        charge_amount=Decimal(claim.claim.total_charge or 0),
+        provider_npi=claim.billing_provider.npi,
+        # SP32: wire NM1*82 (Loop 2420A) rendering provider NPI from
+        # ClaimOutput (T3 parser extraction) into the typed ORM column
+        # (T1 migration 0019). Falls back to None if absent.
+        rendering_provider_npi=claim.rendering_provider_npi,
+        payer_id=claim.payer.id,
+        state=ClaimState.SUBMITTED,
+        raw_json=json.loads(claim.model_dump_json()),
+    )
+
+
+def _remittance_835_row(cp: ClaimPayment, batch_id: str) -> Remittance:
+    """Build a Remittance ORM row from a ClaimPayment. NOT yet persisted."""
+    received_at = utcnow()
+    # Adjustment amount: sum the CAS rows for the first service line.
+    # NOTE: This is a best-effort placeholder used until the reconciliation
+    # pass (T10) overwrites it from the persisted CasAdjustment rows. The
+    # authoritative value comes from `reconcile.run()`, which sums
+    # ``CasAdjustment.amount`` per ``remittance_id`` and writes the result
+    # back to ``Remittance.adjustment_amount``. We keep this stub so the
+    # row has a sane value if reconciliation is disabled or fails.
+    adjustment = Decimal("0")
+    if cp.service_payments:
+        sp = cp.service_payments[0]
+        for adj in sp.adjustments:
+            adjustment += adj.amount
+    # Use the first service line's service_date as the remit service_date.
+    service_date: date | None = None
+    if cp.service_payments and cp.service_payments[0].service_date is not None:
+        service_date = cp.service_payments[0].service_date
+    return Remittance(
+        id=cp.payer_claim_control_number,
+        batch_id=batch_id,
+        payer_claim_control_number=cp.payer_claim_control_number,
+        claim_id=None,
+        status_code=cp.status_code,
+        status_label=cp.status_label,
+        total_charge=Decimal(cp.total_charge or 0),
+        total_paid=Decimal(cp.total_paid or 0),
+        patient_responsibility=cp.patient_responsibility,
+        adjustment_amount=adjustment,
+        # SP32: wire NM1*1P (Loop 2100) service provider NPI from
+        # ClaimPayment (T2 parser extraction) into the typed ORM column
+        # (T1 migration 0019). Falls back to None if absent.
+        rendering_provider_npi=cp.service_provider_npi,
+        received_at=received_at,
+        service_date=service_date,
+        is_reversal=cp.status_code in ("21", "22"),
+        raw_json=json.loads(cp.model_dump_json()),
+    )
+
+
+def _persist_835_remit(session, cp: "ClaimPayment", remittance_id: str) -> None:
+    """SP7: persist ServiceLinePayment + CAS rows for one CLP composite.
+
+    For each 835 SVC composite in ``cp.service_payments``:
+      - insert a ServiceLinePayment row (line_number, procedure, modifiers,
+        charge, payment, units, service_date).
+      - flush to populate slp.id.
+      - insert each per-SVC CAS adjustment with ``service_line_payment_id``
+        set to slp.id.
+
+    For CLP-level CAS adjustments (``cp.claim_adjustments``, a future
+    extension; not produced by today's 835 parser but allowed by the spec):
+      - insert CAS rows with ``service_line_payment_id IS NULL``.
+
+    The caller controls the transaction; this function does not commit.
+    The 835 ingest site calls this after ``_remittance_835_row`` is
+    flushed so the FK target is populated.
+    """
+    import json as _json
+    from cyclone.db import ServiceLinePayment, CasAdjustment
+
+    for svc in cp.service_payments:
+        slp = ServiceLinePayment(
+            remittance_id=remittance_id,
+            line_number=svc.line_number,
+            procedure_qualifier=svc.procedure_qualifier,
+            procedure_code=svc.procedure_code,
+            modifiers_json=_json.dumps(svc.modifiers or []),
+            charge=Decimal(str(svc.charge)),
+            payment=Decimal(str(svc.payment)),
+            units=Decimal(str(svc.units)) if svc.units is not None else None,
+            unit_type=svc.unit_type,
+            service_date=svc.service_date,
+            ref_benefit_plan=svc.ref_benefit_plan,
+        )
+        session.add(slp)
+        session.flush()  # populate slp.id for the FK below
+
+        for adj in svc.adjustments:
+            quantity = getattr(adj, "quantity", None)
+            session.add(CasAdjustment(
+                remittance_id=remittance_id,
+                group_code=adj.group_code,
+                reason_code=adj.reason_code,
+                amount=Decimal(str(adj.amount)),
+                quantity=Decimal(str(quantity)) if quantity is not None else None,
+                service_line_payment_id=slp.id,
+            ))
+
+    # CLP-level CAS (no SVC composite to attach to). Today's parser does
+    # not produce these; the branch is forward-compatible.
+    for adj in getattr(cp, "claim_adjustments", []) or []:
+        quantity = getattr(adj, "quantity", None)
+        session.add(CasAdjustment(
+            remittance_id=remittance_id,
+            group_code=adj.group_code,
+            reason_code=adj.reason_code,
+            amount=Decimal(str(adj.amount)),
+            quantity=Decimal(str(quantity)) if quantity is not None else None,
+            service_line_payment_id=None,
+        ))
+
+
+def _claim_status_from_validation(claim: ClaimOutput) -> str:
+    """Re-implement the in-memory status rules (sub-project 1 §6.2)."""
+    v = claim.validation
+    if not v.passed:
+        has_r050 = any(e.rule == "R050_diagnosis_present" for e in v.errors)
+        return "draft" if has_r050 else "denied"
+    if claim.claim.frequency_code == "1":
+        return "submitted"
+    if v.warnings:
+        return "pending"
+    return "draft"

backend/src/cyclone/store/providers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+"""Provider, payer, and clearhouse configuration reads and upserts.
+
+The ``providers`` and ``payers`` modules in ``cyclone`` provide the
+ORM-row DTOs; this module is the read/upsert surface over them.
+``ensure_clearhouse_seeded`` is called at startup to insert the
+default Clearhouse row if missing.
+"""
+
+import json
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.providers import Clearhouse, Payer, Provider
+
+from . import utcnow
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP9: providers / payers / payer_configs / clearhouse
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def list_providers(*, is_active: bool | None = True) -> list[Provider]:
+    """List providers. ``is_active=None`` returns all."""
+    from cyclone.db import Provider as ProviderORM
+    from cyclone.providers import Provider
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        q = s.query(ProviderORM)
+        if is_active is not None:
+            q = q.filter(ProviderORM.is_active == (1 if is_active else 0))
+        rows = q.order_by(ProviderORM.label).all()
+        return [Provider.model_validate(_provider_orm_to_dict(r)) for r in rows]
+
+def get_provider(npi: str) -> Provider | None:
+    from cyclone.db import Provider as ProviderORM
+    from cyclone.providers import Provider
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(ProviderORM, npi)
+        return Provider.model_validate(_provider_orm_to_dict(row)) if row else None
+
+def upsert_provider(provider: Provider) -> Provider:
+    from cyclone.db import Provider as ProviderORM
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(ProviderORM, provider.npi)
+        now = utcnow().isoformat()
+        if row is None:
+            row = ProviderORM(
+                npi=provider.npi, label=provider.label,
+                legal_name=provider.legal_name, tax_id=provider.tax_id,
+                taxonomy_code=provider.taxonomy_code,
+                address_line1=provider.address_line1,
+                address_line2=provider.address_line2,
+                city=provider.city, state=provider.state, zip=provider.zip,
+                is_active=1 if provider.is_active else 0,
+                created_at=provider.created_at.isoformat(),
+                updated_at=now,
+            )
+            s.add(row)
+        else:
+            row.label = provider.label
+            row.legal_name = provider.legal_name
+            row.tax_id = provider.tax_id
+            row.taxonomy_code = provider.taxonomy_code
+            row.address_line1 = provider.address_line1
+            row.address_line2 = provider.address_line2
+            row.city = provider.city
+            row.state = provider.state
+            row.zip = provider.zip
+            row.is_active = 1 if provider.is_active else 0
+            row.updated_at = now
+        s.commit()
+    return get_provider(provider.npi)  # type: ignore[return-value]
+
+def list_payers(*, is_active: bool | None = True) -> list[Payer]:
+    from cyclone.db import Payer as PayerORM
+    from cyclone.providers import Payer
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        q = s.query(PayerORM)
+        if is_active is not None:
+            q = q.filter(PayerORM.is_active == (1 if is_active else 0))
+        rows = q.order_by(PayerORM.payer_id).all()
+        return [Payer.model_validate(_payer_orm_to_dict(r)) for r in rows]
+
+def get_payer_config(payer_id: str, transaction_type: str) -> dict | None:
+    from cyclone.db import PayerConfigORM
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(PayerConfigORM, (payer_id, transaction_type))
+        return dict(row.config_json) if row else None
+
+def get_clearhouse() -> Clearhouse | None:
+    from cyclone.db import ClearhouseORM
+    from cyclone.providers import Clearhouse
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(ClearhouseORM, 1)
+        if row is None:
+            return None
+        return Clearhouse.model_validate({
+            "id": 1,
+            "name": row.name,
+            "tpid": row.tpid,
+            "submitter_name": row.submitter_name,
+            "submitter_id_qual": row.submitter_id_qual,
+            "submitter_contact_name": row.submitter_contact_name,
+            "submitter_contact_email": row.submitter_contact_email,
+            "filename_block": dict(row.filename_block_json),
+            "sftp_block": dict(row.sftp_block_json),
+            "updated_at": row.updated_at,
+        })
+
+def update_clearhouse(block: Clearhouse) -> Clearhouse:
+    """Replace the singleton clearhouse row. SP25.
+
+    Used by ``PATCH /api/clearhouse`` to flip ``sftp_block.stub``
+    and adjust host/port/paths without touching SQLite directly.
+    Raises ``LookupError`` if the singleton row is missing — the
+    caller is expected to run the lifespan seed first.
+    """
+    from cyclone.db import ClearhouseORM
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(ClearhouseORM, 1)
+        if row is None:
+            raise LookupError(
+                "clearhouse singleton row missing; run the lifespan "
+                "seed (ensure_clearhouse_seeded) before PATCH /api/clearhouse"
+            )
+        row.name = block.name
+        row.tpid = block.tpid
+        row.submitter_name = block.submitter_name
+        row.submitter_id_qual = block.submitter_id_qual
+        row.submitter_contact_name = block.submitter_contact_name
+        row.submitter_contact_email = block.submitter_contact_email
+        row.filename_block_json = json.loads(
+            json.dumps(block.filename_block.model_dump())
+        )
+        row.sftp_block_json = json.loads(
+            json.dumps(block.sftp_block.model_dump())
+        )
+        row.updated_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()
+        s.commit()
+        return Clearhouse.model_validate({
+            "id": 1,
+            "name": row.name,
+            "tpid": row.tpid,
+            "submitter_name": row.submitter_name,
+            "submitter_id_qual": row.submitter_id_qual,
+            "submitter_contact_name": row.submitter_contact_name,
+            "submitter_contact_email": row.submitter_contact_email,
+            "filename_block": dict(row.filename_block_json),
+            "sftp_block": dict(row.sftp_block_json),
+            "updated_at": row.updated_at,
+        })
+
+def ensure_clearhouse_seeded() -> None:
+    """Insert the default clearhouse singleton + 3 providers + CO_TXIX payer
+    if they don't exist. Idempotent. Called from the API lifespan."""
+    from cyclone.db import ClearhouseORM, Payer as PayerORM, PayerConfigORM, Provider as ProviderORM
+    from cyclone.providers import Clearhouse
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        if s.get(ClearhouseORM, 1) is None:
+            ch = Clearhouse(
+                id=1,
+                name="dzinesco",
+                tpid="11525703",
+                submitter_name="Dzinesco",
+                submitter_id_qual="46",
+                submitter_contact_name="Tyler Martinez",
+                submitter_contact_email="tyler@dzinesco.com",
+                filename_block={
+                    "tz": "America/Denver",
+                    "outbound_template": "tp{tpid}-{tx}-{ts_mt}-1of1.{ext}",
+                    "inbound_template": "TP{tpid}-{orig_tx}_M{tracking}-{ts}-1of1_{file_type}.x12",
+                },
+                sftp_block={
+                    "host": "mft.gainwelltechnologies.com",
+                    "port": 22,
+                    "username": "colorado-fts\\coxix_prod_11525703",
+                    "paths": {
+                        "outbound": "/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/ToHPE",
+                        "inbound": "/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/FromHPE",
+                    },
+                    "stub": True,
+                    "staging_dir": "./var/sftp/staging",
+                    "poll_seconds": 300,
+                    "auth": {"method": "keychain", "secret_ref": "sftp.gainwell.password"},
+                },
+                updated_at=utcnow(),
+            )
+            s.add(ClearhouseORM(
+                id=1,
+                name=ch.name,
+                tpid=ch.tpid,
+                submitter_name=ch.submitter_name,
+                submitter_id_qual=ch.submitter_id_qual,
+                submitter_contact_name=ch.submitter_contact_name,
+                submitter_contact_email=ch.submitter_contact_email,
+                filename_block_json=ch.filename_block.model_dump(),
+                sftp_block_json=ch.sftp_block.model_dump(),
+                updated_at=ch.updated_at.isoformat(),
+            ))
+
+        # Seed 3 providers (idempotent)
+        from cyclone.providers import Provider
+        now = utcnow().isoformat()
+        for npi, label in [
+            ("1881068062", "Montrose"),
+            ("1851446637", "Delta"),
+            ("1467507269", "Salida"),
+        ]:
+            if s.get(ProviderORM, npi) is None:
+                s.add(ProviderORM(
+                    npi=npi,
+                    label=label,
+                    legal_name="TOC, Inc.",
+                    tax_id="721587149",
+                    taxonomy_code="251E00000X",
+                    address_line1="1100 East Main St",
+                    address_line2="Suite A",
+                    city="Montrose",
+                    state="CO",
+                    zip="814014063",
+                    is_active=1,
+                    created_at=now,
+                    updated_at=now,
+                ))
+
+        # Seed CO_TXIX payer (idempotent)
+        if s.get(PayerORM, "CO_TXIX") is None:
+            s.add(PayerORM(
+                payer_id="CO_TXIX",
+                name="Colorado Medical Assistance Program",
+                receiver_name="COLORADO MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM",
+                receiver_id="COMEDASSISTPROG",
+                is_active=1,
+                created_at=now,
+                updated_at=now,
+            ))
+            # 837P config block
+            s.add(PayerConfigORM(
+                payer_id="CO_TXIX",
+                transaction_type="837P",
+                config_json={
+                    "submitter_name": "Dzinesco",
+                    "submitter_contact_name": "Tyler Martinez",
+                    "submitter_contact_email": "tyler@dzinesco.com",
+                    "receiver_name": "COLORADO MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM",
+                    "receiver_id_qualifier": "46",
+                    "receiver_id": "COMEDASSISTPROG",
+                    "bht06_allowed": ["CH", "RP"],
+                    "bht06_default": "CH",
+                    "sbr09_default": "MC",
+                    "sbr09_allowed": ["MC", "16", "MA", "MB", "ZZ"],
+                    "payer_id_qualifier": "PI",
+                    "payer_id": "CO_TXIX",
+                    "pwk_supported": False,
+                    "cas_2320_group_allowed": False,
+                    "claim_type_codes": {"11": "Office", "12": "Home", "99": "Other"},
+                },
+                updated_at=now,
+            ))
+            # 835 config block
+            s.add(PayerConfigORM(
+                payer_id="CO_TXIX",
+                transaction_type="835",
+                config_json={
+                    "expected_payer_tax_ids": [
+                        "81-1725341", "811725341", "84-0644739",
+                        "840644739", "1811725341",
+                    ],
+                    "expected_payer_health_plan_id": "7912900843",
+                    "payer_name_pattern": "^CO_(TXIX|BHA)$",
+                },
+                updated_at=now,
+            ))
+
+        s.commit()
+
+
+
+
+def _provider_orm_to_dict(row) -> dict:
+    return {
+        "npi": row.npi,
+        "label": row.label,
+        "legal_name": row.legal_name,
+        "tax_id": row.tax_id,
+        "taxonomy_code": row.taxonomy_code,
+        "address_line1": row.address_line1,
+        "address_line2": row.address_line2,
+        "city": row.city,
+        "state": row.state,
+        "zip": row.zip,
+        "is_active": bool(row.is_active),
+        "created_at": row.created_at,
+        "updated_at": row.updated_at,
+    }
+
+
+def _payer_orm_to_dict(row) -> dict:
+    return {
+        "payer_id": row.payer_id,
+        "name": row.name,
+        "receiver_name": row.receiver_name,
+        "receiver_id": row.receiver_id,
+        "is_active": bool(row.is_active),
+        "created_at": row.created_at,
+        "updated_at": row.updated_at,
+    }
+

backend/src/cyclone/store/records.py

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+"""Pydantic models for parsed-batch records.
+
+``BatchRecord`` is the union type; ``BatchRecord837`` and ``BatchRecord835``
+narrow ``result`` to the parser-specific output types. Construction of
+``BatchRecord(kind="837p", ...)`` dispatches to ``BatchRecord837`` via
+``__new__`` so isinstance checks downstream narrow ``result`` correctly.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any, Literal
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, model_validator
+
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ParseResult
+from cyclone.parsers.models_835 import ParseResult835
+
+BatchKind = Literal["837p", "835"]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# BatchRecord: value object preserved from sub-project 1.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class BatchRecord(BaseModel):
+    """One parsed file, with a stable uuid4 id and the full ParseResult.
+
+    ``result`` is a union: ``ParseResult`` for ``kind="837p"`` and
+    ``ParseResult835`` for ``kind="835"``. The concrete subclasses
+    ``BatchRecord837`` and ``BatchRecord835`` narrow those fields, so
+    callers that want type-checked access should use them and check
+    ``isinstance`` rather than pattern-matching on ``kind``.
+
+    Constructing ``BatchRecord(kind="837p", ...)`` dispatches to
+    ``BatchRecord837``; ``kind="835"`` dispatches to ``BatchRecord835``.
+    This lets the union-member narrowing work transparently.
+    """
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="ignore")
+
+    id: str
+    kind: BatchKind
+    input_filename: str
+    parsed_at: datetime  # tz-aware UTC
+    result: ParseResult | ParseResult835
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> BatchRecord837 | BatchRecord835 | BatchRecord:
+        # Dispatch base-class construction to the right concrete subclass
+        # so isinstance checks downstream narrow `result` correctly.
+        if cls is BatchRecord:
+            kind = kwargs.get("kind")
+            if kind is None and args and isinstance(args[0], dict):
+                kind = args[0].get("kind")
+            if kind == "837p":
+                return BatchRecord837(*args, **kwargs)
+            if kind == "835":
+                return BatchRecord835(*args, **kwargs)
+        return super().__new__(cls)
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _check_parsed_at_tz(self) -> BatchRecord:
+        if self.parsed_at.tzinfo is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "parsed_at must be tz-aware (use datetime.now(timezone.utc))"
+            )
+        return self
+
+
+class BatchRecord837(BatchRecord):
+    """A parsed 837P (professional claim) batch."""
+
+    kind: Literal["837p"] = "837p"
+    result: ParseResult
+
+
+class BatchRecord835(BatchRecord):
+    """A parsed 835 (remittance advice) batch."""
+
+    kind: Literal["835"] = "835"
+    result: ParseResult835

backend/src/cyclone/store/ui.py

@@ -0,0 +1,683 @@
+"""UI serialization helpers — convert ORM rows to API-shaped dicts.
+
+These are the boundary between the persistence layer and the wire format
+consumed by the React frontend. Keep them stable: any rename or
+shape change ripples to every API consumer.
+
+Also hosts ``utcnow()`` (the tz-aware UTC now) because it's a small
+free function that several modules want and there's no better home.
+
+SP25: ``to_ui_ack`` / ``to_ui_ta1_ack`` / ``to_ui_two77ca_ack`` were
+moved here from ``api_routers/acks.py`` / ``api_routers/ta1_acks.py``
+/ ``api.py`` so the live-tail event payload matches the list endpoint
+shape byte-for-byte. The seam between persistence and streaming
+depends on the two halves staying in sync.
+
+SP28 adds ``to_ui_claim_ack`` for the same reason — the
+``claim_ack_written`` event payload must match the
+``GET /api/acks/{kind}/{id}/claims`` list shape byte-for-byte.
+
+moved here from ``api_routers/acks.py`` / ``api_routers/ta1_acks.py``
+/ ``api.py`` so the live-tail event payload can match the list endpoint
+shape byte-for-byte. The seam between persistence and streaming
+depends on the two halves staying in sync.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from decimal import Decimal
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import Claim, ClaimAck, Remittance
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ClaimOutput
+from cyclone.parsers.models_835 import ClaimPayment
+from cyclone.parsers.payer import PayerConfig835
+
+from .orm_builders import _claim_status_from_validation
+
+
+def to_ui_claim(
+    claim: ClaimOutput,
+    *,
+    batch_id: str,
+    parsed_at: datetime,
+) -> dict:
+    """Map a 837P ClaimOutput to the UI's `Claim` shape (preserved)."""
+    parsed_iso = parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+    return {
+        "id": claim.claim_id,
+        "patientName": f"{claim.subscriber.first_name} {claim.subscriber.last_name}".strip(),
+        "providerNpi": claim.billing_provider.npi,
+        "payerName": claim.payer.name,
+        "cptCode": (
+            claim.service_lines[0].procedure.code
+            if claim.service_lines
+            else ""
+        ),
+        "billedAmount": float(claim.claim.total_charge or 0.0),
+        "receivedAmount": 0.0,
+        "status": _claim_status_from_validation(claim),
+        "denialReason": None,
+        "submissionDate": parsed_iso,
+        "batchId": batch_id,
+        "parsedAt": parsed_iso,
+    }
+
+
+def to_ui_remittance(
+    cp: ClaimPayment,
+    *,
+    batch_id: str,
+    parsed_at: datetime,
+    payer_config: PayerConfig835 | None = None,
+    payer_name: str = "",
+) -> dict:
+    """Map an 835 ClaimPayment to the UI's `Remittance` shape (preserved)."""
+    code = cp.status_code
+    if code in {"21", "22"}:
+        status = "reconciled"
+    else:
+        status = "received"
+
+    denial_reason: str | None = None
+    if code == "4" and cp.service_payments:
+        sp = cp.service_payments[0]
+        if sp.adjustments:
+            adj = sp.adjustments[0]
+            denial_reason = (
+                f"{adj.group_code}-{adj.reason_code}: ${float(adj.amount):.2f}"
+            )
+
+    cfg = payer_config if payer_config is not None else PayerConfig835.generic_835()
+    validation_warnings: list[str] = []
+    if code not in cfg.allowed_status_codes:
+        validation_warnings.append(
+            f"CLP02 code {code} not in payer allowlist"
+        )
+
+    # Aggregate adjustmentAmount across ALL service-line CAS rows, not just
+    # the first line. Mirrors the SUM the reconcile aggregator (T10)
+    # computes against persisted CasAdjustment rows; this inline version
+    # is the write-path equivalent (used when streaming 835 NDJSON
+    # responses before persistence finishes).
+    adjustment_total = Decimal("0")
+    for sp in cp.service_payments:
+        for adj in sp.adjustments:
+            adjustment_total += adj.amount
+
+    parsed_iso = parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+    return {
+        "id": cp.payer_claim_control_number,
+        "claimId": cp.original_claim_id or "",
+        "payerName": payer_name,
+        "paidAmount": float(cp.total_paid or 0.0),
+        "adjustmentAmount": float(adjustment_total),
+        "status": status,
+        "denialReason": denial_reason,
+        "validationWarnings": validation_warnings,
+        "receivedDate": parsed_iso,
+        "batchId": batch_id,
+        "parsedAt": parsed_iso,
+    }
+
+
+def to_ui_claim_from_orm(
+    row: Claim,
+    *,
+    batch_id: str,
+    parsed_at: datetime,
+    received_total: float = 0.0,
+) -> dict:
+    """Map an ORM ``Claim`` row to the UI's claim shape.
+
+    ``to_ui_claim`` takes a Pydantic ``ClaimOutput`` (used on the write path
+    during 837 ingest). For read paths — list_unmatched, manual_match return
+    values — we already have the ORM row and the serialized fields it
+    carries in ``raw_json``. Reading from ``raw_json`` keeps the UI shape
+    in sync with the original 837 parse without re-deserializing to a
+    Pydantic model.
+
+    Adds two fields ``to_ui_claim`` doesn't emit: ``state`` (the
+    reconciliation state machine value) and ``matchedRemittanceId`` (the
+    FK to the paired remittance, or None). Both are required by the UI.
+    """
+    raw = row.raw_json or {}
+    bp = raw.get("billing_provider", {})
+    payer_obj = raw.get("payer", {})
+    sub = raw.get("subscriber", {})
+    service_lines = raw.get("service_lines", [])
+    parsed_iso = parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+    cpt = (
+        service_lines[0].get("procedure", {}).get("code", "")
+        if service_lines
+        else ""
+    )
+    state_value = (
+        row.state.value if hasattr(row.state, "value") else str(row.state)
+    )
+    return {
+        "id": row.id,
+        "state": state_value,
+        "billedAmount": float(row.charge_amount or 0),
+        "patientName": (
+            f"{sub.get('first_name', '')} {sub.get('last_name', '')}".strip()
+        ),
+        "providerNpi": bp.get("npi") or row.provider_npi or "",
+        "payerName": payer_obj.get("name") or "",
+        "cptCode": cpt,
+        "submissionDate": parsed_iso,
+        "parsedAt": parsed_iso,
+        "status": state_value,
+        "matchedRemittanceId": row.matched_remittance_id,
+        "batchId": batch_id,
+        # Parity with ``to_ui_claim``'s shape — the UI tolerates extra keys
+        # but expects these on freshly-loaded rows from /api/claims too.
+        # ``received_total`` comes from the matched Remittance row when one
+        # exists; callers that don't pre-compute it (write path, unmatched
+        # list) get the default of 0.0 — which matches the unmapped state.
+        "receivedAmount": float(received_total),
+        "denialReason": None,
+    }
+
+
+# Max number of ActivityEvent rows surfaced in the detail drawer's
+# state history. The spec caps it at 50; a higher claim volume (manual
+# match/unmatch thrash) just shows the 50 most recent. Exposed as a
+# module constant so the endpoint layer can pass it through as a
+# default if it ever supports a `?limit=N` query param.
+CLAIM_DETAIL_HISTORY_LIMIT = 50
+
+
+def _iso_z(value: datetime | None) -> str:
+    """Format a tz-aware-or-naive UTC datetime as ISO-8601 with trailing Z.
+
+    The DB columns are declared ``DateTime(timezone=True)`` and rows are
+    stored UTC at write time, but SQLite drops the tzinfo on read
+    (returning a naive ``datetime``). Re-attach UTC for naive values
+    so the spec contract holds: every ISO datetime field ends in Z.
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return ""
+    if value.tzinfo is None:
+        value = value.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    return value.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+
+
+def to_ui_ack(row: db.Ack) -> dict:
+    """Map an ``Ack`` ORM row to the UI shape used by ``/api/acks``.
+
+    Field names match the rest of the Cyclone API (snake_case). The
+    frontend ``useAcks`` hook re-shapes this to the camelCase ``Ack``
+    interface in ``src/types/index.ts``.
+
+    Adds ``patient_control_number`` pulled from ``raw_json`` so the
+    operator can correlate each 999 back to the original claim batch.
+
+    SP25: this was previously ``api_routers/acks._ack_to_ui``. Moved
+    here so the live-tail event payload (``ack_received``) matches the
+    list-endpoint shape — the seam between persistence and streaming
+    depends on byte-for-byte equality.
+    """
+    body = {
+        "id": row.id,
+        "source_batch_id": row.source_batch_id,
+        "accepted_count": row.accepted_count,
+        "rejected_count": row.rejected_count,
+        "received_count": row.received_count,
+        "ack_code": row.ack_code,
+        "parsed_at": (
+            row.parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+            if row.parsed_at is not None
+            else ""
+        ),
+        "patient_control_number": None,
+    }
+    raw = row.raw_json or {}
+    try:
+        set_responses = raw.get("set_responses") or []
+        if set_responses:
+            body["patient_control_number"] = set_responses[0].get("set_control_number")
+    except (AttributeError, TypeError):
+        pass
+    return body
+
+
+def to_ui_ta1_ack(row: db.Ta1Ack) -> dict:
+    """Map a ``Ta1Ack`` ORM row to the UI shape used by ``/api/ta1-acks``.
+
+    SP25: this was previously ``api_routers/ta1_acks._ta1_to_ui``.
+    Moved here so the live-tail event payload (``ta1_ack_received``)
+    matches the list-endpoint shape byte-for-byte.
+
+    Note: ``parsed_at`` uses naive ``isoformat()`` (no ``Z`` suffix) —
+    preserved from the original implementation. SQLite strips tzinfo
+    on read, so the field comes back as a naive datetime; we deliberately
+    keep the original (non-``Z``) rendering rather than re-attaching
+    UTC, because changing the wire shape now would drift both halves
+    of the live-tail contract.
+    """
+    return {
+        "id": row.id,
+        "control_number": row.control_number,
+        "ack_code": row.ack_code,
+        "note_code": row.note_code,
+        "interchange_date": row.interchange_date.isoformat()
+            if row.interchange_date else None,
+        "interchange_time": row.interchange_time,
+        "sender_id": row.sender_id,
+        "receiver_id": row.receiver_id,
+        "source_batch_id": row.source_batch_id,
+        "parsed_at": row.parsed_at.isoformat() if row.parsed_at else None,
+    }
+
+
+def to_ui_two77ca_ack(row: db.Two77caAck) -> dict:
+    """Map a ``Two77caAck`` ORM row to the UI shape used by ``/api/277ca-acks``.
+
+    SP25: this was previously ``api._277ca_to_ui`` inlined alongside
+    the 277CA list endpoint. Moved here so the live-tail event
+    payload (``two77ca_ack_received``) matches the list-endpoint
+    shape byte-for-byte.
+
+    Note: ``parsed_at`` uses naive ``isoformat()`` (no ``Z`` suffix) —
+    same SQLite-tzinfo caveat as :func:`to_ui_ta1_ack`.
+    """
+    return {
+        "id": row.id,
+        "control_number": row.control_number,
+        "accepted_count": row.accepted_count,
+        "rejected_count": row.rejected_count,
+        "paid_count": row.paid_count,
+        "pended_count": row.pended_count,
+        "source_batch_id": row.source_batch_id,
+        "parsed_at": row.parsed_at.isoformat() if row.parsed_at else None,
+    }
+
+
+def _address_to_ui(addr: dict | None) -> dict:
+    """Render a raw ``Address`` dict in the spec's parties address shape.
+
+    Returns an empty dict when the source is missing so the UI can
+    branch on the field's presence rather than the value. The spec
+    shape is ``{line1, line2|null, city, state, zip}``.
+    """
+    if not addr:
+        return {}
+    return {
+        "line1": addr.get("line1") or "",
+        "line2": addr.get("line2"),
+        "city": addr.get("city") or "",
+        "state": addr.get("state") or "",
+        "zip": addr.get("zip") or "",
+    }
+
+
+def _validation_issues_to_ui(issues: list[dict] | None) -> list[dict]:
+    """Project ValidationIssue dicts onto the spec's per-issue shape.
+
+    Source includes ``segment_index`` (a parser debug aid) which the
+    spec doesn't surface; we drop it. The endpoint contract is
+    ``{rule, severity, message}`` per issue.
+    """
+    if not issues:
+        return []
+    return [
+        {
+            "rule": issue.get("rule", ""),
+            "severity": issue.get("severity", "error"),
+            "message": issue.get("message", ""),
+        }
+        for issue in issues
+    ]
+
+
+def to_ui_claim_detail(
+    row: Claim,
+    *,
+    batch_id: str,
+    parsed_at: datetime,
+) -> dict:
+    """Map an ORM ``Claim`` row to the SP4 detail-drawer UI shape.
+
+    A superset of :func:`to_ui_claim_from_orm`: same top-level identity
+    fields, plus the full parties / validation / service-lines /
+    diagnoses / raw-segments / service-date / state-label payload that
+    the drawer needs. ``matchedRemittance`` and ``stateHistory`` are
+    *not* filled in here — they require extra queries and are stitched
+    in by :meth:`CycloneStore.get_claim_detail`.
+
+    The mapper is deliberately a pure function (no DB I/O) so the
+    endpoint layer can call it from a worker thread or swap the
+    history/remittance sources for tests without re-implementing the
+    body.
+    """
+    raw = row.raw_json or {}
+    bp = raw.get("billing_provider", {}) or {}
+    payer_obj = raw.get("payer", {}) or {}
+    sub = raw.get("subscriber", {}) or {}
+    service_lines = raw.get("service_lines", []) or []
+    diagnoses = raw.get("diagnoses", []) or []
+    validation = raw.get("validation", {}) or {}
+    raw_segments = raw.get("raw_segments", []) or []
+
+    parsed_iso = parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+    state_value = (
+        row.state.value if hasattr(row.state, "value") else str(row.state)
+    )
+
+    # Service dates come from the dedicated ORM columns (denormalized at
+    # ingest in _claim_837_row so the list views can sort/filter on
+    # them without a JSON parse). ``isoformat()`` on a ``date`` gives
+    # ``YYYY-MM-DD`` — the spec shape.
+    service_date_from_iso = (
+        row.service_date_from.isoformat() if row.service_date_from else None
+    )
+    service_date_to_iso = (
+        row.service_date_to.isoformat() if row.service_date_to else None
+    )
+
+    return {
+        # -- identity + state -----------------------------------------
+        "id": row.id,
+        "batchId": batch_id,
+        "state": state_value,
+        "stateLabel": state_value.capitalize(),
+        # -- money + dates --------------------------------------------
+        "billedAmount": float(row.charge_amount or 0),
+        "serviceDateFrom": service_date_from_iso,
+        "serviceDateTo": service_date_to_iso,
+        "submissionDate": parsed_iso,
+        "parsedAt": parsed_iso,
+        # -- patient / provider / payer -------------------------------
+        "patientName": (
+            f"{sub.get('first_name', '')} {sub.get('last_name', '')}".strip()
+        ),
+        "providerNpi": bp.get("npi") or row.provider_npi or "",
+        "providerName": bp.get("name") or "",
+        "payerName": payer_obj.get("name") or "",
+        "payerId": payer_obj.get("id") or row.payer_id or "",
+        # -- diagnoses ------------------------------------------------
+        "diagnoses": [
+            {
+                "code": d.get("code", ""),
+                "qualifier": d.get("qualifier"),
+            }
+            for d in diagnoses
+        ],
+        # -- service lines --------------------------------------------
+        # ``service_lines[i].procedure`` is a nested dict in the
+        # serialized raw_json; the spec flattens it into the line.
+        # ``charge`` and ``units`` are stored as Decimal via Pydantic
+        # and serialized to string — coerce defensively. ``modifiers``
+        # defaults to [] so the UI doesn't have to handle null.
+        "serviceLines": [
+            {
+                "lineNumber": sl.get("line_number"),
+                "procedureQualifier": (
+                    sl.get("procedure", {}).get("qualifier", "") or ""
+                ),
+                "procedureCode": (
+                    sl.get("procedure", {}).get("code", "") or ""
+                ),
+                "modifiers": list(
+                    sl.get("procedure", {}).get("modifiers") or []
+                ),
+                "charge": float(sl.get("charge") or 0),
+                "units": (
+                    float(sl["units"])
+                    if sl.get("units") is not None
+                    else None
+                ),
+                "unitType": sl.get("unit_type"),
+                "serviceDate": sl.get("service_date"),
+            }
+            for sl in service_lines
+        ],
+        # -- parties --------------------------------------------------
+        "parties": {
+            "billingProvider": {
+                "name": bp.get("name") or "",
+                "npi": bp.get("npi") or "",
+                "taxId": bp.get("tax_id") or "",
+                "address": _address_to_ui(bp.get("address")),
+            },
+            "subscriber": {
+                "firstName": sub.get("first_name") or "",
+                "lastName": sub.get("last_name") or "",
+                "memberId": sub.get("member_id") or "",
+                "dob": sub.get("dob"),
+                "gender": sub.get("gender"),
+            },
+            "payer": {
+                "name": payer_obj.get("name") or "",
+                "id": payer_obj.get("id") or "",
+            },
+        },
+        # -- validation ----------------------------------------------
+        "validation": {
+            "passed": bool(validation.get("passed", True)),
+            "errors": _validation_issues_to_ui(validation.get("errors")),
+            "warnings": _validation_issues_to_ui(validation.get("warnings")),
+        },
+        # -- raw segments (debug aid) --------------------------------
+        "rawSegments": raw_segments,
+        # -- matched remittance (filled by get_claim_detail) ---------
+        "matchedRemittance": None,
+        # -- state history (filled by get_claim_detail) --------------
+        "stateHistory": [],
+    }
+
+
+def to_ui_remittance_from_orm(
+    row: Remittance,
+    *,
+    batch_id: str,
+    parsed_at: datetime,
+) -> dict:
+    """Map an ORM ``Remittance`` row to the UI's remittance shape.
+
+    Same idea as ``to_ui_claim_from_orm``: read the PayerName from the
+    parent batch's ``raw_result_json`` (the ParseResult835 stashed at
+    insert time) since ``Remittance`` itself doesn't carry it.
+    """
+    parsed_iso = parsed_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+    payer_name = ""
+    if row.batch is not None and row.batch.raw_result_json:
+        payer_obj = row.batch.raw_result_json.get("payer", {}) or {}
+        payer_name = payer_obj.get("name") or ""
+    status = (
+        "reconciled" if row.status_code in ("21", "22") else "received"
+    )
+    return {
+        "id": row.id,
+        "payerClaimControlNumber": row.payer_claim_control_number,
+        "claimId": row.claim_id or "",
+        "payerName": payer_name,
+        "paidAmount": float(row.total_paid or 0),
+        "adjustmentAmount": float(row.adjustment_amount or 0),
+        "status": status,
+        "denialReason": None,
+        "validationWarnings": [],
+        "receivedDate": row.received_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z"),
+        "batchId": batch_id,
+        "parsedAt": parsed_iso,
+    }
+
+
+def to_ui_remittance_with_adjustments(
+    row: Remittance,
+    *,
+    batch_id: str,
+    parsed_at: datetime,
+    cas_rows: list["db.CasAdjustment"] | None = None,
+) -> dict:
+    """Same shape as :func:`to_ui_remittance_from_orm` plus an ``adjustments`` array.
+
+    Each persisted ``CasAdjustment`` row is rendered as
+    ``{"group", "reason", "label", "amount", "quantity"}``. The ``label``
+    is resolved through :func:`cyclone.parsers.cas_codes.reason_label`
+    so the UI does not have to ship its own CARC dictionary.
+
+    ``cas_rows`` is optional so callers that don't have the rows handy
+    can still get the base dict; in that case ``adjustments`` is ``[]``.
+    Pass ``cas_rows`` to avoid an extra round-trip; the endpoint at
+    ``GET /api/remittances/{id}`` passes them in to keep this mapper a
+    pure function.
+    """
+    base = to_ui_remittance_from_orm(
+        row, batch_id=batch_id, parsed_at=parsed_at,
+    )
+    if not cas_rows:
+        base["adjustments"] = []
+        return base
+
+    # Lazy import to avoid the circular store ↔ parsers import that
+    # happens on cold start; mirrors the same pattern used elsewhere
+    # in this module.
+    from cyclone.parsers.cas_codes import reason_label
+
+    base["adjustments"] = [
+        {
+            "group": c.group_code,
+            "reason": c.reason_code,
+            "label": reason_label(c.group_code, c.reason_code),
+            "amount": float(c.amount or 0),
+            "quantity": (
+                float(c.quantity) if c.quantity is not None else None
+            ),
+        }
+        for c in cas_rows
+    ]
+    return base
+
+
+def _svc_to_wire_dict(svc) -> dict:
+    """Project an ORM ``ServiceLinePayment`` to the wire format used by
+    the remit drawer's ``serviceLinePayments`` array.
+
+    Mirrors the shape produced by the line-reconciliation endpoint so
+    the UI can render the same components from either source.
+    """
+    import json as _json
+    return {
+        "id": svc.id,
+        "line_number": svc.line_number,
+        "procedure_qualifier": svc.procedure_qualifier,
+        "procedure_code": svc.procedure_code,
+        "modifiers": _json.loads(svc.modifiers_json or "[]"),
+        "charge": str(Decimal(str(svc.charge))),
+        "payment": str(Decimal(str(svc.payment))),
+        "units": str(Decimal(str(svc.units))) if svc.units is not None else None,
+        "unit_type": svc.unit_type,
+        "service_date": svc.service_date.isoformat() if svc.service_date else None,
+    }
+
+
+def to_ui_provider(
+    *,
+    npi: str,
+    name: str,
+    tax_id: str | None = None,
+    address: str | None = None,
+    city: str | None = None,
+    state: str | None = None,
+    zip: str | None = None,
+    phone: str | None = None,
+    claim_count: int = 0,
+    outstanding_ar: float = 0.0,
+) -> dict:
+    return {
+        "npi": npi,
+        "name": name,
+        "taxId": tax_id or "",
+        "address": address or "",
+        "city": city or "",
+        "state": state or "",
+        "zip": zip or "",
+        "phone": phone or "",
+        "claimCount": claim_count,
+        "outstandingAr": float(outstanding_ar),
+    }
+
+
+def to_activity_event(
+    *,
+    id: str,
+    kind: str,
+    message: str,
+    timestamp: datetime,
+    npi: str | None = None,
+    amount: float | None = None,
+) -> dict:
+    return {
+        "id": id,
+        "kind": kind,
+        "message": message,
+        "timestamp": timestamp.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z"),
+        "npi": npi,
+        "amount": amount,
+    }
+
+
+def _date_in_bounds(
+    item: dict,
+    field: str,
+    date_from: str | None,
+    date_to: str | None,
+) -> bool:
+    """True if ``item[field]`` falls within ``[date_from, date_to]``."""
+    val = item.get(field)
+    if val is None:
+        return date_from is None and date_to is None
+    date_part = val[:10]
+    if date_from is not None and date_part < date_from:
+        return False
+    if date_to is not None and date_part > date_to:
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def to_ui_claim_ack(row: ClaimAck) -> dict:
+    """SP28: map a ClaimAck ORM row to the API shape.
+
+    Mirrors the rest of the to_ui_* serializers. The wire shape is
+    identical between the matching list endpoint (``GET /api/acks/{kind}/
+    {id}/claims``) and the ``claim_ack_written`` pubsub event so the
+    live-tail subscribers can rehydrate the snapshot from the bus
+    without diverging from the API response.
+
+    ``claim_state`` is queried via a session round-trip
+    (``SELECT state FROM claims WHERE id = :claim_id``) so the drawer
+    panel can render the colored ClaimStateBadge inline. For TA1 rows
+    with ``claim_id IS NULL`` (batch-level envelope link),
+    ``claim_state`` is ``"n/a"``.
+    """
+    claim_state: str = "n/a"
+    if row.claim_id:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as lookup_s:
+            crow = lookup_s.get(Claim, row.claim_id)
+            if crow is not None:
+                claim_state = (
+                    crow.state.value
+                    if hasattr(crow.state, "value")
+                    else str(crow.state)
+                )
+    linked_iso = (
+        row.linked_at.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z")
+        if row.linked_at is not None
+        else ""
+    )
+    return {
+        "id": row.id,
+        "claim_id": row.claim_id,
+        "batch_id": row.batch_id,
+        "ack_id": row.ack_id,
+        "ack_kind": row.ack_kind,
+        "ak2_index": row.ak2_index,
+        "set_control_number": row.set_control_number,
+        "set_accept_reject_code": row.set_accept_reject_code,
+        "linked_at": linked_iso,
+        "linked_by": row.linked_by,
+        "claim_state": claim_state,
+    }

backend/src/cyclone/store/write.py

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+"""Write path for parsed batches — insert, reconcile, publish.
+
+The single entry point is ``add_record(record, *, event_bus=None)``,
+which replaces the body of the previous ``CycloneStore.add`` method.
+It owns its own SQLAlchemy session, runs idempotency checks, persists
+the batch + child rows, then (for 835 batches) triggers reconciliation
+and (if ``event_bus`` is provided) publishes live-tail events.
+
+Reconciliation runs OUTSIDE the persistence session, fail-soft: errors
+are logged but do not roll back the persisted batch.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.db import (
+    ActivityEvent,
+    Batch,
+    Claim,
+    Remittance,
+)
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ParseResult
+from cyclone.parsers.models_835 import ParseResult835
+from .orm_builders import _claim_837_row, _persist_835_remit, _remittance_835_row
+from .records import BatchRecord, BatchRecord837, BatchRecord835
+from .ui import to_ui_claim_from_orm, to_ui_remittance_from_orm
+
+
+def add_record(record: BatchRecord, *, event_bus=None) -> None:
+    """Persist a parsed batch (837P or 835) to the DB.
+
+    For 837P batches: inserts the Batch row, one Claim row per
+    claim, and a ``claim_submitted`` ActivityEvent per claim.
+
+    For 835 batches: inserts the Batch row, one Remittance row per
+    ClaimPayment, and a ``remit_received`` ActivityEvent per
+    ClaimPayment. Reconciliation (auto-match + per-pair CAS
+    aggregate) runs IN THE SAME SESSION before commit (SP27
+    Task 10) — a single ``s.commit()`` covers both ingest and
+    reconciliation. If reconcile raises, the whole 835 ingest
+    rolls back; the batch never appears half-reconciled with
+    placeholder ``adjustment_amount`` values.
+
+    Idempotency: ``Claim.id`` and ``Remittance.id`` are PRIMARY KEYS,
+    so a re-ingest of the same fixture (e.g. ``/api/parse-837`` called
+    twice with the same file) would otherwise raise
+    ``IntegrityError``. We do a per-row ``session.get(...)`` check
+    before each insert; if the row already exists, we log a warning
+    and skip. The batch row itself is still inserted (each parse
+    has a fresh ``uuid4`` id from the API). O(n) per row, but
+    acceptable for the small fixture sizes — production load is
+    one batch at a time via the API, not bulk inserts.
+
+    When ``event_bus`` is provided, publishes one ``claim_written``
+    or ``remittance_written`` event per newly-inserted row plus an
+    ``activity_recorded`` event per activity row, after commit. The
+    publish calls are best-effort — failures are logged but do not
+    roll back the persisted batch.
+    """
+    from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+
+    import logging
+    log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+    # Track rows we actually inserted so we can publish events for them.
+    inserted_claim_ids: list[str] = []
+    inserted_remit_ids: list[str] = []
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        batch_row = Batch(
+            id=record.id,
+            kind=record.kind,
+            input_filename=record.input_filename,
+            parsed_at=record.parsed_at,
+            totals_json=None,
+            validation_json=None,
+            raw_result_json=json.loads(record.result.model_dump_json()),
+            # SP37 Task 2: mirror the parsed 837's ST02 onto the batch
+            # row so 999 AK201 set_control_numbers can resolve back via
+            # Pass 1. The ``getattr`` chain handles the 835 path: the
+            # shared ``Envelope`` class is used by both 837P and 835
+            # parsers, but only ``parse_837`` populates this field — for
+            # 835 records it stays ``None`` and the column is NULL.
+            transaction_set_control_number=getattr(
+                getattr(record.result, "envelope", None),
+                "transaction_set_control_number",
+                None,
+            ),
+        )
+        s.add(batch_row)
+
+        if isinstance(record, BatchRecord837):
+            result: ParseResult = record.result
+            for claim in result.claims:
+                if s.get(Claim, claim.claim_id) is not None:
+                    log.warning(
+                        "add: claim %s already exists; skipping (batch=%s)",
+                        claim.claim_id, record.id,
+                    )
+                    continue
+                s.add(_claim_837_row(claim, record.id))
+                s.add(ActivityEvent(
+                    ts=record.parsed_at,
+                    kind="claim_submitted",
+                    batch_id=record.id,
+                    claim_id=claim.claim_id,
+                    payload_json={
+                        "message": (
+                            f"Claim {claim.claim_id} submitted · "
+                            f"{claim.payer.name}"
+                        ),
+                        "npi": claim.billing_provider.npi,
+                        "amount": float(claim.claim.total_charge or 0.0),
+                    },
+                ))
+                inserted_claim_ids.append(claim.claim_id)
+        elif isinstance(record, BatchRecord835):
+            result835: ParseResult835 = record.result
+            payer_name = result835.payer.name
+            for cp in result835.claims:
+                if s.get(Remittance, cp.payer_claim_control_number) is not None:
+                    log.warning(
+                        "add: remittance %s already exists; skipping (batch=%s)",
+                        cp.payer_claim_control_number, record.id,
+                    )
+                    continue
+                remit_row = _remittance_835_row(cp, record.id)
+                s.add(remit_row)
+                # Flush so remit_row.id (FK target of cas_adjustments) is
+                # populated. SQLAlchemy assigns the PK on flush; without
+                # this the CasAdjustment inserts below would reference an
+                # unset id and violate the FK.
+                s.flush()
+                # SP7: persist per-line ServiceLinePayment + linked
+                # SVC-level CAS rows + claim-level CAS bucket. Replaces
+                # the previous per-SVC CAS insert loop so the
+                # service_line_payment_id FK is set correctly.
+                _persist_835_remit(s, cp, remit_row.id)
+                s.add(ActivityEvent(
+                    ts=record.parsed_at,
+                    kind="remit_received",
+                    batch_id=record.id,
+                    remittance_id=cp.payer_claim_control_number,
+                    payload_json={
+                        "message": (
+                            f"Remit {cp.payer_claim_control_number} received"
+                        ),
+                        "payerName": payer_name,
+                        "amount": float(cp.total_paid or 0.0),
+                    },
+                ))
+                inserted_remit_ids.append(cp.payer_claim_control_number)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"Unsupported BatchRecord subclass: {type(record).__name__}"
+            )
+
+        # SP27 Task 10: run reconcile INSIDE the same session, before
+        # commit. The placeholder ``adjustment_amount`` set by
+        # ``_remittance_835_row`` is overwritten by reconcile's
+        # ``_reconcile_pair`` SUM-of-CAS-aggregate pass before the
+        # rows are ever visible. If reconcile raises, the whole
+        # 835 ingest rolls back and the batch never lands.
+        if record.kind == "835":
+            from cyclone import reconcile as _reconcile
+            _reconcile.run(s, record.id)
+
+        s.commit()
+
+    # Publish live-tail events synchronously. EventBus.publish is async
+    # but its body is purely synchronous ``put_nowait`` enqueues; we
+    # bypass the async wrapper and call the internal enqueue directly
+    # so callers (sync FastAPI endpoints, sync test harnesses) don't
+    # need to await.
+    if event_bus is not None and (inserted_claim_ids or inserted_remit_ids):
+        publish_events_sync(
+            event_bus, record, inserted_claim_ids, inserted_remit_ids,
+        )
+
+
+def publish_events_sync(
+    event_bus,
+    record: BatchRecord,
+    claim_ids: list[str],
+    remit_ids: list[str],
+) -> None:
+    """Build UI-shaped payloads for newly-inserted rows and publish.
+
+    Runs after commit so subscribers can immediately re-fetch from
+    the API and see consistent data. Each ``claim_written`` /
+    ``remittance_written`` payload is identical to what the matching
+    list endpoint would return for that row.
+
+    This is sync because EventBus's enqueue path is sync; we don't
+    need a coroutine for ``put_nowait``.
+    """
+    from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+
+    import logging
+    log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+    try:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            for cid in claim_ids:
+                row = s.get(Claim, cid)
+                if row is None:
+                    continue
+                ui = to_ui_claim_from_orm(
+                    row, batch_id=row.batch_id or record.id,
+                    parsed_at=record.parsed_at,
+                    # Fresh ingest — no remittance has been paired yet,
+                    # so ``Received`` is necessarily 0.
+                    received_total=0.0,
+                )
+                _sync_publish(event_bus, "claim_written", ui)
+            for rid in remit_ids:
+                row = s.get(Remittance, rid)
+                if row is None:
+                    continue
+                ui = to_ui_remittance_from_orm(
+                    row, batch_id=row.batch_id or record.id,
+                    parsed_at=record.parsed_at,
+                )
+                _sync_publish(event_bus, "remittance_written", ui)
+            # Activity events for this batch.
+            from sqlalchemy import select
+            activity_rows = s.execute(
+                select(ActivityEvent).where(ActivityEvent.batch_id == record.id)
+            ).scalars().all()
+            for arow in activity_rows:
+                ui = {
+                    "kind": arow.kind,
+                    "ts": arow.ts.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z"),
+                    "batchId": arow.batch_id,
+                    "claimId": arow.claim_id,
+                    "remittanceId": arow.remittance_id,
+                    "payload": arow.payload_json,
+                }
+                _sync_publish(event_bus, "activity_recorded", ui)
+    except Exception:
+        log.exception("add: event publish failed for batch %s", record.id)
+
+
+def _sync_publish(event_bus, kind: str, payload: dict) -> None:
+    """Synchronous fan-out helper. Mirrors ``EventBus.publish`` but
+    bypasses the async wrapper so callers don't need an event loop.
+    """
+    event = {**payload, "_kind": kind}
+    for queue in list(event_bus._subscribers.get(kind, ())):
+        event_bus._enqueue_or_drop_oldest(queue, event)

backend/src/cyclone/submission/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+"""SP37 Task 4: canonical 837P submission flow.
+
+The single public helper is ``submit_file`` — it owns parse → DB
+write → SFTP upload per file. CLI (``cyclone submit-batch``) and HTTP
+(``POST /api/submit-batch``) are thin wrappers; both call this helper
+so the ordering, idempotency, and audit shape are identical.
+
+DB-first, upload-second (per spec decision §2): if the DB write fails,
+no SFTP call is made. If the SFTP call fails after a successful DB
+write, the row exists but the file never landed — re-running is safe
+(idempotent DB write via add_record's s.get check; idempotent SFTP
+upload via stat-then-put).
+"""
+from .core import submit_file
+from .result import SubmitOutcome, SubmitResult
+
+__all__ = ["submit_file", "SubmitOutcome", "SubmitResult"]

backend/src/cyclone/submission/core.py

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+"""SP37 Task 4: parse → DB write → SFTP upload, per file.
+
+Mirrors ``resubmit_rejected_claims`` but writes to the DB before
+uploading. Same idempotency check (``stat().st_size == local_size``)
+skips already-uploaded files without re-emitting audit events.
+
+DB-first, upload-second (per spec decision §2): if the DB write fails,
+no SFTP call is made. If the SFTP call fails after a successful DB
+write, the row exists but the file never landed — re-running is safe
+(idempotent DB write via add_record's s.get check; idempotent SFTP
+upload via stat-then-put).
+
+The default SFTP factory uses paramiko directly (not the
+``SftpClient`` wrapper) because the wrapper exposes ``write_file``,
+``list_inbound``, and ``read_file`` but no ``stat()`` — which makes
+the SKIPPED outcome unreachable in production.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+from cyclone import db as db_mod
+from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+from cyclone.parsers.parse_837 import parse as parse_837_text
+from cyclone.parsers.payer import PayerConfig
+from cyclone.providers import SftpBlock
+from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+from cyclone.store.records import BatchRecord837
+
+from .result import SubmitOutcome, SubmitResult
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# The companion-guide payer id we enforce for CO Medicaid submits.
+# Same value the legacy ``resubmit-rejected-claims`` CLI gates on.
+EXPECTED_PAYER_ID = "CO_TXIX"
+
+
+def _default_sftp_factory(sftp_block: SftpBlock) -> Any:
+    """Open a paramiko SFTP session to the real MFT. Mirrors
+    resubmit_rejected_claims._open_session (cli.py:620-640).
+    Caller is responsible for closing the session.
+
+    The returned ``sftp`` is a ``paramiko.SFTPClient`` — it exposes
+    ``stat(remote_path)`` (used for the idempotency check) and
+    ``put(local_path, remote_path)`` (used for the upload). The
+    underlying SSH handle is stashed on ``sftp._cyclone_ssh`` so the
+    caller can close it cleanly via ``getattr(sftp, "_cyclone_ssh",
+    None).close()`` after the upload finishes.
+
+    Raises:
+        RuntimeError: if the SFTP block is in stub mode (the CLI/HTTP
+            layer should already guard against this, but we re-check
+            here because paramiko will try to connect even when
+            ``stub=True``).
+    """
+    if sftp_block.stub:
+        # Same posture as resubmit_rejected_claims in cli.py:592-595:
+        # the operator refuses to upload in stub mode, and the helper
+        # surfaces that as SFTP_FAILED with an explicit error.
+        raise RuntimeError("SFTP block is in stub mode")
+
+    from paramiko import AutoAddPolicy, SSHClient
+
+    from cyclone.secrets import get_secret
+
+    pw = get_secret(sftp_block.auth.get("password_keychain_account", ""))
+    ssh = SSHClient()
+    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(AutoAddPolicy())
+    ssh.connect(
+        sftp_block.host, port=sftp_block.port,
+        username=sftp_block.username, password=pw,
+        timeout=15, banner_timeout=15, auth_timeout=15,
+    )
+    sftp = ssh.open_sftp()
+    # Attach ssh to sftp so the caller can close it cleanly.
+    sftp._cyclone_ssh = ssh
+    return sftp
+
+
+def submit_file(
+    path: Path,
+    *,
+    sftp_block: SftpBlock,
+    actor: str,
+    validate: bool = True,
+    sftp_client_factory: Callable[[SftpBlock], Any] | None = None,
+) -> SubmitResult:
+    """Submit one 837P file: parse → DB write → SFTP upload.
+
+    Args:
+        path: local 837P file.
+        sftp_block: the clearhouse SftpBlock (for paths + auth).
+        actor: audit-log actor tag (e.g. "api-submit-batch").
+        validate: parse the file before upload (default True). Catches
+            bad byte-fixes early.
+        sftp_client_factory: optional callable that returns an
+            SFTP-client-compatible object (must expose ``stat()`` and
+            ``write_file()``). Defaults to :func:`_default_sftp_factory`
+            which opens a real paramiko session. Tests inject a fake.
+
+    Returns:
+        SubmitResult with file, outcome, batch_id (when written),
+        error (when failed).
+    """
+    file_label = path.name
+    try:
+        content = path.read_bytes()
+    except OSError as exc:
+        return SubmitResult(file_label, SubmitOutcome.PARSE_FAILED, error=str(exc))
+
+    # 1. Validate via parse (optional but recommended).
+    parsed: Any = None
+    if validate:
+        try:
+            parsed = parse_837_text(content.decode(), PayerConfig.co_medicaid())
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.warning("submit_file %s: parse failed: %s", file_label, exc)
+            return SubmitResult(file_label, SubmitOutcome.PARSE_FAILED, error=str(exc))
+        mismatch = next(
+            (c for c in parsed.claims if c.payer.id != EXPECTED_PAYER_ID),
+            None,
+        )
+        if mismatch is not None:
+            return SubmitResult(
+                file_label,
+                SubmitOutcome.PAYER_MISMATCH,
+                error=f"payer.id={mismatch.payer.id!r} (expected {EXPECTED_PAYER_ID!r})",
+            )
+
+    # 2. DB write — DB-first, upload-second invariant.
+    # ``parsed`` is required to construct a BatchRecord837 (it embeds the
+    # full ParseResult). validate=False therefore isn't a real path —
+    # the CLI/HTTP always pass validate=True — so reject it loudly
+    # rather than silently building an empty row.
+    if parsed is None:
+        return SubmitResult(
+            file_label,
+            SubmitOutcome.PARSE_FAILED,
+            error="validate=False is not supported; must parse to construct a BatchRecord",
+        )
+
+    # Use the same uuid4().hex id the existing /api/parse-837 path uses.
+    batch_id = uuid.uuid4().hex
+    record = BatchRecord837(
+        id=batch_id,
+        input_filename=file_label,
+        parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+        result=parsed,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        # ``cycl_store.add`` is the public facade method (per the
+        # CycloneStore class in store/__init__.py:158). It delegates
+        # to ``store.write.add_record``, which is the underlying
+        # SQLAlchemy write path.
+        cycl_store.add(record)
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("submit_file %s: DB write failed: %s", file_label, exc)
+        return SubmitResult(file_label, SubmitOutcome.DB_FAILED, error=str(exc))
+
+    # 3. SFTP upload. ``_default_sftp_factory`` opens a paramiko
+    # session directly because the SftpClient wrapper has no ``stat()``
+    # method — that omission made the SKIPPED outcome unreachable in
+    # production. Mirror cli.py:620-650.
+    remote_path = f"{sftp_block.paths['outbound']}/{file_label}"
+    factory = sftp_client_factory or _default_sftp_factory
+    sftp = factory(sftp_block)
+    local_size = len(content)
+    try:
+        try:
+            stat = sftp.stat(remote_path)
+            if stat.st_size == local_size:
+                # Already on remote at the right size — re-run is safe;
+                # do NOT emit a duplicate audit event.
+                return SubmitResult(file_label, SubmitOutcome.SKIPPED, batch_id=batch_id)
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            pass  # not on remote yet
+        sftp.write_file(remote_path, content)
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("submit_file %s: SFTP failed: %s", file_label, exc)
+        return SubmitResult(
+            file_label, SubmitOutcome.SFTP_FAILED,
+            batch_id=batch_id, error=str(exc),
+        )
+    finally:
+        # Close the paramiko SSH handle the helper stashed on the
+        # SFTP client (paramiko does not auto-close on GC and a leak
+        # here costs a slot in MOVEit's per-IP session table).
+        ssh_handle = getattr(sftp, "_cyclone_ssh", None)
+        if ssh_handle is not None:
+            try:
+                ssh_handle.close()
+            except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+                pass
+
+    # 4. Audit event — same shape the legacy resubmit_rejected_claims CLI
+    # uses (event_type="clearhouse.submitted", entity_type="claim_file",
+    # entity_id=filename, payload has remote_path + source + size).
+    # Best-effort: an audit failure must not roll back the upload.
+    try:
+        with db_mod.SessionLocal()() as session:
+            append_event(session, AuditEvent(
+                event_type="clearhouse.submitted",
+                entity_type="claim_file",
+                entity_id=file_label,
+                payload={
+                    "remote_path": remote_path,
+                    "source": "submit-batch",
+                    "size": local_size,
+                    "batch_id": batch_id,
+                },
+                actor=actor,
+            ))
+            session.commit()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning(
+            "submit_file %s: audit event failed: %s", file_label, exc,
+        )
+
+    return SubmitResult(file_label, SubmitOutcome.SUBMITTED, batch_id=batch_id)

backend/src/cyclone/submission/result.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+"""SP37 Task 4: typed result for submit_file.
+
+The CLI and HTTP layer both consume SubmitResult; keeping it in one
+place means both surfaces agree on the response shape.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+class SubmitOutcome(str, Enum):
+    """Outcome of a single submit_file invocation.
+
+    Audit-event invariant: ``SUBMITTED`` emits a ``clearhouse.submitted``
+    audit event; ``SKIPPED`` does NOT (re-running on an already-uploaded
+    file must not flood the audit log with duplicate events). All
+    failure outcomes (``PARSE_FAILED``, ``PAYER_MISMATCH``, ``DB_FAILED``,
+    ``SFTP_FAILED``, ``UNEXPECTED_ERROR``) emit no event either —
+    failures should be observable via the helper's return value, not
+    the audit log.
+
+    ``UNEXPECTED_ERROR`` is reserved for uncaught exceptions in the
+    helper's own code (e.g. a bug in ``cycl_store.add``) — distinct
+    from the typed ``SFTP_FAILED`` which means the SFTP layer itself
+    raised. Operators reading ``outcome="unexpected_error"`` know to
+    look at the bug tracker, not the SFTP server.
+    """
+    SUBMITTED = "submitted"
+    SKIPPED = "skipped"
+    PARSE_FAILED = "parse_failed"
+    PAYER_MISMATCH = "payer_mismatch"
+    DB_FAILED = "db_failed"
+    SFTP_FAILED = "sftp_failed"
+    UNEXPECTED_ERROR = "unexpected_error"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class SubmitResult:
+    """Return value of ``submit_file``: filename, outcome, and optional
+    ``batch_id`` (populated when the DB write succeeded) and ``error``
+    (populated on any failure outcome; ``None`` on ``SUBMITTED`` /
+    ``SKIPPED``).
+    """
+    file: str
+    outcome: SubmitOutcome
+    batch_id: str | None = None
+    error: str | None = None

backend/tests/conftest.py

@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ test_api_parse_persists.py) working unchanged.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from decimal import Decimal
+
 import pytest
 
 
@@ -24,17 +27,195 @@ def _auto_init_db(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
     Also wires a fresh ``EventBus`` onto ``app.state`` because ``TestClient``
     does not invoke the FastAPI lifespan handler unless used as a context
     manager. The bus is reset between tests so subscribers don't leak.
+
+    Auth gating is enabled at the router/endpoint level via the
+    ``Depends(matrix_gate)`` wiring in ``cyclone.api``. The auth tests
+    (``test_auth_*``) explicitly flip ``AUTH_DISABLED = False`` and
+    authenticate via the public login route to exercise the real
+    auth path. Every other test — the original test suite predates
+    auth — gets ``AUTH_DISABLED = True`` here so the existing tests
+    keep working without each one having to login first.
     """
     monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/test.db")
     from cyclone import db
-    from cyclone.api import app
     from cyclone.pubsub import EventBus
+    from cyclone.auth import deps
 
     db._reset_for_tests()
     db.init_db()
-    app.state.event_bus = EventBus()
+    # Re-resolve `app` each fixture invocation because some tests
+    # (test_cors_extra_origins_via_env) call ``importlib.reload`` on
+    # ``cyclone.api`` to mutate the CORS allow-list. If we cached
+    # the app reference at conftest module load, we'd be setting
+    # ``event_bus`` on a stale instance that no test client is
+    # actually using.
+    from cyclone import api as _api_mod
+    _api_mod.app.state.event_bus = EventBus()
+    deps.AUTH_DISABLED = True
+    # The rate-limit middleware keeps a per-IP sliding window in
+    # ``_buckets``. Without a reset between tests, later tests in a
+    # full-suite run get ``429 Too Many Requests`` once the testclient
+    # IP exhausts its 300 req/60s budget. Walk the middleware stack
+    # and clear the buckets so every test starts with a fresh window.
+    # Trigger the stack build with a cheap health probe (the only
+    # request exempt from the limiter — see RateLimitMiddleware.EXEMPT_PATHS).
+    _reset_rate_limit_buckets(_api_mod.app)
     try:
         yield
     finally:
-        app.state.event_bus = None
+        deps.AUTH_DISABLED = False
-        db._reset_for_tests()
+        _api_mod.app.state.event_bus = None
+        db._reset_for_tests()
+
+
+def _reset_rate_limit_buckets(app) -> None:
+    """Clear the rate-limit middleware's per-IP sliding-window buckets.
+
+    SP27 Task 13b follow-up: ``RateLimitMiddleware._buckets`` is shared
+    across all tests in a process (TestClient reuses the same ``app``
+    instance), so without a reset between tests the full suite trips
+    the limiter after ~300 requests and later tests get 429s.
+
+    The middleware stack is only built on the first request, so we
+    prime it with an exempt health probe before walking to the
+    RateLimit layer. If the stack ever stops being a single chain
+    of ``.app`` links, this helper raises AttributeError — better
+    to fail loudly than silently leak state.
+    """
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    TestClient(app).get("/api/health")
+    cur = app.middleware_stack
+    while cur is not None:
+        if hasattr(cur, "_buckets"):
+            cur._buckets.clear()
+            return
+        cur = getattr(cur, "app", None)
+    # No RateLimitMiddleware in the stack — nothing to reset. Should
+    # not happen in this codebase (security.py registers it at boot)
+    # but we don't want a missing reset to crash unrelated tests.
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP31: shared DB-session + Claim/Remit factory fixtures.
+#
+# `db_session` yields a fresh session per test against the per-test DB set
+# up by the autouse `_auto_init_db` fixture above. The session rolls back at
+# teardown so a test that mutates rows doesn't leak into siblings.
+#
+# `make_claim` / `make_remit` build ORM rows with a small ergonomic surface:
+# the planned parameter names follow the content-keys helper (PCN, charge,
+# rendering NPI), but the ORM attribute names differ (`charge_amount` on
+# Claim, `total_charge` on Remittance, `provider_npi` on Claim — and no
+# `payer_id` / `rendering_provider_npi` column on Remittance at all). The
+# factories map the planned names onto the real ORM attributes and stash
+# `rendering_provider_npi` as a transient attribute so
+# ``reconcile._content_keys_match`` can still read it via ``getattr``.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def db_session():
+    """Yield a fresh SQLAlchemy session, rolling back at teardown."""
+    from cyclone import db as _db
+    session = _db.SessionLocal()()
+    try:
+        yield session
+        session.rollback()
+    finally:
+        session.close()
+
+
+def _ensure_batch(session, batch_id: str = "test-batch") -> None:
+    """Create the Batch row a Claim/Remittance FKs to (idempotent)."""
+    from cyclone.db import Batch
+    if session.get(Batch, batch_id) is None:
+        session.add(Batch(
+            id=batch_id, kind="837p", input_filename="test.txt",
+            parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+        ))
+        session.flush()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def make_claim(db_session):
+    """Factory: build & flush a Claim with the planned content-keys params.
+
+    Planned params (match the SP31 spec / content-keys test surface):
+        patient_control_number, total_charge, rendering_provider_npi,
+        service_date_from, matched_remittance_id=None, state=None,
+        claim_id=None
+
+    `state=None` defaults to ``ClaimState.SUBMITTED`` so existing tests
+    that omit it keep behaving. `rendering_provider_npi` is wired through
+    the real ``Claim.rendering_provider_npi`` column (SP32 migration 0019).
+    """
+    def _make(
+        patient_control_number: str,
+        total_charge,
+        rendering_provider_npi: str,
+        service_date_from,
+        matched_remittance_id=None,
+        state=None,
+        claim_id: str | None = None,
+    ):
+        from cyclone.db import Claim, ClaimState as _CS
+
+        _ensure_batch(db_session)
+        cid = claim_id or f"clm-{patient_control_number}-{service_date_from.isoformat()}"
+        c = Claim(
+            id=cid,
+            batch_id="test-batch",
+            patient_control_number=patient_control_number,
+            service_date_from=service_date_from,
+            charge_amount=total_charge,
+            state=state if state is not None else _CS.SUBMITTED,
+            matched_remittance_id=matched_remittance_id,
+            rendering_provider_npi=rendering_provider_npi,
+        )
+        db_session.add(c)
+        db_session.flush()
+        return c
+
+    return _make
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def make_remit(db_session):
+    """Factory: build & flush a Remittance with the planned content-keys params.
+
+    Planned params:
+        payer_claim_control_number, total_charge_amount, rendering_provider_npi,
+        service_date, remit_id=None
+
+    `total_charge_amount` is mapped to ``Remittance.total_charge`` (real ORM
+    field). `rendering_provider_npi` is wired through the real
+    ``Remittance.rendering_provider_npi`` column (SP32 migration 0019).
+    """
+    def _make(
+        payer_claim_control_number: str,
+        total_charge_amount,
+        rendering_provider_npi: str,
+        service_date,
+        remit_id: str | None = None,
+    ):
+        from cyclone.db import Remittance
+
+        _ensure_batch(db_session)
+        rid = remit_id or f"remit-{payer_claim_control_number}-{service_date.isoformat()}"
+        r = Remittance(
+            id=rid,
+            batch_id="test-batch",
+            payer_claim_control_number=payer_claim_control_number,
+            status_code="1",
+            total_charge=total_charge_amount,
+            total_paid=Decimal("0"),
+            received_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+            service_date=service_date,
+            is_reversal=False,
+            rendering_provider_npi=rendering_provider_npi,
+        )
+        db_session.add(r)
+        db_session.flush()
+        return r
+
+    return _make

backend/tests/fixtures/co_medicaid_837p.txt

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ NM1*IL*1*Balliache*Marianela****MI*P060946~
 N3*1811 PAVILION DR APT 303~
 N4*Montrose*CO*814016072~
 DMG*D8*19590223*F~
-NM1*PR*2*COHCPF*****PI*SKCO0~
+NM1*PR*2*CO_TXIX*****PI*CO_TXIX~
 CLM*t991102984o1c1d*85.40***12:B:1*Y*A*Y*Y~
 REF*G1*3173~
 HI*ABK:R69~
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ NM1*IL*1*Barella*Victoria****MI*H582447~
 N3*1900 Kellie DR~
 N4*Montrose*CO*814019524~
 DMG*D8*19570727*F~
-NM1*PR*2*COHCPF*****PI*SKCO0~
+NM1*PR*2*CO_TXIX*****PI*CO_TXIX~
 CLM*t991102984o1c2d*155.76***12:B:1*Y*A*Y*Y~
 REF*G1*3173~
 HI*ABK:R69~