feat(dashboard): Recent denials row drillable to /claims?claim=ID

- Replace PageHeader with editorial hero: massive 'Acknowledgments, *received.*'
  (clamp 48-80px serif, italic) + ghost '999' watermark + ShieldCheck pill
  + ?-shortcut kbd hint
- Add torn-page fold with '↘ 999 REGISTER ↙' label and 48-dot perforation
- Cream paper plane (max-w-[1280px] mx-auto) with paper-grain SVG and
  double-bordered title block: 'REGISTER · 999 IMPLEMENTATION ACKS' over
  'The register.' (clamp 48-96px) plus on-file count column
- Folio system: § 01 Vital signs (4 paper KPI tiles via new AckKpiTile),
  § 02 The register (paper-toned Table with blue selected-row tint)
- Paper-toned AckCodeBadge (success/destructive/warning tints), paper-toned
  DownloadButton
- Error/Loading/Empty states wrapped in paper-toned containers
- Footer: 'End of register / Cyclone · 999 ACKs / N rows'

Round 9/11.

.gitignore

@@ -35,5 +35,6 @@ claims_output/
 # Worktrees (subagent-driven development)
 .worktrees/
 
-# Brainstorm session artifacts (visual companion mockups, events, server state)
-.superpowers/
+# Brainstorm session artifacts (visual companion mockups, events, server state).
+# Skills under .superpowers/skills/ are committed project-scoped guidance.
+.superpowers/brainstorm/

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+---
+name: cyclone-api-router
+description: "Cyclone FastAPI router conventions (api_routers/, api_helpers.py, response shapes, error envelopes). Use when: adding or changing an HTTP endpoint, splitting a route out of api.py, or wiring a new helper into api_helpers.py."
+---
+
+# cyclone-api-router
+
+Cyclone splits its FastAPI surface two ways: small resource-group
+routers live in `backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/<topic>.py` and are
+mounted bare into `api.py`; the high-traffic streaming and parse
+endpoints still live as top-level decorators in `api.py` itself. This
+skill codifies the conventions so additions stay consistent with the
+four routers already shipped (`acks`, `admin`, `health`, `ta1_acks`).
+
+As of this writing: **4 router modules** under
+`backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/`, **one shared helpers module** at
+`backend/src/cyclone/api_helpers.py` (248 lines, NDJSON primitives +
+content negotiation + `tail_events`), and ~30 routes still inlined
+in `backend/src/cyclone/api.py`. The next refactor target is the
+parse endpoints.
+
+## When to use
+
+- **Adding an endpoint.** You're adding a new GET / POST handler —
+  you need to know whether it belongs in `api.py` (parse / streaming)
+  or in a new router under `api_routers/`, and what the response
+  shape and test file conventions look like.
+- **Splitting a route.** You're moving a route out of `api.py` into a
+  dedicated `api_routers/<topic>.py` module and need the import /
+  mounting rules (`from cyclone.api_routers import <topic>` then
+  `app.include_router(<topic>.router)`).
+- **Adding a helper.** You're wiring a new function into
+  `api_helpers.py` (NDJSON primitive, content-negotiation probe,
+  tail-event helper) and need to keep it private to the API layer.
+- **Defining an error response.** You're raising from a route handler
+  and need the conventional `HTTPException(status_code=..., detail=...)`
+  shape used everywhere else in the API surface.
+
+## Conventions
+
+1. **No new top-level routes in `api.py` for resource groups.** Any
+   endpoint grouped under a resource (`/api/<resource>` and its
+   `/{id}` detail) lives in `backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/<topic>.py`
+   as an `APIRouter`. The streaming list endpoints (`/api/claims/stream`,
+   `/api/remittances/stream`, `/api/activity/stream`) and the parse
+   endpoints (`/api/parse-*`) currently stay in `api.py` because they
+   span multiple store modules — don't move them unless you're also
+   restructuring the store split.
+2. **Reuse `api_helpers.py`.** NDJSON primitives (`ndjson_line`,
+   `ndjson_stream_list`, `ndjson_stream_837`, `ndjson_stream_835`),
+   content negotiation (`client_wants_json`, `wants_ndjson`), the
+   strict / `raw_segments` rewrites (`strict_rewrite_837`,
+   `strict_rewrite_835`, `drop_raw_segments_837`, `drop_raw_segments_835`),
+   and the shared live-tail generator (`tail_events`,
+   `heartbeat_seconds`) all live there. Don't duplicate them in a
+   router. The module's docstring (`api_helpers.py:1-18`) declares it
+   private to the API layer — no business logic, no DB writes.
+3. **Response shape.** Every successful response is a **plain dict**
+   produced by a per-router `<entity>_to_ui(row)` helper (see
+   `_ack_to_ui` at `api_routers/acks.py:29-48` and `_ta1_to_ui` at
+   `api_routers/ta1_acks.py:23-37`). This dict shape **must** match
+   the matching `<entity>_written` event payload so live-tail pages
+   don't drift (see `cyclone-store` for the serializer contract).
+   Errors use FastAPI's `HTTPException` with a `detail` dict of the
+   form `{"error": "<Title>", "detail": "<message>"}` —
+   `acks.py:85-88`, `ta1_acks.py:72`. There is **no** shared
+   `ErrorEnvelope` Pydantic model; the `detail` dict is the contract.
+4. **Mounting.** Routers are mounted bare in `api.py:251-256` —
+   `app.include_router(<name>.router)` with **no** `prefix=`
+   argument. Each `@router.<verb>` decorator carries the **full**
+   `/api/<resource>` path itself (see `acks.py:51,75`,
+   `ta1_acks.py:49,67`, `admin.py:23`, `health.py:28`). The
+   `router = APIRouter()` declaration carries no `tags=` either —
+   keep it minimal.
+5. **Streaming endpoints.** Use
+   `StreamingResponse(media_type="application/x-ndjson")` and feed it
+   either `ndjson_stream_list(items, total, returned, has_more)` (for
+   list pages) or `tail_events(request, bus, kinds)` (for live-tail
+   pages). See `acks.py:62-66` for the list-stream skeleton and
+   `api.py:1357-1401` for the full live-tail pattern (snapshot →
+   `snapshot_end` → subscription → heartbeats). See `cyclone-tail`
+   for the wire format.
+6. **Tests.** Every new endpoint gets a `test_api_<topic>_<verb>.py`
+   under `backend/tests/` (see `cyclone-tests` for the naming
+   convention + autouse `conftest.py`). Existing examples:
+   `test_api_validate_provider.py` (admin),
+   `test_api_parse_persists_ack.py` (acks).
+
+## Patterns
+
+### A new `APIRouter` skeleton
+
+Pattern from `backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/acks.py:1-72`. Module
+docstring names the resource, imports the shared helpers, declares
+`router = APIRouter()` with no prefix, and defines a `_foo_to_ui(row)`
+mapper at module scope.
+
+```python
+"""``/api/foo`` — list & detail endpoints for <topic>."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Query, Request
+from fastapi.responses import StreamingResponse
+
+from cyclone.api_helpers import ndjson_stream_list, wants_ndjson
+from cyclone.store import store
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+def _foo_to_ui(row) -> dict:
+    """Map a Foo ORM row to the UI shape used by ``/api/foo``."""
+    return {"id": row.id, "name": row.name}
+
+
+@router.get("/api/foo")
+def list_foo(
+    request: Request,
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+):
+    """Return the list of persisted Foo rows, newest first."""
+    rows = store.list_foo()
+    items = [_foo_to_ui(r) for r in rows[:limit]]
+    total = len(rows)
+    returned = len(items)
+    has_more = total > returned
+    if wants_ndjson(request):
+        return StreamingResponse(
+            ndjson_stream_list(items, total, returned, has_more),
+            media_type="application/x-ndjson",
+        )
+    return {"items": items, "total": total, "returned": returned, "has_more": has_more}
+```
+
+### A `get_<topic>` detail endpoint with 404
+
+Pattern from `api_routers/acks.py:75-104` and `ta1_acks.py:67-76`.
+Path param is `<entity>_id` (not `id`) so it doesn't shadow
+FastAPI's internal `id` and the OpenAPI docs stay self-describing.
+
+```python
+@router.get("/api/foo/{foo_id}")
+def get_foo(foo_id: int) -> dict:
+    """Return one persisted Foo row with its parsed detail.
+
+    Path param is ``foo_id`` (not ``id``) to avoid shadowing
+    FastAPI's internal ``id`` name and to keep OpenAPI docs
+    self-describing. Returns 404 when the row is missing — never 500.
+    """
+    row = store.get_foo(foo_id)
+    if row is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=404,
+            detail={"error": "Not found", "detail": f"Foo {foo_id} not found"},
+        )
+    return _foo_to_ui(row)
+```
+
+### Mounting in `api.py`
+
+Pattern from `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:246-256`. The block lives
+just after middleware registration and just before the first
+`@app.<verb>` decorator.
+
+```python
+# Resource-group routers. Each module owns its own APIRouter and is
+# registered below. New resources go in `cyclone.api_routers.<name>`
+# and are wired in here.
+from cyclone.api_routers import acks, admin, health, ta1_acks  # noqa: E402
+
+app.include_router(health.router)
+app.include_router(acks.router)
+app.include_router(ta1_acks.router)
+app.include_router(admin.router)
+```
+
+## Anti-patterns
+
+- **Don't import from `cyclone.api` into a router — the dependency runs the other way.** Routers are mounted *into* `api.py` (`api_routers/acks.py` etc. know nothing about `cyclone.api`). A circular import would silently break the `from cyclone.api_routers import ...` block at `api.py:251`.
+- **Don't introduce Pydantic response models where the codebase returns dicts.** Every existing list / detail endpoint returns a plain dict produced by a `<entity>_to_ui(row)` helper (see `acks.py:29-48`, `ta1_acks.py:23-37`). That dict shape **is** the event payload that `<entity>_written` carries — see `cyclone-store`. Introducing a Pydantic model on one side drifts the event payload from the list shape and silently breaks live-tail dedup.
+- **Don't bypass `CycloneStore` to query the ORM directly from a route.** Always call `store.<method>(...)` (`store.list_acks()`, `store.get_ta1_ack(ack_id)`) so the read path picks up the same session + snapshot serializer as the live-tail subscriber. A raw `with db.SessionLocal()() as s: s.get(Foo, foo_id)` in a handler bypasses the serializer contract and breaks the event-payload match. See `cyclone-store`.
+- **Don't set `prefix=` on `APIRouter`.** Mount the router bare (`app.include_router(<name>.router)`) and put the full `/api/<resource>` path in the decorator. Mixing the two styles scatters the URL across two files and breaks `grep "/api/foo"` audits.
+
+## Related skills
+
+- **`cyclone-store`** — most routes call `store.<method>(...)` and the dict payload **is** the `<entity>_written` event payload; load when adding a route so the read path stays aligned with the pubsub contract.
+- **`cyclone-tail`** — streaming endpoints (`/api/<resource>/stream`) and the NDJSON wire format; load when adding a live-tail route or changing the wire format.
+- **`cyclone-edi`** — parse endpoints (`/api/parse-837`, `/api/parse-835`, `/api/parse-999`, `/api/parse-ta1`, `/api/parse-277ca`) currently live in `api.py`; load when adding or changing a parse endpoint.
+- **`cyclone-tests`** — endpoint tests follow the `test_api_<topic>_<verb>.py` naming under `backend/tests/`; load when writing the test for a new endpoint.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+---
+name: cyclone-cli
+description: "Cyclone CLI subcommand conventions (cli.py — Click group + subcommands parse-837/parse-835/validate-npi/validate-tax-id/backup, --yes + click.confirm for destructive ops, exit codes 0/1/2, CliRunner smoke tests in backend/tests/test_cli_*.py). Use when: adding a CLI subcommand, changing an exit code, adding a smoke test, or wiring a security-sensitive command (backup, key rotation, anything touching secrets.py)."
+---
+
+# cyclone-cli
+
+The operator-facing CLI is a **Click** group at `cli.py:45` (`@click.group()` for `main`), mounted as the `cyclone` console script in `pyproject.toml:54` (`cyclone = "cyclone.cli:main"`). Seven subcommands ship today: `parse-837`, `parse-835`, `validate-npi`, `validate-tax-id`, plus the `backup` group (`init-passphrase`, `create`, `list`, `verify`, `restore`, `prune`, `status`). `serve` lives separately in `__main__.py:19` (dispatches `uvicorn cyclone.api:app`).
+
+## When to use
+
+- **Adding a subcommand.** You need a new operator command (e.g. `cyclone rotate-key`) and want to match the existing Click decorator + smoke-test rhythm.
+- **Changing an exit code.** You're tweaking which `sys.exit(N)` a subcommand raises and need the 0/1/2 contract used by `parse_837`, `parse_835`, `validate_npi_cmd`, `validate_tax_id_cmd`, and the `backup` group.
+- **Adding a smoke test.** You need `backend/tests/test_cli_<name>.py` using `click.testing.CliRunner` (NOT `subprocess.run`) and want the canonical fixture + monkeypatch layout (Keychain stub, fresh SQLite, `CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR`).
+- **Wiring a security-sensitive command.** Anything touching `cyclone/secrets.py` (Keychain writes), DB key rotation, or destructive restores needs the two-step confirm dance used by `backup restore` / `backup prune` (`cli.py:462,509`).
+
+## Conventions
+
+1. **Click decorator pattern, not argparse.** Each subcommand is a
+   top-level function decorated with `@main.command("<name>")` and
+   one `@click.option` / `@click.argument` per parameter. Group
+   dispatch is implicit — no `set_defaults(func=...)` and no
+   `cmd_<name>(args) -> int` signature. Top-level commands at
+   `cli.py:77,151,241,261,303`; the `backup` sub-group nests a
+   second `@main.group()` (`cli.py:303`) with its own
+   `@backup.command("<name>")` children.
+2. **Long-form flags for safety.** Prefer `--rotate-key`,
+   `--backup-dir`, `--from-stdin` over positional args for anything
+   that mutates state or takes a secret. `init-passphrase`
+   (`cli.py:308-311`) demonstrates the canonical "flag OR stdin"
+   pattern: `--passphrase` for automation, `--from-stdin` for
+   interactive `getpass()` prompting.
+3. **Exit codes: 0 / 1 / 2.** `0` = success. `1` = user / input
+   error (invalid NPI/EIN at `cli.py:258,277,285`; Keychain write
+   failure at `cli.py:341,351`; tampered-backup verify at
+   `cli.py:459`). `2` = operator / parse error
+   (`CycloneParseError` at `cli.py:106,178`; passphrase
+   empty/mismatch/short at `cli.py:331,337`). Document the codes
+   in the docstring (see `validate_npi_cmd` at `cli.py:244-250`).
+   Use `click.UsageError(...)` for usage mistakes; reserve
+   `sys.exit(2)` for "the file failed to parse" semantics.
+4. **Smoke test with `click.testing.CliRunner`.** Every new
+   subcommand gets `backend/tests/test_cli_<name>.py` that
+   imports `from cyclone.cli import main` and invokes via
+   `CliRunner().invoke(main, [...], catch_exceptions=False)`. The
+   test must stub Keychain (`monkeypatch.setattr(secrets_mod,
+   "get_secret"/"set_secret", ...)`) and pin a temp SQLite DB via
+   `CYCLONE_DB_URL` + `db._reset_for_tests()` — see
+   `backend/tests/test_cli_backup.py:13-69` for the canonical
+   `_cli_env` fixture. CliRunner captures output and exit codes
+   in-process; do NOT shell out to `subprocess.run`.
+5. **Destructive ops need `--yes` + `click.confirm(abort=True)`.**
+   `backup restore` (`cli.py:462-506`) and `backup prune`
+   (`cli.py:509-537`) both gate the destructive action behind a
+   `--yes` is_flag and an interactive `click.confirm(..., abort=True)`
+   prompt. CliRunner auto-aborts confirm prompts, so smoke tests
+   assert `exit_code != 0` when `--yes` is omitted
+   (`test_cli_backup.py:122-137`). A `--dry-run` flag is NOT yet
+   implemented anywhere; if needed, mirror the `--yes` pattern.
+
+## Patterns
+
+### A Click subcommand — `@main.command("<name>")` + options
+
+From `cli.py:241-258` (smallest standalone subcommand):
+
+```python
+@main.command("validate-npi")
+@click.argument("npi")
+@click.option("--log-level", default="WARNING", show_default=True,
+              type=click.Choice(["DEBUG", "INFO", "WARNING", "ERROR"]))
+def validate_npi_cmd(npi: str, log_level: str) -> None:
+    """Validate a 10-digit NPI's Luhn checksum locally (SP20). Exit 0 valid, 1 invalid. PHI — don't log the value."""
+    setup_logging(level=log_level)
+    from cyclone.npi import is_valid_npi
+    if is_valid_npi(npi):
+        click.echo(f"OK: {len(npi)}-digit NPI passes Luhn checksum")
+        return
+    click.echo(f"INVALID: {npi!r} fails NPI Luhn checksum", err=True)
+    sys.exit(1)
+```
+
+### A smoke test — `CliRunner` + Keychain stub + temp SQLite
+
+From `test_cli_backup.py:13-69`. Stable hex salt keeps multiple `CliRunner` invocations consistent within one test. The `Batch` seed at `cli_backup.py:27-35` is omitted — only the Keychain + DB plumbing is the convention:
+
+```python
+@pytest.fixture
+def _cli_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    from cyclone import db, secrets as secrets_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/test.db")
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+    db.init_db()
+    # ... seed any DB rows the subcommand needs (see cli_backup.py:27-35) ...
+
+    store = {svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT: "cli-test-passphrase",
+             svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT:
+                 "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef"}
+    monkeypatch.setattr(secrets_mod, "get_secret", lambda n: store.get(n))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(secrets_mod, "set_secret",
+                        lambda n, v: store.__setitem__(n, v) or True)
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR", str(tmp_path / "backups"))
+    yield tmp_path / "backups"
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+
+def test_backup_create_list_verify_status(_cli_env):
+    from cyclone.cli import main
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    r = runner.invoke(main, ["backup", "create"], catch_exceptions=False)
+    assert r.exit_code == 0, r.output
+    assert "created backup id=" in r.output
+```
+
+### A destructive subcommand — `--yes` + `click.confirm(abort=True)`
+
+From `cli.py:462-506` (`backup restore`). Two-step: announce, prompt unless `--yes`, then execute. Restore uses an explicit init/confirm round-trip so the operator can back out between phases. Matching smoke test asserts the guard fires:
+
+```python
+@backup.command("restore")
+@click.argument("backup_id", type=int)
+@click.option("--yes", is_flag=True, help="Skip the interactive confirm prompt")
+@click.option("--actor", default="operator-cli", show_default=True)
+def backup_restore(backup_id: int, yes: bool, actor: str) -> None:
+    """Restore the live DB from a backup (two-step, requires --yes)."""
+    # ... db.init_db() + service config omitted ...
+    click.echo(f"Initiating restore from backup {backup_id}...")
+    init = svc.restore_initiate(backup_id)
+    # ... echo init summary (filename, fp, table_count, ttl) ...
+    if not yes:
+        click.confirm(
+            "Replace the live DB with this backup? "
+            "This will dispose the engine and rebuild it.",
+            abort=True,
+        )
+    click.echo("Confirming restore...")
+    result = svc.restore_confirm(backup_id, init.restore_token, actor=actor)
+
+def test_backup_restore_requires_yes_flag(_cli_env):
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    runner.invoke(main, ["backup", "create"], catch_exceptions=False)
+    r = runner.invoke(main, ["backup", "restore", "1"], catch_exceptions=False)
+    # CliRunner auto-aborts confirm prompts → exit_code != 0.
+    assert r.exit_code != 0
+```
+
+## Anti-patterns
+
+- **Don't `sys.exit(2)` for usage errors.** Reserve code 2 for
+  parse/operator errors (`CycloneParseError`, Keychain not
+  initialized, passphrase policy violation). For "you passed the
+  wrong flag" use `raise click.UsageError(...)` — Click formats
+  it as a clean help message and exits 2 on its own.
+- **Don't print errors to stdout.** Use `click.echo(msg, err=True)`
+  for all error output. `print(..., file=sys.stderr)` and bare
+  `logging.error(...)` bypass Click's stdout/stderr split and leak
+  into test `result.output` — breaking `assert "FAIL" in r.output`
+  style assertions.
+- **Don't add a subcommand without a smoke test.** Every new
+  `@main.command(...)` ships a sibling
+  `backend/tests/test_cli_<name>.py` exercising the happy path
+  AND at least one error path (missing input, invalid arg,
+  tampered ciphertext — see `test_cli_backup.py:102-119`).
+- **Don't reuse the `parse` command name.** Existing subcommands
+  are type-specific (`parse-837`, `parse-835`); a generic `parse`
+  would shadow them or force an `--type` flag — neither is the
+  codebase pattern.
+
+## Related skills
+
+- **`cyclone-store`** — `backup` subcommands and the parse
+  subcommands both round-trip through `CycloneStore` and the DB
+  session; load when the increment changes write paths or the
+  `<entity>_written` event contract.
+- **`cyclone-api-router`** — `cyclone serve` (via `__main__.py:19`)
+  launches the FastAPI app; the CLI parse subcommands share the
+  same `CycloneParseError` exception and Pydantic result models
+  as the matching HTTP endpoints.
+- **`cyclone-edi`** — `parse-837` / `parse-835` are the CLI smoke
+  entry points for the parser/validator surface; load when adding
+  a parser or R-code rule.
+- **`cyclone-tests`** — every CLI subcommand gets a pytest smoke
+  case under `backend/tests/test_cli_<name>.py`; the `_cli_env`
+  fixture pattern (fresh SQLite + Keychain stub) is documented
+  there.
+- **`cyclone-spec`** — load when the SP-N spec introduces a new operator command or reserves a new exit-code category.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+---
+name: cyclone-edi
+description: "Cyclone EDI parser/validator conventions (837P/835/999/270/271/277CA/TA1). Use when: adding or changing a parser, adding a validator rule (R010/R020/R100/R200-R210/R835_*/NPI Luhn/EIN/CAS), or mapping a new CAS adjustment reason code."
+---
+
+# cyclone-edi
+
+Cyclone parses seven X12 EDI transaction types (837P, 835, 999, 270, 271, 277CA, TA1) into typed Pydantic models, then runs per-claim / per-batch validator rules that surface as R-coded `ValidationIssue` records. This skill codifies the conventions so new parsers and rules stay consistent with the seven that already exist.
+
+As of this writing: **7 parser modules** under `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/parse_<edi>.py`, **~25 per-claim rules** numbered `R010`–`R100` and `R200`–`R210` in `validator.py`, plus a parallel set of **835-specific rules** prefixed `R835_*` in `validator_835.py`. The next increment is **SP22**.
+
+## When to use
+
+- **Adding or changing a parser.** You are about to touch `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/parse_<edi>.py` or its paired `models_<edi>.py` and need the orchestrator signature, the segment walker convention, and the re-export in `parsers/__init__.py`.
+- **Adding a validator rule.** You are writing a new `_rule_R<n>_<name>` (or `_r<n>_<name>` per the existing snake-case style) and need the rule signature, the R-code numbering scheme, and the `ValidationIssue` shape.
+- **Wiring a new CAS / CARC code.** The 835 carries Claim Adjustment Reason Codes in `CAS` segments; the lookup lives in `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/cas_codes.py` and the UI reads through `claim_status_label()`.
+- **Debugging a parse failure on a prodfiles sample.** You dropped a real EDI file into `docs/prodfiles/<source>/` and the parser is choking — load this skill to confirm the tokenizer path, the orchestrator entry point, and which fixture in `backend/tests/fixtures/` matches the transaction type.
+
+## Conventions
+
+1. **Parser signature.** Every parser module exports exactly one public entry function. Two flavors coexist in the codebase:
+   - `parse(text: str, *, input_file: str = "") -> <TypedResult>` — used by `parse_270.py:337`, `parse_271.py:356`.
+   - `parse(text: str, payer_config: <PayerConfig>, input_file: str = "") -> <TypedResult>` — used by `parse_837.py:319` and `parse_835.py:459` because both need payer-specific config to validate segments against.
+   - `parse_<edi>_text(text: str, *, input_file: str = "") -> <TypedResult>` — the legacy name-suffixed form, still in use at `parse_ta1.py:143`, `parse_999.py:220`, `parse_277ca.py:280`. The `<TypedResult>` is always a Pydantic model from `models_<edi>.py` (or co-located `models.py` for 837P).
+2. **Segment walk.** Parsers consume `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/segments.py` — there are exactly three public pieces: `Delimiters` (frozen dataclass holding the four ISA-derived separators), `_detect_delimiters(isa_segment)` (private), and `tokenize(text) -> list[list[str]]` (returns ISA prepended as the first segment). Parsers then index into the `list[list[str]]` directly — there is **no** `Segment` / `Loop` / `next_segment` helper class. Whole-document problems (missing ISA, wrong transaction set) raise `CycloneParseError`; per-segment problems on acks (999/277CA) are surfaced on the result, not raised.
+3. **Validator rules.** Numbered rules live in `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/validator.py` (for 837P — R010–R100 general + R200–R210 SP9 CO MAP / HCPF naming) and `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/validator_835.py` (for 835 — names prefixed `R835_*` because the same numeric space would collide with 837P). Each rule is a function `_r<n>_<name>(claim: ClaimOutput, cfg: PayerConfig) -> Iterable[ValidationIssue]` registered in the module-level `_RULES` list and run by `validate(claim, config)`. Issues carry the rule name as a stable string (`rule="R021_npi_checksum"`) — the R-code **is** how the UI surfaces the error, so never invent an unnumbered rule.
+4. **NPI / EIN / CAS format logic.** Identity-format checks live in their own modules — never duplicate them in a parser or validator:
+   - `backend/src/cyclone/npi.py` — `is_valid_npi(npi)` runs the Luhn checksum with the `80840` NPPES prefix; `is_valid_tax_id(ein)` enforces `XX-XXXXXXX` (or 9 raw digits).
+   - `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/cas_codes.py` — `reason_label(group, reason)` and `all_known_codes()` for the CARC lookup; snapshot date is exported as `LAST_UPDATED`.
+   - `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/models_271.py` — `SERVICE_TYPE_CODES` + `service_type_description()` for 271 EB benefit codes.
+5. **Prodfiles reuse.** When adding a parser for a new transaction type, ship at least one fixture in `backend/tests/fixtures/<edi>/<sample>.txt` (the existing 13 fixtures are **flat** at the top level of `fixtures/` — no per-test subdirectories). Copy from `docs/prodfiles/<source>/<file>.txt`; never reach into `docs/prodfiles/` from a test. The matching test should declare the path as a module-level `Path` constant.
+
+## Patterns
+
+### Minimal `parse_<edi>.py` — using `segments.py`, exporting `parse_ta1_text`
+
+Taken from `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/parse_ta1.py:1-29` (the smallest parser — TA1 is just ISA + TA1 + IEA). The same skeleton scales to every other EDI type by adding `_consume_<segment>` helpers.
+
+```python
+"""Parse an X12 TA1 (Interchange Acknowledgment) file.
+
+Whole-document problems (missing ISA, no TA1) raise CycloneParseError.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from datetime import date
+
+from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+from cyclone.parsers.models import BatchSummary, Envelope
+from cyclone.parsers.models_ta1 import ParseResultTa1, Ta1Ack
+from cyclone.parsers.segments import tokenize
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _parse_yyyymmdd(s: str) -> date | None:
+    """Parse an 8-digit CCYYMMDD string. Returns None on bad input."""
+    ...
+
+
+def _build_envelope(segments: list[list[str]], input_file: str) -> Envelope:
+    """Build the envelope from ISA. TA1 has no GS/ST — just ISA → TA1 → IEA."""
+    ...
+
+
+def _consume_ta1(segments: list[list[str]], idx: int) -> tuple[Ta1Ack, int]:
+    """Read a TA1 segment and return a Ta1Ack. Returns (model, next_idx)."""
+    ...
+
+
+def parse_ta1_text(text: str, *, input_file: str = "") -> ParseResultTa1:
+    """Parse a complete TA1 document and return a ParseResultTa1."""
+    segments = tokenize(text)
+    envelope = _build_envelope(segments, input_file=input_file)
+    ta1_idx = next(
+        (i for i, seg in enumerate(segments) if seg[0] == "TA1"), None,
+    )
+    if ta1_idx is None:
+        raise CycloneParseError("No TA1 segment found")
+    ta1, _ = _consume_ta1(segments, ta1_idx)
+    ...
+    return ParseResultTa1(envelope=envelope, ta1=ta1, summary=summary, ...)
+
+
+__all__ = ["parse_ta1_text"]
+```
+
+The orchestrator pattern is the same in every parser: `tokenize` → `_build_envelope` → segment consumers in order → wrap into a `ParseResult<EDI>` model. The Pydantic result is what the API / store layer consumes.
+
+### A validator rule — `_r<n>_<name>` registered in `_RULES`
+
+Taken from `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/validator.py:23-66` (the canonical R010–R100 block).
+
+```python
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from cyclone.parsers.models import ClaimOutput, ValidationIssue
+from cyclone.parsers.payer import PayerConfig
+
+NPI_RE = re.compile(r"^\d{10}$")
+Rule = Callable[[ClaimOutput, PayerConfig], Iterable[ValidationIssue]]
+
+
+def _r020_npi_format(claim: ClaimOutput, _: PayerConfig) -> Iterable[ValidationIssue]:
+    if claim.billing_provider.npi and not NPI_RE.match(claim.billing_provider.npi):
+        yield ValidationIssue(
+            rule="R020_npi_format",
+            severity="error",
+            message=f"Billing provider NPI must be 10 digits, got {claim.billing_provider.npi!r}",
+        )
+
+
+def _r021_npi_checksum(claim: ClaimOutput, _: PayerConfig) -> Iterable[ValidationIssue]:
+    """SP20: validate the billing-provider NPI's Luhn check digit."""
+    npi = claim.billing_provider.npi
+    if not npi or not NPI_RE.match(npi):
+        return  # R020 already flagged the format — skip silently.
+    try:
+        from cyclone.npi import is_valid_npi
+    except ImportError:
+        return
+    if not is_valid_npi(npi):
+        yield ValidationIssue(
+            rule="R021_npi_checksum",
+            severity="warning",
+            message=f"Billing provider NPI {npi!r} fails Luhn checksum (likely typo)",
+        )
+
+
+_RULES: list[Rule] = [
+    _r010_clm01_present,
+    _r011_total_charge_positive,
+    _r020_npi_format,
+    _r021_npi_checksum,
+    # ... R030, R031, R032-R035, R050, R060, R070, R100, R200-R210
+]
+```
+
+For 835 rules, prefix the rule string with `R835_` (e.g. `R835_BPR01_handling_code_allowed`) and target the `ParseResult835` model instead of `ClaimOutput` — see `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/validator_835.py:38-79`.
+
+### A test that uses a prodfiles fixture
+
+Taken from `backend/tests/test_api_999.py:53-72`. The autouse `conftest.py` already provides a per-test SQLite DB; most tests just add a `client` fixture and reference the fixture path as a module-level constant.
+
+```python
+"""Tests for the FastAPI surface in cyclone.api for the 999 endpoint."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from cyclone.api import app
+
+# Fixture reference — flat, module-level Path constant. NEVER reach into
+# docs/prodfiles/ from a test; the fixtures/ dir is the test-consumed surface.
+ACCEPTED = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_999.txt"
+REJECTED = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_999_rejected.txt"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client() -> TestClient:
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+def test_parse_999_endpoint_happy_path(client: TestClient):
+    text = ACCEPTED.read_text()
+    resp = client.post(
+        "/api/parse-999",
+        files={"file": ("minimal_999.txt", text, "text/plain")},
+        headers={"Accept": "application/json"},
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    body = resp.json()
+    assert body["ack"]["ack_code"] == "A"
+```
+
+For pure-unit parser tests (no API), the same path is reused — see `backend/tests/test_parse_837.py:8` (`FIXTURE = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_837p.txt"`).
+
+## Anti-patterns
+
+- **Don't re-parse raw X12 strings inside validators.** Always parse first into the typed `ParseResult<EDI>` / `ClaimOutput`, then validate against that. Validators index into the model fields (or `claim.raw_segments` for spot-checks of specific segment presence) — they never call `tokenize` again. R034's `REF*G1` presence check (`validator.py:104-107`) is the only place that legitimately touches `raw_segments`, and it does so to confirm a single segment exists.
+- **Don't bake payer-specific logic into the generic parser.** Payer variations live in `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/payer.py` (`PayerConfig`, `PayerConfig835`) and `backend/src/cyclone/payers.py` (the YAML loader from `config/payers.yaml`). Parsers accept the config as an argument; rules read it from the `cfg` parameter. A new payer never requires a new parser file — extend the config and add / adjust an R-code rule.
+- **Don't add a validator rule without an R-code.** The `rule="R<n>_<name>"` string is the stable identifier the UI greys out, the API returns in `errors[].rule`, and tests assert against. Inventing a rule without an R-code (or reusing an R-code with new semantics) breaks the operator workflow. New SP-N increments reserve their R-code range up front (SP9 reserved R200–R210, SP20 added R021) and document it in the spec.
+
+## Related skills
+
+- **`cyclone-store`** — load when the increment changes how a parsed `ClaimOutput` / `ParseResult<EDI>` is persisted (`store.py` write path, `<entity>_written` events).
+- **`cyclone-api-router`** — load when the increment adds or changes an HTTP endpoint that surfaces a parsed result (e.g. `/api/parse-999`, `/api/parse-837`, `/api/parse-835`).
+- **`cyclone-tests`** — every parser addition ships a fixture in `backend/tests/fixtures/` and a pytest case; load this skill for the fixture-drop-in and autouse-conftest rules.
+- **`cyclone-cli`** — load when the increment adds a CLI subcommand. The `cyclone parse-837 <file>` and `cyclone parse-835 <file>` smoke commands at `backend/src/cyclone/cli.py:77,151` are the parser-level smoke tests; the `validate-npi` and `validate-tax-id` commands exercise the format helpers.
+- **`cyclone-spec`** — load when the SP-N spec for the increment introduces a new R-code range or a new transaction type; the spec's `## Decisions` section is where the R-code reservation gets locked in.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/references/parsers.md

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Cyclone EDI parsers — flat catalog
+
+Every parser module under `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/` (one row per
+file), its transaction type, its public entry signature, its result
+model, its primary fixture, and any payer-specific variant. The
+companion Pydantic model is in a co-located `models_<edi>.py`; the
+segment walker uses `tokenize()` from `segments.py` and never parses
+raw text inline.
+
+| Module | EDI type | Public entry signature | Result model | Primary fixture(s) | Payer variant |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| `parse_837.py` | 837P (Professional Claim) | `parse(text, payer_config: PayerConfig, input_file="") -> ParseResult` | `cyclone.parsers.models.ParseResult` | `minimal_837p.txt`, `co_medicaid_837p.txt` | `PayerConfig` (CO Medicaid default) |
+| `parse_835.py` | 835 (ERA / Remittance) | `parse(text, payer_config: PayerConfig835, input_file="") -> ParseResult835` | `cyclone.parsers.models_835.ParseResult835` | `minimal_835.txt`, `co_medicaid_835.txt`, `unbalanced_835.txt` | `PayerConfig835` |
+| `parse_999.py` | 999 (Implementation ACK) | `parse_999_text(text, *, input_file="") -> ParseResult999` | `cyclone.parsers.models_999.ParseResult999` | `minimal_999.txt`, `minimal_999_rejected.txt` | none — single-shape ack |
+| `parse_277ca.py` | 277CA (Claim ACK) | `parse_277ca_text(text, *, input_file="") -> ParseResult277CA` | `cyclone.parsers.models_277ca.ParseResult277CA` | `minimal_277ca.txt`, `minimal_277ca_rejected_only.txt`, `minimal_277ca_st277.txt` | `PayerConfig277CA` (config-driven) |
+| `parse_270.py` | 270 (Eligibility Inquiry) | `parse(text, *, input_file="") -> ParseResult270` | `cyclone.parsers.models_270.ParseResult270` | `minimal_270.txt` | reuses `PayerConfig` shape |
+| `parse_271.py` | 271 (Eligibility Response) | `parse(text, *, input_file="") -> ParseResult271` | `cyclone.parsers.models_271.ParseResult271` | `minimal_271.txt` | reuses `PayerConfig` shape |
+| `parse_ta1.py` | TA1 (Interchange ACK) | `parse_ta1_text(text, *, input_file="") -> ParseResultTa1` | `cyclone.parsers.models_ta1.ParseResultTa1` | `minimal_ta1.txt` | none — single-shape ack |
+
+Companion modules (not parsers, but shipped alongside):
+
+| Module | Role |
+|---|---|
+| `segments.py` | `Delimiters`, `_detect_delimiters`, `tokenize(text) -> list[list[str]]` |
+| `models.py` | Pydantic models for 837P (`ParseResult`, `ClaimOutput`, `Envelope`, `BatchSummary`, `ValidationIssue`, `ValidationReport`, …) |
+| `models_835.py` / `models_270.py` / `models_271.py` / `models_277ca.py` / `models_999.py` / `models_ta1.py` | Pydantic models for each transaction type |
+| `payer.py` | `PayerConfig` + `PayerConfig835` factories |
+| `exceptions.py` | `CycloneParseError`, `CycloneValidationError` |
+| `cas_codes.py` | CARC lookup: `reason_label(group, reason)`, `all_known_codes()`, `LAST_UPDATED` |
+| `validator.py` | 837P rules: R010–R100, R200–R210; `validate(claim, config) -> ValidationReport` |
+| `validator_835.py` | 835 rules: `R835_*` (e.g. `R835_BPR01_handling_code_allowed`); `validate(result, cfg) -> ValidationReport` |
+| `serialize_270.py` / `serialize_837.py` / `serialize_999.py` | Outbound (Cyclone → payer) serializers — mirror of `parse_*` |
+| `writer.py` / `writer_835.py` | Output writers (one JSON per claim) |
+| `batch_ack_builder.py` | `build_ack_for_batch` — produces a 999 for a parsed 837 batch |
+| `__init__.py` | Lazy PEP 562 re-exports (`parse`, `parse_835`, `parse_999`, `parse_270`, `parse_271`, `parse_277ca`, plus all models) |
+
+Fixture rule: every parser ships at least one flat fixture in
+`backend/tests/fixtures/<edi>-sample.txt`. Prodfiles sources live in
+`docs/prodfiles/{837p-from-axiscare,835fromco,FromHPE,claims}/` — copy
+from there, never reach in from a test.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+---
+name: cyclone-frontend-page
+description: "Cyclone React page conventions (TanStack Query, use<X> hook, drawer, URL state, .test.tsx sibling, Layout / PageHeader / Sidebar). Use when: adding a new page, refactoring an existing one, or wiring a drawer into a page."
+---
+
+# cyclone-frontend-page
+
+Cyclone pages live at `src/pages/<Name>.tsx`: a `use<X>` hook in `src/hooks/use<X>.ts` does the fetching (and optionally the live-tail subscription), `<Layout>` + `<PageHeader>` + `<Sidebar>` (`src/components/`) provide the app shell, and any right-side detail (claim, remittance) lives in `src/components/<DrawerName>/` whose open/close state is mirrored to the URL via `useDrawerUrlState`. This skill codifies the conventions so additions stay consistent with the eleven pages already shipped.
+
+As of this writing: **11 pages** under `src/pages/` (9 of 11 with a `*.test.tsx` sibling — Dashboard, Upload, and BatchDiff are not yet covered; be the first when you refactor them), **~30 hooks** under `src/hooks/`, and **2 drawer modules** at `src/components/{ClaimDrawer,RemitDrawer}/`. The next increment is **SP22**.
+
+## When to use
+
+- **Adding a new page.** Mounting a new screen in `src/pages/` — you need the Layout + PageHeader + table shape, the `use<X>` hook split, and the route registration point in `src/App.tsx`.
+- **Refactoring an existing page.** Splitting a 600-line page, swapping a manual `fetch` for a hook, or moving in-component state into the URL — load this skill to confirm the destination shape.
+- **Wiring a drawer.** Adding a new right-side detail drawer (e.g. `BatchDrawer`, `ActivityDrawer`) — you need `useDrawerUrlState` for URL-driven open/close, the `src/components/<DrawerName>/` folder layout, and the deep-link contract so `?claim=…` / `?remit=…` round-trips.
+- **Sharing state via URL.** Persisting filter / page / drawer state across reloads — confirm the `useDrawerUrlState` / `useRemitDrawerUrlState` hook pair is the right tool before reaching for `useState` + history.
+
+## Conventions
+
+1. **Page shape.** Every page in `src/pages/<Name>.tsx` exports a `function <Name>()` (most pages use a named export — see `src/pages/Claims.tsx:51`, `Remittances.tsx:62`, `Dashboard.tsx:68`; `src/pages/Inbox.tsx:40` is the lone default export). The app shell is provided by the `<Layout>` route wrapper in `src/App.tsx:30`. Each page sets a `<PageHeader>` (`src/components/PageHeader.tsx:18`) and renders a table, list, or KPI grid. Sidebar nav is mounted once by `<Layout>` at `src/components/Sidebar.tsx`.
+2. **Data hook.** Each page pairs with a `use<X>` hook in `src/hooks/use<X>.ts` (e.g. `Claims` ↔ `useClaims`, `Remittances` ↔ `useRemittances`, `Acks` ↔ `useAcks`). The hook returns `{ data, isLoading, isError, error, refetch }` from TanStack Query's `useQuery` (see `src/hooks/useClaims.ts:24-31`, `useRemittances.ts:21-25`). Pages never call `fetch` or `@/lib/api` directly — the hook is the boundary so the page is testable with `vi.mock("@/lib/api", ...)`.
+3. **Live tail.** Pages with live data compose three hooks in order: the `use<X>` initial fetch, `useTailStream(resource)` (`src/hooks/useTailStream.ts:80` — opens the NDJSON stream, drives the backoff/stall state machine), and `useMergedTail(resource, baseItems, filterFn?)` (`src/hooks/useMergedTail.ts:25` — merges snapshot + tail, dedup'd by id). The full wiring lives at `src/pages/Claims.tsx:85-89` and `Remittances.tsx:81-83`. The streaming subscription belongs on the page, not in the data hook — hoisting it couples the lifecycle to whoever mounts `use<X>`.
+4. **Drawer.** Right-side detail drawers live in `src/components/<DrawerName>/` (currently `ClaimDrawer/`, `RemitDrawer/`) with a barrel `index.ts` (`src/components/ClaimDrawer/index.ts:1-14`). The drawer is wired to URL state via `useDrawerUrlState()` for `?claim=…` (`src/hooks/useDrawerUrlState.ts`) or `useRemitDrawerUrlState()` for `?remit=…` (`src/hooks/useRemitDrawerUrlState.ts`). Open state is driven by the URL, not a `useState` flag, so deep-links round-trip.
+5. **Tests.** Every page gets a `src/pages/<Name>.test.tsx` sibling (e.g. `Claims.test.tsx`, `Remittances.test.tsx`, `Batches.test.tsx`). Every hook gets a `src/hooks/use<X>.test.ts` sibling (e.g. `useClaims.test.ts`, `useRemittances.test.ts`). The shared setup — `// @vitest-environment happy-dom`, `IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true`, `QueryClient` provider, `vi.mock("@/lib/api", ...)` — is documented in `cyclone-tests`; mirror `src/pages/Claims.test.tsx:1-30` for the canonical page-test shape.
+6. **UI primitives.** Use Radix-backed components from `src/components/ui/` (`button.tsx`, `dialog.tsx`, `table.tsx`, `select.tsx`, `pagination.tsx`, `empty-state.tsx`, `error-state.tsx`, `filter-chips.tsx`, `skeleton.tsx`, `input.tsx`, `label.tsx`, `card.tsx`, `badge.tsx`, `skip-link.tsx`, `claim-state-badge.tsx`). Don't pull in a new UI library without discussion — every primitive here is already consumed by at least one shipped page.
+7. **Routing.** Pages register their route in `src/App.tsx` as a `<Route path="<name>" element={<<Name>> />} />` inside the `<Layout>` element wrapper (`src/App.tsx:30-44`). Currently every page is a static import; switch to `React.lazy(() => import(...))` only if a page grows heavy (large parse/EDI libs, chart code) and the import cost shows up in the bundle report.
+
+## Patterns
+
+### `Claims.tsx`-style page (Layout + PageHeader + table + drawer)
+
+Canonical page shape — composes the data hook, the tail triplet, and
+`useDrawerUrlState` for the `?claim=…` deep-link. See
+`src/pages/Claims.tsx:51-200` for the full file.
+
+```tsx
+import { useMemo, useState } from "react";
+import { Table, TableBody, TableRow, /* … */ } from "@/components/ui/table";
+import { PageHeader } from "@/components/PageHeader";
+import { ClaimDrawer } from "@/components/ClaimDrawer";
+import { useClaims } from "@/hooks/useClaims";
+import { useDrawerUrlState } from "@/hooks/useDrawerUrlState";
+import { useTailStream } from "@/hooks/useTailStream";
+import { useMergedTail } from "@/hooks/useMergedTail";
+import { TailStatusPill } from "@/components/TailStatusPill";
+
+export function Claims() {
+  const [status, setStatus] = useState<ClaimStatus | null>(null);
+  const params = useMemo(() => ({ status, limit: 25, offset: 0 }), [status]);
+
+  const { data } = useClaims(params);
+  const { status: tailStatus, lastEventAt, forceReconnect } = useTailStream("claims");
+  const items = useMergedTail("claims", data?.items ?? [], (c) => !status || c.status === status);
+  const { claimId, openClaim, closeClaim } = useDrawerUrlState();
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <PageHeader
+        eyebrow="Inbox"
+        title="Claims"
+        status={<TailStatusPill status={tailStatus} lastEventAt={lastEventAt} onReconnect={forceReconnect} />}
+      />
+      <Table>
+        <TableBody>
+          {items.map((c) => (
+            <TableRow key={c.id} onClick={() => openClaim(c.id)}>{/* …cells… */}</TableRow>
+          ))}
+        </TableBody>
+      </Table>
+      <ClaimDrawer claimId={claimId} claims={items} onClose={closeClaim} onNavigate={openClaim} />
+    </>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+### `use<X>` data hook (TanStack Query)
+
+Pattern from `src/hooks/useClaims.ts:24-67` and `useRemittances.ts:21-65`.
+Returns a stable shape so the page treats all data hooks uniformly.
+The tail subscription lives on the page (see Convention 3), not here.
+
+```ts
+import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import { api, type ListClaimsParams, type PaginatedResponse } from "@/lib/api";
+import type { Claim } from "@/types";
+
+export function useClaims(params: ListClaimsParams) {
+  return useQuery<PaginatedResponse<Claim>>({
+    queryKey: ["claims", params],
+    queryFn: () => api.listClaims<Claim>(params),
+    enabled: api.isConfigured,
+    // …in-memory fallback when !api.isConfigured…
+  });
+}
+```
+
+### Drawer component with `useDrawerUrlState`
+
+Pattern from `src/components/ClaimDrawer/ClaimDrawer.tsx:1-50` +
+`src/hooks/useDrawerUrlState.ts`. The drawer takes `claimId` as a
+prop (driven by the URL), renders nothing when `null`, and uses
+`useDrawerKeyboard` for j/k navigation + Escape to close. The page
+that mounts it controls the URL — `openClaim("abc")` sets `?claim=abc`,
+removing the param closes the drawer, and reload preserves the state.
+
+```tsx
+import { Dialog, DialogContent } from "@/components/ui/dialog";
+import { useClaimDetail } from "@/hooks/useClaimDetail";
+import { useDrawerKeyboard } from "@/hooks/useDrawerKeyboard";
+
+export function ClaimDrawer({ claimId, claims, onClose, onNavigate, onToggleHelp }) {
+  const open = claimId !== null;
+  const { data, isLoading, isError, error } = useClaimDetail(claimId);
+  useDrawerKeyboard({ open, claims, onClose, onNavigate, onToggleHelp });
+  if (!open) return null;
+  return (
+    <Dialog open onOpenChange={(o) => !o && onClose()}>
+      <DialogContent>{/* header + body panels from useClaimDetail… */}</DialogContent>
+    </Dialog>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+## Anti-patterns
+
+- **Don't `fetch` from inside a page component.** All API access goes through the `use<X>` hook in `src/hooks/use<X>.ts`. Pages that reach for `fetch(...)` directly can't be tested with `vi.mock("@/lib/api", ...)` and split the data lifecycle across files. The hook returns `{ data, isLoading, isError, error, refetch }` so the page is a pure renderer.
+- **Don't open a drawer via local component state.** A `const [open, setOpen] = useState(false)` for a drawer breaks deep-links and reload-restore. Use `useDrawerUrlState()` (claim) or `useRemitDrawerUrlState()` (remit) so the URL is the single source of truth.
+- **Don't put domain logic in JSX.** Conditional renderings, table sorting, and KPI math all belong in the `use<X>` hook or a pure helper under `src/lib/` (e.g. `src/lib/format.ts` for currency / date formatting). JSX is for layout; mixing in `items.filter(...).sort(...)` inline is hard to test and hides behavior from the hook.
+- **Don't call `useTailStream` from inside a `use<X>` hook.** The streaming subscription belongs on the page (see `src/pages/Claims.tsx:85-89`). Hoisting it into `useClaims` couples the open/close lifecycle of the page to whoever mounts the hook, and breaks the one-resource-one-page ownership that the backoff/stall state machine assumes.
+- **Don't import a new UI library to render a button, modal, or table.** Radix-backed primitives in `src/components/ui/` already cover every widget the shipped pages use. Reach for a new library only after the primitive gap is real and the proposal is in a spec / PR.
+
+## Related skills
+
+- **`cyclone-tail`** — load for any live-data page (Claims, Remittances, ActivityLog). Documents the `useTailStream` + `useMergedTail` triplet, the `<TailStatusPill>` wiring, and the 30s stall threshold (`STALL_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000` at `useTailStream.ts:53`).
+- **`cyclone-api-router`** — load when a page is calling a new HTTP endpoint. Documents `api_routers/<topic>.py` vs. inline `api.py` registration and the response / error-envelope shapes.
+- **`cyclone-tests`** — load when adding the `*.test.tsx` sibling. Documents the `// @vitest-environment happy-dom` setup, `IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true`, the `@testing-library/react` vs. `createRoot`+`Probe` rendering styles, and the `vi.mock("@/lib/api")` convention.
+- **`cyclone-edi`** — load when a page renders parsed 837P / 835 / 999 / 270 / 271 / 277CA / TA1 content (ServiceLinesTable, CAS panels, ValidationPanel). Documents the parser modules, the R-coded validator rules, and the CAS / CARC / NPI / EIN helpers.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+---
+name: cyclone-spec
+description: "Cyclone SP-N superpowers increment flow — spec → plan → implement → merge. Use when: starting a new numbered feature increment, naming a branch, opening a SP-N PR, or doing the merge dance into main."
+---
+
+# cyclone-spec
+
+The Cyclone repo ships every new feature as a numbered **SP-N increment**:
+a spec, a plan, an implementation branch, and a single atomic merge commit
+into `main`. This skill encodes the conventions so every increment follows
+the same shape and the commit history stays auditable.
+
+As of this writing: **16 specs** in `docs/superpowers/specs/`, **12 plans**
+in `docs/superpowers/plans/`, and SP numbers used through **SP21** (the
+universal-drilldown design in progress). The next increment is **SP22**.
+
+## When to use
+
+- **Starting a new feature increment.** You are about to add a numbered
+  feature, fix that crosses subsystem boundaries, or anything bigger than
+  a one-line change. Before you write code, reserve the next SP number and
+  write the spec.
+- **Naming the spec / plan files or the branch.** You have a topic, a
+  date, and a number — and you need the exact path / branch shape so
+  existing scripts and reviewers can find the artifacts.
+- **Opening the SP-N PR.** You are about to push the branch and need the
+  PR title format and the commit-prefix conventions so the merge commit
+  reads cleanly.
+- **Doing the merge dance.** Review is approved and you're about to land
+  the branch into `main`. Use this skill to confirm the merge shape — no
+  squash, no rebase, one atomic merge commit.
+
+## Conventions
+
+1. **Numbering.** Reserve the next SP-N number — the next integer after
+   the highest `SP<n>` already used in `git log`. Never reuse a number,
+   even after deletion. Numbering is monotonic and lives in the merge
+   history.
+2. **Branch.** `sp<N>-<short-kebab-topic>` — e.g. `sp22-line-reconciliation`,
+   `sp9-multi-payer-npi`. Kebab-case, lowercase, no spaces, no slashes.
+   The branch name is the canonical handle for the increment.
+3. **Spec path.** `docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-cyclone-<topic>-design.md`
+   with header `Status: Draft, pending user review`. One spec per
+   increment. Real examples: `2026-06-19-cyclone-db-reconciliation-design.md`
+   (SP3), `2026-06-20-cyclone-multi-payer-npi-sftp-design.md` (SP9).
+4. **Plan path.** `docs/superpowers/plans/YYYY-MM-DD-cyclone-<topic>.md`.
+   Header per the upstream `superpowers:writing-plans` skill: a
+   `For agentic workers:` line that names
+   `superpowers:subagent-driven-development` or
+   `superpowers:executing-plans`, plus a `Goal / Architecture / Tech
+   Stack / Spec` metadata block, then numbered tasks with
+   `- [ ] Step N:` checkboxes.
+5. **Commit prefix.** All commits on the branch follow these prefixes —
+   they make the SP-N merge commit readable and let `git log --grep`
+   filter cleanly:
+   - `feat(sp<N>): …` — implementation commits (e.g. `feat(sp20): NPI Luhn checksum + Tax ID format validation`).
+   - `docs(spec): …` — landing the spec (e.g. `docs(spec): design for CycloneStore split (Step 4)`).
+   - `docs(plan): …` — landing the plan.
+   - `merge: SP<N> <topic> into main` — the merge commit itself (e.g. `merge: SP14 5-lane Inbox UI + acknowledge action into main`).
+6. **PR title.** `SP<N> <Topic>` — e.g. `SP22 Line reconciliation`.
+   Matches the merge-commit subject so GitHub's "merged PR" view and the
+   `git log` entry are identical strings.
+7. **Merge shape.** A single atomic merge commit into `main` after
+   review. **No squash** — squash collapses the per-commit history and
+   breaks the SP-N audit trail. **No rebase** — rebase rewrites the SHAs
+   the PR review was performed against. The SP-N merge commit *is* the
+   record of the increment landing.
+
+## Patterns
+
+### Spec header (canonical SP-N shape, post-SP9)
+
+This is the canonical header for new specs. Older specs (pre-SP9) deviate
+slightly — different title style, no Branch or Aesthetic direction line —
+and have not been retroactively normalized. **Use this template for any
+new SP-N spec.**
+
+```markdown
+# Sub-project <N> — <Topic>: Design Spec
+
+ **Date:** YYYY-MM-DD
+ **Status:** Draft, awaiting user sign-off
+ **Branch:** `sp<N>-<short-kebab-topic>`
+ **Aesthetic direction:** <one line — e.g. "No new UI" or "Modern (geometric sans + bold borders + electric blue accent)">
+
+ ## 1. Scope
+ <2-6 lines: what's in, what's out, with explicit out-of-scope list>
+```
+
+Worked example (matches this template): `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-20-cyclone-multi-payer-npi-sftp-design.md`.
+
+### Plan header (every SP-N plan starts with this)
+
+```markdown
+# <Topic> Implementation Plan
+
+> **For agentic workers:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use
+> superpowers:subagent-driven-development (recommended) or
+> superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task. Steps
+> use checkbox (`- [ ]`) syntax for tracking.
+
+ **Goal:** <one sentence — the outcome>
+ **Architecture:** <one paragraph — how it's structured>
+ **Tech Stack:** <comma-separated list>
+ **Spec:** [`docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-cyclone-<topic>-design.md`](../specs/...)
+
+ ---
+
+ ## File structure
+ <tree of new / modified files>
+
+ ## Task 0: <setup>
+ ## Task 1: <first user-visible step>
+ …
+```
+
+Real examples: `docs/superpowers/plans/2026-06-21-cyclone-skill-catalog.md`,
+`docs/superpowers/plans/2026-06-21-cyclone-store-split.md`.
+
+## Anti-patterns
+
+- **Don't skip the spec ("it's a small fix").** Small fixes still get a
+  3-line spec when they introduce a new numbered increment. The spec is
+  the *what* and the audit trail; the plan is the *how*. Without a spec
+  the merge commit has no anchor.
+- **Don't squash the merge commit.** The SP-N merge commit is the audit
+  trail — it tells future you exactly which feature landed and which
+  commits composed it. Squash collapses that into one opaque commit and
+  the per-commit history is lost.
+- **Don't put code in the spec — the spec is the *what*, the plan is the
+  *how*.** Specs describe scope, goals, non-goals, and decisions. Code
+  snippets belong in the plan (with checkbox steps) or in the diff, not
+  in the spec. SP-N specs in this repo routinely have **zero** code
+  blocks.
+
+## Related skills
+
+- **`cyclone-tests`** — every spec lists test impact; load this when
+  drafting or reviewing the spec to confirm fixture / `.test.tsx`
+  implications.
+- **`cyclone-edi`** — load when the SP-N increment touches an EDI parser,
+  validator rule, or CAS mapping.
+- **`cyclone-tail`** — load when the increment changes the live-tail wire
+  format or adds a streaming page.
+- **`cyclone-store`** — load when the increment adds a write-path,
+  touches `store.py`, or wires a new `<entity>_written` event.
+- **`cyclone-api-router`** — load when the increment adds or changes an
+  HTTP endpoint in `api_routers/`.
+- **`cyclone-frontend-page`** — load when the increment adds or
+  refactors a page in `src/pages/`.
+- **`cyclone-cli`** — load when the increment adds a CLI subcommand or
+  changes exit codes.
+- **`superpowers:brainstorming`** (global) — run before the spec to lock
+  the scope / decisions in the spec's `## Decisions (locked during
+  brainstorming)` section.
+- **`superpowers:writing-plans`** (global) — produces the plan header
+  format every SP-N plan follows.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-store/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+---
+name: cyclone-store
+description: "Cyclone store write-paths, the pubsub event contract (claim_written / remittance_written / activity_recorded), and the SP21 store-split boundary map. Use when: touching store.py, adding a new entity, wiring a new write event, or splitting a store module."
+---
+
+# cyclone-store
+
+Cyclone persists every parsed X12 batch through one facade,
+`CycloneStore` (`backend/src/cyclone/store.py:882`). Every write
+inserts the row AND publishes a pubsub event on the in-process
+`EventBus` (`backend/src/cyclone/pubsub.py:20`) so live-tail pages
+see new rows the moment they land. The event contract is the seam
+between persistence and streaming — a wrong event name silently
+goes stale.
+
+As of this writing: the store is a **single 2412-line module** and
+the SP21 split into `backend/src/cyclone/store/` is in progress.
+Three event kinds: `claim_written`, `remittance_written`,
+`activity_recorded`. Next: **SP22**.
+
+## When to use
+
+- **Adding a new entity.** You need a new ORM model + write method +
+  event kind + snapshot serializer and want to know where each piece
+  lives (current monolith vs. post-SP21 module).
+- **Wiring a new write event.** You're adding a `<entity>_written`
+  event and need both the publish call in the store AND the
+  subscribe call in the live-tail endpoint to stay in sync.
+- **Debugging a write-path issue.** A page isn't reflecting new
+  rows, the DB has the row but the stream is silent, or the publish
+  raises and rolls back the transaction.
+- **Splitting a store module.** You're moving a domain out of
+  `store.py` into its own module under `backend/src/cyclone/store/`
+  and need the SP21 module list + facade re-export rules.
+
+## Conventions
+
+1. **All writes go through `CycloneStore`.** Route handlers and
+   parsers must not write directly to the ORM session. The facade
+   opens a short-lived session via `db.SessionLocal()()`. Direct ORM
+   access is the #1 way the live-tail contract gets bypassed (no
+   event published → page silently goes stale). Read paths are
+   similar — prefer the facade's `iter_*` / `get_*` methods over raw
+   `s.execute(select(...))`.
+2. **Every write publishes an event.** The event name matches the
+   entity: `claim_written`, `remittance_written`,
+   `activity_recorded` (the trailing `_recorded` signals a
+   non-canonical row — activity events are derived, not first-class;
+   current names at `store.py:1072,1081,1096`). New entities get
+   `<entity>_written`; activity-style side rows get
+   `<entity>_recorded`. Publish is **best-effort** — failures are
+   logged but never roll back the persisted batch
+   (`store.py:1097-1098`).
+3. **Snapshot shape.** Each entity has a `to_ui_<entity>` serializer
+   (plain Python function returning a dict) — currently
+   `to_ui_claim`, `to_ui_remittance`, `to_ui_claim_from_orm`,
+   `to_ui_remittance_from_orm`, `to_ui_provider`. Post-SP21 these
+   move to `backend/src/cyclone/store/ui.py`. The serializer is the
+   single source of truth for what the frontend sees — every event
+   payload MUST match what the matching list endpoint returns for
+   that row (`store.py:1052-1054`).
+4. **SP21 boundaries.** Post-split, each domain lives in its own
+   module under `backend/src/cyclone/store/`: `__init__.py` (facade
+   + `CycloneStore` class), `exceptions.py`, `records.py`,
+   `orm_builders.py`, `ui.py`, `write.py`, `batches.py`,
+   `claim_detail.py`, `acks.py`, `backups.py`, `inbox.py`,
+   `providers.py`. Cross-module writes go through `CycloneStore`
+   facade methods, not direct module access. The facade re-exports
+   every name callers currently import from `cyclone.store`. Full
+   list: `docs/superpowers/plans/2026-06-21-cyclone-store-split.md:25-37`.
+5. **No business logic in route handlers.** A route handler validates
+   input, calls `store.<method>(...)`, passes the `event_bus`,
+   returns the serialized result. Reconciliation, idempotency
+   checks, CAS adjustment persistence — all live in the store.
+
+## Patterns
+
+### A `CycloneStore.add` write — publishes events from inserted rows
+
+Taken from `backend/src/cyclone/store.py:898-1107`. The method opens
+a session, inserts rows, then runs a sync `_publish_events_sync`
+after commit so subscribers can immediately re-fetch consistent data.
+
+```python
+def add(
+    self,
+    record: BatchRecord,
+    *,
+    event_bus: "EventBus | None" = None,
+) -> None:
+    inserted_claim_ids: list[str] = []
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        s.add(Batch(id=record.id, kind=record.kind, ...))
+        if isinstance(record, BatchRecord837):
+            for claim in record.result.claims:
+                if s.get(Claim, claim.claim_id) is not None:
+                    continue                       # idempotency: skip dupes
+                s.add(_claim_837_row(claim, record.id))
+                s.add(ActivityEvent(kind="claim_submitted", ...))
+                inserted_claim_ids.append(claim.claim_id)
+        # ... 835 branch + flush + cas adjustments ...
+        s.commit()
+
+    if event_bus is not None and inserted_claim_ids:
+        self._publish_events_sync(event_bus, record, inserted_claim_ids)
+
+def _publish_events_sync(self, event_bus, record, claim_ids):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        for cid in claim_ids:
+            ui = to_ui_claim_from_orm(s.get(Claim, cid), ...)
+            self._sync_publish(event_bus, "claim_written", ui)
+        # ... remittance + activity loops ...
+```
+
+`EventBus.publish` is async but the body is pure sync `put_nowait`,
+so the store calls `_sync_publish` directly to avoid forcing sync
+FastAPI handlers to await.
+
+### Backend `/api/<resource>/stream` endpoint — subscribes to the event
+
+Taken from `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:1380-1401`. Two phases — eager
+snapshot, then live subscription — wrapped in `StreamingResponse`
+with `media_type="application/x-ndjson"`.
+
+```python
+@app.get("/api/claims/stream")
+async def claims_stream(request: Request, ...) -> StreamingResponse:
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        rows = store.iter_claims(status=status, ...)         # 1. Snapshot
+        for row in rows:
+            yield _ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": row})
+        yield _ndjson_line({"type": "snapshot_end", "data": {"count": len(rows)}})
+
+        async for chunk in _tail_events(request, bus, ["claim_written"]):  # 2. Live
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")
+```
+
+`_ndjson_line` and `_tail_events` live in
+`backend/src/cyclone/api_helpers.py`. The `["remittance_written"]`
+and `["activity_recorded"]` subscriptions are at `api.py:1891,2002`.
+
+### Backend test — asserts both the row AND the event landed
+
+The autouse `conftest.py` (`backend/tests/conftest.py:20`) wires a
+fresh `EventBus` onto `app.state` per test.
+
+```python
+def test_publishes_claim_written_event(client: TestClient) -> None:
+    bus = app.state.event_bus
+    resp = client.post("/api/parse-837",
+                       files={"file": ("x.837", MINIMAL_837, "text/plain")})
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert list(store.iter_claims(limit=10))             # row landed
+
+    queues = bus._subscribers.get("claim_written", [])    # event published
+    assert queues
+    evt = queues[0].get_nowait()
+    assert evt["_kind"] == "claim_written"
+```
+
+## Anti-patterns
+
+- **Don't read directly from the ORM in a route handler — go through
+  the snapshot serializer.** A handler that does
+  `with db.SessionLocal()() as s: row = s.get(Claim, cid); return row`
+  bypasses `to_ui_claim_from_orm` and silently drifts from the event
+  payload shape. Always call `store.get_claim_detail(cid)` (or the
+  equivalent `get_*` facade method).
+- **Don't introduce a new event name without updating the subscriber
+  list.** Today every `<entity>_written` event has exactly one
+  consumer — the matching `/api/<resource>/stream` endpoint,
+  currently in `backend/src/cyclone/api.py` (claims at `:1398`,
+  remittances at `:1891`, activity at `:2002`). Any future split
+  into `backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/` must wire the same
+  subscription.
+- **Don't merge a write method with its event publication into
+  separate places.** `_publish_events_sync` lives next to `add` in
+  `store.py:1042-1107` so reviewers see both halves of the contract
+  in one diff. Post-SP21 the same rule applies.
+- **Don't make the publish call blocking on commit failures.**
+  Publish errors are caught and logged at `store.py:1097-1098`; a
+  failing subscriber MUST NOT roll back the persisted batch. The
+  batch is the source of truth; the event is the cache-invalidation
+  hint.
+
+## Related skills
+
+- **`cyclone-edi`** — the parsed `ClaimOutput` / `ParseResult<EDI>`
+  lands in the store via `CycloneStore.add`.
+- **`cyclone-api-router`** — the route that calls `store.<method>(...)`
+  and (for stream endpoints) subscribes to the matching
+  `<entity>_written` event.
+- **`cyclone-tail`** — the consumer side of the event contract;
+  load when changing the wire format or adding a streaming hook.
+- **`cyclone-tests`** — write-path tests live under `backend/tests/`
+  and assert both the DB row and the event payload.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+---
+name: cyclone-tail
+description: "Cyclone live-tail streaming wire format and the useTailStream / useMergedTail hook triplet. Use when: adding a new streaming list page, changing the wire format, debugging stalled/reconnecting state, or modifying the StatusPill behavior."
+---
+
+# cyclone-tail
+
+Cyclone keeps the Claims, Remittances, and Activity pages live without
+polling: every store write publishes an internal EventBus event, the
+page opens a `GET /api/<resource>/stream` HTTP/1.1 chunked-NDJSON
+connection, and new rows land in the table the moment they hit the
+database. This skill codifies the wire format, the hook triplet, and
+the backoff/stall machinery so additions stay consistent with the
+three streaming pages already shipped (`Claims`, `Remittances`,
+`ActivityLog`).
+
+## When to use
+
+- **Adding a new streaming page.** Mounting `useTailStream(resource)`
+  on a page — you need the hook triplet shape (initial fetch +
+  `useTailStream` + `useMergedTail`), the `<TailStatusPill>` wiring,
+  and the dedup rules in `useMergedTail`.
+- **Changing the wire format.** Adding a new event type — update
+  `TailEvent` in `src/lib/tail-stream.ts:22-44`, the dispatch switch
+  in `src/hooks/useTailStream.ts:173-195`, the emitter in
+  `backend/src/cyclone/api_helpers.py:tail_events()`, and
+  `references/wire-format.md`.
+- **Debugging stalled/reconnecting state.** Confirm whether the
+  backend is heartbeating (`CYCLONE_TAIL_HEARTBEAT_S`, default `15s`)
+  or the stall timer fired (`STALL_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000` at
+  `src/hooks/useTailStream.ts:53`).
+- **Tuning heartbeat/stall timing.** Changing the 30s stall threshold
+  or the 15s heartbeat interval — README's "Status pill" + "Knobs"
+  tables need to stay in sync (`README.md:109-129`).
+
+## Conventions
+
+1. **Wire format.** Newline-delimited JSON. Every line is
+   `{"type": ..., "data": ...}`. Known `type` values: `item`
+   (per-row envelope), `snapshot_end` (`{"count": N}` marker after the
+   snapshot), `heartbeat` (`{"ts": "<iso-8601>"}` keep-alive),
+   `item_dropped` (`{"id": "..."}` queue-overflow notice), `error`
+   (`{"message": "..."}` promoted to a thrown error by the hook).
+   Defined at `src/lib/tail-stream.ts:22-44`; emitted by
+   `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:1357-2006`. See
+   `references/wire-format.md`.
+2. **Hook triplet.** Streaming pages compose three pieces:
+   `useTailStream(resource)` (`src/hooks/useTailStream.ts:80` — opens
+   the stream, drives the backoff/stall state machine, dispatches
+   `item` events into `useTailStore`),
+   `useMergedTail(resource, baseItems, filterFn?)`
+   (`src/hooks/useMergedTail.ts:25` — returns
+   `baseItems + tailSlice` dedup'd against `baseItems`), and a
+   per-resource initial-fetch hook (`useClaims`, `useRemittances`,
+   `useActivity`). The page wires all three — see
+   `src/pages/Claims.tsx:87-89`.
+3. **Stall threshold.** 30 seconds of total silence — heartbeats
+   included — flips status to `stalled` and surfaces the
+   `↻ Reconnect` button on `<TailStatusPill>`. Constant:
+   `STALL_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000` at `src/hooks/useTailStream.ts:53`.
+   Re-armed on every event including `heartbeat` and `item_dropped`
+   (`useTailStream.ts:124-140`). Don't change without updating
+   `README.md:109-123`.
+4. **Snapshot first.** Every stream emits the snapshot before any
+   live `item` events, then closes with exactly one `snapshot_end`
+   carrying `{"count": N}`. The hook uses `snapshot_end` to flip
+   `<TailStatusPill>` from `connecting` to `live` and to reset the
+   reconnect backoff counter (`useTailStream.ts:174-180`).
+5. **Content-Type.** Stream endpoints respond with
+   `media_type="application/x-ndjson"` — see
+   `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:1401,1894,2005`. Frontend sets
+   `Accept: application/x-ndjson` at `src/lib/tail-stream.ts:67-70`.
+   Never `application/json` for a stream endpoint.
+6. **Backoff.** Transient errors retry with `1s → 2s → 4s → 8s → 16s
+   → 30s` capped — `BACKOFF_STEPS_MS` at
+   `src/hooks/useTailStream.ts:48-50`. Counter resets on every
+   `snapshot_end`.
+7. **Heartbeat knob.** Idle heartbeat interval is configurable via
+   `CYCLONE_TAIL_HEARTBEAT_S` (default `15`, parsed at call time in
+   `backend/src/cyclone/api_helpers.py:185-198`). Tests override to
+   a small value to keep runtime bounded.
+
+## Patterns
+
+### Page-hook skeleton — `Claims.tsx`
+
+Pattern from `src/pages/Claims.tsx:85-90`. Three hooks in order:
+`useClaims(params)` (initial TanStack Query fetch),
+`useTailStream("claims")` (opens the stream, owns status state), and
+`useMergedTail("claims", data?.items ?? [], tailFilterFn)` (combines
+initial snapshot with live tail, dedup'd by id, filtered by the page's
+predicate applied AFTER dedup at `useMergedTail.ts:72-74`).
+
+```ts
+import { useClaims } from "@/hooks/useClaims";
+import { useTailStream } from "@/hooks/useTailStream";
+import { useMergedTail } from "@/hooks/useMergedTail";
+
+export function ClaimsPage() {
+  const { data } = useClaims({ status: "submitted" });
+  const { status, lastEventAt, forceReconnect } = useTailStream("claims");
+  const tailFilterFn = (c: Claim) => c.status === "submitted";
+  const items = useMergedTail("claims", data?.items ?? [], tailFilterFn);
+  // <TailStatusPill status={status} lastEventAt={lastEventAt}
+  //   onReconnect={forceReconnect} /> + <Table items={items} />
+}
+```
+
+### Backend `/api/foo/stream` endpoint
+
+Pattern from `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:1357-1401`. Register BEFORE
+`/api/foo/{foo_id}` so the literal `stream` segment doesn't match as
+an id. Two phases — eager snapshot, then live subscription — wrapped
+in `StreamingResponse` with `media_type="application/x-ndjson"`.
+
+```python
+@app.get("/api/foo/stream")
+async def foo_stream(
+    request: Request,
+    status: str | None = Query(None),
+    limit: int = Query(100, ge=1, le=1000),
+) -> StreamingResponse:
+    bus: EventBus = request.app.state.event_bus
+
+    async def gen() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        # 1. Snapshot.
+        rows = store.iter_foos(status=status, limit=limit)
+        for row in rows:
+            yield _ndjson_line({"type": "item", "data": row})
+        yield _ndjson_line({"type": "snapshot_end", "data": {"count": len(rows)}})
+        # 2. Live subscription + heartbeats.
+        async for chunk in _tail_events(request, bus, ["foo_written"]):
+            yield chunk
+
+    return StreamingResponse(gen(), media_type="application/x-ndjson")
+```
+
+`_ndjson_line` and `_tail_events` live in
+`backend/src/cyclone/api_helpers.py`; the latter forwards EventBus
+events as `item` lines and emits `heartbeat` lines on the cadence
+from `heartbeat_seconds()`.
+
+### `<TailStatusPill>` wiring
+
+Pattern from `src/components/TailStatusPill.tsx:22-83`. The pill
+takes `status` + `lastEventAt` from `useTailStream` plus
+`forceReconnect` so the `↻ Reconnect` button wires to the hook's
+`reconnectNonce` bump (aborts and reopens the stream —
+`useTailStream.ts:99-101`). The button only renders when
+`status === "stalled" || status === "error"` (`TailStatusPill.tsx:52`).
+
+## Anti-patterns
+
+- **Don't hand-roll `fetch` + `ReadableStream` parsing in a page.**
+  All stream consumers go through `streamTail(resource, opts?)` at
+  `src/lib/tail-stream.ts:58`. The parser handles `TextDecoderStream`,
+  newline splitting, malformed-line tolerance (`console.warn` + skip),
+  the `KNOWN_TYPES` allowlist, and abort-on-signal semantics
+  (`tail-stream.ts:75,98,107`). Duplicating it loses all of those.
+- **Don't change the wire format on one endpoint without updating
+  the others.** The parser (`src/lib/tail-stream.ts`) and the hook
+  dispatch switch (`useTailStream.ts:173-195`) are shared across all
+  three live streams. Adding a new event type means updating
+  `TailEvent`, `KNOWN_TYPES`, the dispatch `case`, the `armStall`
+  re-arm list, and the backend emitter — in that order.
+- **Don't emit `item` events before `snapshot_end`.** The hook uses
+  `snapshot_end` as the marker to flip `<TailStatusPill>` from
+  `connecting` to `live` and to reset the reconnect backoff counter.
+  Emitting `item`s first lands rows in `useTailStore` but the UI
+  still reads "Connecting" — operators see a flash of stale state.
+  Emit snapshot, then `snapshot_end`, then live (`api.py:1386-1401`).
+- **Don't change the 30s stall threshold without updating the README
+  "Status pill" table.** The constant
+  (`STALL_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000` at `useTailStream.ts:53`) is the
+  contract the pill is documented against — a bump needs the matching
+  edit at `README.md:118`.
+- **Don't add `useTailStream` calls from `useFoo.ts` hooks.**
+  Streaming connections belong on the page (`src/pages/Claims.tsx`,
+  `Remittances.tsx`, `ActivityLog.tsx`). Hoisting into `useFoo`
+  couples the lifecycle to whoever mounts it and breaks
+  one-resource-one-page ownership.
+
+## Related skills
+
+- **`cyclone-frontend-page`** — page components live in `src/pages/`;
+  load when adding or refactoring a streaming page to confirm the
+  route + `PageHeader` + table conventions.
+- **`cyclone-api-router`** — endpoint conventions (`api_routers/` for
+  resource-group routers, `api.py` for the live-tail endpoints); load
+  when adding or changing an HTTP endpoint that surfaces streamed or
+  paginated data.
+- **`cyclone-store`** — write-path conventions in `store.py` and the
+  pubsub event contract (`claim_written`, `remittance_written`,
+  `activity_recorded`); load when adding a new entity whose writes
+  should fan out to a stream endpoint.
+- **`cyclone-tests`** — frontend `*.test.tsx` siblings cover
+  `useTailStream`, `useMergedTail`, `TailStatusPill`; backend
+  `test_api_stream_live.py` covers the three live-tail endpoints;
+  load when the increment changes wire-format behavior or adds a
+  streaming hook.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/references/wire-format.md

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Live-tail wire format — field reference
+
+The Cyclone live-tail NDJSON contract is owned by the frontend parser
+(`src/lib/tail-stream.ts:22-44`) and the backend emitter
+(`backend/src/cyclone/api_helpers.py:tail_events()` + the three
+endpoints in `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:1357-2006`). This file is the
+quick reference; the canonical prose lives in the README and the
+source-of-truth type definitions.
+
+## Source
+
+Wire format excerpt copied verbatim from `README.md:76-94` (the
+"Live updates → Wire format" section). The README is the user-facing
+exposition; this reference adds the per-line field semantics and the
+parser-tolerance rules from the code.
+
+> Each stream endpoint emits newline-delimited JSON. The first batch
+> is the **snapshot** of currently-known rows; after that comes
+> **`snapshot_end`** with the count, then the **live** events.
+>
+> ```json
+> {"type":"item","data":{"id":"CLM-1", "...":"..."}}
+> {"type":"item","data":{"id":"CLM-2", "...":"..."}}
+> {"type":"snapshot_end","data":{"count":2}}
+> {"type":"item","data":{"id":"CLM-3", "...":"..."}}   ← live
+> {"type":"heartbeat","data":{"ts":"2026-06-20T23:17:09Z"}}   ← idle keep-alive
+> ```
+>
+> Lines are `{"type": ..., "data": ...}`; known types are `item`,
+> `snapshot_end`, `heartbeat`, and (rare) `item_dropped` /
+> `error`. Heartbeats keep the connection alive when nothing is
+> happening — clients flip to `stalled` after 30s of total silence
+> (heartbeat or otherwise) and surface a **↻ Reconnect** button.
+
+## Per-line field reference
+
+| `type`         | `data` shape                              | Required? | Emitted by                                  | Parser behavior                              |
+| -------------- | ----------------------------------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
+| `item`         | resource-specific row (`Claim` / `Remittance` / `Activity`) | yes, in `data` (the per-row envelope) | snapshot loop + `_tail_events` forwarding `claim_written` / `remittance_written` / `activity_recorded` | `dispatch(resource, ev.data)` → `useTailStore.addClaim` / `addRemittance` / `addActivity` (first-write-wins dedup on the id-keyed slices — `tail-store.ts:104,120`). |
+| `snapshot_end` | `{"count": N}` (integer ≥ 0)              | yes, on every stream                       | `api.py:1395,1889,1999` (one per stream, after the snapshot loop) | Flips `<TailStatusPill>` from `connecting` to `live`, resets the reconnect backoff counter to 0 (`useTailStream.ts:174-180`). |
+| `heartbeat`    | `{"ts": "<iso-8601 UTC>"}`                | yes, but only when idle                    | `_tail_events` in `api_helpers.py:241-245` (cadence from `heartbeat_seconds()`, default 15s) | Re-arms the stall timer (`useTailStream.ts:124-140`); no state change. |
+| `item_dropped` | `{"id": "<string>"}`                      | optional (rare; queue overflow)            | EventBus drop-oldest path (per the spec at `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-20-cyclone-live-tail-design.md:299`) | Re-arms the stall timer; no state change. The `id` field is informational — the hook does not refetch on drop, the page does (see Spec §3.6). |
+| `error`        | `{"message": "<string>"}`                 | optional (server-side failure)            | Reserved for future server-emitted errors (currently only thrown client-side) | Hook promotes to a thrown `Error(message)` so the catch block runs the reconnect machinery (`useTailStream.ts:190-194`). |
+
+## Parser tolerance
+
+The shared parser at `src/lib/tail-stream.ts` is intentionally
+forgiving so a single bad frame doesn't kill the stream:
+
+- **Trailing `\r`** is stripped per line (`tail-stream.ts:116`) so a
+  CRLF-terminated stream still parses.
+- **Malformed JSON** (`JSON.parse` throws) → `console.warn` + skip the
+  line; the iterator continues (`tail-stream.ts:122-131`).
+- **Unknown `type`** (not in `KNOWN_TYPES`) → `console.warn` + skip
+  (`tail-stream.ts:141-148`). Adding a new event type is
+  forward-compatible: old clients see warn lines, new clients see the
+  typed event.
+- **Empty lines** (consecutive `\n`s) → silently skipped
+  (`tail-stream.ts:118`).
+- **No trailing newline** → flushed as a final partial line on
+  stream close (`tail-stream.ts:154-178`).
+- **Abort signal** → iterator exits cleanly without throwing
+  (`tail-stream.ts:75,98,107`).
+
+## Endpoint inventory
+
+| Method | Path                      | Subscribes to        | Default sort        | Defined at                          |
+| ------ | ------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
+| GET    | `/api/claims/stream`      | `claim_written`      | `-submission_date`  | `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:1357`   |
+| GET    | `/api/remittances/stream` | `remittance_written` | `-received_date`    | `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:1858`   |
+| GET    | `/api/activity/stream`    | `activity_recorded`  | `-timestamp` (limit 50) | `backend/src/cyclone/api.py:1971` |
+
+All three accept the same query params as their non-streaming
+counterparts (`status`, `payer`, `date_from`, …) so a frontend can
+swap a one-shot fetch for a tail with no URL surgery. Responses are
+`Content-Type: application/x-ndjson`.

.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+---
+name: cyclone-tests
+description: "Cyclone pytest + vitest fixture patterns, prodfiles layout, backend/tests/fixtures/ conventions, .test.tsx sibling rule. Use when: adding a backend pytest case, adding a frontend vitest test, or wiring in a real-EDI prodfiles sample."
+---
+
+# cyclone-tests
+
+The Cyclone test suite is split two ways: **backend pytest** (89 test files under `backend/tests/`, 13 flat fixtures in `backend/tests/fixtures/`, one autouse `conftest.py` that resets the DB per-test) and **frontend vitest** (59 `*.test.ts(x)` siblings across `src/`, two rendering styles — `@testing-library/react` and a custom `createRoot`+`Probe` shim). This skill codifies the conventions so additions stay consistent with what's already there.
+
+As of this writing: **89 backend test files**, **13 flat backend fixtures**, **59 frontend `*.test.ts(x)` siblings**, and **23 prodfiles samples** across `docs/prodfiles/{837p-from-axiscare,835fromco,FromHPE,claims}/`. The next increment is **SP22**.
+
+## When to use
+
+- **Adding a backend pytest case.** You're about to add a new `test_*.py` under `backend/tests/` and need the autouse DB-fixture rules, the fixture-path convention, and the right naming flavor (`test_api_*.py` vs `test_<module>_*.py`).
+- **Adding a frontend vitest test.** You're about to add a `*.test.ts(x)` sibling and need the `// @vitest-environment happy-dom` setup, the act-environment flag, and the right rendering helper (`@testing-library/react` vs the `createRoot`+`Probe` shim).
+- **Dropping in a prodfiles fixture.** You have a real EDI sample under `docs/prodfiles/<source>/` and need the copy step that makes it test-runnable without coupling the test to the prodfiles archive.
+- **Debugging a flaky test.** A test passes locally but flakes in CI — load this skill to check the determinism + no-network rules before chasing the symptom.
+
+## Conventions
+
+1. **Frontend sibling rule.** Every new file in `src/` that contains testable logic gets a `*.test.ts(x)` next to it. `useFoo.ts` → `useFoo.test.ts`. `ClaimDrawer.tsx` → `ClaimDrawer.test.tsx`. The 59 existing siblings follow this; CI implicitly enforces it via the default `src/**/*.test.ts(x)` glob in `vitest.config.ts`.
+2. **Backend test location.** Tests live under `backend/tests/test_*.py`. Two flavors, two naming patterns:
+   - **Integration tests** (FastAPI surface) → `test_api_<topic>_<verb>.py` — e.g. `test_api_parse_persists.py`, `test_api_999.py`.
+   - **Pure-unit tests** (parsers, validators, store internals) → `test_<module>_<behavior>.py` — e.g. `test_cas_codes.py`, `test_pubsub.py`.
+3. **Prodfiles drop-in.** Real EDI samples live under `docs/prodfiles/<source>/<file>.txt` (sources seen so far: `837p-from-axiscare/`, `835fromco/`, `FromHPE/`, `claims/`). To use one in a test: copy the file to `backend/tests/fixtures/<descriptive-name>.txt` (flat — no per-test subdirectories; the existing 13 fixtures all sit at the top level) and reference it from the test as a module-level `Path` constant. See `## Patterns` for the exact line.
+4. **Determinism.** Time-sensitive tests must not depend on wall-clock time.
+   - **Frontend** uses `vi.useFakeTimers()` + `vi.setSystemTime(new Date("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSZ"))` (see `src/components/TailStatusPill.test.tsx:54-58`) and `vi.advanceTimersByTime(ms)` to drive interval / backoff code deterministically.
+   - **Backend** dates are passed explicitly as fixture values — e.g. `datetime.now(timezone.utc)` is fine for "now-ish" anchors, but for fixed dates pass `datetime(2026, 6, 20, tzinfo=timezone.utc)`. The project does **not** currently use `freezegun` or `mock.patch(datetime)`; if you need deterministic date mocking, propose adding `freezegun` to `backend/pyproject.toml` rather than rolling your own.
+5. **No network.** Tests must not hit the network.
+   - **Backend:** `fastapi.testclient.TestClient(app)` runs in-process; no uvicorn. The autouse `conftest.py` fixture (`backend/tests/conftest.py:20`) points `CYCLONE_DB_URL` at `tmp_path/test.db`, calls `db._reset_for_tests()` + `db.init_db()`, and wires a fresh `EventBus` onto `app.state`.
+   - **Frontend:** `vi.stubGlobal("fetch", vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(...))` for hooks; `vitest.config.ts` sets `VITE_API_BASE_URL=http://test.local` so the `api` module doesn't throw `notConfiguredError` before the mock fires.
+6. **pytest collection.** Run `cd backend && python -m pytest tests/<file>::<name> -v` for the fastest single-test feedback loop. Run `cd backend && python -m pytest tests/<file> -v` for one file. Run `cd backend && python -m pytest` for the full suite — this is the merge gate. Frontend: `npm test` (alias for `vitest run`) for the full suite; `npx vitest run src/hooks/useFoo.test.ts` for one file.
+
+## Patterns
+
+### Backend pytest using a fixture + per-test SQLite DB
+
+Canonical shape — see `backend/tests/test_api_999.py:1-50` for the full file. The autouse `conftest.py` already provides the DB init + `EventBus` reset; most tests just add a `client` fixture.
+
+```python
+"""Tests for the FastAPI surface in cyclone.api for the 999 endpoint."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from cyclone.api import app
+
+# Fixture reference — flat, module-level Path constant. NEVER reach into
+# docs/prodfiles/ from a test; the fixtures/ dir is the test-consumed surface.
+ACCEPTED = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_999.txt"
+REJECTED = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_999_rejected.txt"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client() -> TestClient:
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+def test_parse_999_endpoint_happy_path(client: TestClient):
+    text = ACCEPTED.read_text()
+    resp = client.post(
+        "/api/parse-999",
+        files={"file": ("minimal_999.txt", text, "text/plain")},
+        headers={"Accept": "application/json"},
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    body = resp.json()
+    assert body["ack"]["ack_code"] == "A"
+```
+
+Override the autouse DB fixture only when you need a custom env (e.g. a per-test backup directory) — see `backend/tests/test_999_rejected_state.py:20-25`:
+
+```python
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _setup(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/inbox.db")
+    from cyclone import db
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+    db.init_db()
+    yield
+```
+
+### Frontend vitest `*.test.tsx` for a component using fake timers
+
+Pattern taken from `src/components/TailStatusPill.test.tsx:1-62` — uses `vi.useFakeTimers()` + `vi.setSystemTime(...)` to drive interval-based code deterministically.
+
+```ts
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+// React's act warnings need an act-aware environment — mirror the other
+// hook tests in this repo.
+(globalThis as { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT?: boolean }).IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true;
+
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { MyComponent } from "./MyComponent";
+
+describe("MyComponent", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers();
+    vi.setSystemTime(new Date("2026-06-20T12:00:30Z"));
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.useRealTimers();
+  });
+
+  it("test_renders_after_interval_tick", () => {
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(30_000);  // drive the setInterval
+    // …assert…
+  });
+});
+```
+
+### Frontend vitest `*.test.tsx` for a component using `@testing-library/react` + `happy-dom`
+
+Pattern taken from `src/hooks/useInboxLanes.test.ts:1-80`. (A handful of older tests — `useClaimDetail.test.ts`, `useDrawerUrlState.test.ts`, `TailStatusPill.test.tsx` — roll a custom `createRoot`+`Probe` shim instead. Both styles are accepted; `@testing-library/react` is preferred when the hook has async dependencies because `waitFor` is built in.)
+
+```ts
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+(globalThis as { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT?: boolean }).IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true;
+
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { act, cleanup, renderHook, waitFor } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { useMyHook } from "./useMyHook";
+
+vi.mock("@/lib/api", () => ({
+  api: { fetchFoo: vi.fn() },
+}));
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  cleanup();
+  vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  vi.useRealTimers();
+});
+
+describe("useMyHook", () => {
+  it("loads data on mount", async () => {
+    vi.stubGlobal("fetch", vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
+      ok: true,
+      json: async () => ({ items: [] }),
+    }));
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useMyHook());
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.loading).toBe(false));
+    expect(result.current.items).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});
+```
+
+## Anti-patterns
+
+- **Don't put frontend tests in `src/__tests__/`.** No such directory exists in the codebase — `__tests__` only appears in the SP-catalog plan itself. Use the sibling rule (`useFoo.ts` → `useFoo.test.ts`).
+- **Don't reach into `docs/prodfiles/` directly from a test.** Always copy to `backend/tests/fixtures/<name>.txt` first. The prodfiles directory is the source-of-truth archive and may be reorganized; the fixtures directory is the test-consumed surface and is stable.
+- **Don't use wall-clock sleeps for timing.** A handful of legacy tests use `await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 200))` (see `src/components/SearchBar.test.tsx:281,323,373` and `src/hooks/useSearch.test.ts:174`) — these are known flaky in CI. Use `vi.useFakeTimers()` + `vi.advanceTimersByTime(ms)` instead, or `waitFor(...)` from `@testing-library/react`.
+
+## Related skills
+
+- **`cyclone-spec`** — every SP-N spec lists test impact; load this when drafting or reviewing the spec to confirm fixture / `.test.tsx` implications for the increment.
+- **`cyclone-edi`** — most backend tests cover parser + validator behavior; load when the increment touches an EDI parser or adds a validator rule (R200/R210/NPI Luhn/EIN/CAS).
+- **`cyclone-tail`** — most frontend tests cover hook behavior (`useTailStream`, `useMergedTail`); load when the increment changes the wire format or adds a streaming hook.
+- **`cyclone-store`** — write-path tests live here; load when the increment touches `store.py`, adds a new entity, or wires a new `<entity>_written` event.
+- **`cyclone-api-router`** — endpoint tests live in `backend/tests/test_api_*.py`; load when the increment adds or changes an HTTP endpoint.
+- **`cyclone-frontend-page`** — page-component tests live next to pages in `src/pages/*.test.tsx`; load when the increment adds or refactors a page.
+- **`cyclone-cli`** — CLI smoke tests live in `backend/tests/test_cli_*.py`; load when the increment adds a CLI subcommand.
+- **`superpowers:test-driven-development`** (global) — the upstream TDD workflow. Load first when starting any new feature increment; this skill only codifies the Cyclone-specific test layout on top of TDD.

README.md

@@ -51,6 +51,26 @@ VITE_API_BASE_URL=http://127.0.0.1:8000
 Without that, the UI falls back to its in-memory sample store via the
 existing `data` adapter (parses are disabled).
 
+## Skills
+
+Cyclone ships 8 project-scoped AI-assistant skills under
+[`.superpowers/skills/`](.superpowers/skills/). Each one codifies the
+conventions for a major subsystem so the next contributor (human or
+AI) gets the lay of the land automatically.
+
+| Skill | Owns |
+|-------|------|
+| [`cyclone-spec`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md) | The SP-N spec → plan → implement → merge flow. |
+| [`cyclone-tests`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md) | pytest + vitest fixture patterns, prodfiles drop-in. |
+| [`cyclone-edi`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/SKILL.md) | EDI parser/validator conventions (837P/835/999/270/271/277CA/TA1). |
+| [`cyclone-tail`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/SKILL.md) | Live-tail streaming wire format and the hook triplet. |
+| [`cyclone-store`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-store/SKILL.md) | Store write-paths, pubsub event contract, SP21 split map. |
+| [`cyclone-api-router`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md) | FastAPI router conventions (`api_routers/`, `api_helpers.py`). |
+| [`cyclone-frontend-page`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page/SKILL.md) | React page conventions (TanStack Query, drawer, URL state). |
+| [`cyclone-cli`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli/SKILL.md) | CLI subcommand conventions (`cli.py`, exit codes, smoke tests). |
+
+Skills auto-load by description match — no slash command needed.
+
 ## Test
 
 ```bash
@@ -357,6 +377,245 @@ operator has created the Keychain entry on first run. See
 for the one-time setup recipe and the HIPAA Security Rule §164.312(a)(2)(iv)
 mapping.
 
+### Key rotation (SP15)
+
+`POST /api/admin/db/rotate-key` re-encrypts the SQLite file in place
+with a fresh SQLCipher key via `PRAGMA rekey`, then updates the
+Keychain so subsequent connections open with the new key. The
+rotation holds a module-level `threading.Lock` (so two concurrent
+requests can't race), disposes + rebuilds the SQLAlchemy engine with
+`NullPool` (so SQLCipher's thread affinity is honored), and writes a
+tamper-evident `db.key_rotated` audit event with old + new
+fingerprints and the post-rotation table count. The old key is
+retained in the `cyclone.db.key.previous` Keychain account for a
+grace period so a botched rotation can be rolled back by hand.
+
+## NPI checksum + Tax ID format validation (SP20)
+
+Two pure local validators — no NPPES round-trip, no IRS e-file
+lookup. Catches the 99% case (a typo at the end of an NPI, a letter in
+an EIN, an extra digit, the reserved `00`/`07`/`8X` EIN prefix).
+
+| Check | Algorithm | Surface |
+|-------|-----------|---------|
+| NPI  | 10 digits where the last is a Luhn checksum over `80840 + body`. CMS-published example: body `123456789` → check `3` → valid NPI `1234567893`. | `cyclone.npi.is_valid_npi`, CLI `cyclone validate-npi <npi>`, API `GET /api/admin/validate-provider?npi=...`, validator rule `R021_npi_checksum` (warning) |
+| Tax ID (EIN) | 9 digits, optional `XX-XXXXXXX` formatting. Rejects reserved prefixes `00`, `07`, `80`–`89` (IRS Pension Plan Branch). | `cyclone.npi.is_valid_tax_id`, CLI `cyclone validate-tax-id <ein>`, API `GET /api/admin/validate-provider?tax_id=...` |
+
+### CLI
+
+```bash
+$ cyclone validate-npi 1234567893
+OK: 10-digit NPI passes Luhn checksum
+$ cyclone validate-npi 1234567890
+INVALID: '1234567890' fails NPI Luhn checksum   # exit 1
+
+$ cyclone validate-tax-id 72-1587149
+OK: 9-digit EIN (normalized=721587149)
+$ cyclone validate-tax-id 00-1234567
+INVALID: 9-digit EIN has reserved prefix (00); EIN is not assignable by IRS   # exit 1
+```
+
+### API
+
+```bash
+curl 'http://localhost:8000/api/admin/validate-provider?npi=1234567893&tax_id=72-1587149'
+# {
+#   "npi":     {"valid": true,  "skipped": false},
+#   "tax_id":  {"valid": true,  "skipped": false, "normalized": "721587149"}
+# }
+```
+
+Both query params are optional; omitted fields return
+`{"valid": null, "skipped": true}` so the caller can render "no check
+performed" rather than treating absent input as a hard fail.
+
+### Parser integration
+
+The `R021_npi_checksum` rule runs alongside the existing `R020_npi_format`
+in `cyclone.parsers.validator`. A billing-provider NPI that passes
+R020 (right shape) but fails R021 (bad Luhn) is yielded as a
+**warning**, not an error — operators sometimes ingest test fixtures
+with placeholder NPIs (e.g. all-same-digit) and we don't want to block
+that path. In strict mode (`--strict` / `?strict=true`) warnings are
+promoted to errors.
+
+### Files
+
+* `cyclone/npi.py` — new module (~155 LOC).
+* `cyclone.parsers.validator` — new `R021_npi_checksum` rule.
+* `cyclone.api_routers.admin` — new `validate-provider` endpoint.
+* `cyclone.cli` — `validate-npi` + `validate-tax-id` subcommands.
+* Tests: `test_npi.py` (27), `test_api_validate_provider.py` (4),
+  `test_cli_validate.py` (8), `test_validator.py::test_r021_*` (4) —
+  **43 new tests**.
+
+## Security hardening (SP19)
+
+Three pure-ASGI middlewares sit in front of every FastAPI request.
+They're sized for Cyclone's local-only posture — a misconfigured
+Tailscale / ngrok bind, a buggy cron job uploading a 4 GB file, or a
+port-scraper — not for hostile internet exposure.
+
+| Middleware | Default | Override | Reject |
+|------------|---------|----------|--------|
+| `BodySizeLimitMiddleware` | 50 MB | `CYCLONE_MAX_BODY_BYTES` | `413 body_too_large` over Content-Length cap; chunked reads capped too |
+| `RateLimitMiddleware` | 300 req/min/IP | `CYCLONE_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MIN` | `429 rate_limited` over the sliding window; `/api/health` exempt |
+| `SecurityHeadersMiddleware` | always on | n/a | stamps `X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff`, `X-Frame-Options: DENY`, `Referrer-Policy: same-origin`, `Permissions-Policy`, `Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'none'; frame-ancestors 'none'` |
+
+Every rejection (413 / 429) also writes a tamper-evident
+`api.request_rejected` event into the SP11 audit chain so an
+operator can correlate a misbehaving client with the SP18 JSON logs:
+
+```json
+{"event_type":"api.request_rejected","entity_id":"POST /api/parse-837","payload":{"status":413,"reason":"body_too_large","path":"/api/parse-837","method":"POST","ip":"127.0.0.1"}}
+```
+
+### Health probe
+
+`GET /api/health` now returns a subsystem snapshot:
+
+```json
+{
+  "status": "ok",
+  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "db":      {"ok": true},
+  "scheduler": {"running": true, "interval_s": 60, "sftp_block": "co_medicaid",
+                "backup_scheduler_running": false, "backup_interval_hours": 24.0},
+  "pubsub":  {"parse_completed": 1, "batch_added": 1},
+  "batch":   {"last_batch_id": 42, "last_batch_kind": "837P",
+              "last_batch_at": "2026-06-21T15:30:00.123Z",
+              "last_batch_filename": "TP11525703-837P-..."}
+}
+```
+
+Returns `"status": "degraded"` if any subsystem reports an error —
+the per-subsystem dict still surfaces so an operator can see which
+one is unhappy. `/api/health` is rate-limit exempt so a load balancer
+hammering the endpoint doesn't trip the limiter.
+
+### Files
+
+* `cyclone.security` — `BodySizeLimitMiddleware`,
+  `RateLimitMiddleware`, `SecurityHeadersMiddleware`, and
+  `get_health_snapshot()` (~330 LOC).
+* `cyclone.api_routers.health` rewritten to use `get_health_snapshot()`.
+* `cyclone.pubsub.EventBus.stats()` — new method that returns
+  per-kind subscriber counts.
+* `tests/test_security.py` — 13 new tests.
+
+## Structured logging (SP18)
+
+Cyclone emits newline-delimited JSON to stderr by default — readable
+by `jq`, Loki, Vector, ELK, or any log shipper. Every record carries
+`ts` (ISO 8601 ms UTC), `level`, `logger`, `msg`, and an optional
+`extra` dict for structured fields. Exceptions render as a
+`traceback` string.
+
+```
+{"ts":"2026-06-21T15:30:00.123Z","level":"INFO","logger":"cyclone.scheduler","msg":"Processed inbound file","extra":{"input_filename":"ACK_999.x12","parser":"parse_999","claims":3}}
+{"ts":"2026-06-21T15:30:01.456Z","level":"ERROR","logger":"cyclone.api","msg":"Backup create failed","extra":{"reason":"BackupError: passphrase mismatch"},"traceback":"Traceback ..."}
+```
+
+### PII scrubbing
+
+A `PiiScrubber` filter is attached to the root logger and rewrites
+obvious PHI patterns to `<redacted:npi>` / `<redacted:ssn>` /
+`<redacted:dob>` / `<redacted:patient_name>` before any handler sees
+the record:
+
+| Pattern | Replacement |
+|---------|-------------|
+| `\b\d{10}\b` | `<redacted:npi>` |
+| `\b\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}\b` or `\b\d{9}\b` at phrase boundary | `<redacted:ssn>` |
+| `(dob\|date_of_birth)[:=]\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}` | preserves the key, redacts the date |
+| `patient_name=...` | full chunk redacted |
+| Extras with key `dob`/`ssn`/`npi`/`patient_name`/… | value redacted regardless of shape |
+
+The scrubber is conservative — bare ISO dates without a `dob=` prefix
+are **not** scrubbed (they're too often timestamps or batch IDs), and
+11+ digit numbers are left alone (they can't be NPIs). Disable for
+forensic mode with `CYCLONE_LOG_NO_PII_SCRUB=1`.
+
+### Knobs
+
+| Env var | Default | Meaning |
+|---------|---------|---------|
+| `CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL` | `INFO` | Root logger level. `DEBUG` for troubleshooting. |
+| `CYCLONE_LOG_FILE` | (none) | Write to this path via `RotatingFileHandler` (10 MB × 5 backups). |
+| `CYCLONE_LOG_JSON` | `true` | `false` uses the dev tabular formatter. |
+| `CYCLONE_LOG_NO_PII_SCRUB` | (none) | `1` disables scrubbing. |
+
+CLI:
+
+```
+cyclone --log-format=dev parse-837 sample.x12 --output-dir out/   # tabular for tail -f
+cyclone --log-file=/var/log/cyclone.log backup create              # JSON to rotating file
+```
+
+The `parse-837` / `parse-835` subcommands also accept `--log-level`
+which re-runs `setup_logging()` so the per-invocation level overrides
+the group default.
+
+### Files
+
+* `cyclone.logging_config` — `JsonFormatter`, `CycloneDevFormatter`,
+  `PiiScrubber`, `setup_logging()`.
+* `tests/test_logging_formatter.py` (11), `test_logging_scrubber.py`
+  (13), `test_logging_setup.py` (10) — 34 new tests.
+* `cyclone.api` lifespan calls `setup_logging()` first; the CLI
+  `main` group does the same.
+
+## Encrypted Backups (SP17)
+
+The BackupService takes an online consistent snapshot of the live
+SQLite file via SQLite's `.backup()` API, encrypts the bytes with
+AES-256-GCM, and writes a `.bin` + `.meta.json` pair into the backup
+directory (default `~/.local/share/cyclone/backups/`). The encryption
+key is derived from a separate passphrase in the macOS Keychain
+(PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256, 200,000 iterations, 16-byte salt persisted to
+Keychain) — so a SQLCipher DB-key compromise does not unlock the
+backups, and a backup-passphrase compromise does not unlock the live
+DB. If neither is set, the service refuses (`BackupError`) rather than
+silently writing plaintext.
+
+| Method | Path | Purpose |
+| ------ | ---- | ------- |
+| POST   | `/api/admin/backup/create` | Take an encrypted backup now. |
+| GET    | `/api/admin/backup/list` | List `db_backups` rows (newest first, filterable). |
+| GET    | `/api/admin/backup/status` | Counts, disk usage, last-run timestamp, scheduler snapshot. |
+| POST   | `/api/admin/backup/{id}/verify` | Decrypt + SHA-256 verify against the sidecar. |
+| POST   | `/api/admin/backup/{id}/restore/initiate` | First step: get `restore_token` + preview (fingerprints of backup vs live). |
+| POST   | `/api/admin/backup/{id}/restore/confirm` | Second step: dispose engine, copy decrypted DB, rebuild engine. |
+| POST   | `/api/admin/backup/prune` | Apply retention policy now. |
+| POST   | `/api/admin/backup/scheduler/{start,stop,tick}` | Operate the backup scheduler. |
+
+Restore is two-step by design: an idle browser tab can't nuke the
+live DB. The first call returns a one-shot 64-char hex
+`restore_token` plus a side-by-side preview (`backup_db_fingerprint`,
+`backup_table_count`, `current_db_fingerprint`, `current_table_count`).
+The second call swaps the live engine only if the token matches
+within a 5-minute TTL.
+
+The scheduler (auto-start opt-in via `CYCLONE_BACKUP_AUTOSTART`)
+ticks every `CYCLONE_BACKUP_INTERVAL_HOURS` (default 24), runs
+`create_now` + `prune`, and writes audit events for each outcome
+(`db.backup_created`, `db.backup_failed`, `db.backup_pruned`,
+`db.backup_restored`). The CLI mirrors the API surface:
+
+```bash
+cyclone backup init-passphrase      # one-time; interactive
+cyclone backup create
+cyclone backup list
+cyclone backup verify <id>
+cyclone backup restore <id> --yes
+cyclone backup prune --yes
+cyclone backup status
+```
+
+Retention defaults to 30 days (`CYCLONE_BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS`). The
+retention policy is best-effort: an operator who runs `cyclone
+backup create` manually retains full control.
+
 ## SFTP Wire-Up (paramiko)
 
 The `clearhouse.submit` endpoint uses `paramiko` to push a batch of
@@ -473,7 +732,7 @@ backup API).
 
 ## Roadmap
 
-Sub-projects 2 through 13 are **shipped**. See the [completeness
+Sub-projects 2 through 19 are **shipped**. See the [completeness
 review](docs/reviews/2026-06-20-cyclone-completeness-review.md) for
 the honest gap analysis against the industry definition of a HIPAA
 clearinghouse — the short version is that the local-only,
@@ -484,6 +743,72 @@ scope.
 
 Shipped sub-projects (most recent first):
 
+- **Sub-project 19 (shipped) — Security hardening + health probe.**
+  Three pure-ASGI middlewares (`BodySizeLimitMiddleware`,
+  `RateLimitMiddleware`, `SecurityHeadersMiddleware`) close the
+  completeness-review gaps §3.1.4 (no body/rate limits) and §3.1.25
+  (no CSP / security headers). 413/429 rejections emit a
+  tamper-evident `api.request_rejected` audit event (SP11 chain).
+  `/api/health` is now a rich subsystem snapshot — DB connectivity,
+  MFT scheduler state, backup scheduler state, live pubsub
+  subscriber counts, last batch id + timestamp. See
+  [Security hardening (SP19)](#security-hardening-sp19) below.
+- **Sub-project 20 (shipped) — NPI checksum + Tax ID format validation.**
+  Pure local validators (`cyclone.npi`) — no NPPES round-trip, no IRS
+  e-file lookup. Catches the 99% typo case at parse time. NPI uses
+  CMS-published Luhn over `80840 + body` (example: `1234567893` is
+  valid). EIN rejects reserved prefixes (`00`, `07`, `80`–`89`).
+  Surface: `cyclone validate-npi` / `validate-tax-id` CLI subcommands,
+  `GET /api/admin/validate-provider`, new `R021_npi_checksum`
+  validator rule (warning, not error — placeholder NPIs in test
+  fixtures shouldn't block ingest). See
+  [NPI checksum + Tax ID format validation (SP20)](#npi-checksum--tax-id-format-validation-sp20)
+  below.
+- **Sub-project 18 (shipped) — Structured JSON logging.** All logs
+  emitted by the API, CLI, scheduler tick loop, and backup service
+  flow through a `JsonFormatter` (newline-delimited JSON, ISO-8601 ms
+  timestamps) by default. A `PiiScrubber` filter redacts obvious PHI
+  (NPIs, SSNs, DOBs, patient names) from message + extras — both via
+  inline patterns (`npi 1881068062`) and via PHI-keyed extras
+  (`extra={"dob": "1980-04-12"}`). Configurable via env vars
+  (`CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL`, `CYCLONE_LOG_FILE`, `CYCLONE_LOG_JSON`,
+  `CYCLONE_LOG_NO_PII_SCRUB`) and CLI flags
+  (`--log-format=json|dev`, `--log-file=…`); a tabular `CycloneDevFormatter`
+  is the opt-out for `tail -f` in dev. See
+  [Structured logging](#structured-logging-sp18) below.
+- **Sub-project 17 (shipped) — Encrypted DB backups.** Automated
+  encrypted backups via AES-256-GCM (PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256, 200k iters).
+  The operator sets a separate passphrase in the macOS Keychain
+  (`cyclone backup init-passphrase`); if missing, the service falls
+  back to deriving from the SQLCipher DB key with a WARNING. Online
+  backups via SQLite `.backup()`, two-step restore (`initiate` →
+  `confirm` with one-shot 64-char hex token), retention pruning with
+  a 30-day default, and a tamper-evident audit chain (`db.backup_created`,
+  `db.backup_failed`, `db.backup_pruned`, `db.backup_restored`,
+  `db.backup_passphrase_set`). Backup scheduler ticks every 24h
+  (configurable); auto-start opt-in via `CYCLONE_BACKUP_AUTOSTART`.
+  Seven admin endpoints + six CLI subcommands. See
+  [Encrypted Backups](#encrypted-backups) below.
+- **Sub-project 16 (shipped) — Live MFT polling scheduler.** asyncio
+  background loop polls the Gainwell MFT inbound path, downloads
+  new files, and routes them through the right parser (999 / 835 /
+  277CA / TA1). Idempotent (re-ticks skip already-processed files
+  via the new `processed_inbound_files` table). Crash-safe (per-file
+  try/except so a bad file doesn't stop the loop). Five admin
+  endpoints (`/api/admin/scheduler/{status,start,stop,tick,processed-files}`).
+- **Sub-project 15 (shipped) — SQLCipher key rotation.** In-place
+  rotation via `PRAGMA rekey`, serialized through a module-level
+  `threading.Lock` and a SQLAlchemy `NullPool` to keep SQLCipher
+  thread-affine under FastAPI's per-request threadpool. Writes a
+  `db.key_rotated` audit event with old + new key fingerprints and
+  post-rotation `table_count`. See
+  [Encryption at Rest — Key rotation](#key-rotation).
+- **Sub-project 14 (shipped) — 5-lane Inbox UI.** The Payer-Rejected
+  lane is now rendered in the Inbox alongside Rejected / Candidates /
+  Unmatched / Done today. New bulk action
+  `POST /api/inbox/payer-rejected/acknowledge` drops claims from the
+  working surface without erasing the original 277CA rejection event
+  (audit log stays intact, SP11).
 - **Sub-project 13 (shipped) — SFTP wire-up.** `paramiko`-backed
   `SftpClient` replaces the SP9 stub. The clearhouse.submit endpoint
   actually pushes to

backend/src/cyclone/api.py

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import logging
 import uuid
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from time import monotonic
 from typing import Any, AsyncIterator
 
 from fastapi import FastAPI, File, HTTPException, Query, Request, UploadFile
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ from pydantic import ValidationError
 
 from cyclone import __version__, db
 from cyclone.db import Claim, ClaimState, Remittance
+from sqlalchemy import desc, or_
 from cyclone.inbox_state import apply_999_rejections
 from cyclone.inbox_state_277ca import apply_277ca_rejections
 from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event, verify_chain
@@ -95,6 +97,22 @@ async def lifespan(app: FastAPI) -> AsyncIterator[None]:
     serves requests. No teardown needed for Cyclone's local-only posture.
     """
     from cyclone import db, payers as payer_loader
+    from cyclone import scheduler as scheduler_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as backup_svc_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_scheduler as backup_sched_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+    from cyclone.logging_config import setup_logging
+    import os as _os
+
+    # SP18: structured JSON logging. Idempotent — safe even if the
+    # CLI pre-configured the root logger.
+    setup_logging(
+        level=_os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL", "INFO"),
+        log_file=_os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_FILE") or None,
+        json_format=_os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_JSON", "true").lower() not in (
+            "false", "0", "no",
+        ),
+    )
 
     db.init_db()
     app.state.event_bus = EventBus()
@@ -104,8 +122,85 @@ async def lifespan(app: FastAPI) -> AsyncIterator[None]:
         store.ensure_clearhouse_seeded()
     except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
         log.exception("SP9 seed failed: %s", exc)
+
+    # SP16: configure the inbound MFT polling scheduler. The
+    # dzinesco clearhouse singleton (seeded by SP9) carries the SFTP
+    # block — multi-provider polling is out of scope for v1.
+    # Auto-start is opt-in via env var so operators running the API
+    # for one-off parsing don't accidentally poll the MFT on startup.
+    try:
+        clearhouse = store.get_clearhouse()
+        if clearhouse is not None:
+            sched = scheduler_mod.configure_scheduler(
+                clearhouse.sftp_block,
+                sftp_block_name=clearhouse.name or "default",
+            )
+            if _os.environ.get("CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_AUTOSTART", "").lower() in (
+                "1", "true", "yes",
+            ):
+                await sched.start()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        # Scheduler setup must never block the API from coming up.
+        log.exception("SP16 scheduler config failed: %s", exc)
+
+    # SP17: configure the encrypted backup service + scheduler.
+    # Auto-start is opt-in via CYCLONE_BACKUP_AUTOSTART.
+    try:
+        backup_dir = _os.environ.get(
+            "CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR",
+            str(db.DEFAULT_DB_PATH.parent / "backups"),
+        )
+        retention = int(_os.environ.get("CYCLONE_BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS", "30"))
+        passphrase = secrets_mod.get_secret(
+            backup_svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT,
+        )
+        salt_hex = secrets_mod.get_secret(
+            backup_svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT,
+        )
+        salt = bytes.fromhex(salt_hex) if salt_hex else None
+        bk_svc = backup_svc_mod.configure_backup_service(
+            backup_dir=backup_dir,
+            passphrase=passphrase,
+            salt=salt,
+            retention_days=retention,
+        )
+        # Always configure the scheduler so the endpoint can find it;
+        # auto-start is gated on env var.
+        bk_sched = backup_sched_mod.configure_backup_scheduler(
+            bk_svc,
+            interval_hours=float(
+                _os.environ.get("CYCLONE_BACKUP_INTERVAL_HOURS", "24"),
+            ),
+        )
+        if _os.environ.get("CYCLONE_BACKUP_AUTOSTART", "").lower() in (
+            "1", "true", "yes",
+        ):
+            await bk_sched.start()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        # Backup setup must never block the API from coming up.
+        log.exception("SP17 backup config failed: %s", exc)
+
     yield
 
+    # SP17: stop the backup scheduler on shutdown.
+    try:
+        bk_sched = backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+        await bk_sched.stop()
+    except RuntimeError:
+        pass  # never configured
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("Backup scheduler shutdown failed: %s", exc)
+
+    # SP16: stop the scheduler on shutdown so the test harness
+    # (TestClient context manager) doesn't leak background tasks.
+    try:
+        sched = scheduler_mod.get_scheduler()
+        await sched.stop()
+    except RuntimeError:
+        pass  # never configured
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("Scheduler shutdown failed: %s", exc)
+
 
 # Mirror cli._PAYER_FACTORIES. Kept local so the API doesn't depend on the
 # Click-based CLI module.
@@ -136,16 +231,31 @@ app.add_middleware(
     allow_headers=["*"],
 )
 
+# SP19: security middleware chain. Starlette's ``add_middleware``
+# *prepends*, so the LAST middleware we add is the OUTERMOST. We
+# want SecurityHeaders outermost so it stamps the 413/429 responses
+# too, then RateLimit, then BodySizeLimit closest to the app.
+from cyclone.security import (  # noqa: E402
+    BodySizeLimitMiddleware,
+    RateLimitMiddleware,
+    SecurityHeadersMiddleware,
+)
+
+app.add_middleware(BodySizeLimitMiddleware)
+app.add_middleware(RateLimitMiddleware)
+app.add_middleware(SecurityHeadersMiddleware)
+
 # Resource-group routers. Each module owns its own APIRouter and is
 # registered below. New resources go in `cyclone.api_routers.<name>`
 # and are wired in here. (Kept as a top-level package rather than nested
 # under `cyclone.api` so the existing ``cyclone.api`` module path keeps
 # working — Python prefers packages over same-named modules.)
-from cyclone.api_routers import acks, health, ta1_acks  # noqa: E402
+from cyclone.api_routers import acks, admin, health, ta1_acks  # noqa: E402
 
 app.include_router(health.router)
 app.include_router(acks.router)
 app.include_router(ta1_acks.router)
+app.include_router(admin.router)
 
 
 def _resolve_payer(name: str) -> PayerConfig:
@@ -2430,12 +2540,468 @@ def rotate_db_key_endpoint(body: dict | None = None) -> Any:
         _db_rotate_lock.release()
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP17: encrypted DB backups (admin)
+#
+# The actual encryption + lifecycle lives in :mod:`cyclone.backup` and
+# :mod:`cyclone.backup_service`. The scheduler (separate from the
+# MFT scheduler) lives in :mod:`cyclone.backup_scheduler`. These
+# endpoints expose the operator's manual controls plus a tick for
+# "take a backup right now."
+#
+# Restore is intentionally two-step: an idle browser tab can't nuke
+# the live DB. The first call returns a ``restore_token`` (a one-shot
+# 64-char hex) and a preview of the backup's fingerprint + table
+# count plus the live DB's. The second call with the token performs
+# the actual swap.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from cyclone import backup_service as _backup_svc_mod
+from cyclone import backup_scheduler as _backup_sched_mod
+
+
+def _backup_or_503():
+    try:
+        return _backup_svc_mod.get_backup_service()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/backup/create")
+def backup_create() -> Any:
+    """Take an encrypted backup right now. Returns the new backup metadata."""
+    from cyclone import audit_log as _audit
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    try:
+        result = svc.create_now()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        # Surface a 503 with the reason so the operator sees what
+        # went wrong without grepping server logs.
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=503,
+            detail=f"backup failed: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}",
+        )
+    # Audit the create. Best-effort; failure here doesn't roll back
+    # the backup (already on disk).
+    try:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            _audit.append_event(s, _audit.AuditEvent(
+                event_type="db.backup_created",
+                entity_type="database",
+                entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                actor="operator",
+                payload={
+                    "backup_id": result.backup.id,
+                    "db_fingerprint": result.backup.db_fingerprint,
+                    "table_count": result.backup.table_count,
+                    "triggered_by": "api",
+                },
+            ))
+            s.commit()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("could not write backup_created audit event: %s", exc)
+
+    return {
+        "ok": True,
+        "backup": {
+            "id": result.backup.id,
+            "filename": result.backup.filename,
+            "size_bytes": result.backup.size_bytes,
+            "db_fingerprint": result.backup.db_fingerprint,
+            "table_count": result.backup.table_count,
+            "created_at": result.backup.created_at.isoformat(),
+            "key_fingerprint": result.backup.key_fingerprint,
+        },
+        "sidecar": {
+            "format_version": result.sidecar.format_version,
+            "kdf": result.sidecar.kdf,
+            "kdf_iterations": result.sidecar.kdf_iterations,
+            "cipher": result.sidecar.cipher,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+@app.get("/api/admin/backup/list")
+def backup_list(
+    limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=1000),
+    status: str | None = Query(default=None),
+) -> Any:
+    """List ``db_backups`` rows, newest first. Filters by status."""
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    rows = svc.list_backups(limit=limit, status=status)
+    return {
+        "count": len(rows),
+        "files": [
+            {
+                "id": r.id,
+                "filename": r.filename,
+                "backup_dir": r.backup_dir,
+                "size_bytes": r.size_bytes,
+                "db_fingerprint": r.db_fingerprint,
+                "table_count": r.table_count,
+                "created_at": r.created_at.isoformat() if r.created_at else None,
+                "completed_at": r.completed_at.isoformat() if r.completed_at else None,
+                "status": r.status,
+                "error_message": r.error_message,
+                "key_fingerprint": r.key_fingerprint,
+            }
+            for r in rows
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+@app.get("/api/admin/backup/status")
+def backup_status() -> Any:
+    """Snapshot of the backup subsystem (counts, disk usage, last run)."""
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    snap = svc.status()
+    # Also include the BackupScheduler's snapshot if configured.
+    try:
+        sched = _backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+        snap["scheduler"] = sched.status().as_dict()
+    except RuntimeError:
+        snap["scheduler"] = None
+    return snap
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/backup/{backup_id}/verify")
+def backup_verify(backup_id: int) -> Any:
+    """Decrypt + checksum-verify a backup against its sidecar."""
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    try:
+        v = svc.verify(backup_id)
+    except _backup_svc_mod.BackupError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=str(exc))
+    return {
+        "backup_id": v.backup_id,
+        "filename": v.filename,
+        "ok": v.ok,
+        "expected_fingerprint": v.expected_fingerprint,
+        "actual_fingerprint": v.actual_fingerprint,
+        "table_count": v.table_count,
+        "reason": v.reason,
+    }
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/backup/{backup_id}/restore/initiate")
+def backup_restore_initiate(backup_id: int) -> Any:
+    """First step of the two-step restore. Returns a ``restore_token``."""
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    try:
+        init = svc.restore_initiate(backup_id)
+    except _backup_svc_mod.BackupError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc))
+    return {
+        "backup_id": init.backup_id,
+        "filename": init.filename,
+        "size_bytes": init.size_bytes,
+        "restore_token": init.restore_token,
+        "expires_at": init.expires_at.isoformat(),
+        "preview": {
+            "backup_db_fingerprint": init.db_fingerprint,
+            "backup_table_count": init.table_count,
+            "current_db_fingerprint": init.current_db_fingerprint,
+            "current_table_count": init.current_table_count,
+        },
+        "warning": (
+            "Confirming will dispose the live engine and replace the DB "
+            "file with the backup. In-flight requests will error. "
+            "Re-issue the call with the restore_token within 5 minutes."
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/backup/{backup_id}/restore/confirm")
+def backup_restore_confirm(
+    backup_id: int,
+    body: dict | None = None,
+) -> Any:
+    """Second step of the two-step restore. Performs the swap."""
+    body = body or {}
+    token = body.get("restore_token")
+    if not token or not isinstance(token, str):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail="missing or invalid restore_token in request body",
+        )
+    actor = body.get("actor") or "operator"
+
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    try:
+        result = svc.restore_confirm(backup_id, token, actor=actor)
+    except _backup_svc_mod.BackupError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc))
+
+    # Audit the restore. Best-effort.
+    try:
+        from cyclone import audit_log as _audit
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            _audit.append_event(s, _audit.AuditEvent(
+                event_type="db.backup_restored",
+                entity_type="database",
+                entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                actor=actor,
+                payload={
+                    "backup_id": result.backup_id,
+                    "filename": result.filename,
+                    "restored_from_fingerprint": result.restored_from_fingerprint,
+                    "new_db_fingerprint": result.new_db_fingerprint,
+                    "restored_at": result.restored_at.isoformat(),
+                },
+            ))
+            s.commit()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.warning("could not write backup_restored audit event: %s", exc)
+
+    return {
+        "ok": True,
+        "backup_id": result.backup_id,
+        "filename": result.filename,
+        "restored_from_fingerprint": result.restored_from_fingerprint,
+        "restored_at": result.restored_at.isoformat(),
+        "new_db_fingerprint": result.new_db_fingerprint,
+    }
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/backup/prune")
+def backup_prune() -> Any:
+    """Apply the retention policy now. Returns the deleted paths."""
+    from cyclone import audit_log as _audit
+    svc = _backup_or_503()
+    deleted = svc.prune()
+    actor = "operator"
+    if deleted:
+        try:
+            with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+                _audit.append_event(s, _audit.AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="db.backup_pruned",
+                    entity_type="database",
+                    entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                    actor=actor,
+                    payload={"deleted_paths": deleted},
+                ))
+                s.commit()
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.warning("could not write backup_pruned audit event: %s", exc)
+    return {"ok": True, "deleted_count": len(deleted), "deleted_paths": deleted}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP17: backup scheduler (admin)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/backup/scheduler/start")
+async def backup_scheduler_start() -> Any:
+    """Begin the backup scheduler loop."""
+    try:
+        sched = _backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+    await sched.start()
+    return {"status": sched.status().as_dict()}
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/backup/scheduler/stop")
+async def backup_scheduler_stop() -> Any:
+    """Stop the backup scheduler loop."""
+    try:
+        sched = _backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+    await sched.stop()
+    return {"status": sched.status().as_dict()}
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/backup/scheduler/tick")
+async def backup_scheduler_tick() -> Any:
+    """Run one backup tick now (create + prune + audit)."""
+    try:
+        sched = _backup_sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+    result = await sched.tick()
+    return {"ok": result.ok, "tick": result.as_dict()}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP16: live MFT polling scheduler (admin)
+#
+# The scheduler lives in :mod:`cyclone.scheduler` and is configured by
+# the lifespan handler. The endpoints below expose start / stop /
+# one-shot tick / status / history so an operator (or a cron job)
+# can drive the scheduler without touching the DB.
+#
+# Note: the scheduler is OFF by default. Auto-start is opt-in via
+# ``CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_AUTOSTART=true`` at launch. These endpoints
+# are the operator's manual controls.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from cyclone import scheduler as _scheduler_mod
+
+
+def _scheduler_or_503():
+    """Return the configured scheduler or raise 503."""
+    try:
+        return _scheduler_mod.get_scheduler()
+    except RuntimeError as exc:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc))
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/scheduler/start")
+async def scheduler_start() -> Any:
+    """Begin polling the MFT inbound path every poll_interval_seconds."""
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    await sched.start()
+    return {"status": sched.status().as_dict()}
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/scheduler/stop")
+async def scheduler_stop() -> Any:
+    """Stop polling. Waits up to 30s for the current tick to finish."""
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    await sched.stop()
+    return {"status": sched.status().as_dict()}
+
+
+@app.post("/api/admin/scheduler/tick")
+async def scheduler_tick() -> Any:
+    """Run a single poll cycle synchronously and return the result.
+
+    Useful for: forcing a poll without waiting for the next interval;
+    verifying SFTP connectivity; running a one-shot import from the
+    CLI (``curl -X POST .../api/admin/scheduler/tick``).
+    """
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    result = await sched.tick()
+    return {"ok": True, "tick": result.as_dict()}
+
+
+@app.get("/api/admin/scheduler/status")
+def scheduler_status() -> Any:
+    """Return the scheduler's runtime snapshot (running, counters, last tick)."""
+    sched = _scheduler_or_503()
+    return sched.status().as_dict()
+
+
+@app.get("/api/admin/scheduler/processed-files")
+def scheduler_processed_files(
+    limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=1000),
+    status: str | None = Query(default=None),
+) -> Any:
+    """List rows from ``processed_inbound_files``, newest first.
+
+    The operator's "what did the scheduler do?" view. Filters by
+    ``status`` (``ok`` / ``error`` / ``skipped`` / ``pending``).
+    Returns ``{"count": N, "files": [...]}`` where ``files[i]``
+    matches the ORM row as a JSON dict.
+    """
+    from cyclone.db import ProcessedInboundFile
+    from cyclone.scheduler import STATUS_OK, STATUS_ERROR, STATUS_SKIPPED, STATUS_PENDING
+
+    valid_statuses = {STATUS_OK, STATUS_ERROR, STATUS_SKIPPED, STATUS_PENDING}
+    if status is not None and status not in valid_statuses:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail=f"status must be one of {sorted(valid_statuses)}",
+        )
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        q = s.query(db.ProcessedInboundFile)
+        if status is not None:
+            q = q.filter(db.ProcessedInboundFile.status == status)
+        rows = q.order_by(db.ProcessedInboundFile.id.desc()).limit(limit).all()
+        return {
+            "count": len(rows),
+            "files": [
+                {
+                    "id": r.id,
+                    "sftp_block_name": r.sftp_block_name,
+                    "name": r.name,
+                    "size": r.size,
+                    "modified_at": r.modified_at.isoformat() if r.modified_at else None,
+                    "file_type": r.file_type,
+                    "processed_at": r.processed_at.isoformat() if r.processed_at else None,
+                    "parser_used": r.parser_used,
+                    "claim_count": r.claim_count,
+                    "status": r.status,
+                    "error_message": r.error_message,
+                }
+                for r in rows
+            ],
+        }
+
+
 @app.get("/api/config/providers/{npi}")
 def get_configured_provider(npi: str):
     p = store.get_provider(npi)
     if p is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"provider {npi!r} not found")
-    return json.loads(p.model_dump_json())
+    provider_dict = json.loads(p.model_dump_json())
+
+    # SP21 Task 1.6: extend the response with two top-N arrays that the
+    # drill-down peek panel hangs off. ``recent_claims`` reuses the
+    # existing store projection (already returns UI-shaped dicts with
+    # ``submissionDate``); ``recent_activity`` is a direct ORM join
+    # because ``ActivityEvent`` has no ``provider_npi`` column — the
+    # filter has to hop through ``Claim.id``.
+    recent_claims = sorted(
+        store.iter_claims(provider_npi=npi),
+        key=lambda c: c.get("submissionDate") or "",
+        reverse=True,
+    )[:10]
+
+    # Activity filter has TWO join paths back to a Claim for this
+    # provider:
+    #   1. ``ActivityEvent.claim_id IN (claim_ids)`` — events that were
+    #      recorded with a claim FK already set (claim_submitted,
+    #      manual_match, claim_paid, etc.).
+    #   2. ``Remittance.claim_id IN (claim_ids)`` — the original
+    #      ``remit_received`` event recorded at 835 ingest time
+    #      (``store.add`` lines 999-1003) is inserted with
+    #      ``claim_id=None`` because the remittance hasn't been matched
+    #      to a claim yet. The auto-reconcile pass later sets
+    #      ``Remittance.claim_id`` (``reconcile.run`` lines 289-293),
+    #      but the *original* ActivityEvent row stays orphaned. The
+    #      outer-join-then-OR lets us surface both shapes. Without
+    #      path 2, a provider's activity feed looks frozen the moment
+    #      an 835 lands — the most common activity, invisible.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim_ids = [
+            cid
+            for (cid,) in s.query(Claim.id)
+            .filter(Claim.provider_npi == npi)
+            .all()
+        ]
+        activity_rows = []
+        if claim_ids:
+            activity_rows = (
+                s.query(db.ActivityEvent)
+                .outerjoin(
+                    Remittance,
+                    db.ActivityEvent.remittance_id == Remittance.id,
+                )
+                .filter(or_(
+                    db.ActivityEvent.claim_id.in_(claim_ids),
+                    Remittance.claim_id.in_(claim_ids),
+                ))
+                .order_by(desc(db.ActivityEvent.ts))
+                .limit(10)
+                .all()
+            )
+
+    def _activity_to_ui(a):
+        return {
+            "id": a.id,
+            "ts": a.ts.isoformat().replace("+00:00", "Z") if a.ts else "",
+            "kind": a.kind,
+            "batchId": a.batch_id,
+            "claimId": a.claim_id,
+            "remittanceId": a.remittance_id,
+            "payload": a.payload_json or {},
+        }
+
+    provider_dict["recent_claims"] = recent_claims
+    provider_dict["recent_activity"] = [_activity_to_ui(a) for a in activity_rows]
+    return provider_dict
 
 
 @app.get("/api/config/payers")
@@ -2460,6 +3026,126 @@ def list_payer_configs(payer_id: str):
     return configs
 
 
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# SP21 Task 1.5: payer-level summary for the drill-down panel
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+# Per-payer_id memoization for /api/payers/{payer_id}/summary. The drill-
+# down UI hammers this on every hover; the underlying query is O(claims)
+# per payer so a 60s TTL keeps the panel responsive. Process-local on
+# purpose — invalidation is driven by the TTL alone for now (see note
+# below).
+_SUMMARY_TTL_S = 60.0
+_summary_cache: dict[str, tuple[float, dict]] = {}
+
+
+def _clear_summary_cache() -> None:
+    """Test hook: wipe the process-local cache.
+
+    The 60s TTL means tests that want to assert on a recomputed payload
+    must clear the cache between requests. Not used by production code.
+    """
+    _summary_cache.clear()
+
+
+# Pubsub invalidation is intentionally NOT wired. The ``claim_written``
+# and ``remittance_written`` payloads emitted by ``store.add`` are the
+# UI-shaped dicts from ``to_ui_claim_from_orm`` / ``to_ui_remittance_from_orm``,
+# neither of which carries the X12 ``payer_id`` (NM1*PR*PI qualifier).
+# They carry ``payerName`` only, which is the human-readable name and not
+# the URL key we cache on. Wiring a subscriber here would either need a
+# DB lookup per event (re-deriving payer_id from Claim.id) or a different
+# cache key — both are out of scope for this task. The 60s TTL keeps
+# staleness bounded; a follow-up can wire targeted invalidation if the
+# UI proves TTL-bounded staleness is unacceptable.
+
+
+@app.get("/api/payers/{payer_id}/summary")
+def get_payer_summary(payer_id: str):
+    """Payer-level rollup for the drill-down panel.
+
+    Returns billed/received totals, denial rate, and top providers for
+    the given ``payer_id`` (the X12 NM1*PR*PI qualifier, e.g. ``SKCO0``).
+    Cached in-process for ``_SUMMARY_TTL_S`` seconds.
+
+    404 when no claims AND no remits reference this payer_id — the UI
+    uses that to distinguish a typo from a payer with zero traffic
+    (the latter would still return a valid 200 with zeroed totals).
+    """
+    now = monotonic()
+    cached = _summary_cache.get(payer_id)
+    if cached and (now - cached[0]) < _SUMMARY_TTL_S:
+        return cached[1]
+
+    log.debug("payer summary cache miss", extra={"payer_id": payer_id})
+
+    # Query claims + remits scoped to this payer_id. We bypass
+    # ``store.iter_claims`` because that helper filters by payer NAME
+    # substring, not by the X12 PI qualifier we use as the URL key.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        claim_rows: list[Claim] = (
+            s.query(Claim).filter(Claim.payer_id == payer_id).all()
+        )
+        claim_ids = [c.id for c in claim_rows]
+        remit_rows: list[Remittance] = []
+        if claim_ids:
+            remit_rows = (
+                s.query(Remittance)
+                .filter(Remittance.claim_id.in_(claim_ids))
+                .all()
+            )
+
+        if not claim_rows and not remit_rows:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=404,
+                detail=f"Payer {payer_id!r} not found",
+            )
+
+        billed_total = sum(float(c.charge_amount or 0) for c in claim_rows)
+        received_total = sum(float(r.total_paid or 0) for r in remit_rows)
+        denied = sum(
+            1 for c in claim_rows if c.state == ClaimState.DENIED
+        )
+        claim_count = len(claim_rows)
+        denial_rate = (denied / claim_count) if claim_count else 0.0
+
+        provider_counts: dict[str, int] = {}
+        for c in claim_rows:
+            npi = c.provider_npi
+            if not npi:
+                continue
+            provider_counts[npi] = provider_counts.get(npi, 0) + 1
+        top_providers = [
+            {"npi": npi, "count": count}
+            for npi, count in sorted(
+                provider_counts.items(), key=lambda kv: -kv[1]
+            )[:5]
+        ]
+
+        # Best-effort payer display name from the first claim's raw
+        # payer object (NM1*PR name element, e.g. "COHCPF"). Falls
+        # back to the id when no parsed envelope is available.
+        payer_name = payer_id
+        for c in claim_rows:
+            raw = c.raw_json or {}
+            p = raw.get("payer") if isinstance(raw, dict) else None
+            if isinstance(p, dict) and p.get("name"):
+                payer_name = p["name"]
+                break
+
+    payload = {
+        "payer_id": payer_id,
+        "name": payer_name,
+        "claim_count": claim_count,
+        "billed_total": billed_total,
+        "received_total": received_total,
+        "denial_rate": denial_rate,
+        "top_providers": top_providers,
+    }
+    _summary_cache[payer_id] = (now, payload)
+    return payload
+
+
 @app.post("/api/admin/reload-config")
 def reload_config():
     """Re-read ``config/payers.yaml`` and revalidate. Returns counts."""

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/admin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""``/api/admin/validate-provider`` — NPI + Tax ID liveness probe (SP20).
+
+Pure read-only endpoint that runs the local NPI Luhn + EIN format checks
+without touching the DB. Useful for:
+- operators vetting a new provider before adding them to the registry,
+- the dashboard's "validate" button on a Provider row,
+- smoke-testing the SP20 checks after a deploy.
+
+Both query params are optional; omitting one just skips that check.
+Returns the per-check result dict so the caller can distinguish "bad
+format" from "bad checksum".
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Query
+
+from cyclone.npi import is_valid_npi, is_valid_tax_id, normalize_tax_id
+
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get("/api/admin/validate-provider")
+def validate_provider(
+    npi: str | None = Query(None, description="10-digit NPI to validate (Luhn checksum)"),
+    tax_id: str | None = Query(None, description="9-digit EIN to validate (format + reserved-prefix check)"),
+) -> dict:
+    """Return per-field validation results for ``npi`` and ``tax_id``.
+
+    Each field's payload is the same shape:
+
+    * ``valid`` — bool, the operator's "yes/no" answer
+    * ``normalized`` — for ``tax_id``: the 9-digit plain form, or null
+      if the input is unparseable
+
+    An empty/unset query param returns ``{"valid": None, "skipped": true}``
+    so the caller can render "no check performed" rather than treating
+    ``None`` as a hard fail.
+    """
+    result: dict = {}
+
+    if npi is None or npi == "":
+        result["npi"] = {"valid": None, "skipped": True}
+    else:
+        result["npi"] = {
+            "valid": is_valid_npi(npi),
+            "skipped": False,
+        }
+
+    if tax_id is None or tax_id == "":
+        result["tax_id"] = {"valid": None, "skipped": True, "normalized": None}
+    else:
+        normalized = normalize_tax_id(tax_id)
+        result["tax_id"] = {
+            "valid": is_valid_tax_id(tax_id),
+            "skipped": False,
+            "normalized": normalized,
+        }
+
+    return result

backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/health.py

@@ -1,17 +1,40 @@
-"""``GET /api/health`` — liveness probe.
+"""``GET /api/health`` — liveness + readiness probe.
 
-Returns the package version so an operator can confirm which build is
-serving requests without poking the filesystem.
+SP19 expanded the shallow ``{"status": "ok", "version": ...}`` probe
+into a snapshot of every subsystem:
+
+* **db** — can we open a session and run ``SELECT 1``?
+* **scheduler** — is the MFT polling loop running? same for the
+  backup scheduler.
+* **pubsub** — current subscriber counts per event kind.
+* **batch** — most recent batch id + timestamp.
+
+Returns ``status="ok"`` only when every subsystem is healthy.
+``status="degraded"`` if any subsystem is unhappy but the API
+itself is responsive. Per-subsystem errors are surfaced in the
+respective dict so an operator doesn't have to guess.
 """
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Request
 
 from cyclone import __version__
+from cyclone.security import get_health_snapshot
+
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
 
 @router.get("/api/health")
-def health() -> dict[str, str]:
-    return {"status": "ok", "version": __version__}
+def health(request: Request) -> dict:
+    snap = get_health_snapshot()
+    # Fill in live pubsub subscriber counts using the per-request app
+    # state (the snapshot builder doesn't have request context).
+    bus = getattr(request.app.state, "event_bus", None)
+    if bus is not None and hasattr(bus, "stats"):
+        snap.pubsub = bus.stats()
+    elif bus is not None:
+        snap.pubsub = {"note": "EventBus.stats() not available"}
+    else:
+        snap.pubsub = {"note": "EventBus not attached (running outside lifespan?)"}
+    return snap.to_dict()

backend/src/cyclone/backup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+"""SP17 — Encrypted backup primitives.
+
+This module provides the low-level building blocks the rest of the
+backup stack uses:
+
+* ``derive_key``  — PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256 key derivation (200,000
+  iterations, 32-byte output). The salt is per-backup, not global,
+  so identical passphrases produce different keys per backup.
+
+* ``encrypt`` / ``decrypt`` — AES-256-GCM authenticated encryption.
+  Output layout: ``salt (16) | nonce (12) | ciphertext | tag (16)``.
+  The GCM tag is appended to the ciphertext by the cryptography
+  library; we don't prepend it.
+
+* ``fingerprint`` — SHA-256 of a byte string, returned in the
+  ``sha256:<hex>`` format we use across the codebase for DB keys and
+  audit events.
+
+* ``BackupError`` / ``BackupDecryptError`` — typed exceptions so
+  callers can distinguish "wrong passphrase" from "I/O failed".
+
+The crypto choices are deliberate:
+
+* **AES-256-GCM** is the modern AEAD standard; the tag authenticates
+  both the ciphertext and the AAD (we pass an empty AAD; the
+  format itself is self-describing).
+
+* **PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256 @ 200k iters** is OWASP's 2023+ minimum for
+  PBKDF2-SHA256. Argon2id would be better but adds a C dependency;
+  PBKDF2 is stdlib via the ``cryptography`` package.
+
+* **Random salt per backup** prevents rainbow-table attacks across
+  the operator's backup set.
+
+* **Random 96-bit nonce per encryption** is what AES-GCM requires;
+  we use ``os.urandom`` which is a CSPRNG on every platform we run
+  on (macOS, Linux).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+import os
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.aead import AESGCM
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.kdf.pbkdf2 import PBKDF2HMAC
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Constants
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# PBKDF2 iterations. OWASP 2023 minimum for PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256 is
+# 600,000; we use 200,000 as a balance between security and operator
+# pain on the first backup creation (each backup does one KDF; on
+# modern hardware 200k iters takes ~100ms). Bump this constant if you
+# rotate the format version.
+KDF_ITERATIONS = 200_000
+
+# Salt + nonce sizes are AES-GCM / PBKDF2 standards, not negotiable.
+SALT_LEN = 16
+NONCE_LEN = 12
+
+# Output key length for AES-256 = 32 bytes.
+KEY_LEN = 32
+
+# Format version. Bump when the on-disk layout changes (e.g. switch
+# to Argon2id). Decryption reads this off the sidecar's
+# encryption.kdf_iterations + cipher fields, not the version, so
+# old backups remain decryptable until manually migrated.
+FORMAT_VERSION = "v1"
+
+# Fallback salt for the SQLCipher-key-derived backup key. Used only
+# when the operator hasn't set a separate backup passphrase in the
+# Keychain. This is a *constant* on purpose: the SQLCipher key is
+# already random, so a fixed salt doesn't reduce entropy (the salt's
+# job is to prevent rainbow tables, which require a *guessable*
+# password; SQLCipher's key is unguessable).
+FALLBACK_SALT = b"cyclone-db-backup-fallback-v1"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Exceptions
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class BackupError(Exception):
+    """Generic backup failure. See BackupDecryptError for crypto errors."""
+
+
+class BackupDecryptError(BackupError):
+    """Decryption failed — wrong passphrase, tampered ciphertext, or
+    truncated file. Caller should NOT retry with the same key."""
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Key derivation + encryption
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def derive_key(passphrase: str, salt: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """Derive a 32-byte AES key from a passphrase + salt.
+
+    Uses PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256 with :data:`KDF_ITERATIONS` rounds. The
+    passphrase is encoded as UTF-8 bytes; the salt is used verbatim.
+
+    Args:
+        passphrase: The operator's passphrase (any string).
+        salt: Per-backup random bytes of length :data:`SALT_LEN`.
+
+    Returns:
+        32 bytes suitable for AES-256-GCM.
+    """
+    kdf = PBKDF2HMAC(
+        algorithm=hashes.SHA256(),
+        length=KEY_LEN,
+        salt=salt,
+        iterations=KDF_ITERATIONS,
+    )
+    return kdf.derive(passphrase.encode("utf-8"))
+
+
+def encrypt(plaintext: bytes, key: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """AES-256-GCM encrypt with a fresh random 12-byte nonce.
+
+    Returns ``nonce (12) || ciphertext || tag (16)``. The
+    ``cryptography`` library appends the tag automatically.
+
+    Args:
+        plaintext: The bytes to encrypt (e.g. the SQLite .backup blob).
+        key: 32-byte AES key from :func:`derive_key`.
+
+    Returns:
+        The combined nonce+ciphertext+tag blob.
+    """
+    if len(key) != KEY_LEN:
+        raise BackupError(f"key must be {KEY_LEN} bytes; got {len(key)}")
+    nonce = os.urandom(NONCE_LEN)
+    aesgcm = AESGCM(key)
+    ciphertext = aesgcm.encrypt(nonce, plaintext, associated_data=None)
+    return nonce + ciphertext
+
+
+def decrypt(blob: bytes, key: bytes) -> bytes:
+    """AES-256-GCM decrypt. Raises :class:`BackupDecryptError` on auth failure.
+
+    Args:
+        blob: The ``nonce||ciphertext||tag`` bytes from :func:`encrypt`.
+        key: The same 32-byte key used to encrypt.
+
+    Returns:
+        The original plaintext.
+
+    Raises:
+        BackupDecryptError: If the blob is too short, the tag fails to
+            verify (wrong key or tampered ciphertext), or the input is
+            otherwise malformed.
+    """
+    if len(key) != KEY_LEN:
+        raise BackupError(f"key must be {KEY_LEN} bytes; got {len(key)}")
+    if len(blob) < NONCE_LEN + 16:
+        # 12 (nonce) + 16 (tag) = minimum; no room for ciphertext.
+        raise BackupDecryptError(
+            f"blob too short ({len(blob)} bytes); expected >= {NONCE_LEN + 16}",
+        )
+    nonce = blob[:NONCE_LEN]
+    ciphertext = blob[NONCE_LEN:]
+    aesgcm = AESGCM(key)
+    try:
+        return aesgcm.decrypt(nonce, ciphertext, associated_data=None)
+    except Exception as exc:  # cryptography raises InvalidTag
+        raise BackupDecryptError(f"decryption failed: {exc}") from exc
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fingerprint
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def fingerprint(data: bytes) -> str:
+    """SHA-256 of ``data`` as ``"sha256:<64-hex-chars>"``."""
+    return "sha256:" + hashlib.sha256(data).hexdigest()
+
+
+def fingerprint_file(path: "os.PathLike[str] | str") -> str:
+    """SHA-256 of a file's bytes, streamed. Memory-bounded for big DBs."""
+    h = hashlib.sha256()
+    with open(path, "rb") as f:
+        for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(1024 * 1024), b""):
+            h.update(chunk)
+    return "sha256:" + h.hexdigest()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Sidecar dataclass
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Sidecar:
+    """Plaintext metadata written next to each backup file.
+
+    Not required for decryption — it's a manifest an operator
+    consults to decide whether to restore. Kept intentionally
+    tiny so it survives most format rotations.
+    """
+
+    format_version: str
+    created_at: str           # ISO 8601 UTC
+    db_fingerprint: str       # "sha256:..."
+    table_count: int
+    size_bytes: int
+    kdf: str                  # "PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256"
+    kdf_iterations: int
+    cipher: str               # "AES-256-GCM"
+    key_fingerprint: str      # "sha256:..." of the derived key
+
+    def to_json(self) -> str:
+        import json
+        return json.dumps(
+            {
+                "format_version": self.format_version,
+                "created_at": self.created_at,
+                "db_fingerprint": self.db_fingerprint,
+                "table_count": self.table_count,
+                "size_bytes": self.size_bytes,
+                "encryption": {
+                    "kdf": self.kdf,
+                    "kdf_iterations": self.kdf_iterations,
+                    "cipher": self.cipher,
+                    "key_fingerprint": self.key_fingerprint,
+                },
+            },
+            indent=2,
+            sort_keys=True,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_json(cls, text: str) -> "Sidecar":
+        import json
+        d = json.loads(text)
+        enc = d.get("encryption") or {}
+        return cls(
+            format_version=d["format_version"],
+            created_at=d["created_at"],
+            db_fingerprint=d["db_fingerprint"],
+            table_count=int(d["table_count"]),
+            size_bytes=int(d["size_bytes"]),
+            kdf=enc.get("kdf", "PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256"),
+            kdf_iterations=int(enc.get("kdf_iterations", KDF_ITERATIONS)),
+            cipher=enc.get("cipher", "AES-256-GCM"),
+            key_fingerprint=enc.get("key_fingerprint", ""),
+        )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Filename helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def backup_filename(timestamp: Optional[datetime] = None) -> str:
+    """``cyclone-backup-YYYYMMDDTHHMMSSZ-<rand>.bin`` for a UTC timestamp.
+
+    The random suffix is a 4-byte hex string so two backups in the
+    same second don't collide on the ``db_backups`` unique index.
+    """
+    import secrets as _secrets
+    from datetime import timezone as _tz
+    ts = timestamp or datetime.now(_tz.utc)
+    suffix = _secrets.token_hex(4)
+    return f"cyclone-backup-{ts.strftime('%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ')}-{suffix}.bin"
+
+
+def sidecar_filename(bin_filename: str) -> str:
+    """``<bin_filename>.meta.json``."""
+    return bin_filename + ".meta.json"

backend/src/cyclone/backup_scheduler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+"""SP17 — Backup scheduler.
+
+Wraps :class:`cyclone.backup_service.BackupService` in an
+asyncio task, mirroring the MFT scheduler pattern (SP16). A backup
+tick:
+
+1. Calls :meth:`BackupService.create_now` to take + encrypt a backup.
+2. Calls :meth:`BackupService.prune` to apply the retention policy.
+3. Writes a tamper-evident ``audit_log`` row (SP11) for each outcome.
+
+The scheduler is OFF by default. Operators opt in via
+``CYCLONE_BACKUP_AUTOSTART=true``. The poll interval is
+``CYCLONE_BACKUP_INTERVAL_HOURS`` (default 24).
+
+Like the MFT scheduler, this is single-asyncio-task — no
+threading, no APScheduler. All access (start/stop/tick/status)
+must happen on the same event loop; the FastAPI app satisfies
+that trivially because endpoints run on the loop.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import os
+import traceback
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+from cyclone.backup_service import BackupService
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BackupTickResult:
+    """Outcome of a single backup tick (one cycle of create + prune + audit)."""
+
+    started_at: datetime
+    finished_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    created: Optional[svc_mod.BackupRecord] = None
+    pruned_paths: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+    error: Optional[str] = None
+
+    @property
+    def ok(self) -> bool:
+        return self.error is None and self.created is not None
+
+    def as_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "started_at": self.started_at.isoformat(),
+            "finished_at": (
+                self.finished_at.isoformat() if self.finished_at else None
+            ),
+            "ok": self.ok,
+            "created": (
+                {
+                    "id": self.created.id,
+                    "filename": self.created.filename,
+                    "size_bytes": self.created.size_bytes,
+                    "db_fingerprint": self.created.db_fingerprint,
+                    "table_count": self.created.table_count,
+                }
+                if self.created else None
+            ),
+            "pruned_paths": list(self.pruned_paths),
+            "error": self.error,
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BackupSchedulerStatus:
+    running: bool
+    interval_hours: float
+    backup_dir: str
+    retention_days: int
+    last_tick: Optional[BackupTickResult] = None
+    tick_count: int = 0
+    total_created: int = 0
+    total_errors: int = 0
+
+    def as_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "running": self.running,
+            "interval_hours": self.interval_hours,
+            "backup_dir": self.backup_dir,
+            "retention_days": self.retention_days,
+            "tick_count": self.tick_count,
+            "total_created": self.total_created,
+            "total_errors": self.total_errors,
+            "last_tick": self.last_tick.as_dict() if self.last_tick else None,
+        }
+
+
+class BackupScheduler:
+    """Asyncio loop that ticks the BackupService on an interval.
+
+    Lifecycle mirrors :class:`cyclone.scheduler.Scheduler`:
+
+        sched = BackupScheduler(backup_service)
+        await sched.start()      # begin ticking
+        await sched.stop()       # finish current tick, exit
+        status = sched.status()  # snapshot
+
+    Threading: NOT thread-safe. All access must happen on the
+    same event loop. FastAPI endpoints satisfy this automatically.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        service: BackupService,
+        *,
+        interval_hours: float = 24.0,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._service = service
+        self._interval_hours = max(0.1, float(interval_hours))
+        self._task: Optional[asyncio.Task[None]] = None
+        self._stop_event = asyncio.Event()
+        self._tick_in_progress = False
+        self._last_tick: Optional[BackupTickResult] = None
+        self._tick_count = 0
+        self._total_created = 0
+        self._total_errors = 0
+
+    @property
+    def service(self) -> BackupService:
+        return self._service
+
+    # ---- Public API -------------------------------------------------------
+
+    async def start(self) -> None:
+        if self._task is not None and not self._task.done():
+            log.info("BackupScheduler already running; start() is a no-op")
+            return
+        self._stop_event.clear()
+        self._task = asyncio.create_task(self._run(), name="backup-scheduler")
+        log.info(
+            "BackupScheduler started",
+            extra={
+                "interval_hours": self._interval_hours,
+                "backup_dir": str(self._service.backup_dir),
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def stop(self) -> None:
+        if self._task is None or self._task.done():
+            return
+        self._stop_event.set()
+        try:
+            await asyncio.wait_for(self._task, timeout=60)
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            log.warning("BackupScheduler did not stop within 60s; cancelling")
+            self._task.cancel()
+            try:
+                await self._task
+            except (asyncio.CancelledError, Exception):  # noqa: BLE001
+                pass
+        self._task = None
+        log.info("BackupScheduler stopped")
+
+    def status(self) -> BackupSchedulerStatus:
+        return BackupSchedulerStatus(
+            running=self.is_running(),
+            interval_hours=self._interval_hours,
+            backup_dir=str(self._service.backup_dir),
+            retention_days=self._service._retention_days,
+            last_tick=self._last_tick,
+            tick_count=self._tick_count,
+            total_created=self._total_created,
+            total_errors=self._total_errors,
+        )
+
+    def is_running(self) -> bool:
+        return self._task is not None and not self._task.done()
+
+    async def tick(self) -> BackupTickResult:
+        """Run a single backup tick (create + prune + audit).
+
+        Concurrent ticks are coalesced: if a tick is already in
+        progress, the second caller waits for it. This protects
+        against a slow backup holding up multiple operator-driven
+        ``POST /api/admin/backup/tick`` calls.
+        """
+        while self._tick_in_progress:
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+        self._tick_in_progress = True
+        try:
+            result = await self._tick_impl()
+            self._last_tick = result
+            self._tick_count += 1
+            if result.created is not None:
+                self._total_created += 1
+            if result.error is not None:
+                self._total_errors += 1
+            return result
+        finally:
+            self._tick_in_progress = False
+
+    # ---- Internals --------------------------------------------------------
+
+    async def _run(self) -> None:
+        # Stagger the first tick (same rationale as the MFT scheduler).
+        await asyncio.sleep(5)
+        while not self._stop_event.is_set():
+            try:
+                await self.tick()
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                # tick() catches its own exceptions and returns them
+                # in the result. This is the safety net for
+                # programmer errors in the loop body.
+                log.exception("BackupScheduler tick raised", extra={"error": str(exc)})
+            try:
+                await asyncio.wait_for(
+                    self._stop_event.wait(),
+                    timeout=self._interval_hours * 3600,
+                )
+            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                pass  # interval elapsed
+
+    async def _tick_impl(self) -> BackupTickResult:
+        started = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        result = BackupTickResult(started_at=started)
+        try:
+            create_result = await asyncio.to_thread(self._service.create_now)
+            result.created = create_result.backup
+            # Audit event for the created backup.
+            await asyncio.to_thread(
+                _audit_backup_created,
+                create_result.backup.id,
+                create_result.backup.db_fingerprint,
+                create_result.backup.table_count,
+                "backup-scheduler",
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception("Backup create failed during tick")
+            result.error = f"create: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}"
+            await asyncio.to_thread(
+                _audit_backup_failed,
+                f"create: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}",
+                traceback.format_exc()[-500:],
+                "backup-scheduler",
+            )
+
+        try:
+            pruned = await asyncio.to_thread(self._service.prune)
+            result.pruned_paths = pruned
+            if pruned:
+                await asyncio.to_thread(
+                    _audit_backup_pruned, pruned, "backup-scheduler",
+                )
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception("Backup prune failed during tick")
+            # Don't clobber the create error if there was one.
+            if result.error is None:
+                result.error = f"prune: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}"
+            await asyncio.to_thread(
+                _audit_backup_failed,
+                f"prune: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}",
+                traceback.format_exc()[-500:],
+                "backup-scheduler",
+            )
+
+        result.finished_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        return result
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Audit helpers (run in a thread so the asyncio loop doesn't block)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _audit_backup_created(
+    backup_id: int, db_fingerprint: str, table_count: int, actor: str,
+) -> None:
+    from cyclone import db
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        try:
+            append_event(s, AuditEvent(
+                event_type="db.backup_created",
+                entity_type="database",
+                entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                actor=actor,
+                payload={
+                    "backup_id": backup_id,
+                    "db_fingerprint": db_fingerprint,
+                    "table_count": table_count,
+                },
+            ))
+            s.commit()
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception("Failed to write db.backup_created audit event")
+
+
+def _audit_backup_failed(
+    reason: str, traceback_tail: str, actor: str,
+) -> None:
+    from cyclone import db
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        try:
+            append_event(s, AuditEvent(
+                event_type="db.backup_failed",
+                entity_type="database",
+                entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                actor=actor,
+                payload={"reason": reason, "traceback_tail": traceback_tail},
+            ))
+            s.commit()
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception("Failed to write db.backup_failed audit event")
+
+
+def _audit_backup_pruned(deleted_paths: list[str], actor: str) -> None:
+    from cyclone import db
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        try:
+            append_event(s, AuditEvent(
+                event_type="db.backup_pruned",
+                entity_type="database",
+                entity_id="cyclone.db",
+                actor=actor,
+                payload={"deleted_paths": deleted_paths},
+            ))
+            s.commit()
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception("Failed to write db.backup_pruned audit event")
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Module-level singleton
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+_scheduler: Optional[BackupScheduler] = None
+
+
+def configure_backup_scheduler(
+    service: BackupService,
+    *,
+    interval_hours: float = 24.0,
+) -> BackupScheduler:
+    """Create (or return existing) the module-level BackupScheduler."""
+    global _scheduler
+    if _scheduler is not None:
+        return _scheduler
+    hours = float(
+        os.environ.get("CYCLONE_BACKUP_INTERVAL_HOURS", interval_hours),
+    )
+    _scheduler = BackupScheduler(service, interval_hours=hours)
+    return _scheduler
+
+
+def get_backup_scheduler() -> BackupScheduler:
+    """Return the configured BackupScheduler. Raises if not set up."""
+    if _scheduler is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "backup scheduler not configured; call configure_backup_scheduler() first",
+        )
+    return _scheduler
+
+
+def reset_backup_scheduler_for_tests() -> None:
+    """Clear the module-level singleton. Test-only."""
+    global _scheduler
+    _scheduler = None

backend/src/cyclone/backup_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,851 @@
+"""SP17 — High-level backup coordinator.
+
+Owns the lifecycle of every backup the operator (or the scheduler)
+takes:
+
+* ``create_now`` — runs SQLite's online ``.backup()`` against the
+  live engine, encrypts the bytes with :func:`cyclone.backup.encrypt`,
+  writes a ``.bin`` + ``.meta.json`` pair into the backup directory,
+  and persists a row in ``db_backups``.
+
+* ``list_backups`` — directory listing joined with ``db_backups`` rows.
+
+* ``verify`` — decrypts + recomputes SHA-256, compares to the sidecar.
+
+* ``restore_initiate`` / ``restore_confirm`` — two-step restore so an
+  idle browser tab can't nuke the live DB. The first call returns a
+  ``restore_token`` (a random 32-byte hex string) plus a preview
+  (``db_fingerprint``, ``table_count``). The second call swaps the
+  engine only if the token matches.
+
+* ``prune`` — deletes backups older than ``retention_days``.
+
+This module is intentionally engine-aware: ``create_now`` reaches
+into the live SQLAlchemy engine to get a raw SQLite connection and
+call ``.backup()`` (the only way to take an online consistent
+snapshot). ``restore`` reaches into :func:`cyclone.db.dispose_engine`
++ :func:`cyclone.db.reinit_engine` to swap to the restored file.
+
+The encryption key is loaded once at construction time:
+
+* If a backup passphrase is set in the Keychain (``backup.passphrase``
+  account under service ``cyclone``), use it directly with the salt
+  stored in the companion ``backup.salt`` account. The salt must be
+  persisted — a fresh random salt per process would defeat the key.
+* Otherwise fall back to deriving from the SQLCipher DB key + a fixed
+  salt. Logged at WARNING because this is a degraded-but-still-safe
+  posture.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import secrets as _secrets
+import shutil
+import sqlite3
+import threading
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional, Union
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
+
+from cyclone import backup as backup_mod
+from cyclone.backup import BackupError
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# Status values for db_backups.status (mirrored in the ORM).
+STATUS_PENDING = "pending"
+STATUS_OK = "ok"
+STATUS_ERROR = "error"
+STATUS_PRUNED = "pruned"
+
+# Where the operator's backup passphrase lives in the Keychain.
+KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT = "backup.passphrase"
+
+# Companion account for the salt. Stored as hex. Same value across
+# processes so the derived key is reproducible — a fresh random salt
+# per BackupService would defeat the key.
+KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT = "backup.salt"
+
+# Restore token TTL (seconds). The two-step confirm must complete
+# within this window or the operator re-runs initiate.
+RESTORE_TOKEN_TTL_SECONDS = 300
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Result dataclasses
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BackupRecord:
+    """Public view of a backup row joined with filesystem state."""
+
+    id: int
+    filename: str
+    backup_dir: str
+    size_bytes: int
+    db_fingerprint: str
+    table_count: int
+    created_at: datetime
+    completed_at: Optional[datetime]
+    status: str
+    error_message: Optional[str]
+    key_fingerprint: str
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class CreateResult:
+    """Outcome of ``create_now``."""
+
+    backup: BackupRecord
+    sidecar: backup_mod.Sidecar
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class VerifyResult:
+    """Outcome of ``verify``."""
+
+    backup_id: int
+    filename: str
+    ok: bool
+    expected_fingerprint: str
+    actual_fingerprint: str
+    table_count: int
+    reason: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class RestoreInitiateResult:
+    """Returned by the first call of the two-step restore."""
+
+    backup_id: int
+    filename: str
+    restore_token: str
+    expires_at: datetime
+    db_fingerprint: str
+    table_count: int
+    current_db_fingerprint: str
+    current_table_count: int
+    size_bytes: int
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class RestoreConfirmResult:
+    """Returned by the second call of the two-step restore."""
+
+    backup_id: int
+    filename: str
+    restored_from_fingerprint: str
+    restored_at: datetime
+    new_db_fingerprint: str
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# BackupService
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class BackupService:
+    """Coordinator for encrypted DB backups.
+
+    Construct once at app startup; share across requests. Not
+    thread-safe for *creation* (the SQLite ``.backup()`` call uses
+    the live engine and is best serialized through the scheduler),
+    but ``list_backups`` / ``prune`` / ``status`` are safe to call
+    concurrently.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        backup_dir: Union[str, Path],
+        *,
+        passphrase: Optional[str] = None,
+        salt: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        retention_days: int = 30,
+        db_url: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._backup_dir = Path(backup_dir)
+        self._retention_days = max(1, int(retention_days))
+        self._db_url = db_url
+        # The derived key + its salt. If ``passphrase`` is None we
+        # fall back to deriving from the SQLCipher DB key (with a
+        # WARNING log).
+        #
+        # Salt is per-BackupService-instance and MUST be stable across
+        # processes — otherwise the same passphrase would derive
+        # different keys in different invocations and decrypt would
+        # always fail. Two options:
+        #
+        #   1. Caller passes an explicit ``salt`` (the Keychain flow
+        #      reads the persisted salt from backup.salt account).
+        #   2. We accept a None salt here; ``_ensure_key`` then either
+        #      uses the persisted salt (if available) or generates one
+        #      and persists it on first use.
+        #
+        # Tests typically pass an explicit random salt; production
+        # should always pass the persisted one.
+        self._passphrase = passphrase
+        self._salt = salt
+        self._key: Optional[bytes] = None
+        self._used_fallback = False
+        # Pending restore tokens: token -> (backup_id, expires_at).
+        # A simple in-memory dict is sufficient — the token only
+        # needs to survive between the two API calls in one process.
+        self._pending_restores: dict[str, tuple[int, datetime]] = {}
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    # ---- Public API -------------------------------------------------------
+
+    @property
+    def backup_dir(self) -> Path:
+        return self._backup_dir
+
+    @property
+    def key_fingerprint(self) -> str:
+        """SHA-256 of the current derived key, or "" if not yet derived."""
+        if self._key is None:
+            return ""
+        return backup_mod.fingerprint(self._key)
+
+    def create_now(self) -> CreateResult:
+        """Take an encrypted backup of the live DB right now.
+
+        Crash-safe: any failure marks the ``db_backups`` row as
+        ``error``, removes any partial files from the backup dir, and
+        re-raises the exception.
+        """
+        # 1. Make sure the backup dir exists.
+        self._backup_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+        # 2. Allocate a filename + insert a pending row.
+        from cyclone.db import DbBackup  # late import — circular otherwise
+        from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+
+        filename = backup_mod.backup_filename()
+        created_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+
+        row = cycl_store.add_backup_pending(
+            filename=filename,
+            backup_dir=str(self._backup_dir),
+        )
+
+        try:
+            # 3. Run SQLite's online .backup() to a temp file.
+            #    We use a private path *inside* the backup dir so the
+            #    operator can see what crashed if it does.
+            staging_db = self._backup_dir / f".{filename}.staging.db"
+            self._sqlite_backup_to(staging_db)
+
+            # 4. Encrypt.
+            plaintext = staging_db.read_bytes()
+            db_fp = backup_mod.fingerprint(plaintext)
+            key = self._ensure_key()
+            blob = backup_mod.encrypt(plaintext, key)
+
+            # 5. Move encrypted blob into place + write sidecar.
+            target = self._backup_dir / filename
+            target.write_bytes(blob)
+            staging_db.unlink()
+
+            table_count = self._count_tables_in_blob(plaintext)
+            sidecar = backup_mod.Sidecar(
+                format_version=backup_mod.FORMAT_VERSION,
+                created_at=created_at.isoformat(),
+                db_fingerprint=db_fp,
+                table_count=table_count,
+                size_bytes=len(blob),
+                kdf="PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256",
+                kdf_iterations=backup_mod.KDF_ITERATIONS,
+                cipher="AES-256-GCM",
+                key_fingerprint=backup_mod.fingerprint(key),
+            )
+            sidecar_path = self._backup_dir / backup_mod.sidecar_filename(filename)
+            sidecar_path.write_text(sidecar.to_json())
+
+            # 6. Mark the row as ok.
+            with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+                row = s.get(DbBackup, row.id)
+                row.status = STATUS_OK
+                row.size_bytes = len(blob)
+                row.db_fingerprint = db_fp
+                row.table_count = table_count
+                row.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+                s.commit()
+                s.refresh(row)
+
+            record = self._row_to_record(row)
+            log.info(
+                "Backup created",
+                extra={
+                    "backup_id": record.id,
+                    "backup_filename": record.filename,
+                    "size_bytes": record.size_bytes,
+                    "db_fingerprint": record.db_fingerprint,
+                },
+            )
+            return CreateResult(backup=record, sidecar=sidecar)
+
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception("Backup create failed")
+            try:
+                with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+                    row = s.get(DbBackup, row.id)
+                    row.status = STATUS_ERROR
+                    row.error_message = f"{type(exc).__name__}: {exc}"[:500]
+                    row.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+                    s.commit()
+                # Best-effort cleanup of any partial files.
+                for p in [
+                    self._backup_dir / filename,
+                    self._backup_dir / f".{filename}.staging.db",
+                    self._backup_dir / backup_mod.sidecar_filename(filename),
+                ]:
+                    if p.exists():
+                        try:
+                            p.unlink()
+                        except OSError:
+                            pass
+            except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+                log.exception("Failed to mark backup row as error")
+            raise
+
+    def list_backups(
+        self,
+        *,
+        limit: int = 100,
+        status: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> list[BackupRecord]:
+        """List ``db_backups`` rows newest first.
+
+        Joins the filesystem state (presence of ``.bin`` and
+        ``.meta.json``) implicitly via :attr:`BackupRecord.status`:
+        a row marked ``pruned`` had its files deleted by the
+        retention policy.
+        """
+        from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            q = s.query(DbBackup)
+            if status is not None:
+                q = q.filter(DbBackup.status == status)
+            rows = q.order_by(DbBackup.id.desc()).limit(limit).all()
+            return [self._row_to_record(r) for r in rows]
+
+    def verify(self, backup_id: int) -> VerifyResult:
+        """Decrypt + checksum-verify a backup against its sidecar.
+
+        Does NOT trust the sidecar's ``db_fingerprint`` field alone;
+        recomputes the SHA-256 from the decrypted blob and compares.
+        """
+        from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            row = s.get(DbBackup, backup_id)
+            if row is None:
+                raise BackupError(f"backup {backup_id} not found")
+            record = self._row_to_record(row)
+            sidecar = self._read_sidecar(record.filename)
+            if sidecar is None:
+                return VerifyResult(
+                    backup_id=record.id, filename=record.filename,
+                    ok=False, expected_fingerprint="", actual_fingerprint="",
+                    table_count=0, reason="sidecar missing",
+                )
+
+        try:
+            blob = (self._backup_dir / record.filename).read_bytes()
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return VerifyResult(
+                backup_id=record.id, filename=record.filename,
+                ok=False,
+                expected_fingerprint=sidecar.db_fingerprint,
+                actual_fingerprint="",
+                table_count=sidecar.table_count,
+                reason="backup file missing",
+            )
+
+        try:
+            plaintext = backup_mod.decrypt(blob, self._ensure_key())
+        except backup_mod.BackupDecryptError as exc:
+            return VerifyResult(
+                backup_id=record.id, filename=record.filename,
+                ok=False,
+                expected_fingerprint=sidecar.db_fingerprint,
+                actual_fingerprint="",
+                table_count=sidecar.table_count,
+                reason=str(exc),
+            )
+
+        actual_fp = backup_mod.fingerprint(plaintext)
+        return VerifyResult(
+            backup_id=record.id,
+            filename=record.filename,
+            ok=(actual_fp == sidecar.db_fingerprint),
+            expected_fingerprint=sidecar.db_fingerprint,
+            actual_fingerprint=actual_fp,
+            table_count=sidecar.table_count,
+            reason=None if actual_fp == sidecar.db_fingerprint else "fingerprint mismatch",
+        )
+
+    def restore_initiate(self, backup_id: int) -> RestoreInitiateResult:
+        """First half of the two-step restore.
+
+        Decrypts the backup into a temp file and reads its current
+        ``db_fingerprint`` + ``table_count``. Returns a one-shot
+        ``restore_token`` the operator must echo back to
+        :meth:`restore_confirm` within 5 minutes.
+        """
+        from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            row = s.get(DbBackup, backup_id)
+            if row is None:
+                raise BackupError(f"backup {backup_id} not found")
+            if row.status != STATUS_OK:
+                raise BackupError(
+                    f"backup {backup_id} status is {row.status!r}; only 'ok' backups can be restored",
+                )
+            record = self._row_to_record(row)
+
+        # Decrypt into a staging file so the confirm step is fast.
+        staging = self._backup_dir / f".restore-{record.filename}.staging.db"
+        try:
+            blob = (self._backup_dir / record.filename).read_bytes()
+        except FileNotFoundError as exc:
+            raise BackupError(f"backup file missing: {record.filename}") from exc
+        try:
+            plaintext = backup_mod.decrypt(blob, self._ensure_key())
+        except backup_mod.BackupDecryptError as exc:
+            raise BackupError(f"decrypt failed: {exc}") from exc
+        staging.write_bytes(plaintext)
+
+        # Snapshot the live DB's fingerprint for the operator's "are
+        # you sure you want to do this?" preview.
+        live_fp, live_count = self._live_fingerprint_and_count()
+
+        token = _secrets.token_hex(32)
+        expires_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(
+            seconds=RESTORE_TOKEN_TTL_SECONDS,
+        )
+        with self._lock:
+            self._pending_restores[token] = (record.id, expires_at)
+
+        log.info(
+            "Restore initiated",
+            extra={
+                "backup_id": record.id,
+                "token_prefix": token[:8],
+                "expires_at": expires_at.isoformat(),
+            },
+        )
+        return RestoreInitiateResult(
+            backup_id=record.id,
+            filename=record.filename,
+            restore_token=token,
+            expires_at=expires_at,
+            db_fingerprint=backup_mod.fingerprint(plaintext),
+            table_count=self._count_tables_in_blob(plaintext),
+            current_db_fingerprint=live_fp,
+            current_table_count=live_count,
+            size_bytes=len(plaintext),
+        )
+
+    def restore_confirm(
+        self,
+        backup_id: int,
+        restore_token: str,
+        *,
+        actor: str = "operator",
+    ) -> RestoreConfirmResult:
+        """Second half of the two-step restore.
+
+        Validates the token, copies the decrypted staging file over
+        the live DB path, disposes + reopens the engine. Raises
+        ``BackupError`` on any mismatch.
+        """
+        now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        with self._lock:
+            entry = self._pending_restores.pop(restore_token, None)
+        if entry is None:
+            raise BackupError("restore_token not found (already consumed or never issued)")
+        token_backup_id, expires_at = entry
+        if token_backup_id != backup_id:
+            raise BackupError(
+                f"restore_token was for backup {token_backup_id}, not {backup_id}",
+            )
+        if now > expires_at:
+            raise BackupError(
+                f"restore_token expired at {expires_at.isoformat()}; re-run initiate",
+            )
+
+        from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            row = s.get(DbBackup, backup_id)
+            if row is None:
+                raise BackupError(f"backup {backup_id} disappeared mid-restore")
+            record = self._row_to_record(row)
+
+        staging = self._backup_dir / f".restore-{record.filename}.staging.db"
+        if not staging.exists():
+            raise BackupError(
+                f"staging restore file missing: {staging.name}; re-run initiate",
+            )
+
+        target_db_path = self._live_db_path()
+        if target_db_path is None:
+            raise BackupError(
+                "cannot determine live DB file path (non-sqlite URL?)",
+            )
+
+        # Pre-restore fingerprint for the audit event.
+        restored_from_fp = backup_mod.fingerprint(staging.read_bytes())
+
+        # The swap: dispose engine → copy file → reinit engine.
+        # Anything between dispose and reinit raises (queries that
+        # are in-flight get a "database is locked" or
+        # "no such table" error); we accept that because the
+        # operator already confirmed.
+        db.dispose_engine()
+        try:
+            # Atomic copy via temp + rename so a crash mid-copy
+            # doesn't leave a half-written DB file.
+            tmp_target = target_db_path.with_suffix(
+                target_db_path.suffix + f".restoring-{_secrets.token_hex(4)}",
+            )
+            shutil.copyfile(staging, tmp_target)
+            os.replace(tmp_target, target_db_path)
+        finally:
+            staging.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+        db.reinit_engine()
+
+        # Post-restore fingerprint from the now-live engine.
+        new_fp, _ = self._live_fingerprint_and_count()
+
+        log.warning(
+            "Restore complete: backup_id=%d actor=%s from=%s to=%s",
+            backup_id, actor, restored_from_fp, new_fp,
+        )
+        return RestoreConfirmResult(
+            backup_id=record.id,
+            filename=record.filename,
+            restored_from_fingerprint=restored_from_fp,
+            restored_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+            new_db_fingerprint=new_fp,
+        )
+
+    def prune(self, *, now: Optional[datetime] = None) -> list[str]:
+        """Delete backups older than ``retention_days``. Returns deleted paths.
+
+        Marks the ``db_backups`` rows ``pruned`` so the operator can
+        still see what was deleted (and when).
+        """
+        from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+
+        cutoff = (now or datetime.now(timezone.utc)) - timedelta(
+            days=self._retention_days,
+        )
+        deleted: list[str] = []
+
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            q = s.query(DbBackup).filter(
+                DbBackup.status == STATUS_OK,
+                DbBackup.created_at < cutoff,
+            )
+            for row in q.all():
+                # Delete the file pair; ignore if already gone.
+                bin_path = Path(row.backup_dir) / row.filename
+                meta_path = Path(row.backup_dir) / backup_mod.sidecar_filename(row.filename)
+                for p in (bin_path, meta_path):
+                    try:
+                        if p.exists():
+                            p.unlink()
+                            deleted.append(str(p))
+                    except OSError as exc:
+                        log.warning("Failed to delete %s: %s", p, exc)
+                row.status = STATUS_PRUNED
+                s.add(row)
+            s.commit()
+
+        log.info(
+            "Pruned old backups",
+            extra={
+                "deleted_count": len(deleted),
+                "cutoff": cutoff.isoformat(),
+            },
+        )
+        return deleted
+
+    def status(self) -> dict:
+        """Snapshot of the backup subsystem for ``GET /api/admin/backup/status``."""
+        from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+        from sqlalchemy import func
+
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            total = s.query(func.count(DbBackup.id)).scalar() or 0
+            ok_count = s.query(func.count(DbBackup.id)).filter(
+                DbBackup.status == STATUS_OK,
+            ).scalar() or 0
+            error_count = s.query(func.count(DbBackup.id)).filter(
+                DbBackup.status == STATUS_ERROR,
+            ).scalar() or 0
+            pruned_count = s.query(func.count(DbBackup.id)).filter(
+                DbBackup.status == STATUS_PRUNED,
+            ).scalar() or 0
+            last_row = (
+                s.query(DbBackup)
+                .filter(DbBackup.status.in_([STATUS_OK, STATUS_ERROR]))
+                .order_by(DbBackup.id.desc())
+                .first()
+            )
+            last_ok_row = (
+                s.query(DbBackup)
+                .filter(DbBackup.status == STATUS_OK)
+                .order_by(DbBackup.id.desc())
+                .first()
+            )
+            disk_bytes = 0
+            try:
+                for p in self._backup_dir.iterdir():
+                    if p.is_file() and p.suffix == ".bin":
+                        disk_bytes += p.stat().st_size
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+        return {
+            "backup_dir": str(self._backup_dir),
+            "retention_days": self._retention_days,
+            "totals": {
+                "all": total,
+                "ok": ok_count,
+                "error": error_count,
+                "pruned": pruned_count,
+            },
+            "disk_bytes": disk_bytes,
+            "last_backup_at": (
+                last_row.created_at.isoformat() if last_row and last_row.created_at else None
+            ),
+            "last_backup_status": last_row.status if last_row else None,
+            "last_ok_backup_at": (
+                last_ok_row.created_at.isoformat()
+                if last_ok_row and last_ok_row.created_at else None
+            ),
+            "used_fallback_key": self._used_fallback,
+        }
+
+    # ---- Internals --------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def _ensure_key(self) -> bytes:
+        """Derive (or return cached) AES key. Triggers fallback + WARNING log
+        if no passphrase was provided at construction time.
+
+        If a passphrase is set but no salt was passed at construction,
+        look one up from the Keychain (``backup.salt`` account). On
+        a fresh install, generate + persist a salt on first use so
+        subsequent invocations derive the same key.
+        """
+        if self._key is not None:
+            return self._key
+        if self._passphrase:
+            salt = self._salt
+            if salt is None:
+                # Try the Keychain.
+                stored = secrets_mod.get_secret(KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT)
+                if stored:
+                    salt = bytes.fromhex(stored.strip())
+                else:
+                    # First run: generate + persist.
+                    salt = os.urandom(backup_mod.SALT_LEN)
+                    secrets_mod.set_secret(
+                        KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT,
+                        salt.hex(),
+                    )
+                    log.info(
+                        "Generated + persisted backup salt to Keychain "
+                        "(account %r)",
+                        KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT,
+                    )
+            self._key = backup_mod.derive_key(self._passphrase, salt)
+            return self._key
+
+        # Fallback: derive from SQLCipher DB key. This is degraded
+        # security (the SQLCipher key is meant to unlock the DB, not
+        # the backup), but it's strictly better than plaintext.
+        from cyclone import db_crypto
+        db_key = db_crypto.get_db_key() if db_crypto.is_encryption_enabled() else None
+        if not db_key:
+            # No passphrase AND no SQLCipher key — refuse.
+            raise BackupError(
+                "no backup passphrase set and SQLCipher is not enabled; "
+                "either set a backup passphrase in the Keychain or "
+                "enable SQLCipher encryption",
+            )
+        log.warning(
+            "Backup using fallback key derived from SQLCipher DB key "
+            "(no separate backup passphrase set); set one via "
+            "`cyclone backup init-passphrase` for stronger isolation",
+            extra={"key_source": "sqlcipher_fallback"},
+        )
+        self._used_fallback = True
+        self._key = backup_mod.derive_key(db_key, backup_mod.FALLBACK_SALT)
+        return self._key
+
+    def _sqlite_backup_to(self, target_path: Path) -> None:
+        """Run SQLite's online ``.backup()`` against the live engine.
+
+        Works for both plain SQLite and SQLCipher because sqlcipher3
+        is API-compatible with sqlite3. The ``.backup()`` API takes
+        a *target* connection; we make a fresh sqlite3 connection to
+        the target file (which doesn't exist yet) and copy into it.
+        """
+        url = self._db_url or db._resolve_url()
+        if not url.startswith("sqlite"):
+            raise BackupError(
+                f"only sqlite URLs are supported for online backup; got {url!r}",
+            )
+        # Drive the backup off the live engine so we capture the
+        # current state of all tables atomically (SQLite's .backup
+        # holds a read lock on the source for the duration).
+        engine = db.engine()  # raises RuntimeError if init_db() wasn't called
+        with engine.raw_connection() as raw:
+            src_conn = raw.driver_connection  # sqlite3.Connection / sqlcipher3.Connection
+            if target_path.exists():
+                target_path.unlink()
+            dst_conn = sqlite3.connect(str(target_path))
+            try:
+                src_conn.backup(dst_conn)
+            finally:
+                dst_conn.close()
+
+    def _count_tables_in_blob(self, plaintext: bytes) -> int:
+        """Open the decrypted DB in-memory and count user tables."""
+        tmp = self._backup_dir / f".count-tables-{_secrets.token_hex(4)}.db"
+        try:
+            tmp.write_bytes(plaintext)
+            conn = sqlite3.connect(str(tmp))
+            try:
+                rows = conn.execute(
+                    "SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master "
+                    "WHERE type='table' AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%'",
+                ).fetchone()
+                return int(rows[0])
+            finally:
+                conn.close()
+        finally:
+            tmp.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
+    def _live_fingerprint_and_count(self) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Fingerprint + table count of the *current* live DB."""
+        try:
+            engine = db.engine()
+        except RuntimeError:
+            return "", 0
+        # Use a temp-file .backup so we don't have to worry about
+        # online-vs-offline semantics.
+        tmp = self._backup_dir / f".live-fp-{_secrets.token_hex(4)}.db"
+        try:
+            with engine.raw_connection() as raw:
+                conn = raw.driver_connection
+                if tmp.exists():
+                    tmp.unlink()
+                dst = sqlite3.connect(str(tmp))
+                try:
+                    conn.backup(dst)
+                finally:
+                    dst.close()
+            data = tmp.read_bytes()
+            return backup_mod.fingerprint(data), self._count_tables_in_blob(data)
+        finally:
+            tmp.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
+    def _live_db_path(self) -> Optional[Path]:
+        """Resolve the filesystem path of the live DB, or None for non-sqlite."""
+        url = self._db_url or db._resolve_url()
+        if not url.startswith("sqlite"):
+            return None
+        # Strip the driver prefix: sqlite:///abs or sqlite:///./rel
+        prefix = "sqlite:///"
+        if url.startswith(prefix):
+            return Path(url[len(prefix):])
+        if url.startswith("sqlite://"):
+            # sqlite://./relative/path  -> Path("./relative/path")
+            return Path(url[len("sqlite://"):])
+        return None
+
+    def _read_sidecar(self, filename: str) -> Optional[backup_mod.Sidecar]:
+        p = self._backup_dir / backup_mod.sidecar_filename(filename)
+        if not p.exists():
+            return None
+        try:
+            return backup_mod.Sidecar.from_json(p.read_text())
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError, ValueError) as exc:
+            log.warning("Sidecar %s is malformed: %s", p, exc)
+            return None
+
+    def _row_to_record(self, row) -> BackupRecord:
+        """ORM row → BackupRecord. Reads key_fingerprint from the sidecar if present."""
+        sidecar = self._read_sidecar(row.filename)
+        return BackupRecord(
+            id=row.id,
+            filename=row.filename,
+            backup_dir=row.backup_dir,
+            size_bytes=row.size_bytes or 0,
+            db_fingerprint=row.db_fingerprint or "",
+            table_count=row.table_count or 0,
+            created_at=row.created_at,
+            completed_at=row.completed_at,
+            status=row.status,
+            error_message=row.error_message,
+            key_fingerprint=sidecar.key_fingerprint if sidecar else "",
+        )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Module-level singleton
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+_service: Optional[BackupService] = None
+
+
+def configure_backup_service(
+    backup_dir: Union[str, Path],
+    *,
+    passphrase: Optional[str] = None,
+    salt: Optional[bytes] = None,
+    retention_days: int = 30,
+    db_url: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> BackupService:
+    """Create (or replace) the module-level BackupService singleton."""
+    global _service
+    if _service is not None:
+        return _service
+    _service = BackupService(
+        backup_dir=backup_dir,
+        passphrase=passphrase,
+        salt=salt,
+        retention_days=retention_days,
+        db_url=db_url,
+    )
+    return _service
+
+
+def get_backup_service() -> BackupService:
+    """Return the configured BackupService. Raises RuntimeError if not set up."""
+    if _service is None:
+        raise RuntimeError("backup service not configured; call configure_backup_service() first")
+    return _service
+
+
+def reset_backup_service_for_tests() -> None:
+    """Clear the module-level singleton. Test-only."""
+    global _service
+    _service = None

backend/src/cyclone/clearhouse/__init__.py

@@ -93,13 +93,24 @@ class SftpClient:
         return self._list_inbound_paramiko()
 
     def read_file(self, remote_path: str) -> bytes:
-        """Read bytes from a remote path. Stub raises in stub mode."""
+        """Read bytes from a remote path.
+
+        Stub mode: reads from ``{staging_dir}/{remote_path}``. Used by
+        the SP16 scheduler so it can exercise the same code path on a
+        workstation without a real MFT connection.
+        """
         if self._stub:
-            raise RuntimeError(
-                "Stub SFTP cannot read remote files. Use the local staging dir."
-            )
+            return self._read_file_stub(remote_path)
         return self._read_file_paramiko(remote_path)
 
+    def _read_file_stub(self, remote_path: str) -> bytes:
+        """Read bytes from ``{staging_dir}/{remote_path}`` (SP16 stub)."""
+        staging = Path(self._block.staging_dir).resolve()
+        target = staging / remote_path.lstrip("/")
+        if not target.is_file():
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"inbound stub file not found: {target}")
+        return target.read_bytes()
+
     def get_secret(self, name: str) -> Optional[str]:
         """Fetch the auth secret from Keychain. Returns the stub secret if absent."""
         value = secrets.get_secret(name)

backend/src/cyclone/cli.py

@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
+import os
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import click
 
+from cyclone.logging_config import setup_logging
 from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError, CycloneValidationError
 from cyclone.parsers.payer import PayerConfig, PayerConfig835
 from cyclone.parsers.parse_837 import parse as parse_837_text
@@ -41,8 +43,35 @@ def _payer_835(name: str) -> PayerConfig835:
 
 
 @click.group()
-def main() -> None:
+@click.option(
+    "--log-format",
+    default=None,
+    type=click.Choice(["json", "dev"]),
+    help="Log format (default: json; honors CYCLONE_LOG_JSON).",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--log-file",
+    default=None,
+    type=click.Path(dir_okay=False, path_type=Path),
+    help="Optional rotating log file (honors CYCLONE_LOG_FILE).",
+)
+@click.pass_context
+def main(ctx: click.Context, log_format: str | None, log_file: Path | None) -> None:
     """Cyclone EDI suite — X12 parser."""
+    # SP18: structured JSON logging. Run once per CLI invocation; each
+    # subcommand still gets its own --log-level to override.
+    json_format = True
+    if log_format == "dev":
+        json_format = False
+    elif os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_JSON", "").lower() in ("false", "0", "no"):
+        json_format = False
+    setup_logging(
+        level=os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL", "INFO"),
+        log_file=str(log_file) if log_file else None,
+        json_format=json_format,
+    )
+    # Stash on context so subcommands can read it.
+    ctx.ensure_object(dict)
 
 
 @main.command("parse-837")
@@ -63,7 +92,9 @@ def parse_837(
     log_level: str,
 ) -> None:
     """Parse an X12 837P file into one JSON per claim."""
-    logging.basicConfig(level=getattr(logging, log_level))
+    # SP18: re-run setup so per-command --log-level overrides the
+    # group default. ``setup_logging`` is idempotent.
+    setup_logging(level=log_level)
 
     text = input_file.read_text()
     config = _payer(payer)
@@ -133,7 +164,9 @@ def parse_835(
     log_level: str,
 ) -> None:
     """Parse an X12 835 ERA file into one JSON per claim payment."""
-    logging.basicConfig(level=getattr(logging, log_level))
+    # SP18: re-run setup so per-command --log-level overrides the
+    # group default. ``setup_logging`` is idempotent.
+    setup_logging(level=log_level)
 
     text = input_file.read_text()
     config = _payer_835(payer)
@@ -195,5 +228,332 @@ def _count_issues(report) -> dict[str, int]:
     return counts
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP20: `cyclone validate-npi` + `cyclone validate-tax-id`
+#
+# Pure local validators. No DB, no Keychain, no network — operators can
+# run them on a developer laptop without standing up the full Cyclone
+# stack. Exit code is 0 (valid) or 1 (invalid) so they compose with
+# shell scripting / CI gates.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@main.command("validate-npi")
+@click.argument("npi")
+@click.option("--log-level", default="WARNING", show_default=True, type=click.Choice(["DEBUG", "INFO", "WARNING", "ERROR"]))
+def validate_npi_cmd(npi: str, log_level: str) -> None:
+    """Validate a 10-digit NPI's Luhn checksum locally (SP20).
+
+    Exit 0 if valid, 1 if not. No logging of the value itself — NPIs
+    are PHI under HIPAA, so the operator's CLI history is the only
+    audit trail.
+    """
+    # SP18: re-run so --log-level overrides the group default.
+    setup_logging(level=log_level)
+    from cyclone.npi import is_valid_npi
+    if is_valid_npi(npi):
+        click.echo(f"OK: {len(npi)}-digit NPI passes Luhn checksum")
+        return
+    click.echo(f"INVALID: {npi!r} fails NPI Luhn checksum", err=True)
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
+@main.command("validate-tax-id")
+@click.argument("tax_id")
+@click.option("--log-level", default="WARNING", show_default=True, type=click.Choice(["DEBUG", "INFO", "WARNING", "ERROR"]))
+def validate_tax_id_cmd(tax_id: str, log_level: str) -> None:
+    """Validate a 9-digit EIN's format + prefix locally (SP20).
+
+    Accepts both ``XX-XXXXXXX`` and ``XXXXXXXXX``. Exit 0 if valid,
+    1 if not. EIN is sensitive (PII), so we don't echo the value back
+    on failure — only the validation verdict.
+    """
+    # SP18: re-run so --log-level overrides the group default.
+    setup_logging(level=log_level)
+    from cyclone.npi import is_valid_tax_id, normalize_tax_id
+    plain = normalize_tax_id(tax_id)
+    if plain is None:
+        click.echo("INVALID: input is not a 9-digit EIN (XX-XXXXXXX or XXXXXXXXX)", err=True)
+        sys.exit(1)
+    if is_valid_tax_id(tax_id):
+        click.echo(f"OK: 9-digit EIN (normalized={plain})")
+        return
+    click.echo(
+        f"INVALID: 9-digit EIN has reserved prefix ({plain[:2]}); EIN is not assignable by IRS",
+        err=True,
+    )
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP17: `cyclone backup` subcommands
+#
+# Operator-facing backup management. Mirrors the API surface but runs
+# standalone (no FastAPI app needed) for cron / scripting / DR drills.
+# Each subcommand initializes the DB + BackupService; if the
+# service isn't configured (no Keychain passphrase etc.) the operator
+# gets a clear error.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@main.group()
+def backup() -> None:
+    """Encrypted DB backup management (SP17)."""
+
+
+@backup.command("init-passphrase")
+@click.option("--passphrase", required=True, help="The passphrase to set (will prompt if omitted)")
+@click.option("--from-stdin", is_flag=True, help="Read passphrase from stdin instead of the argument")
+def backup_init_passphrase(passphrase: str, from_stdin: bool) -> None:
+    """Set the backup encryption passphrase in the macOS Keychain.
+
+    Generates a fresh salt and stores both the passphrase (account
+    ``backup.passphrase``) and the salt (account ``backup.salt``)
+    under service ``cyclone``. Cyclone's BackupService reads them
+    at startup. If the passphrase account is missing, the service
+    falls back to deriving a key from the SQLCipher DB key
+    (degraded posture, logged at WARNING).
+    """
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+    from getpass import getpass
+    import os as _os
+
+    if from_stdin:
+        pp = getpass("Backup passphrase: ").strip()
+        pp2 = getpass("Confirm: ").strip()
+        if not pp or pp != pp2:
+            click.echo("passphrase empty or mismatch", err=True)
+            sys.exit(2)
+    else:
+        pp = passphrase
+
+    if not pp or len(pp) < 12:
+        click.echo("passphrase must be at least 12 characters", err=True)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    if not secrets_mod.set_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT, pp):
+        click.echo("failed to store passphrase in Keychain", err=True)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Generate + persist a fresh salt. Same value must be used by
+    # every subsequent invocation that uses this passphrase.
+    salt = _os.urandom(16)
+    if not secrets_mod.set_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT, salt.hex()):
+        click.echo(
+            "WARN: passphrase stored but salt write failed; backups may be unrecoverable",
+            err=True,
+        )
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    click.echo(
+        f"passphrase stored in Keychain account {svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT!r}\n"
+        f"salt stored in Keychain account {svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT!r}"
+    )
+
+
+def _resolve_backup_dir(cli_override: str | None) -> "Path":
+    """Resolve the backup directory: --backup-dir > $CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR > default."""
+    import os as _os
+    from pathlib import Path as _Path
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    if cli_override:
+        return _Path(cli_override)
+    env = _os.environ.get("CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR")
+    if env:
+        return _Path(env)
+    return _Path(db_mod.DEFAULT_DB_PATH.parent / "backups")
+
+
+@backup.command("create")
+@click.option("--backup-dir", default=None, help="Override CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR (default: ~/.local/share/cyclone/backups)")
+@click.option("--retention-days", default=None, type=int, help="Override CYCLONE_BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS for this run's prune")
+def backup_create(backup_dir: str | None, retention_days: int | None) -> None:
+    """Take an encrypted backup right now."""
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+
+    passphrase = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT)
+    salt_hex = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT)
+    salt = bytes.fromhex(salt_hex) if salt_hex else None
+    target_dir = _resolve_backup_dir(backup_dir)
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    svc = svc_mod.configure_backup_service(
+        backup_dir=target_dir,
+        passphrase=passphrase,
+        salt=salt,
+        retention_days=retention_days or 30,
+    )
+    result = svc.create_now()
+    click.echo(
+        f"created backup id={result.backup.id} filename={result.backup.filename} "
+        f"size={result.backup.size_bytes}B fp={result.backup.db_fingerprint[:24]}..."
+    )
+
+
+@backup.command("list")
+@click.option("--limit", default=50, show_default=True)
+@click.option("--status", default=None, help="Filter: ok|error|pending|pruned")
+def backup_list(limit: int, status: str | None) -> None:
+    """List existing backups (newest first)."""
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+    passphrase = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT)
+    salt_hex = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT)
+    salt = bytes.fromhex(salt_hex) if salt_hex else None
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    svc = svc_mod.configure_backup_service(
+        backup_dir=_resolve_backup_dir(None),
+        passphrase=passphrase,
+        salt=salt,
+    )
+    rows = svc.list_backups(limit=limit, status=status)
+    if not rows:
+        click.echo("(no backups)")
+        return
+    for r in rows:
+        click.echo(
+            f"{r.id:4d}  {r.status:7s}  {r.created_at.isoformat() if r.created_at else '-'}  "
+            f"{r.size_bytes:>10d}B  {r.filename}  fp={r.db_fingerprint[:24] or '-':<24}"
+        )
+
+
+@backup.command("verify")
+@click.argument("backup_id", type=int)
+def backup_verify(backup_id: int) -> None:
+    """Decrypt + checksum-verify a backup."""
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+    passphrase = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT)
+    salt_hex = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT)
+    salt = bytes.fromhex(salt_hex) if salt_hex else None
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    svc = svc_mod.configure_backup_service(
+        backup_dir=_resolve_backup_dir(None),
+        passphrase=passphrase,
+        salt=salt,
+    )
+    v = svc.verify(backup_id)
+    if v.ok:
+        click.echo(f"OK: id={v.backup_id} fp={v.actual_fingerprint[:24]}... table_count={v.table_count}")
+        return
+    click.echo(
+        f"FAIL: id={v.backup_id} reason={v.reason} "
+        f"expected={v.expected_fingerprint[:24] if v.expected_fingerprint else '-'}... "
+        f"actual={v.actual_fingerprint[:24] if v.actual_fingerprint else '-'}...",
+        err=True,
+    )
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
+@backup.command("restore")
+@click.argument("backup_id", type=int)
+@click.option("--yes", is_flag=True, help="Skip the interactive confirm prompt")
+@click.option("--actor", default="operator-cli", show_default=True)
+def backup_restore(backup_id: int, yes: bool, actor: str) -> None:
+    """Restore the live DB from a backup (two-step, requires --yes)."""
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+    passphrase = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT)
+    salt_hex = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT)
+    salt = bytes.fromhex(salt_hex) if salt_hex else None
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    svc = svc_mod.configure_backup_service(
+        backup_dir=_resolve_backup_dir(None),
+        passphrase=passphrase,
+        salt=salt,
+    )
+
+    click.echo(f"Initiating restore from backup {backup_id}...")
+    init = svc.restore_initiate(backup_id)
+    click.echo(
+        f"  backup:    {init.filename} ({init.size_bytes} bytes)\n"
+        f"  fp:        {init.db_fingerprint[:24]}...\n"
+        f"  tables:    {init.table_count}\n"
+        f"  current:   fp={init.current_db_fingerprint[:24] if init.current_db_fingerprint else '-'}... "
+        f"tables={init.current_table_count}\n"
+        f"  token ttl: {(init.expires_at - __import__('datetime').datetime.now(__import__('datetime').timezone.utc)).total_seconds():.0f}s"
+    )
+
+    if not yes:
+        click.confirm(
+            "Replace the live DB with this backup? "
+            "This will dispose the engine and rebuild it.",
+            abort=True,
+        )
+
+    click.echo("Confirming restore...")
+    result = svc.restore_confirm(backup_id, init.restore_token, actor=actor)
+    click.echo(
+        f"OK: restored from fp={result.restored_from_fingerprint[:24]}... "
+        f"to fp={result.new_db_fingerprint[:24]}... at {result.restored_at.isoformat()}"
+    )
+
+
+@backup.command("prune")
+@click.option("--retention-days", default=None, type=int)
+@click.option("--yes", is_flag=True, help="Skip the confirm prompt")
+def backup_prune(retention_days: int | None, yes: bool) -> None:
+    """Apply the retention policy (delete old backups)."""
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+    passphrase = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT)
+    salt_hex = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT)
+    salt = bytes.fromhex(salt_hex) if salt_hex else None
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    svc = svc_mod.configure_backup_service(
+        backup_dir=_resolve_backup_dir(None),
+        passphrase=passphrase,
+        salt=salt,
+        retention_days=retention_days or 30,
+    )
+    if not yes:
+        click.confirm(
+            f"Delete all backups older than {svc._retention_days} days?",
+            abort=True,
+        )
+    deleted = svc.prune()
+    click.echo(f"Deleted {len(deleted)} file(s):")
+    for p in deleted:
+        click.echo(f"  {p}")
+
+
+@backup.command("status")
+def backup_status() -> None:
+    """Print the backup subsystem status snapshot."""
+    from cyclone import db as db_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+
+    db_mod.init_db()
+    passphrase = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT)
+    salt_hex = secrets_mod.get_secret(svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT)
+    salt = bytes.fromhex(salt_hex) if salt_hex else None
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    svc = svc_mod.configure_backup_service(
+        backup_dir=_resolve_backup_dir(None),
+        passphrase=passphrase,
+        salt=salt,
+    )
+    snap = svc.status()
+    import json
+    click.echo(json.dumps(snap, indent=2, default=str))

backend/src/cyclone/db.py

@@ -676,6 +676,89 @@ class AuditLog(Base):
     )
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP16: inbound MFT scheduler
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class ProcessedInboundFile(Base):
+    """One row per inbound MFT file the scheduler has downloaded.
+
+    SP16. Lets the scheduler be idempotent: a re-tick or restart must
+    not re-parse the same inbound file. The unique index on
+    (sftp_block_name, name) prevents duplicate inserts and lets the
+    scheduler fast-skip already-processed files via a SELECT.
+
+    Status values:
+        * ok       - parsed cleanly, results persisted to the store
+        * error    - parser raised; error_message captured
+        * skipped  - file_type not in the scheduler's allowed set
+        * pending  - file was downloaded but a downstream step failed;
+                     the scheduler retries on the next tick
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "processed_inbound_files"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
+    sftp_block_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=False)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(256), nullable=False)
+    size: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+    modified_at: Mapped[Optional[datetime]] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    file_type: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=True)
+    processed_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False)
+    parser_used: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True)
+    claim_count: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=0)
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False)
+    error_message: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index(
+            "ux_processed_inbound_files_block_name",
+            "sftp_block_name", "name", unique=True,
+        ),
+        Index("ix_processed_inbound_files_processed_at", "processed_at"),
+        Index("ix_processed_inbound_files_status", "status"),
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SP17: encrypted backup metadata
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class DbBackup(Base):
+    """One row per encrypted backup the BackupService has taken.
+
+    The actual encrypted blob lives in a directory outside the DB
+    (``~/.local/share/cyclone/backups/`` by default); this table is
+    the index. Status values: ``pending``, ``ok``, ``error``,
+    ``pruned``.
+
+    SP17. The unique index on ``(backup_dir, filename)`` makes a
+    duplicate ``create_now()`` race fail cleanly with an
+    IntegrityError instead of clobbering an existing backup.
+    """
+
+    __tablename__ = "db_backups"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
+    filename: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=False)
+    backup_dir: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=False)
+    size_bytes: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=0)
+    db_fingerprint: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(80), nullable=True)
+    table_count: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=0)
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False)
+    completed_at: Mapped[Optional[datetime]] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(16), nullable=False)
+    error_message: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ux_db_backups_filename", "backup_dir", "filename", unique=True),
+        Index("ix_db_backups_created_at", "created_at"),
+        Index("ix_db_backups_status", "status"),
+    )
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # SP9: providers, payers, payer_configs, clearhouse
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

backend/src/cyclone/logging_config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+"""SP18 — Structured JSON logging.
+
+Wraps Python's stdlib ``logging`` to emit newline-delimited JSON
+(or a dev-friendly tabular format) and to scrub obvious PHI
+patterns (NPIs, SSNs, DOBs, patient names) from the message +
+extra fields.
+
+Design choices
+--------------
+
+* **No third-party deps.** stdlib ``logging`` + ``json`` + ``re``
+  is enough. ``loguru`` / ``structlog`` were considered; both add
+  a dependency for marginal gain.
+
+* **JSON by default.** Operators running Cyclone in production
+  almost certainly want logs in a format their aggregator
+  (Loki/ELK/Vector) can parse. The dev format (``CycloneDevFormatter``)
+  is the opt-out for ``tail -f`` in dev.
+
+* **Conservative PII scrubber.** Redacts unambiguous PHI patterns
+  only. False positives are not free — an operator's diagnostic
+  dump that says ``<redacted:npi>`` instead of the actual NPI
+  makes root-causing a parse failure harder. The scrubber can be
+  disabled with ``CYCLONE_LOG_NO_PII_SCRUB=1`` for tests /
+  forensic mode.
+
+* **Idempotent setup.** :func:`setup_logging` can be called
+  multiple times (CLI re-invocation, FastAPI lifespan re-entry
+  under TestClient). Each call clears existing handlers on the
+  root logger before attaching fresh ones — so the format toggle
+  actually takes effect on the second call.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Formatters
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# Stdlib LogRecord attributes we don't want to dump into the
+# structured payload (they're noise for log consumers).
+_RESERVED_LOGRECORD_ATTRS = frozenset({
+    "args", "asctime", "created", "exc_info", "exc_text", "filename",
+    "funcName", "levelname", "levelno", "lineno", "module", "msecs",
+    "message", "msg", "name", "pathname", "process", "processName",
+    "relativeCreated", "stack_info", "thread", "threadName",
+    "taskName",
+})
+
+
+class JsonFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+    """Format a LogRecord as a single JSON line.
+
+    Fields:
+        ts      — ISO 8601 UTC timestamp with milliseconds.
+        level   — uppercase level name (INFO, WARNING, etc.).
+        logger  — the logger name (e.g. "cyclone.scheduler").
+        msg     — the formatted log message (after %-substitution).
+        extra   — dict of any non-reserved LogRecord attributes.
+
+    If ``exc_info`` is set, the formatter appends a ``traceback``
+    field with the formatted exception text (NOT a serialized
+    object — just the stdlib-rendered string).
+    """
+
+    def format(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> str:
+        ts = datetime.fromtimestamp(record.created, tz=timezone.utc).isoformat(
+            timespec="milliseconds",
+        )
+        payload: dict[str, Any] = {
+            "ts": ts,
+            "level": record.levelname,
+            "logger": record.name,
+            "msg": record.getMessage(),
+        }
+        # Collect user-provided extras.
+        extras = {
+            k: v
+            for k, v in record.__dict__.items()
+            if k not in _RESERVED_LOGRECORD_ATTRS and not k.startswith("_")
+        }
+        if extras:
+            payload["extra"] = extras
+        if record.exc_info:
+            payload["traceback"] = self.formatException(record.exc_info)
+        if record.stack_info:
+            payload["stack"] = self.formatStack(record.stack_info)
+        return json.dumps(payload, default=str, sort_keys=True)
+
+
+class CycloneDevFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+    """Dev-friendly tabular format.
+
+    Example:
+        2026-06-21T15:30:00.123Z INFO  cyclone.scheduler Processed inbound foo.x12 parser=parse_999 claims=3
+
+    Same fields as ``JsonFormatter`` but human-readable. Useful for
+    ``tail -f cyclone.log`` in dev.
+    """
+
+    def format(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> str:
+        ts = datetime.fromtimestamp(record.created, tz=timezone.utc).isoformat(
+            timespec="milliseconds",
+        )
+        extras = {
+            k: v
+            for k, v in record.__dict__.items()
+            if k not in _RESERVED_LOGRECORD_ATTRS and not k.startswith("_")
+        }
+        extra_str = ""
+        if extras:
+            pairs = " ".join(f"{k}={v!r}" for k, v in extras.items())
+            extra_str = " " + pairs
+        base = f"{ts} {record.levelname:<7s} {record.name} {record.getMessage()}{extra_str}"
+        if record.exc_info:
+            base += "\n" + self.formatException(record.exc_info)
+        return base
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# PII scrubber
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# Conservative PHI patterns. Each pattern is (label, compiled regex,
+# replacement). Some patterns use a backreference so the field name
+# (e.g. "dob=") is preserved and only the value is redacted — that
+# keeps the surrounding context readable in the log line.
+_PII_PATTERNS: tuple[tuple[str, "re.Pattern[str]", str], ...] = (
+    # 10-digit NPI. Word-boundary anchored so we don't redact, e.g.,
+    # the "10" in "10 claims processed".
+    ("npi", re.compile(r"\b\d{10}\b"), "<redacted:npi>"),
+    # SSN: NNN-NN-NNNN or NNNNNNNNN.
+    (
+        "ssn",
+        re.compile(r"\b\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}\b|\b\d{9}\b(?=[\s,;)}])"),
+        "<redacted:ssn>",
+    ),
+    # DOB: "dob=YYYY-MM-DD" / "date_of_birth=YYYY-MM-DD". Capture the
+    # field name + separator, redact only the date — keeps the
+    # surrounding sentence readable.
+    (
+        "dob",
+        re.compile(
+            r"(?i)(\b(?:dob|date[ _]?of[ _]?birth)[:=]\s*)\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}"
+        ),
+        r"\1<redacted:dob>",
+    ),
+    # Patient name: explicit field marker, redact the whole
+    # "patient_name=..." chunk so the value can't leak in a quoted form.
+    (
+        "patient_name",
+        re.compile(
+            r'(?i)\bpatient[_ ]?name[:=]\s*"?[^\",\s}]+',
+        ),
+        "<redacted:patient_name>",
+    ),
+)
+
+# Extra-field KEYS that we treat as PHI by themselves — if a log call
+# passes an extra like ``extra={"date_of_birth": "1980-04-12"}`` we
+# redact the value even though the value alone isn't PHI-shaped. The
+# key is the signal. Matched case-insensitively against the full key
+# (with underscores normalized to spaces for "date of birth").
+_PHI_EXTRA_KEYS: dict[str, str] = {
+    "npi": "npi",
+    "provider_npi": "npi",
+    "rendering_npi": "npi",
+    "billing_npi": "npi",
+    "ssn": "ssn",
+    "dob": "dob",
+    "date_of_birth": "dob",
+    "patient_name": "patient_name",
+    "patient first name": "patient_name",
+    "patient last name": "patient_name",
+}
+
+# When an extra key matches one of these, redact any string value
+# wholesale (don't try to parse it — just replace).
+_PHI_EXTRA_WHOLE_VALUE = {"npi", "ssn", "dob", "patient_name"}
+
+
+class PiiScrubber(logging.Filter):
+    """Filter that redacts obvious PHI from log records.
+
+    Walks the formatted message + every ``extra`` field value (if
+    it's a string) and rewrites matches to ``<redacted:<name>``.
+    Non-string extras are left alone (we don't try to serialize and
+    re-scrub dicts — too risky for false positives).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str = "pii_scrubber") -> None:
+        super().__init__(name)
+        self._enabled = True
+
+    def disable(self) -> None:
+        """Disable scrubbing (for tests / forensic mode)."""
+        self._enabled = False
+
+    def enable(self) -> None:
+        self._enabled = True
+
+    def _scrub(self, text: str) -> str:
+        for label, pat, repl in _PII_PATTERNS:
+            text = pat.sub(repl, text)
+        return text
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _normalize_extra_key(key: str) -> set[str]:
+        """Return all candidate normalizations of a key.
+
+        ``date_of_birth`` should match a lookup table that uses either
+        ``date_of_birth`` or ``date of birth`` — so return both. Same
+        for ``patient_name`` vs ``patient name``.
+        """
+        norm = key.strip().lower()
+        spaced = norm.replace("_", " ")
+        return {norm, spaced}
+
+    def _redact_extra_value(self, key: str, value: Any) -> Any:
+        """Redact a single extra field value if its key signals PHI."""
+        for norm in self._normalize_extra_key(key):
+            label = _PHI_EXTRA_KEYS.get(norm)
+            if label:
+                if not isinstance(value, str):
+                    return value
+                return f"<redacted:{label}>"
+        return value
+
+    def filter(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> bool:
+        if not self._enabled:
+            return True
+        # Scrub the formatted message.
+        try:
+            msg = record.getMessage()
+            scrubbed_msg = self._scrub(msg)
+            if scrubbed_msg != msg:
+                record.msg = scrubbed_msg
+                record.args = ()
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+            pass  # never let the scrubber crash a log call
+        # Scrub string extras in place. We mutate the record's
+        # __dict__ directly so the formatter sees the scrubbed value.
+        for k, v in list(record.__dict__.items()):
+            if k in _RESERVED_LOGRECORD_ATTRS or k.startswith("_"):
+                continue
+            # First, key-based redaction (covers `extra={"dob": "..."}`).
+            redacted = self._redact_extra_value(k, v)
+            if redacted is not v:
+                record.__dict__[k] = redacted
+                continue
+            # Second, value-pattern redaction (covers `extra={"note":
+            # "patient_name=John Doe"}`).
+            if isinstance(v, str):
+                scrubbed = self._scrub(v)
+                if scrubbed != v:
+                    record.__dict__[k] = scrubbed
+        return True
+
+
+# Module-level singleton so tests / callers can disable it cleanly.
+_scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+
+
+def get_scrubber() -> PiiScrubber:
+    """Return the module-level PII scrubber singleton."""
+    return _scrubber
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# setup_logging entry point
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _resolve_level(level: str | int | None) -> int:
+    """Resolve a level string/int, falling back to INFO."""
+    if level is None:
+        return logging.INFO
+    if isinstance(level, int):
+        return level
+    name = str(level).strip().upper()
+    return logging.getLevelNamesMapping().get(name, logging.INFO)
+
+
+def setup_logging(
+    *,
+    level: str | int | None = None,
+    log_file: str | None = None,
+    json_format: bool = True,
+    scrub_pii: bool = True,
+    propagate_from: str | None = None,
+) -> logging.Logger:
+    """Configure the root logger + attach handlers.
+
+    Idempotent: re-calling clears existing handlers on the root
+    logger before attaching fresh ones. Safe to call from
+    ``click.command`` invocations and the FastAPI lifespan.
+
+    Args:
+        level: ``"DEBUG"`` / ``"INFO"`` / etc. or an int. ``None``
+            means honor ``CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL`` env var, then INFO.
+        log_file: Path to a rotating log file. ``None`` means
+            honor ``CYCLONE_LOG_FILE`` env var, then stderr.
+        json_format: Emit JSON lines (default). ``False`` uses
+            :class:`CycloneDevFormatter`.
+        scrub_pii: Apply the PII scrubber (default). Honored via
+            ``CYCLONE_LOG_NO_PII_SCRUB=1`` to disable.
+        propagate_from: Optional logger name to attach the scrubber
+            to (defaults to root).
+
+    Returns:
+        The configured root logger.
+    """
+    # Resolve env-var defaults.
+    if level is None:
+        level = os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL", "INFO")
+    if log_file is None:
+        log_file = os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_FILE") or None
+    if not json_format and os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_JSON", "").lower() in (
+        "false", "0", "no",
+    ):
+        json_format = True
+    if os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_NO_PII_SCRUB", "").lower() in ("1", "true", "yes"):
+        scrub_pii = False
+
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    root.setLevel(_resolve_level(level))
+
+    # Clear existing handlers (idempotent re-setup).
+    for h in list(root.handlers):
+        root.removeHandler(h)
+    # Also clear our scrubber so we don't add duplicates.
+    target = logging.getLogger(propagate_from) if propagate_from else root
+    for flt in list(target.filters):
+        if isinstance(flt, PiiScrubber):
+            target.removeFilter(flt)
+
+    # Build the formatter.
+    fmt: logging.Formatter
+    if json_format:
+        fmt = JsonFormatter()
+    else:
+        fmt = CycloneDevFormatter()
+
+    # Build the handler.
+    if log_file:
+        handler: logging.Handler = RotatingFileHandler(
+            log_file,
+            maxBytes=10 * 1024 * 1024,
+            backupCount=5,
+            encoding="utf-8",
+        )
+    else:
+        handler = logging.StreamHandler(stream=sys.stderr)
+    handler.setFormatter(fmt)
+    root.addHandler(handler)
+
+    # Attach the scrubber.
+    if scrub_pii:
+        _scrubber.enable()
+    else:
+        _scrubber.disable()
+    target.addFilter(_scrubber)
+
+    # Quiet down noisy third-party libs.
+    for noisy in ("urllib3", "paramiko", "sqlalchemy.engine"):
+        logging.getLogger(noisy).setLevel(max(root.level, logging.WARNING))
+
+    return root

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0011_processed_inbound_files.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+-- version: 11
+-- SP16: Inbound MFT polling scheduler
+--
+-- Tracks every file the background scheduler has downloaded from
+-- the Gainwell MFT inbound path so a re-tick (or a restart) does not
+-- re-process the same file. Idempotency is required for production:
+-- the scheduler polls every N seconds and a slow MFT server may hand
+-- us the same file across two polls.
+--
+-- We key on (sftp_block_name, name) — the sftp_block_name disambiguates
+-- multi-provider installations (SP9+SP-multi-NPI), name is the inbound
+-- filename as it appears on the MFT server.
+--
+-- Status values:
+--   * ok       — parsed cleanly, results persisted to the store
+--   * error    — parser raised; error_message captured for the operator
+--   * skipped  — file_type not in the scheduler's allowed set
+--   * pending  — file was downloaded but a downstream step failed
+--                (e.g. DB write); the scheduler retries on the next tick
+--
+-- claim_count is the number of claims/remittances/acks the parser
+-- surfaced. Surfaced on /api/admin/scheduler/status so the operator can
+-- see throughput without parsing logs.
+--
+-- Compliance: not part of the HIPAA audit chain (SP11). This is
+-- operational metadata; an SFTP outage shouldn't pollute the audit log.
+
+CREATE TABLE processed_inbound_files (
+    id                INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    sftp_block_name   TEXT NOT NULL,
+    name              TEXT NOT NULL,
+    size              INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    modified_at       TEXT,
+    file_type         TEXT,
+    processed_at      TEXT NOT NULL,
+    parser_used       TEXT,
+    claim_count       INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    status            TEXT NOT NULL,
+    error_message     TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ux_processed_inbound_files_block_name
+    ON processed_inbound_files(sftp_block_name, name);
+CREATE INDEX ix_processed_inbound_files_processed_at
+    ON processed_inbound_files(processed_at DESC);
+CREATE INDEX ix_processed_inbound_files_status
+    ON processed_inbound_files(status);

backend/src/cyclone/migrations/0012_backups.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+-- version: 12
+-- SP17: encrypted DB backup metadata
+--
+-- Tracks every backup the BackupService has taken. The actual
+-- encrypted blob lives in a directory outside the DB (default
+-- ~/.local/share/cyclone/backups/); this table is just the index
+-- the operator queries via GET /api/admin/backup/list.
+--
+-- Status values:
+--   pending  - row inserted, .backup() in progress or crashed before commit
+--   ok       - encrypted blob + sidecar written successfully
+--   error    - creation failed; error_message populated
+--   pruned   - retention policy removed the file; row kept for audit
+
+CREATE TABLE db_backups (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    filename TEXT NOT NULL,
+    backup_dir TEXT NOT NULL,
+    size_bytes INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    db_fingerprint TEXT,
+    table_count INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    created_at TEXT NOT NULL,
+    completed_at TEXT,
+    status TEXT NOT NULL,
+    error_message TEXT
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ux_db_backups_filename ON db_backups(backup_dir, filename);
+CREATE INDEX ix_db_backups_created_at ON db_backups(created_at DESC);
+CREATE INDEX ix_db_backups_status ON db_backups(status);

backend/src/cyclone/npi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+"""SP20 — NPI checksum + Tax ID format validation.
+
+The National Provider Identifier (NPI) is a 10-digit number where
+the last digit is a **Luhn checksum** over the 9 preceding digits
+prefixed with the constant ``80840`` (the NPPES "healthcare
+provider identifier" prefix). See CMS / HHS NPI Standard:
+
+    https://www.cms.gov/medicare/health-care-provider-identifier
+
+The Tax ID (EIN) is a 9-digit number, optionally formatted with a
+hyphen after the second digit (``XX-XXXXXXX``). We don't validate
+against the IRS (that needs their e-file schema), but we *do* catch
+the 99% typo case at parse time.
+
+Everything in this module is local — no NPPES, no network. Operators
+who want real NPPES verification can wire it in later; this module
+catches typos (an off-by-one in a 10-digit NPI, a letter in an EIN,
+an extra digit, the all-zeros EIN prefix ``00`` / ``07``).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+
+# NPPES prefix per the NPI Luhn algorithm. Prepended to the 9-digit
+# NPI body before running the Luhn check.
+_NPPES_PREFIX = "80840"
+
+
+def npi_checksum(npi_body: str) -> int:
+    """Compute the Luhn check digit for a 9-digit NPI body.
+
+    ``npi_body`` must be exactly 9 digits; the caller is responsible
+    for length + character validation. Returns the check digit (0–9).
+    """
+    if not npi_body.isdigit() or len(npi_body) != 9:
+        raise ValueError(f"npi_body must be 9 digits, got {npi_body!r}")
+    digits = _NPPES_PREFIX + npi_body
+    return _luhn_check_digit(digits)
+
+
+def is_valid_npi(npi: str | None) -> bool:
+    """True if ``npi`` is a well-formed 10-digit NPI with valid checksum.
+
+    Returns False for ``None`` / empty string / non-strings / wrong
+    length / non-digit characters / wrong Luhn check digit. Doesn't
+    call NPPES — see module docstring for why.
+
+    >>> is_valid_npi("1234567893")  # CMS-published example NPI
+    True
+    >>> is_valid_npi("1234567894")  # last digit off by one
+    False
+    >>> is_valid_npi("1234567890")  # passes digit but fails Luhn
+    False
+    >>> is_valid_npi("")
+    False
+    """
+    if not isinstance(npi, str):
+        return False
+    if len(npi) != 10 or not npi.isdigit():
+        return False
+    return npi[-1] == str(npi_checksum(npi[:-1]))
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Tax ID (EIN)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# EIN prefix table (subset). The IRS publishes a full table; the
+# common "this is obviously a typo" prefixes we reject are:
+#   00 — reserved / never assigned
+#   07 — campus prefixes reserved for future use
+#   8X — formerly used by the IRS Pension Plan Branch
+# Other 00-prefixed EINs (e.g., 000000000) are technically not
+# assigned but we don't reject them here — the operator might have
+# a deliberate placeholder.
+_EIN_FORBIDDEN_PREFIXES = {"00", "07"}
+_EIN_RESERVED_PREFIX_8X = re.compile(r"^8\d$")
+
+# 9 digits, optionally formatted as XX-XXXXXXX.
+_EIN_FORMATTED = re.compile(r"^\d{2}-\d{7}$")
+_EIN_PLAIN = re.compile(r"^\d{9}$")
+
+
+def normalize_tax_id(tax_id: str | None) -> str | None:
+    """Return ``tax_id`` in 9-digit plain form, or None if it's malformed.
+
+    >>> normalize_tax_id("72-1587149")
+    '721587149'
+    >>> normalize_tax_id("721587149")
+    '721587149'
+    >>> normalize_tax_id("not-an-ein")
+    None
+    """
+    if not isinstance(tax_id, str):
+        return None
+    s = tax_id.strip()
+    if _EIN_FORMATTED.match(s):
+        return s.replace("-", "")
+    if _EIN_PLAIN.match(s):
+        return s
+    return None
+
+
+def is_valid_tax_id(tax_id: str | None) -> bool:
+    """True if ``tax_id`` is a 9-digit EIN (formatted or plain) with
+    a non-reserved prefix.
+
+    >>> is_valid_tax_id("72-1587149")  # Touch of Care
+    True
+    >>> is_valid_tax_id("00-1234567")  # reserved prefix
+    False
+    >>> is_valid_tax_id("07-1234567")  # reserved prefix
+    False
+    >>> is_valid_tax_id("not-an-ein")
+    False
+    """
+    plain = normalize_tax_id(tax_id)
+    if plain is None:
+        return False
+    prefix = plain[:2]
+    if prefix in _EIN_FORBIDDEN_PREFIXES:
+        return False
+    if _EIN_RESERVED_PREFIX_8X.match(prefix):
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Luhn internals
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _luhn_check_digit(digits: str) -> int:
+    """Return the Luhn check digit for ``digits``.
+
+    The Luhn algorithm doubles every second digit starting from the
+    RIGHTMOST position (i.e., the first digit doubled is the rightmost
+    character of ``digits``). If the doubled value exceeds 9, subtract
+    9. Sum all digits; the check digit is ``(10 - sum % 10) % 10``.
+
+    ``digits`` here is the body WITHOUT the check digit — for the NPI
+    case it's the 14-character ``80840`` + 9-digit NPI body. The
+    CMS-published example ``123456789`` (body) yields check digit
+    ``3`` → full NPI ``1234567893`` (verified against
+    https://www.cms.gov/.../NPIcheckdigit.pdf).
+    """
+    total = 0
+    # The rightmost digit of ``digits`` is the FIRST one doubled (i=0
+    # in the reversed iteration). Per CMS, doubling starts at the
+    # rightmost and alternates leftward.
+    for i, ch in enumerate(reversed(digits)):
+        d = int(ch)
+        if i % 2 == 0:  # rightmost, third-from-right, fifth-from-right, ...
+            d *= 2
+            if d > 9:
+                d -= 9
+        total += d
+    return (10 - total % 10) % 10

backend/src/cyclone/parsers/validator.py

@@ -35,6 +35,36 @@ def _r020_npi_format(claim: ClaimOutput, _: PayerConfig) -> Iterable[ValidationI
         yield ValidationIssue(rule="R020_npi_format", severity="error", message=f"Billing provider NPI must be 10 digits, got {claim.billing_provider.npi!r}")
 
 
+def _r021_npi_checksum(claim: ClaimOutput, _: PayerConfig) -> Iterable[ValidationIssue]:
+    """SP20: validate the billing-provider NPI's Luhn check digit.
+
+    A 10-digit NPI whose body passes R020's format check can still have
+    a bad Luhn check digit (a typo at the end). Yielded as a WARNING —
+    not an error — because operators sometimes ingest test fixtures with
+    placeholder NPIs (e.g. all-same-digit) and we don't want to block
+    that path. Local-only check, no NPPES round-trip.
+    """
+    npi = claim.billing_provider.npi
+    if not npi:
+        return
+    # Skip silently if R020 already flagged the format — we don't want to
+    # duplicate the operator's screen with a second issue about the same NPI.
+    if not NPI_RE.match(npi):
+        return
+    # Lazy import keeps the validator module importable even if
+    # ``cyclone.npi`` is unavailable (e.g. in some legacy test setups).
+    try:
+        from cyclone.npi import is_valid_npi
+    except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover — defensive
+        return
+    if not is_valid_npi(npi):
+        yield ValidationIssue(
+            rule="R021_npi_checksum",
+            severity="warning",
+            message=f"Billing provider NPI {npi!r} fails Luhn checksum (likely typo)",
+        )
+
+
 def _r030_frequency_allowed(claim: ClaimOutput, cfg: PayerConfig) -> Iterable[ValidationIssue]:
     if not claim.claim.frequency_code:
         return
@@ -392,6 +422,7 @@ _RULES: list[Rule] = [
     _r010_clm01_present,
     _r011_total_charge_positive,
     _r020_npi_format,
+    _r021_npi_checksum,
     _r030_frequency_allowed,
     _r031_ref_g1_optional,
     _r034_ref_g1_required,

backend/src/cyclone/pubsub.py

@@ -100,6 +100,19 @@ class EventBus:
             yield await queue.get()
             queue.task_done()
 
+    def stats(self) -> dict[str, int]:
+        """Snapshot of subscriber counts per kind.
+
+        Used by ``/api/health`` (SP19) and the admin diagnostics page.
+        Returns ``{kind: count}`` for every kind with at least one
+        subscriber; kinds with zero subscribers are omitted.
+        """
+        return {
+            kind: len(subs)
+            for kind, subs in self._subscribers.items()
+            if subs
+        }
+
 
 def get_event_bus() -> EventBus:
     """Return the process-wide EventBus attached to the FastAPI app state.

backend/src/cyclone/scheduler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,720 @@
+"""Background inbound MFT polling scheduler (SP16).
+
+Turns Cyclone from a manual upload tool into a live clearinghouse:
+a long-running asyncio task that periodically polls the Gainwell MFT
+inbound path, downloads each new file, and runs it through the
+appropriate parser. The operator no longer has to watch for inbound
+files and POST them to ``/api/parse-999`` etc. by hand.
+
+Design constraints
+------------------
+
+* **Idempotent.** A re-tick (or a process restart) must not re-parse
+  the same inbound file. We persist a ``processed_inbound_files`` row
+  per file and skip ones we've already seen.
+
+* **Crash-safe.** If the parser raises or the DB write fails, the
+  scheduler logs the error, records an ``error`` row, and moves on.
+  The next tick continues from the next file.
+
+* **Bounded blast radius.** A bad file must not stop the scheduler.
+  Each file is wrapped in try/except so a 999 parser crash doesn't
+  prevent us from processing the next inbound 835.
+
+* **Operator-controlled.** The scheduler is OFF by default; the
+  operator must explicitly start it (``POST /api/admin/scheduler/start``
+  or ``CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_AUTOSTART=true``). When it's running, status
+  is exposed via ``GET /api/admin/scheduler/status``.
+
+* **No threading.** We use ``asyncio.create_task`` + ``asyncio.sleep``
+  rather than APScheduler or threading because the rest of the
+  codebase is asyncio-native (FastAPI). The whole polling loop runs
+  in the FastAPI event loop on the main thread.
+
+Compliance: SP16 is operational metadata only. Inbound file
+processing is NOT part of the HIPAA audit chain (SP11) — an SFTP
+outage shouldn't pollute the audit log with parser errors.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import traceback
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional
+
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store
+from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+from cyclone.clearhouse import InboundFile, SftpClient
+from cyclone.db import ProcessedInboundFile
+from cyclone.edi.filenames import parse_inbound_filename
+from cyclone.inbox_state import apply_999_rejections
+from cyclone.inbox_state_277ca import apply_277ca_rejections
+from cyclone.providers import SftpBlock
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# Status values for ProcessedInboundFile.status.
+STATUS_OK = "ok"
+STATUS_ERROR = "error"
+STATUS_SKIPPED = "skipped"
+STATUS_PENDING = "pending"
+
+
+# File types we know how to route. The HCPF set is broader (270/271/
+# 276/277/278/820/834/ENCR) but Cyclone's parser only covers the
+# four below. Files with unknown types are recorded as ``skipped``
+# so the operator can see them in the audit table.
+ROUTED_FILE_TYPES = frozenset({"999", "835", "277", "277CA", "TA1"})
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TickResult:
+    """Outcome of a single scheduler tick (one poll cycle)."""
+
+    started_at: datetime
+    finished_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    files_seen: int = 0
+    files_processed: int = 0
+    files_skipped: int = 0
+    files_errored: int = 0
+    errors: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    def as_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "started_at": self.started_at.isoformat(),
+            "finished_at": (
+                self.finished_at.isoformat() if self.finished_at else None
+            ),
+            "files_seen": self.files_seen,
+            "files_processed": self.files_processed,
+            "files_skipped": self.files_skipped,
+            "files_errored": self.files_errored,
+            "errors": list(self.errors),
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SchedulerStatus:
+    """Snapshot of the scheduler's runtime state."""
+
+    running: bool
+    poll_interval_seconds: int
+    sftp_block_name: str
+    last_poll_at: Optional[datetime]
+    poll_count: int
+    total_processed: int
+    total_skipped: int
+    total_errored: int
+    last_tick: Optional[TickResult] = None
+
+    def as_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "running": self.running,
+            "poll_interval_seconds": self.poll_interval_seconds,
+            "sftp_block_name": self.sftp_block_name,
+            "last_poll_at": (
+                self.last_poll_at.isoformat() if self.last_poll_at else None
+            ),
+            "poll_count": self.poll_count,
+            "total_processed": self.total_processed,
+            "total_skipped": self.total_skipped,
+            "total_errored": self.total_errored,
+            "last_tick": self.last_tick.as_dict() if self.last_tick else None,
+        }
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Per-file-type handlers. Each returns (parser_name, claim_count) and
+# persists its own DB rows. The scheduler records the outcome.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _handle_999(text: str, source_file: str) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse a 999, apply rejections, persist ack row. Returns (parser, count)."""
+    from cyclone.parsers.parse_999 import parse_999_text
+    from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+
+    try:
+        result = parse_999_text(text, input_file=source_file)
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"999 parse error: {exc}") from exc
+
+    received, accepted, rejected, ack_code = _ack_count_summary(result)
+    icn = result.envelope.control_number
+    synthetic_id = _ack_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn)
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        def _lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                session.query(db.Claim)
+                .filter_by(patient_control_number=pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+        rejection_result = apply_999_rejections(
+            session, result, claim_lookup=_lookup,
+        )
+        if rejection_result.matched:
+            for cid in rejection_result.matched:
+                append_event(session, AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="claim.rejected",
+                    entity_type="claim",
+                    entity_id=cid,
+                    payload={"source_batch_id": synthetic_id},
+                    actor="999-parser-scheduler",
+                ))
+        row = cycl_store.add_ack(
+            source_batch_id=synthetic_id,
+            accepted_count=accepted,
+            rejected_count=rejected,
+            received_count=received,
+            ack_code=ack_code,
+            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        )
+        session.commit()
+    return "parse_999", received
+
+
+def _handle_835(text: str, source_file: str) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse an 835, run validation, persist batch + remittances."""
+    import uuid
+    from cyclone.parsers.parse_835 import parse as parse_835
+    from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+    from cyclone.parsers.validator_835 import validate as validate_835
+    from cyclone.payers import PAYER_FACTORIES_835
+    from cyclone.store import BatchRecord
+
+    config = PAYER_FACTORIES_835["co_medicaid_835"]()
+    try:
+        result = parse_835(text, config, input_file=source_file)
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"835 parse error: {exc}") from exc
+
+    # Validation report (mirrors the API endpoint).
+    report = validate_835(result, config)
+    n = len(result.claims)
+    if report.passed:
+        passed, failed, failed_claim_ids = n, 0, []
+    else:
+        passed, failed, failed_claim_ids = 0, n, [
+            c.payer_claim_control_number for c in result.claims
+        ]
+    result = result.model_copy(update={
+        "validation": report,
+        "summary": result.summary.model_copy(update={
+            "passed": passed,
+            "failed": failed,
+            "failed_claim_ids": failed_claim_ids,
+        }),
+    })
+
+    rec = BatchRecord(
+        id=uuid.uuid4().hex,
+        kind="835",
+        input_filename=source_file,
+        parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+        result=result,
+    )
+    cycl_store.add(rec)
+    return "parse_835", len(result.claims)
+
+
+def _handle_277ca(text: str, source_file: str) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse a 277CA, persist ack + stamp payer-rejected claims."""
+    from cyclone.parsers.parse_277ca import parse_277ca_text
+    from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+
+    try:
+        result = parse_277ca_text(text, input_file=source_file)
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"277CA parse error: {exc}") from exc
+
+    icn = result.envelope.control_number
+    synthetic_id = _277ca_synthetic_source_batch_id(icn)
+    accepted = sum(
+        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "accepted"
+    )
+    paid = sum(
+        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "paid"
+    )
+    rejected = sum(
+        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "rejected"
+    )
+    pended = sum(
+        1 for s in result.claim_statuses if s.classification == "pended"
+    )
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        row = cycl_store.add_277ca_ack(
+            source_batch_id=synthetic_id,
+            control_number=icn,
+            accepted_count=accepted,
+            rejected_count=rejected,
+            paid_count=paid,
+            pended_count=pended,
+            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        )
+        def _lookup(pcn: str):
+            return (
+                session.query(db.Claim)
+                .filter(db.Claim.patient_control_number == pcn)
+                .first()
+            )
+        apply_result = apply_277ca_rejections(
+            session, result, claim_lookup=_lookup, two77ca_id=row.id,
+        )
+        if apply_result.matched:
+            for cid in apply_result.matched:
+                append_event(session, AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="claim.payer_rejected",
+                    entity_type="claim",
+                    entity_id=cid,
+                    payload={"source_batch_id": synthetic_id, "277ca_id": row.id},
+                    actor="277ca-parser-scheduler",
+                ))
+        session.commit()
+    return "parse_277ca", len(result.claim_statuses)
+
+
+def _handle_ta1(text: str, source_file: str) -> tuple[str, int]:
+    """Parse a TA1, persist the interchange ack row."""
+    from cyclone.parsers.parse_ta1 import parse_ta1_text
+    from cyclone.parsers.exceptions import CycloneParseError
+
+    try:
+        result = parse_ta1_text(text, input_file=source_file)
+    except CycloneParseError as exc:
+        raise ValueError(f"TA1 parse error: {exc}") from exc
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        cycl_store.add_ta1_ack(
+            source_batch_id=result.source_batch_id,
+            control_number=result.ta1.control_number,
+            interchange_date=result.ta1.interchange_date,
+            interchange_time=result.ta1.interchange_time,
+            ack_code=result.ta1.ack_code,
+            note_code=result.ta1.note_code,
+            ack_generated_date=result.ta1.ack_generated_date,
+            sender_id=result.envelope.sender_id,
+            receiver_id=result.envelope.receiver_id,
+            raw_json=json.loads(result.model_dump_json()),
+        )
+        session.commit()
+    return "parse_ta1", 1
+
+
+# Map file_type → handler. Mirrors ROUTED_FILE_TYPES.
+HANDLERS: dict[str, Callable[[str, str], tuple[str, int]]] = {
+    "999": _handle_999,
+    "835": _handle_835,
+    "277": _handle_277ca,   # filename uses 277; parser is the same
+    "277CA": _handle_277ca,
+    "TA1": _handle_ta1,
+}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Light copies of helpers the API endpoints use, so the scheduler can
+# run without depending on the FastAPI module.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _ack_count_summary(result: Any) -> tuple[int, int, int, str]:
+    """Return (received, accepted, rejected, ack_code) for a 999.
+
+    Mirrors the logic in ``cyclone.api._ack_count_summary`` but lives
+    here so the scheduler can run without importing the API module.
+    """
+    if result.functional_group_acks:
+        fg = result.functional_group_acks[0]
+        return (
+            fg.received_count, fg.accepted_count,
+            fg.rejected_count, fg.ack_code,
+        )
+    sets = result.set_responses
+    received = len(sets)
+    accepted = sum(1 for s in sets if s.set_accept_reject.code == "A")
+    rejected = received - accepted
+    if rejected == 0:
+        code = "A"
+    elif accepted == 0:
+        code = "R"
+    else:
+        code = "P"
+    return (received, accepted, rejected, code)
+
+
+def _ack_synthetic_source_batch_id(interchange_control_number: str) -> str:
+    """Synthetic batches.id for a received 999 with no source batch."""
+    return f"999-{(interchange_control_number or '').strip() or '000000001'}"
+
+
+def _277ca_synthetic_source_batch_id(interchange_control_number: str) -> str:
+    """Synthetic batches.id for a received 277CA with no source batch."""
+    return f"277CA-{(interchange_control_number or '').strip() or '000000001'}"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Scheduler
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class Scheduler:
+    """Background polling loop for inbound MFT files.
+
+    Lifecycle:
+        sched = Scheduler(sftp_block, poll_interval_seconds=60)
+        await sched.start()       # begin polling
+        # ... later ...
+        await sched.stop()        # finish current tick, then exit
+        status = sched.status()   # snapshot
+
+    The scheduler is a single asyncio task. ``tick()`` does one full
+    poll cycle and is exposed for tests + the ``/api/admin/scheduler/tick``
+    endpoint so the operator can force a poll without waiting.
+
+    Threading: NOT thread-safe. All access (start/stop/tick/status)
+    must happen on the same event loop. The FastAPI app satisfies
+    this trivially because endpoints run on the loop.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        sftp_block: SftpBlock,
+        *,
+        poll_interval_seconds: int = 60,
+        sftp_block_name: str = "default",
+        sftp_client_factory: Optional[Callable[[SftpBlock], Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._sftp_block = sftp_block
+        self._poll_interval = poll_interval_seconds
+        self._sftp_block_name = sftp_block_name
+        # Factory indirection lets tests substitute a fake client
+        # without monkey-patching the module-level SftpClient.
+        self._sftp_client_factory = sftp_client_factory or SftpClient
+
+        self._task: Optional[asyncio.Task[None]] = None
+        self._stop_event = asyncio.Event()
+        self._last_poll_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+        self._poll_count = 0
+        self._total_processed = 0
+        self._total_skipped = 0
+        self._total_errored = 0
+        self._last_tick: Optional[TickResult] = None
+        # Coalesce overlapping ticks (a slow MFT server shouldn't let
+        # ticks stack up; the next tick fires only after the previous
+        # one finishes).
+        self._tick_in_progress = False
+
+    # ---- Public API -------------------------------------------------------
+
+    async def start(self) -> None:
+        """Begin polling. Idempotent."""
+        if self._task is not None and not self._task.done():
+            log.info("Scheduler already running; start() is a no-op")
+            return
+        self._stop_event.clear()
+        self._task = asyncio.create_task(self._run(), name="mft-scheduler")
+        log.info(
+            "Scheduler started",
+            extra={
+                "poll_interval_s": self._poll_interval,
+                "sftp_block": self._sftp_block_name,
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def stop(self) -> None:
+        """Stop polling. Waits for the current tick to finish."""
+        if self._task is None or self._task.done():
+            return
+        self._stop_event.set()
+        try:
+            await asyncio.wait_for(self._task, timeout=30)
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            log.warning("Scheduler did not stop within 30s; cancelling")
+            self._task.cancel()
+            try:
+                await self._task
+            except (asyncio.CancelledError, Exception):  # noqa: BLE001
+                pass
+        self._task = None
+        log.info("Scheduler stopped")
+
+    def status(self) -> SchedulerStatus:
+        """Return a snapshot of the scheduler's state."""
+        return SchedulerStatus(
+            running=self.is_running(),
+            poll_interval_seconds=self._poll_interval,
+            sftp_block_name=self._sftp_block_name,
+            last_poll_at=self._last_poll_at,
+            poll_count=self._poll_count,
+            total_processed=self._total_processed,
+            total_skipped=self._total_skipped,
+            total_errored=self._total_errored,
+            last_tick=self._last_tick,
+        )
+
+    def is_running(self) -> bool:
+        return self._task is not None and not self._task.done()
+
+    async def tick(self) -> TickResult:
+        """Run a single poll cycle and return the outcome.
+
+        Concurrent ticks are coalesced: if a tick is already in
+        progress, the second caller waits for it. This protects the
+        SFTP server from a stampede when the operator hits
+        ``/api/admin/scheduler/tick`` while a scheduled tick is
+        already running.
+        """
+        while self._tick_in_progress:
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+        self._tick_in_progress = True
+        try:
+            result = await self._tick_impl()
+            self._last_tick = result
+            self._last_poll_at = result.finished_at or result.started_at
+            self._poll_count += 1
+            self._total_processed += result.files_processed
+            self._total_skipped += result.files_skipped
+            self._total_errored += result.files_errored
+            return result
+        finally:
+            self._tick_in_progress = False
+
+    # ---- Internals --------------------------------------------------------
+
+    async def _run(self) -> None:
+        """Main loop. Runs until ``stop()`` is called."""
+        # Stagger the first tick so we don't hammer the MFT server on
+        # startup if multiple operators restart Cyclone in lockstep.
+        await asyncio.sleep(1)
+        while not self._stop_event.is_set():
+            try:
+                await self.tick()
+            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+                # tick() should never raise — it catches per-file
+                # exceptions. This is the safety net for SFTP outages
+                # or DB connectivity issues.
+                log.exception("Scheduler tick raised", extra={"error": str(exc)})
+            try:
+                await asyncio.wait_for(
+                    self._stop_event.wait(),
+                    timeout=self._poll_interval,
+                )
+            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+                pass  # poll interval elapsed; loop again
+
+    async def _tick_impl(self) -> TickResult:
+        """One poll cycle: list → filter already-processed → route each."""
+        started = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        result = TickResult(started_at=started)
+
+        try:
+            files = await asyncio.to_thread(self._list_inbound)
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception("SFTP list_inbound failed")
+            result.errors.append(f"list_inbound: {exc}")
+            result.finished_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+            return result
+
+        result.files_seen = len(files)
+        for f in files:
+            if self._stop_event.is_set():
+                break
+            await self._handle_one(f, result)
+
+        result.finished_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        return result
+
+    def _list_inbound(self) -> list[InboundFile]:
+        """Return files in the inbound MFT path. Runs on a thread."""
+        client = self._sftp_client_factory(self._sftp_block)
+        return client.list_inbound()
+
+    async def _handle_one(self, f: InboundFile, result: TickResult) -> None:
+        """Process one inbound file: skip-if-seen, classify, parse, record."""
+        if await self._already_processed(f.name):
+            return
+
+        try:
+            inbound = parse_inbound_filename(f.name)
+            file_type = inbound.file_type
+        except ValueError:
+            file_type = None
+
+        if file_type not in HANDLERS:
+            await self._record(
+                name=f.name, size=f.size, modified_at=f.modified_at,
+                file_type=file_type, parser_used=None, claim_count=0,
+                status=STATUS_SKIPPED,
+                error_message=(
+                    f"file_type {file_type!r} not in {sorted(HANDLERS)}"
+                    if file_type else "filename does not match HCPF inbound format"
+                ),
+            )
+            result.files_skipped += 1
+            return
+
+        try:
+            _path, parser_used, claim_count = await asyncio.to_thread(
+                self._download_and_parse, f, file_type,
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.exception("Failed to process inbound file", extra={"input_filename": f.name})
+            await self._record(
+                name=f.name, size=f.size, modified_at=f.modified_at,
+                file_type=file_type, parser_used=None, claim_count=0,
+                status=STATUS_ERROR,
+                error_message=(
+                    f"{type(exc).__name__}: {exc}\n"
+                    f"{traceback.format_exc()[-500:]}"
+                ),
+            )
+            result.files_errored += 1
+            result.errors.append(f"{f.name}: {exc}")
+            return
+
+        await self._record(
+            name=f.name, size=f.size, modified_at=f.modified_at,
+            file_type=file_type, parser_used=parser_used, claim_count=claim_count,
+            status=STATUS_OK, error_message=None,
+        )
+        result.files_processed += 1
+        log.info(
+            "Processed inbound file",
+            extra={
+                "input_filename": f.name,
+                "parser": parser_used,
+                "claims": claim_count,
+            },
+        )
+
+    async def _already_processed(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+            row = (
+                session.query(ProcessedInboundFile)
+                .filter_by(sftp_block_name=self._sftp_block_name, name=name)
+                .filter(ProcessedInboundFile.status != STATUS_PENDING)
+                .first()
+            )
+            return row is not None
+
+    async def _record(
+        self,
+        *,
+        name: str,
+        size: int,
+        modified_at: datetime,
+        file_type: Optional[str],
+        parser_used: Optional[str],
+        claim_count: int,
+        status: str,
+        error_message: Optional[str],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Persist a processed_inbound_files row. Idempotent."""
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+            row = ProcessedInboundFile(
+                sftp_block_name=self._sftp_block_name,
+                name=name,
+                size=size,
+                modified_at=modified_at,
+                file_type=file_type,
+                processed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+                parser_used=parser_used,
+                claim_count=claim_count,
+                status=status,
+                error_message=error_message,
+            )
+            session.add(row)
+            try:
+                session.commit()
+            except IntegrityError:
+                # A concurrent scheduler (or a retry after a partial
+                # failure) already recorded this file. That's fine —
+                # the latest row wins; we just skip the dup.
+                session.rollback()
+
+    def _download_and_parse(
+        self, f: InboundFile, file_type: str,
+    ) -> tuple[Path, str, int]:
+        """Download from MFT, run the right handler. Returns (path, parser, count).
+
+        Stub mode: ``f.local_path`` already points at the staged file
+        (set by ``SftpClient._list_inbound_stub``). Real mode: the
+        remote name is ``f.name`` and we round-trip through paramiko.
+        """
+        if self._sftp_block.stub:
+            # In stub mode the InboundFile already has a local_path;
+            # reading the staged bytes directly avoids the stub's
+            # remote-path semantics (which expect a full inbound path).
+            content = f.local_path.read_bytes()
+        else:
+            client = self._sftp_client_factory(self._sftp_block)
+            content = client.read_file(f.name)
+        text = content.decode("utf-8")
+        handler = HANDLERS[file_type]
+        parser_used, claim_count = handler(text, f.name)
+        return f.local_path, parser_used, claim_count
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Module-level singleton — only one scheduler per process.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+_scheduler: Optional[Scheduler] = None
+
+
+def configure_scheduler(
+    sftp_block: SftpBlock,
+    *,
+    poll_interval_seconds: int = 60,
+    sftp_block_name: str = "default",
+    force: bool = False,
+) -> Scheduler:
+    """Create the module-level scheduler singleton (or return the existing one).
+
+    Called from the FastAPI lifespan handler. Tests pre-configure the
+    scheduler before the TestClient opens the lifespan; in that case
+    we leave the existing singleton alone (``force=False``). Pass
+    ``force=True`` to replace unconditionally.
+    """
+    global _scheduler
+    if _scheduler is not None and not force:
+        return _scheduler
+    poll = int(
+        os.environ.get("CYCLONE_SCHEDULER_POLL_SECONDS", poll_interval_seconds),
+    )
+    _scheduler = Scheduler(
+        sftp_block,
+        poll_interval_seconds=poll,
+        sftp_block_name=sftp_block_name,
+    )
+    return _scheduler
+
+
+def get_scheduler() -> Scheduler:
+    """Return the module-level scheduler.
+
+    Raises:
+        RuntimeError: if ``configure_scheduler`` hasn't been called.
+    """
+    if _scheduler is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "scheduler not configured; call configure_scheduler() first",
+        )
+    return _scheduler
+
+
+def reset_scheduler_for_tests() -> None:
+    """Clear the module-level scheduler. Test-only."""
+    global _scheduler
+    _scheduler = None

backend/src/cyclone/security.py

@@ -0,0 +1,485 @@
+"""SP19 — Security middleware + health probe.
+
+Three concrete middlewares (body size, rate limit, security headers)
+plus a richer ``/api/health`` snapshot. Sizing is for Cyclone's
+local-only posture: a misconfigured Tailscale / ngrok bind, a
+misbehaving cron job, a port-scanner scraping the API. Anything more
+aggressive (auth, mTLS, WAF) is out of scope.
+
+Design choices
+--------------
+
+* **In-memory rate limiter.** Cyclone is single-process; a dict
+  keyed by IP is enough. If we ever go multi-worker, swap for
+  Redis. The rate-limit counter resets after the bucket window;
+  failing open on the limiter itself (an unexpected exception)
+  rather than 503ing every request is the right call for a local tool.
+
+* **Body-size check by Content-Length first, then chunked-read
+  guard.** A chunked POST can lie about its size (or omit the
+  header entirely); we cap read body size on the underlying stream
+  so a malicious client can't keep streaming forever.
+
+* **Security headers on every response.** CSP locks the API to
+  same-origin + the Vite dev origin (whitelisted explicitly so a
+  future operator running on a different port doesn't break).
+
+* **Health snapshot is best-effort.** Each subsystem (DB,
+  scheduler, pubsub) reports independently — a DB outage doesn't
+  blank out the rest. ``status: "degraded"`` if any subsystem is
+  unhappy; ``"ok"`` only when everything is.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import threading
+import time
+from collections import deque
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+from fastapi import Request, Response
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+from starlette.types import ASGIApp, Message, Receive, Scope, Send
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Knobs (env-var driven)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+DEFAULT_MAX_BODY_BYTES = 50 * 1024 * 1024  # 50 MB — generous for X12 EDI
+DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MIN = 300
+DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_S = 60
+
+# CSP: API responses are JSON, not HTML. ``default-src 'none'`` is the
+# strictest setting; it forbids the API from being a vector for
+# injected scripts in case an operator opens a JSON viewer with an
+# HTML renderer.
+_SECURITY_HEADERS: dict[str, str] = {
+    "X-Content-Type-Options": "nosniff",
+    "X-Frame-Options": "DENY",
+    "Referrer-Policy": "same-origin",
+    "Permissions-Policy": "geolocation=(), microphone=(), camera=()",
+    "Content-Security-Policy": "default-src 'none'; frame-ancestors 'none'",
+}
+
+
+def _env_int(name: str, default: int) -> int:
+    raw = os.environ.get(name)
+    if not raw:
+        return default
+    try:
+        return int(raw)
+    except ValueError:
+        log.warning("SP19: %s=%r is not an int; using default %d", name, raw, default)
+        return default
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Body-size middleware
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class BodySizeLimitMiddleware:
+    """Reject requests whose body exceeds ``max_bytes``.
+
+    Pure ASGI middleware (not BaseHTTPMiddleware — that one breaks
+    FastAPI's ``request.body()`` introspection). Two-stage guard:
+      1. If the request declares a ``Content-Length`` larger than
+         ``max_bytes``, reject immediately with ``413``.
+      2. While reading the body chunks, cap accumulated bytes at
+         ``max_bytes``. If we cross the cap, return 413 instead of
+         letting the handler read the rest.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app: ASGIApp, max_bytes: int | None = None) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.max_bytes = max_bytes or _env_int(
+            "CYCLONE_MAX_BODY_BYTES", DEFAULT_MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+        )
+
+    async def __call__(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
+        if scope["type"] != "http":
+            await self.app(scope, receive, send)
+            return
+
+        # Stage 1: declared length.
+        cl_header = None
+        for k, v in scope.get("headers", []):
+            if k == b"content-length":
+                cl_header = v.decode("latin-1")
+                break
+        if cl_header is not None:
+            try:
+                if int(cl_header) > self.max_bytes:
+                    await _send_rejection(
+                        scope, send,
+                        code=413,
+                        reason="body_too_large",
+                        detail=f"Content-Length {cl_header} exceeds limit {self.max_bytes}",
+                    )
+                    return
+            except ValueError:
+                await _send_rejection(
+                    scope, send,
+                    code=400, reason="bad_content_length",
+                    detail=f"Content-Length {cl_header!r} is not an integer",
+                )
+                return
+
+        # Stage 2: chunked read guard.
+        seen = 0
+        over_limit = False
+
+        async def wrapped_receive() -> Message:
+            nonlocal seen, over_limit
+            if over_limit:
+                # Drain any remaining bytes so the upstream ASGI
+                # server doesn't see a truncated stream.
+                msg = await receive()
+                if msg.get("type") == "http.request":
+                    return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False}
+                return msg
+            msg = await receive()
+            if msg.get("type") == "http.request":
+                body = msg.get("body", b"") or b""
+                seen += len(body)
+                if seen > self.max_bytes:
+                    over_limit = True
+                    return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False}
+            return msg
+
+        if cl_header is None:
+            # Chunked / unknown length — guard with wrapped receive.
+            await self.app(scope, wrapped_receive, send)
+        else:
+            # Fixed-length known to be safe; pass through.
+            await self.app(scope, receive, send)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Rate-limit middleware
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class _Bucket:
+    """Sliding-window counter for one IP."""
+    timestamps: deque = field(default_factory=deque)
+
+    def hit(self, window_s: int, now: float) -> bool:
+        """Record one hit; return True if under the limit, False if over."""
+        # Drop expired entries.
+        cutoff = now - window_s
+        while self.timestamps and self.timestamps[0] < cutoff:
+            self.timestamps.popleft()
+        return True  # we always record; the dispatcher decides to reject
+
+    def count_in_window(self, now: float, window_s: int) -> int:
+        cutoff = now - window_s
+        while self.timestamps and self.timestamps[0] < cutoff:
+            self.timestamps.popleft()
+        return len(self.timestamps)
+
+
+class RateLimitMiddleware:
+    """Per-IP sliding-window rate limiter (pure ASGI).
+
+    Defaults to ``CYCLONE_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MIN`` requests/minute per IP.
+    Health-check probes and the ``/api/health`` endpoint are exempt
+    so a load balancer's frequent probes don't trip the limiter.
+
+    On unexpected errors the limiter fails OPEN — better to serve a
+    few extra requests than to 503 every request because of a bug.
+    """
+
+    EXEMPT_PATHS = ("/api/health", "/healthz", "/readyz")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: ASGIApp,
+        per_minute: int | None = None,
+        window_s: int | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.per_minute = per_minute or _env_int(
+            "CYCLONE_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MIN", DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MIN,
+        )
+        self.window_s = window_s or DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_S
+        self._buckets: dict[str, _Bucket] = {}
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    async def __call__(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
+        if scope["type"] != "http":
+            await self.app(scope, receive, send)
+            return
+        path = scope.get("path", "")
+        if path in self.EXEMPT_PATHS:
+            await self.app(scope, receive, send)
+            return
+        ip = _client_ip_from_scope(scope)
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        try:
+            with self._lock:
+                bucket = self._buckets.setdefault(ip, _Bucket())
+                bucket.timestamps.append(now)
+                count = bucket.count_in_window(now, self.window_s)
+            if count > self.per_minute:
+                await _send_rejection(
+                    scope, send,
+                    code=429,
+                    reason="rate_limited",
+                    detail=(
+                        f"IP {ip} exceeded {self.per_minute} req/"
+                        f"{self.window_s}s window"
+                    ),
+                )
+                return
+        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+            log.warning("SP19: rate limiter failed open: %s", exc)
+        await self.app(scope, receive, send)
+
+
+def _client_ip_from_scope(scope: Scope) -> str:
+    """Best-effort client IP from the ASGI scope. Falls back to ``"unknown"``."""
+    for k, v in scope.get("headers", []):
+        if k == b"x-forwarded-for":
+            return v.decode("latin-1").split(",")[0].strip()
+    client = scope.get("client")
+    if client and client[0]:
+        return client[0]
+    return "unknown"
+
+
+def _client_ip(request: Request) -> str:
+    """Legacy helper (kept for the audit-event log path)."""
+    return _client_ip_from_scope(request.scope)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Security-headers middleware
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class SecurityHeadersMiddleware:
+    """Stamp the static security headers on every response (pure ASGI).
+
+    CSP / X-Content-Type-Options / X-Frame-Options / Referrer-Policy /
+    Permissions-Policy. The headers are static for now; per-route
+    overrides can be added later if a route needs to relax them.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app: ASGIApp, extra: dict[str, str] | None = None) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.headers = [(k.lower().encode("latin-1"), v.encode("latin-1"))
+                        for k, v in _SECURITY_HEADERS.items()]
+        if extra:
+            self.headers.extend(
+                (k.lower().encode("latin-1"), v.encode("latin-1"))
+                for k, v in extra.items()
+            )
+
+    async def __call__(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
+        if scope["type"] != "http":
+            await self.app(scope, receive, send)
+            return
+
+        async def wrapped_send(message: Message) -> None:
+            if message["type"] == "http.response.start":
+                headers = list(message.get("headers", []))
+                existing = {k for k, _ in headers}
+                for k, v in self.headers:
+                    if k not in existing:
+                        headers.append((k, v))
+                message["headers"] = headers
+            await send(message)
+
+        await self.app(scope, receive, wrapped_send)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Reject helper (also writes an audit event when DB is available)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def _send_rejection(
+    scope: Scope,
+    send: Send,
+    *,
+    code: int,
+    reason: str,
+    detail: str,
+) -> None:
+    """Build a 413/429 JSON response, send it, and emit a log + audit event."""
+    method = scope.get("method", "GET")
+    path = scope.get("path", "/")
+    ip = _client_ip_from_scope(scope)
+    log.warning(
+        "api.request_rejected",
+        extra={
+            "status": code,
+            "reason": reason,
+            "path": path,
+            "method": method,
+            "ip": ip,
+            "detail": detail,
+        },
+    )
+    payload = {"error": reason, "detail": detail, "status": code}
+    body = json.dumps(payload).encode("utf-8")
+    await send({
+        "type": "http.response.start",
+        "status": code,
+        "headers": [
+            (b"content-type", b"application/json"),
+            (b"content-length", str(len(body)).encode("latin-1")),
+        ],
+    })
+    await send({"type": "http.response.body", "body": body, "more_body": False})
+    # Best-effort audit-log append. Don't block the response on a DB
+    # outage (the rejection is the more important signal anyway).
+    try:
+        from cyclone import db
+        from cyclone.audit_log import AuditEvent, append_event
+
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+            append_event(
+                session,
+                AuditEvent(
+                    event_type="api.request_rejected",
+                    entity_type="http_request",
+                    entity_id=f"{method} {path}",
+                    payload={
+                        "status": code,
+                        "reason": reason,
+                        "path": path,
+                        "method": method,
+                        "ip": ip,
+                    },
+                    actor=f"api:{ip}",
+                ),
+            )
+            session.commit()
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        log.debug("SP19: audit-log append failed for rejection: %s", exc)
+
+
+def _reject(
+    request: Request,
+    *,
+    code: int,
+    reason: str,
+    detail: str,
+) -> JSONResponse:
+    """Sync helper kept for back-compat (the ``audit_log`` payload path)."""
+    return JSONResponse(
+        {"error": reason, "detail": detail, "status": code},
+        status_code=code,
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Health snapshot
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class HealthSnapshot:
+    status: str
+    version: str
+    db: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    scheduler: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    pubsub: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    batch: dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "status": self.status,
+            "version": self.version,
+            "db": self.db,
+            "scheduler": self.scheduler,
+            "pubsub": self.pubsub,
+            "batch": self.batch,
+        }
+
+
+def get_health_snapshot() -> HealthSnapshot:
+    """Gather a best-effort snapshot of every Cyclone subsystem.
+
+    Returns ``HealthSnapshot`` with ``status="ok"`` only if every
+    subsystem check passes. ``"degraded"`` if any subsystem is
+    unhappy but the API itself is responsive. Each subsystem reports
+    independently so one outage doesn't blank out the rest.
+    """
+    from cyclone import __version__, db
+
+    snap = HealthSnapshot(status="ok", version=__version__)
+
+    # DB connectivity.
+    try:
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+            session.execute(db.text("SELECT 1"))
+        snap.db = {"ok": True}
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        snap.db = {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)}
+        snap.status = "degraded"
+
+    # Scheduler state.
+    try:
+        from cyclone import scheduler as scheduler_mod
+        sched = scheduler_mod.get_scheduler()
+        snap.scheduler = {
+            "running": sched.is_running(),
+            "interval_s": sched._poll_interval,  # noqa: SLF001
+            "sftp_block": sched._sftp_block_name,  # noqa: SLF001
+        }
+    except RuntimeError:
+        snap.scheduler = {"running": False, "configured": False}
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        snap.scheduler = {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)}
+        snap.status = "degraded"
+
+    # Backup scheduler.
+    try:
+        from cyclone import backup_scheduler as bks_mod
+        bks = bks_mod.get_backup_scheduler()
+        snap.scheduler["backup_scheduler_running"] = bks.is_running()
+        snap.scheduler["backup_interval_hours"] = bks.interval_hours
+    except (RuntimeError, ImportError):
+        snap.scheduler["backup_scheduler_running"] = False
+    except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+        pass  # secondary subsystem; don't degrade the overall status
+
+    # Pubsub bus stats — placeholder. The /api/health handler fills
+    # in the real subscriber counts using request.app.state.event_bus.
+    snap.pubsub = {"note": "filled in by health router"}
+
+    # Last batch timestamp + count.
+    try:
+        from cyclone import db as db_mod
+        from cyclone.db import Batch
+        with db_mod.SessionLocal()() as session:
+            row = (
+                session.query(Batch)
+                .order_by(Batch.parsed_at.desc())
+                .first()
+            )
+        if row is not None:
+            snap.batch = {
+                "last_batch_id": row.id,
+                "last_batch_kind": row.kind,
+                "last_batch_at": row.parsed_at.isoformat() if row.parsed_at else None,
+                "last_batch_filename": row.input_filename,
+            }
+        else:
+            snap.batch = {"last_batch_id": None, "note": "no batches yet"}
+    except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001
+        snap.batch = {"ok": False, "error": str(exc)}
+        snap.status = "degraded"
+
+    return snap

backend/src/cyclone/store.py

@@ -1849,6 +1849,32 @@ class CycloneStore:
         with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
             return s.get(db.Two77caAck, ack_id)
 
+    # -- SP17: encrypted DB backups -------------------------------------
+
+    def add_backup_pending(self, *, filename: str, backup_dir: str) -> db.DbBackup:
+        """Insert a ``pending`` row for a backup that is about to start.
+
+        The BackupService fills in ``status`` / ``size_bytes`` /
+        ``db_fingerprint`` / ``table_count`` / ``completed_at`` after
+        the encrypted blob lands on disk.
+        """
+        with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+            row = db.DbBackup(
+                filename=filename,
+                backup_dir=backup_dir,
+                size_bytes=0,
+                db_fingerprint=None,
+                table_count=0,
+                created_at=utcnow(),
+                completed_at=None,
+                status="pending",
+                error_message=None,
+            )
+            s.add(row)
+            s.commit()
+            s.refresh(row)
+            return row
+
     # -- manual reconciliation (T12) -----------------------------------
 
     def list_unmatched(self, *, kind: str = "both") -> dict:

backend/tests/fixtures/minimal_837p.txt

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ PER*IC*Test Contact*EM*test@example.com~
 NM1*40*2*COLORADO MEDICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM*****46*COMEDASSISTPROG~
 HL*1**20*1~
 PRV*BI*PXC*251E00000X~
-NM1*85*2*Test Provider Inc*****XX*1234567890~
+NM1*85*2*Test Provider Inc*****XX*1993999998~
 N3*123 Test St~
 N4*Denver*CO*80202~
 REF*EI*123456789~

backend/tests/fixtures/minimal_ta1.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ISA*00*          *00*          *ZZ*SENDER         *ZZ*RECEIVER       *260520*1750*^*00501*000000001*0*P*:~TA1*000000001*20260520*1750*A*000*20260520~IEA*1*000000001~

backend/tests/test_acks.py

@@ -51,18 +51,19 @@ def test_migration_0002_creates_acks_table():
 
 def test_migration_latest_idempotent_on_fresh_db():
     """Re-running the migration on the same DB must be a no-op (PRAGMA
-    user_version already at the latest version — currently 10 after
+    user_version already at the latest version — currently 12 after
     0004-0006 line_reconciliation, 0005 ta1_acks, SP9's 0007
     providers/payers/clearhouse, SP10's 0008 payer_rejected,
-    SP11's 0009 audit_log, and SP14's 0010 payer_rejected_acknowledged)."""
+    SP11's 0009 audit_log, SP14's 0010 payer_rejected_acknowledged,
+    SP16's 0011 processed_inbound_files, SP17's 0012 db_backups)."""
     with db.engine().begin() as c:
         v1 = c.exec_driver_sql("PRAGMA user_version").scalar() or 0
-    assert v1 == 10
+    assert v1 == 12
     # A second run should not raise and should not bump the version.
     db_migrate.run(db.engine())
     with db.engine().begin() as c:
         v2 = c.exec_driver_sql("PRAGMA user_version").scalar() or 0
-    assert v2 == 10
+    assert v2 == 12
 
 
 def test_add_ack_persists_row():

backend/tests/test_api.py

@@ -31,10 +31,18 @@ def client() -> TestClient:
 
 
 def test_health_endpoint(client: TestClient):
+    """SP19: health endpoint now returns a subsystem snapshot."""
     resp = client.get("/api/health")
     assert resp.status_code == 200
     body = resp.json()
-    assert body == {"status": "ok", "version": __version__}
+    # Old contract (status + version) is preserved.
+    assert body["status"] == "ok"
+    assert body["version"] == __version__
+    # SP19 additions.
+    assert "db" in body and body["db"].get("ok") is True
+    assert "scheduler" in body
+    assert "pubsub" in body
+    assert "batch" in body
 
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #

backend/tests/test_api_backup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+"""SP17 — Admin backup API endpoint tests.
+
+Covers:
+  - POST /api/admin/backup/create
+  - GET  /api/admin/backup/list
+  - GET  /api/admin/backup/status
+  - POST /api/admin/backup/{id}/verify
+  - POST /api/admin/backup/{id}/restore/initiate
+  - POST /api/admin/backup/{id}/restore/confirm
+  - POST /api/admin/backup/prune
+  - POST /api/admin/backup/scheduler/{start,stop,tick}
+
+Each fixture starts a clean DB + BackupService configured with a
+known passphrase. We deliberately do NOT enable SQLCipher here —
+the backup layer is independent of SQLCipher encryption at rest.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def _backup_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """Fresh sqlite DB + BackupService with passphrase. Reset module singletons."""
+    from cyclone import db
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_scheduler as sched_mod
+    from cyclone.db import Batch
+
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/test.db")
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+    db.init_db()
+
+    # Make sure there's at least one row so the backup isn't a no-op.
+    import uuid
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        s.add(Batch(
+            id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
+            kind="837P",
+            input_filename="seed.x12",
+            parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+            totals_json=None,
+            validation_json=None,
+            raw_result_json={"envelope": {"control_number": "1"}, "claims": [], "summary": {"passed": 0, "failed": 0, "failed_claim_ids": []}},
+        ))
+        s.commit()
+
+    backup_dir = tmp_path / "backups"
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    sched_mod.reset_backup_scheduler_for_tests()
+    svc = svc_mod.configure_backup_service(
+        backup_dir=backup_dir, passphrase="api-test-pass", retention_days=7,
+    )
+    yield svc, backup_dir
+    sched_mod.reset_backup_scheduler_for_tests()
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+
+
+def _client():
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from cyclone.api import app
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /backup/create
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_create_returns_metadata_and_persists_row(_backup_env):
+    svc, backup_dir = _backup_env
+    r = _client().post("/api/admin/backup/create")
+    assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+    body = r.json()
+    assert body["ok"] is True
+    b = body["backup"]
+    assert b["size_bytes"] > 0
+    assert b["db_fingerprint"].startswith("sha256:")
+    assert b["table_count"] >= 1
+    assert b["created_at"]
+    # File actually exists on disk.
+    assert (backup_dir / b["filename"]).exists()
+    # Sidecar metadata echoed.
+    sc = body["sidecar"]
+    assert sc["kdf"] == "PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256"
+    assert sc["kdf_iterations"] == 200_000
+    assert sc["cipher"] == "AES-256-GCM"
+
+
+def test_create_503_when_service_unconfigured(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """If BackupService was never configured, create returns 503."""
+    from cyclone import db
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/test.db")
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+    db.init_db()
+    svc_mod.reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    try:
+        r = _client().post("/api/admin/backup/create")
+        assert r.status_code == 503
+        assert "not configured" in r.json()["detail"].lower()
+    finally:
+        db._reset_for_tests()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /backup/list
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_list_returns_newest_first(_backup_env):
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    client = _client()
+    client.post("/api/admin/backup/create")
+    client.post("/api/admin/backup/create")
+    r = client.get("/api/admin/backup/list")
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    body = r.json()
+    assert body["count"] == 2
+    assert body["files"][0]["id"] > body["files"][1]["id"]
+
+
+def test_list_filter_by_status(_backup_env):
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    client = _client()
+    client.post("/api/admin/backup/create")
+    r = client.get("/api/admin/backup/list?status=ok")
+    assert r.json()["count"] == 1
+    r = client.get("/api/admin/backup/list?status=error")
+    assert r.json()["count"] == 0
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /backup/status
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_status_returns_counts_and_dirs(_backup_env):
+    svc, backup_dir = _backup_env
+    client = _client()
+    client.post("/api/admin/backup/create")
+    r = client.get("/api/admin/backup/status")
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    body = r.json()
+    assert body["totals"]["ok"] == 1
+    assert body["backup_dir"] == str(backup_dir)
+    assert body["retention_days"] == 7
+    assert body["last_backup_at"] is not None
+    assert body["last_ok_backup_at"] is not None
+    # The scheduler may or may not be configured depending on lifespan.
+    assert "scheduler" in body
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /backup/{id}/verify
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_verify_ok_after_create(_backup_env):
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    client = _client()
+    cid = client.post("/api/admin/backup/create").json()["backup"]["id"]
+    r = client.post(f"/api/admin/backup/{cid}/verify")
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    body = r.json()
+    assert body["ok"] is True
+    assert body["expected_fingerprint"] == body["actual_fingerprint"]
+
+
+def test_verify_detects_tampered_ciphertext(_backup_env):
+    from cyclone import backup as backup_mod
+    svc, backup_dir = _backup_env
+    client = _client()
+    cid = client.post("/api/admin/backup/create").json()["backup"]["id"]
+    fname = svc.list_backups()[0].filename
+    # Flip a bit in the ciphertext.
+    bin_path = backup_dir / fname
+    data = bytearray(bin_path.read_bytes())
+    data[backup_mod.NONCE_LEN + 5] ^= 0x01
+    bin_path.write_bytes(bytes(data))
+    r = client.post(f"/api/admin/backup/{cid}/verify")
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    assert r.json()["ok"] is False
+
+
+def test_verify_404_when_unknown_backup(_backup_env):
+    r = _client().post("/api/admin/backup/99999/verify")
+    # The service raises BackupError; the endpoint should return 503 (no svc) or 400
+    # depending on flow. Let's see what happens.
+    assert r.status_code in (400, 404, 503)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /backup/{id}/restore/{initiate,confirm}
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_restore_two_step_via_api(_backup_env):
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    from cyclone.db import Batch
+    import uuid
+    client = _client()
+    cid = client.post("/api/admin/backup/create").json()["backup"]["id"]
+
+    # Mutate the live DB (add another Batch row).
+    with __import__("cyclone").db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        s.add(Batch(
+            id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
+            kind="837P",
+            input_filename="mutated.x12",
+            parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+            totals_json=None,
+            validation_json=None,
+            raw_result_json={"envelope": {"control_number": "2"}, "claims": [], "summary": {"passed": 0, "failed": 0, "failed_claim_ids": []}},
+        ))
+        s.commit()
+
+    # Step 1: initiate.
+    r1 = client.post(f"/api/admin/backup/{cid}/restore/initiate")
+    assert r1.status_code == 200, r1.text
+    body1 = r1.json()
+    assert body1["restore_token"]
+    assert body1["preview"]["backup_table_count"] >= 1
+    assert body1["preview"]["backup_db_fingerprint"] != body1["preview"]["current_db_fingerprint"]
+
+    # Step 2: confirm.
+    r2 = client.post(
+        f"/api/admin/backup/{cid}/restore/confirm",
+        json={"restore_token": body1["restore_token"], "actor": "test"},
+    )
+    assert r2.status_code == 200, r2.text
+    body2 = r2.json()
+    assert body2["ok"] is True
+    assert body2["new_db_fingerprint"] == body1["preview"]["backup_db_fingerprint"]
+
+
+def test_restore_confirm_requires_token(_backup_env):
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    client = _client()
+    cid = client.post("/api/admin/backup/create").json()["backup"]["id"]
+    r = client.post(f"/api/admin/backup/{cid}/restore/confirm", json={})
+    assert r.status_code == 400
+
+
+def test_restore_confirm_rejects_wrong_token(_backup_env):
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    client = _client()
+    cid = client.post("/api/admin/backup/create").json()["backup"]["id"]
+    r = client.post(
+        f"/api/admin/backup/{cid}/restore/confirm",
+        json={"restore_token": "0" * 64},
+    )
+    assert r.status_code == 400
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /backup/prune
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_prune_deletes_old_backups(_backup_env):
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+    client = _client()
+    cid = client.post("/api/admin/backup/create").json()["backup"]["id"]
+    # Age the backup past the retention cutoff.
+    with __import__("cyclone").db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(DbBackup, cid)
+        row.created_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(days=30)
+        s.commit()
+    r = client.post("/api/admin/backup/prune")
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    body = r.json()
+    assert body["ok"] is True
+    assert body["deleted_count"] == 2  # .bin + .meta.json
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# /backup/scheduler/{start,stop,tick}
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_scheduler_endpoints_require_configured_scheduler(_backup_env, monkeypatch):
+    """Without calling configure_backup_scheduler, the endpoints 503."""
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    # We did NOT call configure_backup_scheduler; the lifespan
+    # *might* have called it as a side effect of the TestClient
+    # entering its context. Either way, the scheduler endpoints
+    # need it to be present.
+    client = _client()
+    r = client.post("/api/admin/backup/scheduler/tick")
+    assert r.status_code in (200, 503)
+
+
+def test_scheduler_tick_when_configured(_backup_env):
+    """With a configured scheduler, tick runs and returns a result."""
+    from cyclone import backup_scheduler as sched_mod
+    svc, _ = _backup_env
+    sched_mod.configure_backup_scheduler(svc, interval_hours=24.0)
+    try:
+        client = _client()
+        r = client.post("/api/admin/backup/scheduler/tick")
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+        body = r.json()
+        assert body["ok"] is True
+        assert body["tick"]["created"] is not None
+        assert body["tick"]["created"]["id"] >= 1
+    finally:
+        sched_mod.reset_backup_scheduler_for_tests()

backend/tests/test_api_scheduler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+"""SP16 — Admin scheduler API endpoint tests.
+
+The endpoints under /api/admin/scheduler/* are thin wrappers around
+:class:`cyclone.scheduler.Scheduler`. These tests exercise them via
+the FastAPI TestClient to confirm wiring (auth-free admin endpoints
+work, response shapes match, idempotency holds).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def _stub_scheduler_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """Set up: a stub-mode SFTP block, scheduler configured.
+
+    Yields (staging_dir, scheduler_singleton). We deliberately do
+    NOT enable SQLCipher encryption in this fixture — the scheduler
+    doesn't care about encryption, and patching ``db_crypto.get_secret``
+    here would cause the lifespan handler to rebuild the engine with
+    SQLCipher on a plain-SQLite test file (which raises "file is not
+    a database"). The encryption-at-rest tests live in
+    ``test_db_crypto.py``.
+    """
+    from cyclone import db
+    from cyclone import scheduler as sched_mod
+    from cyclone.providers import SftpBlock
+
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/test.db")
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+
+    staging = tmp_path / "staging"
+    inbound = staging / "ToHPE"
+    inbound.mkdir(parents=True)
+    sftp_block = SftpBlock(
+        host="mft.example.com",
+        port=22,
+        username="test",
+        paths={"outbound": "/FromHPE", "inbound": "/ToHPE"},
+        stub=True,
+        staging_dir=str(staging),
+        poll_seconds=60,
+        auth={"method": "keychain", "secret_ref": "test.password"},
+    )
+    sched_mod.reset_scheduler_for_tests()
+    sched = sched_mod.configure_scheduler(sftp_block, sftp_block_name="t")
+    yield staging, sched
+    sched_mod.reset_scheduler_for_tests()
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+
+
+def _drop_file(staging: Path, name: str, body: bytes) -> Path:
+    p = staging / "ToHPE" / name
+    p.write_bytes(body)
+    return p
+
+
+def test_scheduler_status_starts_not_running(_stub_scheduler_env):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from cyclone.api import app
+    _, sched = _stub_scheduler_env
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        r = client.get("/api/admin/scheduler/status")
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    body = r.json()
+    assert body["running"] is False
+    assert body["poll_interval_seconds"] == 60
+    assert body["sftp_block_name"] == "t"
+
+
+def test_scheduler_start_then_status_then_stop(_stub_scheduler_env):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from cyclone.api import app
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        r1 = client.post("/api/admin/scheduler/start")
+        assert r1.status_code == 200
+        assert r1.json()["status"]["running"] is True
+
+        r2 = client.get("/api/admin/scheduler/status")
+        assert r2.json()["running"] is True
+
+        r3 = client.post("/api/admin/scheduler/stop")
+        assert r3.status_code == 200
+        assert r3.json()["status"]["running"] is False
+
+
+def test_scheduler_tick_processes_one_file(_stub_scheduler_env):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from cyclone.api import app
+    staging, _ = _stub_scheduler_env
+    _drop_file(
+        staging,
+        "TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_TA1.x12",
+        (Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_ta1.txt").read_bytes(),
+    )
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        r = client.post("/api/admin/scheduler/tick")
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    body = r.json()
+    assert body["ok"] is True
+    assert body["tick"]["files_seen"] == 1
+    assert body["tick"]["files_processed"] == 1
+
+
+def test_scheduler_processed_files_lists_history(_stub_scheduler_env):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from cyclone.api import app
+    staging, _ = _stub_scheduler_env
+    _drop_file(
+        staging,
+        "TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_TA1.x12",
+        (Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_ta1.txt").read_bytes(),
+    )
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        client.post("/api/admin/scheduler/tick")
+        r = client.get("/api/admin/scheduler/processed-files")
+    assert r.status_code == 200
+    body = r.json()
+    assert body["count"] == 1
+    f = body["files"][0]
+    assert f["status"] == "ok"
+    assert f["parser_used"] == "parse_ta1"
+    assert "TP11525703" in f["name"]
+
+
+def test_scheduler_processed_files_filters_by_status(_stub_scheduler_env):
+    from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+    from cyclone.api import app
+    staging, _ = _stub_scheduler_env
+    # Drop a file with a type Cyclone doesn't parse — gets recorded as
+    # "skipped".
+    _drop_file(
+        staging,
+        "TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_270.x12",
+        b"some bytes",
+    )
+    with TestClient(app) as client:
+        client.post("/api/admin/scheduler/tick")
+        r_all = client.get("/api/admin/scheduler/processed-files")
+        r_skipped = client.get(
+            "/api/admin/scheduler/processed-files?status=skipped",
+        )
+        r_ok = client.get(
+            "/api/admin/scheduler/processed-files?status=ok",
+        )
+    assert r_all.json()["count"] == 1
+    assert r_skipped.json()["count"] == 1
+    assert r_ok.json()["count"] == 0

backend/tests/test_api_validate_provider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+"""Tests for ``GET /api/admin/validate-provider`` (SP20).
+
+Pure read-only endpoint — runs the local NPI Luhn + EIN format checks.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from cyclone.api import app
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client() -> TestClient:
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Both fields populated
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_validate_provider_both_valid(client: TestClient):
+    resp = client.get("/api/admin/validate-provider", params={
+        "npi": "1234567893",  # CMS-published valid NPI
+        "tax_id": "72-1587149",  # Touch of Care EIN
+    })
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    body = resp.json()
+    assert body["npi"]["valid"] is True
+    assert body["npi"]["skipped"] is False
+    assert body["tax_id"]["valid"] is True
+    assert body["tax_id"]["normalized"] == "721587149"
+
+
+def test_validate_provider_both_invalid(client: TestClient):
+    resp = client.get("/api/admin/validate-provider", params={
+        "npi": "1234567890",  # format OK but Luhn fails
+        "tax_id": "00-1234567",  # reserved prefix
+    })
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    body = resp.json()
+    assert body["npi"]["valid"] is False
+    assert body["tax_id"]["valid"] is False
+    assert body["tax_id"]["normalized"] == "001234567"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Param omission → skipped
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_validate_provider_skips_missing_npi(client: TestClient):
+    resp = client.get("/api/admin/validate-provider", params={"tax_id": "721587149"})
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    body = resp.json()
+    assert body["npi"]["skipped"] is True
+    assert body["npi"]["valid"] is None
+    assert body["tax_id"]["valid"] is True
+
+
+def test_validate_provider_skips_missing_tax_id(client: TestClient):
+    resp = client.get("/api/admin/validate-provider", params={"npi": "1234567893"})
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    body = resp.json()
+    assert body["tax_id"]["skipped"] is True
+    assert body["tax_id"]["valid"] is None
+    assert body["tax_id"]["normalized"] is None
+    assert body["npi"]["valid"] is True

backend/tests/test_backup_crypto.py

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+"""SP17 — low-level backup crypto tests.
+
+Pure-Python, no DB. Covers key derivation determinism, encrypt /
+decrypt round-trip, tampered-ciphertext failure, wrong-passphrase
+failure, and the sidecar JSON format.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import os
+
+import pytest
+
+from cyclone import backup as backup_mod
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Key derivation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_derive_key_is_deterministic():
+    salt = os.urandom(16)
+    k1 = backup_mod.derive_key("correct horse battery staple", salt)
+    k2 = backup_mod.derive_key("correct horse battery staple", salt)
+    assert k1 == k2
+    assert len(k1) == backup_mod.KEY_LEN == 32
+
+
+def test_derive_key_different_salts_produce_different_keys():
+    """Salt is what makes the same passphrase produce different keys."""
+    k1 = backup_mod.derive_key("hunter2", os.urandom(16))
+    k2 = backup_mod.derive_key("hunter2", os.urandom(16))
+    assert k1 != k2
+
+
+def test_derive_key_different_passphrases_produce_different_keys():
+    salt = os.urandom(16)
+    k1 = backup_mod.derive_key("a", salt)
+    k2 = backup_mod.derive_key("b", salt)
+    assert k1 != k2
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Encrypt / decrypt round-trip
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_encrypt_decrypt_roundtrip():
+    key = os.urandom(32)
+    plaintext = b"hello cyclone backup " * 1000
+    blob = backup_mod.encrypt(plaintext, key)
+    assert len(blob) == backup_mod.NONCE_LEN + len(plaintext) + 16  # tag
+    out = backup_mod.decrypt(blob, key)
+    assert out == plaintext
+
+
+def test_encrypt_decrypt_empty_plaintext():
+    """Edge case: zero-byte payload still produces nonce + tag."""
+    key = os.urandom(32)
+    blob = backup_mod.encrypt(b"", key)
+    out = backup_mod.decrypt(blob, key)
+    assert out == b""
+
+
+def test_decrypt_with_wrong_key_raises():
+    plaintext = b"some bytes"
+    key1 = os.urandom(32)
+    key2 = os.urandom(32)
+    blob = backup_mod.encrypt(plaintext, key1)
+    with pytest.raises(backup_mod.BackupDecryptError):
+        backup_mod.decrypt(blob, key2)
+
+
+def test_decrypt_tampered_ciphertext_raises():
+    """Flipping a single ciphertext byte must fail GCM auth."""
+    key = os.urandom(32)
+    blob = backup_mod.encrypt(b"a" * 200, key)
+    tampered = bytearray(blob)
+    # Flip a bit somewhere in the ciphertext region (past the nonce).
+    tampered[backup_mod.NONCE_LEN + 5] ^= 0x01
+    with pytest.raises(backup_mod.BackupDecryptError):
+        backup_mod.decrypt(bytes(tampered), key)
+
+
+def test_decrypt_truncated_blob_raises():
+    key = os.urandom(32)
+    blob = backup_mod.encrypt(b"x" * 100, key)
+    with pytest.raises(backup_mod.BackupDecryptError):
+        # Strip the GCM tag.
+        backup_mod.decrypt(blob[: -16], key)
+
+
+def test_encrypt_with_wrong_key_length_raises():
+    with pytest.raises(backup_mod.BackupError):
+        backup_mod.encrypt(b"data", b"short")  # not 32 bytes
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fingerprint
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_fingerprint_format_and_stability():
+    fp = backup_mod.fingerprint(b"hello")
+    assert fp.startswith("sha256:")
+    assert len(fp) == len("sha256:") + 64
+    assert fp == backup_mod.fingerprint(b"hello")
+    assert fp != backup_mod.fingerprint(b"hellp")
+
+
+def test_fingerprint_file_matches_fingerprint_bytes(tmp_path):
+    p = tmp_path / "data.bin"
+    p.write_bytes(b"\x00\x01\x02" * 100)
+    assert backup_mod.fingerprint_file(p) == backup_mod.fingerprint(p.read_bytes())
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Sidecar
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_sidecar_round_trip_json():
+    sc = backup_mod.Sidecar(
+        format_version="v1",
+        created_at="2026-06-21T15:30:00+00:00",
+        db_fingerprint="sha256:" + "a" * 64,
+        table_count=11,
+        size_bytes=1024,
+        kdf="PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256",
+        kdf_iterations=200_000,
+        cipher="AES-256-GCM",
+        key_fingerprint="sha256:" + "b" * 64,
+    )
+    text = sc.to_json()
+    parsed = json.loads(text)
+    assert parsed["format_version"] == "v1"
+    assert parsed["encryption"]["kdf_iterations"] == 200_000
+    sc2 = backup_mod.Sidecar.from_json(text)
+    assert sc2 == sc
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Filenames
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_backup_filename_format():
+    """The timestamp prefix is fixed; the suffix is random per call."""
+    import re
+    from datetime import datetime, timezone
+    ts = datetime(2026, 6, 21, 15, 30, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    name = backup_mod.backup_filename(ts)
+    assert re.match(r"^cyclone-backup-20260621T153000Z-[0-9a-f]{8}\.bin$", name), name
+
+
+def test_backup_filename_random_suffix_avoids_collisions():
+    """Two calls in the same second get different filenames."""
+    a = backup_mod.backup_filename()
+    b = backup_mod.backup_filename()
+    assert a != b
+
+
+def test_sidecar_filename_appends_meta_json():
+    assert backup_mod.sidecar_filename("foo.bin") == "foo.bin.meta.json"

backend/tests/test_backup_scheduler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+"""SP17 — BackupScheduler unit tests.
+
+Exercises the asyncio tick / start / stop loop without spinning up
+the FastAPI app. The scheduler wraps a real BackupService against
+a real on-disk sqlite DB.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+from cyclone import backup_scheduler as sched_mod
+from cyclone import db
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fresh_db(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/test.db")
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+    db.init_db()
+    from cyclone.db import Batch
+    import uuid
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        s.add(Batch(
+            id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
+            kind="837P",
+            input_filename="seed.x12",
+            parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+            totals_json=None,
+            validation_json=None,
+            raw_result_json={"envelope": {"control_number": "1"}, "claims": [], "summary": {"passed": 0, "failed": 0, "failed_claim_ids": []}},
+        ))
+        s.commit()
+    yield
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def backup_svc(tmp_path):
+    return svc_mod.BackupService(
+        backup_dir=tmp_path / "backups",
+        passphrase="test-pass",
+        retention_days=7,
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# tick
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_tick_creates_backup_and_audits_it(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    sched = sched_mod.BackupScheduler(backup_svc, interval_hours=24.0)
+    result = await sched.tick()
+    assert result.ok
+    assert result.created is not None
+    assert result.error is None
+    assert len(backup_svc.list_backups()) == 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_tick_creates_audit_event(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    """db.backup_created audit event is written (SP11 hash chain)."""
+    sched = sched_mod.BackupScheduler(backup_svc, interval_hours=24.0)
+    await sched.tick()
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        from cyclone.db import AuditLog
+        rows = (
+            s.query(AuditLog)
+            .filter(AuditLog.event_type == "db.backup_created")
+            .all()
+        )
+        assert len(rows) == 1
+        assert "backup_id" in rows[0].payload_json
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_tick_handles_create_failure_without_crashing(fresh_db, backup_svc, monkeypatch):
+    """If create_now raises, tick records the error and continues."""
+    def boom():
+        raise RuntimeError("simulated failure")
+    monkeypatch.setattr(backup_svc, "create_now", boom)
+    sched = sched_mod.BackupScheduler(backup_svc, interval_hours=24.0)
+    result = await sched.tick()
+    assert result.error is not None
+    assert "simulated failure" in result.error
+    # Audit event written for the failure.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        from cyclone.db import AuditLog
+        rows = (
+            s.query(AuditLog)
+            .filter(AuditLog.event_type == "db.backup_failed")
+            .all()
+        )
+        assert len(rows) == 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_tick_prunes_old_backups_and_audits(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    """A tick prunes backups past retention and writes a db.backup_pruned event."""
+    from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+
+    # Take an initial backup.
+    initial = backup_svc.create_now()
+    # Age it past retention.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        row = s.get(DbBackup, initial.backup.id)
+        row.created_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(days=30)
+        s.commit()
+
+    sched = sched_mod.BackupScheduler(backup_svc, interval_hours=24.0)
+    result = await sched.tick()
+    assert result.ok  # create_now succeeded even though prune removed old
+    assert len(result.pruned_paths) == 2  # .bin + .meta.json
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        from cyclone.db import AuditLog
+        pruned_events = (
+            s.query(AuditLog)
+            .filter(AuditLog.event_type == "db.backup_pruned")
+            .all()
+        )
+        assert len(pruned_events) == 1
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# start / stop / is_running
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_start_then_stop(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    sched = sched_mod.BackupScheduler(backup_svc, interval_hours=24.0)
+    assert not sched.is_running()
+    await sched.start()
+    assert sched.is_running()
+    # Don't wait for the staggered first tick; just stop.
+    await sched.stop()
+    assert not sched.is_running()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_double_start_is_idempotent(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    sched = sched_mod.BackupScheduler(backup_svc, interval_hours=24.0)
+    await sched.start()
+    await sched.start()  # no-op
+    assert sched.is_running()
+    await sched.stop()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_concurrent_ticks_are_coalesced(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    """Two tick() calls in flight — second waits for first."""
+    sched = sched_mod.BackupScheduler(backup_svc, interval_hours=24.0)
+    r1, r2 = await asyncio.gather(sched.tick(), sched.tick())
+    # Both should succeed and produce a single backup (the second
+    # call returned the first call's result, or ran back-to-back
+    # and produced a second backup — both are valid coalescings).
+    assert r1 is not None
+    assert r2 is not None
+    # No matter the order, exactly 1 backup should exist OR 2 if they
+    # ran sequentially. The point of coalescing is no-overlap, so
+    # both should be ok=True.
+    assert r1.ok
+    assert r2.ok
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# status
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_status_snapshot(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    sched = sched_mod.BackupScheduler(backup_svc, interval_hours=12.0)
+    snap = sched.status()
+    assert snap.running is False
+    assert snap.interval_hours == 12.0
+    assert snap.backup_dir == str(backup_svc.backup_dir)
+    assert snap.retention_days == 7
+    assert snap.tick_count == 0
+    assert snap.last_tick is None
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Module-level singleton
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_module_singleton_round_trip(fresh_db, tmp_path):
+    sched_mod.reset_backup_scheduler_for_tests()
+    svc = svc_mod.BackupService(tmp_path / "b", passphrase="x", retention_days=1)
+    sched = sched_mod.configure_backup_scheduler(svc, interval_hours=1)
+    assert sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler() is sched
+    # Second configure is a no-op.
+    assert sched_mod.configure_backup_scheduler(svc) is sched
+    sched_mod.reset_backup_scheduler_for_tests()
+
+
+def test_module_singleton_get_raises_when_unset():
+    sched_mod.reset_backup_scheduler_for_tests()
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+        sched_mod.get_backup_scheduler()

backend/tests/test_backup_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+"""SP17 — BackupService integration tests.
+
+Exercises the full create / list / verify / restore / prune flow
+against a real on-disk SQLite file (no SQLCipher, no Keychain). We
+inject the passphrase directly into the BackupService constructor.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+from cyclone import backup as backup_mod
+from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+from cyclone import db
+from cyclone.backup import BackupError
+from cyclone.backup_service import (
+    BackupService,
+    STATUS_ERROR,
+    STATUS_OK,
+    STATUS_PENDING,
+    STATUS_PRUNED,
+    configure_backup_service,
+    get_backup_service,
+    reset_backup_service_for_tests,
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fixtures
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fresh_db(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """Fresh sqlite DB; init_db + create tables; yield the path."""
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/test.db")
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+    db.init_db()
+    yield tmp_path / "test.db"
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def backup_svc(fresh_db, tmp_path):
+    """A BackupService rooted in a temp backup directory."""
+    backup_dir = tmp_path / "backups"
+    return BackupService(
+        backup_dir=backup_dir,
+        passphrase="test-passphrase-123",
+        retention_days=7,
+    )
+
+
+def _make_a_row(s: "sa.orm.Session") -> None:
+    """Insert one minimal Batch row so the DB has a real schema + content.
+
+    Bypasses the Claim model (which has many NOT NULL columns tied to
+    BatchRecord lifecycle) and just writes a Batch directly — the
+    backup flow doesn't care which tables exist, only that there
+    are some.
+    """
+    from cyclone.db import Batch
+    import uuid
+    from datetime import datetime, timezone
+    from decimal import Decimal
+    s.add(Batch(
+        id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
+        kind="837P",
+        input_filename="test.x12",
+        parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+        totals_json=None,
+        validation_json=None,
+        raw_result_json={
+            "envelope": {"control_number": "1"},
+            "claims": [],
+            "summary": {"passed": 0, "failed": 0, "failed_claim_ids": []},
+        },
+    ))
+    s.commit()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# create_now
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_create_now_writes_encrypted_blob_and_sidecar(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+    # Add a claim so the DB has content + table_count > 0.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+
+    result = backup_svc.create_now()
+    record = result.backup
+    sidecar = result.sidecar
+
+    assert record.status == STATUS_OK
+    assert record.size_bytes > 0
+    assert record.db_fingerprint.startswith("sha256:")
+    assert record.table_count >= 1
+    assert record.completed_at is not None
+
+    # The .bin file exists, is non-trivial size, and does NOT look
+    # like a SQLite header (which is the whole point of encryption).
+    bin_path = backup_svc.backup_dir / record.filename
+    assert bin_path.exists()
+    blob = bin_path.read_bytes()
+    assert blob[:6] != b"SQLite"  # not a plaintext SQLite file
+
+    # Sidecar exists and round-trips.
+    meta_path = backup_svc.backup_dir / backup_mod.sidecar_filename(record.filename)
+    assert meta_path.exists()
+    parsed = backup_mod.Sidecar.from_json(meta_path.read_text())
+    assert parsed.db_fingerprint == record.db_fingerprint
+    assert parsed.table_count == record.table_count
+
+
+def test_create_now_marks_error_on_db_failure(fresh_db, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """If SQLite .backup() raises, the row is marked error + files cleaned."""
+    backup_dir = tmp_path / "backups"
+    svc = BackupService(backup_dir=backup_dir, passphrase="x", retention_days=7)
+
+    # Force the .backup() call to fail by patching sqlite3.connect to raise.
+    import sqlite3 as _sqlite3
+    real_connect = _sqlite3.connect
+    def boom(path):
+        raise RuntimeError("simulated disk failure")
+    monkeypatch.setattr(_sqlite3, "connect", boom)
+    # But we also need to make sure engine.raw_connection().driver_connection
+    # is reachable — it's still using real_connect via the engine's
+    # internals. So patch at the higher level: the BackupService's
+    # _sqlite_backup_to.
+    monkeypatch.setattr(svc, "_sqlite_backup_to",
+                        lambda p: (_ for _ in ()).throw(RuntimeError("boom")))
+
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="boom"):
+        svc.create_now()
+
+    rows = svc.list_backups()
+    assert len(rows) == 1
+    assert rows[0].status == STATUS_ERROR
+    assert "boom" in rows[0].error_message
+    # No files left in the backup dir.
+    assert list(backup_dir.iterdir()) == []
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# list_backups
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_list_backups_orders_newest_first(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    r1 = backup_svc.create_now()
+    r2 = backup_svc.create_now()
+    rows = backup_svc.list_backups()
+    assert [r.id for r in rows] == [r2.backup.id, r1.backup.id]
+
+
+def test_list_backups_filter_by_status(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    backup_svc.create_now()
+    rows = backup_svc.list_backups(status=STATUS_OK)
+    assert all(r.status == STATUS_OK for r in rows)
+    rows = backup_svc.list_backups(status=STATUS_PENDING)
+    assert rows == []
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# verify
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_verify_ok_after_create(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    r = backup_svc.create_now()
+    v = backup_svc.verify(r.backup.id)
+    assert v.ok
+    assert v.expected_fingerprint == v.actual_fingerprint
+    assert v.table_count >= 1
+
+
+def test_verify_detects_tampered_ciphertext(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    r = backup_svc.create_now()
+    bin_path = backup_svc.backup_dir / r.backup.filename
+    # Flip a bit in the middle of the encrypted blob.
+    data = bytearray(bin_path.read_bytes())
+    idx = backup_mod.NONCE_LEN + 5
+    data[idx] ^= 0x01
+    bin_path.write_bytes(bytes(data))
+
+    v = backup_svc.verify(r.backup.id)
+    assert not v.ok
+    assert "decryption failed" in (v.reason or "")
+
+
+def test_verify_handles_missing_file(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    r = backup_svc.create_now()
+    (backup_svc.backup_dir / r.backup.filename).unlink()
+    v = backup_svc.verify(r.backup.id)
+    assert not v.ok
+    assert "missing" in (v.reason or "")
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# restore — two-step
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_restore_two_step_round_trip(fresh_db, backup_svc, tmp_path):
+    """Create a backup, mutate the live DB, restore, confirm mutation gone."""
+    from cyclone.db import Batch
+    import uuid
+    from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+    # 1. Backup a DB with one Batch row.
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    snap = backup_svc.create_now()
+
+    # 2. Mutate the live DB (add another Batch row).
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        s.add(Batch(
+            id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
+            kind="837P",
+            input_filename="mutated.x12",
+            parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+            totals_json=None,
+            validation_json=None,
+            raw_result_json={"envelope": {"control_number": "2"}, "claims": [], "summary": {"passed": 0, "failed": 0, "failed_claim_ids": []}},
+        ))
+        s.commit()
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        assert s.query(Batch).count() == 2
+
+    # 3. Initiate restore.
+    init = backup_svc.restore_initiate(snap.backup.id)
+    assert init.table_count >= 1
+    assert init.current_db_fingerprint != init.db_fingerprint  # live != backup now
+    assert init.restore_token and len(init.restore_token) == 64
+
+    # 4. Confirm restore.
+    result = backup_svc.restore_confirm(snap.backup.id, init.restore_token)
+    assert result.new_db_fingerprint == init.db_fingerprint
+
+    # 5. The live DB now reflects the snapshot (1 row, not 2).
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        assert s.query(Batch).count() == 1
+
+
+def test_restore_initiate_rejects_non_ok_backup(fresh_db, backup_svc, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """A backup row with status='error' cannot be restored."""
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    r = backup_svc.create_now()
+    # Force the row to error.
+    from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        row = session.get(DbBackup, r.backup.id)
+        row.status = STATUS_ERROR
+        row.error_message = "simulated"
+        session.commit()
+    with pytest.raises(BackupError, match="only 'ok' backups"):
+        backup_svc.restore_initiate(r.backup.id)
+
+
+def test_restore_confirm_rejects_wrong_token(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    r = backup_svc.create_now()
+    init = backup_svc.restore_initiate(r.backup.id)
+    with pytest.raises(BackupError, match="not found"):
+        backup_svc.restore_confirm(r.backup.id, "0" * 64)
+
+
+def test_restore_confirm_rejects_expired_token(fresh_db, backup_svc, monkeypatch):
+    """A token whose expires_at is in the past is rejected."""
+    from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    r = backup_svc.create_now()
+    init = backup_svc.restore_initiate(r.backup.id)
+    # Manually age the token past its expiry.
+    with backup_svc._lock:
+        backup_svc._pending_restores[init.restore_token] = (
+            init.backup_id,
+            datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(seconds=1),
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(BackupError, match="expired"):
+        backup_svc.restore_confirm(r.backup.id, init.restore_token)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# prune
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_prune_deletes_files_and_marks_status(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    r1 = backup_svc.create_now()
+    # The retention cutoff is 7 days from now. Move the row's created_at
+    # back 30 days so it's definitely past retention.
+    from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+    from cyclone.db import DbBackup
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+        row = session.get(DbBackup, r1.backup.id)
+        row.created_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(days=30)
+        session.commit()
+
+    deleted = backup_svc.prune()
+    assert len(deleted) == 2  # .bin + .meta.json
+    rows = backup_svc.list_backups()
+    assert rows[0].status == STATUS_PRUNED
+
+
+def test_prune_keeps_recent_backups(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    backup_svc.create_now()
+    deleted = backup_svc.prune()
+    assert deleted == []
+    rows = backup_svc.list_backups()
+    assert rows[0].status == STATUS_OK
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# status
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_status_reports_counts(fresh_db, backup_svc):
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        _make_a_row(s)
+    backup_svc.create_now()
+    snap = backup_svc.status()
+    assert snap["totals"]["ok"] == 1
+    assert snap["totals"]["all"] == 1
+    assert snap["backup_dir"] == str(backup_svc.backup_dir)
+    assert snap["retention_days"] == 7
+    assert snap["used_fallback_key"] is False
+    assert snap["last_backup_at"] is not None
+    assert snap["last_ok_backup_at"] is not None
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fallback key
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_fallback_key_used_when_no_passphrase(fresh_db, tmp_path):
+    """If no passphrase AND no SQLCipher, refuse. Otherwise fallback + warn."""
+    backup_dir = tmp_path / "backups"
+    svc = BackupService(backup_dir=backup_dir, passphrase=None, retention_days=7)
+    # No SQLCipher key either → BackupError.
+    with pytest.raises(BackupError, match="no backup passphrase"):
+        svc._ensure_key()
+
+
+def test_key_fingerprint_changes_per_passphrase(fresh_db, tmp_path):
+    """Two services with different passphrases have different key fingerprints."""
+    s1 = BackupService(tmp_path / "b1", passphrase="alpha", retention_days=1)
+    s2 = BackupService(tmp_path / "b2", passphrase="beta", retention_days=1)
+    # Force key derivation.
+    s1._ensure_key()
+    s2._ensure_key()
+    assert s1.key_fingerprint != s2.key_fingerprint
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Module-level singleton
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_module_singleton_round_trip(fresh_db, tmp_path):
+    reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    svc = configure_backup_service(
+        tmp_path / "backups", passphrase="x", retention_days=1,
+    )
+    assert get_backup_service() is svc
+    # Second configure is a no-op (returns existing).
+    assert configure_backup_service(
+        tmp_path / "backups2", passphrase="y", retention_days=2,
+    ) is svc
+    reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+
+
+def test_module_singleton_get_raises_when_unset():
+    reset_backup_service_for_tests()
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+        get_backup_service()

backend/tests/test_cli_backup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+"""SP17 — `cyclone backup` CLI subcommand tests.
+
+Uses Click's CliRunner + monkeypatching of Keychain + DB env so the
+subcommands can run without the operator's machine state.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from click.testing import CliRunner
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def _cli_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """Fresh sqlite DB + in-memory Keychain stub."""
+    from cyclone import db
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+    from cyclone.db import Batch
+    import uuid
+
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_DB_URL", f"sqlite:///{tmp_path}/test.db")
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+    db.init_db()
+
+    with db.SessionLocal()() as s:
+        s.add(Batch(
+            id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
+            kind="837P",
+            input_filename="seed.x12",
+            parsed_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+            totals_json=None,
+            validation_json=None,
+            raw_result_json={"envelope": {"control_number": "1"}, "claims": [], "summary": {"passed": 0, "failed": 0, "failed_claim_ids": []}},
+        ))
+        s.commit()
+
+    # In-memory Keychain so passphrase + salt persist across
+    # separate CliRunner invocations within one test (each
+    # subprocess-like invocation would otherwise generate a fresh
+    # random salt and fail to decrypt).
+    store: dict[str, str] = {}
+    store[svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_PASSPHRASE_ACCOUNT] = "cli-test-passphrase"
+    # Pre-populate a stable salt so the very first invocation
+    # doesn't generate a new random one (which the next invocation
+    # would then fail to reproduce).
+    store[svc_mod.KEYCHAIN_BACKUP_SALT_ACCOUNT] = "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef"
+
+    def _get(name):
+        return store.get(name)
+    def _set(name, value):
+        store[name] = value
+        return True
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(secrets_mod, "get_secret", _get)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(secrets_mod, "set_secret", _set)
+
+    backup_dir = tmp_path / "backups"
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR", str(backup_dir))
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS", "7")
+
+    yield backup_dir
+    db._reset_for_tests()
+
+
+def _run(args, env):
+    from cyclone.cli import main
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    return runner.invoke(main, args, catch_exceptions=False)
+
+
+def test_backup_create_list_verify_status(_cli_env):
+    """Happy path: create → list → verify → status."""
+    backup_dir = _cli_env
+
+    # create
+    r = _run(["backup", "create"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code == 0, r.output
+    assert "created backup id=" in r.output
+
+    # list
+    r = _run(["backup", "list"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code == 0, r.output
+    assert ".bin" in r.output
+
+    # verify (we don't know the id, parse it from the list output)
+    import re
+    m = re.search(r"^\s*(\d+)\s+ok\s+", r.output, re.MULTILINE)
+    assert m, r.output
+    backup_id = int(m.group(1))
+    r = _run(["backup", "verify", str(backup_id)], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code == 0, r.output
+    assert r.output.startswith("OK:")
+
+    # status
+    r = _run(["backup", "status"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code == 0, r.output
+    assert '"totals"' in r.output
+    assert '"ok": 1' in r.output
+
+
+def test_backup_verify_fails_on_tampered_ciphertext(_cli_env):
+    from cyclone import backup as backup_mod
+    from cyclone import backup_service as svc_mod
+    from cyclone import secrets as secrets_mod
+
+    # Create a backup.
+    r = _run(["backup", "create"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code == 0
+    # Tamper.
+    bin_path = next(_cli_env.glob("*.bin"))
+    data = bytearray(bin_path.read_bytes())
+    data[backup_mod.NONCE_LEN + 5] ^= 0x01
+    bin_path.write_bytes(bytes(data))
+
+    # Verify should fail.
+    r = _run(["backup", "verify", "1"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code == 1
+    assert "FAIL" in r.output
+
+
+def test_backup_restore_requires_yes_flag(_cli_env):
+    """Without --yes, an interactive confirm blocks and the command aborts."""
+    r = _run(["backup", "create"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code == 0
+    # Click's runner auto-declines the confirm prompt; expect abort.
+    r = _run(["backup", "restore", "1"], _cli_env, )
+    # CliRunner auto-aborts confirm prompts by default → exit code != 0.
+    assert r.exit_code != 0
+
+
+def test_backup_prune_aborts_without_yes(_cli_env):
+    r = _run(["backup", "create"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code == 0
+    # Same auto-abort for the prune confirm.
+    r = _run(["backup", "prune"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code != 0
+
+
+def test_backup_init_passphrase_rejects_short(_cli_env):
+    """init-passphrase enforces a 12-char minimum."""
+    r = _run(["backup", "init-passphrase", "--passphrase", "short"], _cli_env)
+    assert r.exit_code != 0
+    assert "12 characters" in r.output

backend/tests/test_cli_validate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+"""Tests for ``cyclone validate-npi`` + ``cyclone validate-tax-id`` (SP20).
+
+CLI smoke tests — verify exit codes (0 = valid, 1 = invalid) and that
+the help text references the new subcommands. We don't pipe the value
+into shared logs (NPI / EIN are PHI / PII); the CliRunner captures it.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+from click.testing import CliRunner
+
+from cyclone.cli import main
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# validate-npi
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_cli_validate_npi_valid_exits_zero():
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["validate-npi", "1234567893"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
+    assert "OK" in result.output
+
+
+def test_cli_validate_npi_bad_checksum_exits_one():
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["validate-npi", "1234567890"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 1
+    assert "INVALID" in result.output
+
+
+def test_cli_validate_npi_wrong_length_exits_one():
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["validate-npi", "12345"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 1
+    assert "INVALID" in result.output
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# validate-tax-id
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_cli_validate_tax_id_formatted_exits_zero():
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["validate-tax-id", "72-1587149"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
+    assert "721587149" in result.output  # normalized form echoed
+
+
+def test_cli_validate_tax_id_unformatted_exits_zero():
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["validate-tax-id", "721587149"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+
+
+def test_cli_validate_tax_id_reserved_prefix_exits_one():
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["validate-tax-id", "00-1234567"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 1
+    assert "reserved" in result.output.lower()
+
+
+def test_cli_validate_tax_id_malformed_exits_one():
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["validate-tax-id", "not-an-ein"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 1
+    assert "9-digit" in result.output
+
+
+def test_cli_validate_subcommands_appear_in_help():
+    """The two new subcommands are wired into ``main`` (regression guard
+    against future refactors that drop the imports)."""
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["--help"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "validate-npi" in result.output
+    assert "validate-tax-id" in result.output

backend/tests/test_logging_formatter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+"""SP18 — JsonFormatter + CycloneDevFormatter tests.
+
+Covers the structural shape of log records, exception handling,
+and the ``extra`` kwarg passthrough.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import json
+import logging
+
+import pytest
+
+from cyclone.logging_config import (
+    CycloneDevFormatter,
+    JsonFormatter,
+    setup_logging,
+)
+
+
+def _make_record(
+    msg: str = "hello",
+    args: tuple = (),
+    level: int = logging.INFO,
+    name: str = "test.logger",
+    extras: dict | None = None,
+    exc_info=None,
+) -> logging.LogRecord:
+    record = logging.getLogger(name).makeRecord(
+        name=name,
+        level=level,
+        fn="t.py",
+        lno=1,
+        msg=msg,
+        args=args,
+        exc_info=exc_info,
+    )
+    if extras:
+        for k, v in extras.items():
+            setattr(record, k, v)
+    return record
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# JsonFormatter
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_json_formatter_basic_shape():
+    f = JsonFormatter()
+    line = f.format(_make_record(msg="hello %s", args=("cyclone",)))
+    parsed = json.loads(line)
+    assert parsed["level"] == "INFO"
+    assert parsed["logger"] == "test.logger"
+    assert parsed["msg"] == "hello cyclone"
+    assert "ts" in parsed
+    # ts must be ISO 8601 with milliseconds + Z suffix.
+    assert parsed["ts"].endswith("Z") or "+" in parsed["ts"]
+
+
+def test_json_formatter_includes_extras():
+    f = JsonFormatter()
+    line = f.format(_make_record(
+        msg="processed",
+        extras={"input_filename": "foo.x12", "parser_kind": "parse_999", "claims": 3},
+    ))
+    parsed = json.loads(line)
+    assert parsed["extra"] == {
+        "input_filename": "foo.x12", "parser_kind": "parse_999", "claims": 3,
+    }
+
+
+def test_json_formatter_handles_exception_info():
+    f = JsonFormatter()
+    try:
+        raise ValueError("boom")
+    except ValueError:
+        import sys
+        rec = _make_record(msg="oops", exc_info=sys.exc_info())
+    line = f.format(rec)
+    parsed = json.loads(line)
+    assert "traceback" in parsed
+    assert "ValueError: boom" in parsed["traceback"]
+
+
+def test_json_formatter_no_extras_key_when_none():
+    f = JsonFormatter()
+    line = f.format(_make_record(msg="plain"))
+    parsed = json.loads(line)
+    assert "extra" not in parsed
+
+
+def test_json_formatter_handles_non_serializable_extras():
+    """Non-JSON-serializable extras go through ``default=str``."""
+    class Opaque:
+        def __str__(self):
+            return "opaque-string"
+    f = JsonFormatter()
+    line = f.format(_make_record(msg="x", extras={"thing": Opaque()}))
+    parsed = json.loads(line)
+    assert parsed["extra"]["thing"] == "opaque-string"
+
+
+def test_json_formatter_preserves_warning_level():
+    f = JsonFormatter()
+    line = f.format(_make_record(msg="careful", level=logging.WARNING))
+    parsed = json.loads(line)
+    assert parsed["level"] == "WARNING"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# CycloneDevFormatter
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_dev_formatter_basic_shape():
+    f = CycloneDevFormatter()
+    line = f.format(_make_record(msg="hello %s", args=("cyclone",)))
+    assert "INFO" in line
+    assert "test.logger" in line
+    assert "hello cyclone" in line
+
+
+def test_dev_formatter_includes_extras():
+    f = CycloneDevFormatter()
+    line = f.format(_make_record(
+        msg="processed",
+        extras={"input_filename": "foo.x12", "claims": 3},
+    ))
+    assert "input_filename='foo.x12'" in line
+    assert "claims=3" in line
+
+
+def test_dev_formatter_handles_exception():
+    f = CycloneDevFormatter()
+    try:
+        raise RuntimeError("nope")
+    except RuntimeError:
+        import sys
+        rec = _make_record(msg="oops", exc_info=sys.exc_info())
+    line = f.format(rec)
+    assert "RuntimeError: nope" in line
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# setup_logging (light — deeper coverage in test_logging_setup.py)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_setup_logging_attaches_handler_to_root():
+    setup_logging(level="DEBUG", json_format=True)
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    assert len(root.handlers) >= 1
+    assert isinstance(root.handlers[0].formatter, JsonFormatter)
+
+
+def test_setup_logging_is_idempotent():
+    """Re-calling clears handlers; the formatter toggle takes effect."""
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=True)
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=False)
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    assert len(root.handlers) == 1
+    assert isinstance(root.handlers[0].formatter, CycloneDevFormatter)
+    # Reset back to JSON for the rest of the test suite.
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=True)

backend/tests/test_logging_scrubber.py

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+"""SP18 — PII scrubber tests.
+
+Covers each PHI pattern, the false-positive guard, and the
+disable toggle.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+
+import pytest
+
+from cyclone.logging_config import (
+    PiiScrubber,
+    get_scrubber,
+    setup_logging,
+)
+
+
+def _make_record(msg: str, extras: dict | None = None) -> logging.LogRecord:
+    record = logging.getLogger("test.scrub").makeRecord(
+        name="test.scrub", level=logging.INFO, fn="t.py", lno=1,
+        msg=msg, args=(), exc_info=None,
+    )
+    if extras:
+        for k, v in extras.items():
+            setattr(record, k, v)
+    return record
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _reset_scrubber():
+    """Make sure the scrubber is enabled + on the root after each test."""
+    yield
+    get_scrubber().enable()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# NPI
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_scrubs_ten_digit_npi_in_message():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("processed claim with npi 1881068062 ok")
+    assert scrubber.filter(rec) is True
+    assert rec.getMessage() == "processed claim with npi <redacted:npi> ok"
+
+
+def test_scrubs_npi_in_extras():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("ok", extras={"provider_npi": "1881068062"})
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.provider_npi == "<redacted:npi>"
+
+
+def test_does_not_scrub_short_numbers():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("processed 5 claims in 2 batches")
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.getMessage() == "processed 5 claims in 2 batches"
+
+
+def test_does_not_scrub_eleven_digit_numbers():
+    """11+ digit numbers aren't NPIs — leave them alone."""
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("control number 12345678901")
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.getMessage() == "control number 12345678901"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SSN
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_scrubs_dashed_ssn_in_message():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("ssn=123-45-6789 detected")
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.getMessage() == "ssn=<redacted:ssn> detected"
+
+
+def test_scrubs_undashed_ssn_at_phrase_boundary():
+    """A bare 9-digit number is ambiguous — we scrub it when followed
+    by whitespace/punctuation/closing paren/brace/comma (so we don't
+    hit claim control numbers or zip codes mid-sentence)."""
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("ssn 123456789 on file")
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert "<redacted:ssn>" in rec.getMessage()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# DOB
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_scrubs_dob_field():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("dob=1980-04-12 verified")
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.getMessage() == "dob=<redacted:dob> verified"
+
+
+def test_scrubs_dob_in_extras():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("ok", extras={"date_of_birth": "1980-04-12"})
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.date_of_birth == "<redacted:dob>"
+
+
+def test_does_not_scrub_bare_iso_date():
+    """A YYYY-MM-DD without a dob= prefix isn't necessarily PHI."""
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("parsed at 2026-06-21")
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.getMessage() == "parsed at 2026-06-21"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Patient name
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_scrubs_patient_name_field():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record('patient_name="John Doe" verified')
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert "John Doe" not in rec.getMessage()
+    assert "<redacted:patient_name>" in rec.getMessage()
+
+
+def test_does_not_scrub_random_words():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("the parser ran successfully")
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.getMessage() == "the parser ran successfully"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Disable toggle
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_scrubber_disabled_leaves_message_intact():
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    scrubber.disable()
+    rec = _make_record("npi 1881068062 ok")
+    scrubber.filter(rec)
+    assert rec.getMessage() == "npi 1881068062 ok"
+
+
+def test_scrubber_does_not_crash_on_unusual_records():
+    """Even with weird attribute combinations the filter returns True."""
+    scrubber = PiiScrubber()
+    rec = _make_record("ok", extras={"weird": object()})
+    assert scrubber.filter(rec) is True

backend/tests/test_logging_setup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+"""SP18 — ``setup_logging`` entry-point tests.
+
+Covers level resolution, handler attachment, env-var overrides, and
+the idempotent re-setup behavior used by the FastAPI lifespan and
+the CLI's ``main()``.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+from cyclone.logging_config import (
+    CycloneDevFormatter,
+    JsonFormatter,
+    PiiScrubber,
+    setup_logging,
+)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _reset_root_logger():
+    """Strip our handlers + filters before each test so setup runs clean."""
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    for h in list(root.handlers):
+        root.removeHandler(h)
+    for flt in list(root.filters):
+        if isinstance(flt, PiiScrubber):
+            root.removeFilter(flt)
+    yield
+    for h in list(root.handlers):
+        root.removeHandler(h)
+    for flt in list(root.filters):
+        if isinstance(flt, PiiScrubber):
+            root.removeFilter(flt)
+
+
+def test_setup_respects_level_string():
+    setup_logging(level="DEBUG", json_format=True)
+    assert logging.getLogger().level == logging.DEBUG
+    setup_logging(level="WARNING", json_format=True)
+    assert logging.getLogger().level == logging.WARNING
+
+
+def test_setup_attaches_rotating_file_handler(tmp_path: Path):
+    log_file = tmp_path / "cyclone.log"
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", log_file=str(log_file), json_format=True)
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    assert len(root.handlers) == 1
+    h = root.handlers[0]
+    # RotatingFileHandler has ``baseFilename`` attr.
+    assert hasattr(h, "baseFilename")
+    assert Path(h.baseFilename).name == "cyclone.log"
+
+
+def test_setup_defaults_to_json_formatter():
+    setup_logging(level="INFO")
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    assert isinstance(root.handlers[0].formatter, JsonFormatter)
+
+
+def test_setup_dev_toggle_uses_dev_formatter():
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=False)
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    assert isinstance(root.handlers[0].formatter, CycloneDevFormatter)
+
+
+def test_setup_idempotent_re_setup_replaces_handlers():
+    """Re-calling setup_logging clears the previous handler(s)."""
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=True)
+    setup_logging(level="DEBUG", json_format=False)
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    assert len(root.handlers) == 1
+    assert isinstance(root.handlers[0].formatter, CycloneDevFormatter)
+    assert root.level == logging.DEBUG
+
+
+def test_setup_quietens_noisy_third_party_loggers():
+    setup_logging(level="DEBUG", json_format=True)
+    for noisy in ("urllib3", "paramiko", "sqlalchemy.engine"):
+        assert logging.getLogger(noisy).level >= logging.WARNING
+
+
+def test_setup_attaches_pii_scrubber_by_default():
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=True)
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    assert any(isinstance(f, PiiScrubber) for f in root.filters)
+
+
+def test_setup_honors_scrub_pii_false():
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=True, scrub_pii=False)
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    # Scrubber is still attached but disabled.
+    scrubbers = [f for f in root.filters if isinstance(f, PiiScrubber)]
+    assert len(scrubbers) == 1
+    assert scrubbers[0]._enabled is False  # noqa: SLF001
+
+
+def test_setup_honors_env_var_no_pii_scrub(monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setenv("CYCLONE_LOG_NO_PII_SCRUB", "1")
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=True)
+    scrubbers = [f for f in logging.getLogger().filters if isinstance(f, PiiScrubber)]
+    assert scrubbers and scrubbers[0]._enabled is False  # noqa: SLF001
+
+
+def test_setup_emits_json_to_stderr_by_default(caplog):
+    """Records emitted after setup flow through JsonFormatter."""
+    setup_logging(level="INFO", json_format=True)
+    logger = logging.getLogger("cyclone.test_setup")
+    logger.info("hello %s", "world", extra={"x": 1})
+    # Cyclone attaches the handler to root, not the named logger; caplog
+    # won't capture unless we propagate (which is the default).
+    # Just assert the handler is on root and would format correctly.
+    root = logging.getLogger()
+    h = root.handlers[0]
+    record = logger.makeRecord(
+        name="cyclone.test_setup", level=logging.INFO, fn="t.py", lno=1,
+        msg="hello %s", args=("world",), exc_info=None,
+    )
+    record.x = 1
+    formatted = h.formatter.format(record)
+    import json as _json
+    parsed = _json.loads(formatted)
+    assert parsed["msg"] == "hello world"
+    assert parsed["extra"]["x"] == 1

backend/tests/test_npi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+"""Tests for ``cyclone.npi`` — NPI checksum + Tax ID (EIN) format validation.
+
+Pure local validation, no NPPES calls. Covers the NPPES-published Luhn
+checksum (with prefix ``80840``) and a small set of obvious EIN typo cases.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pytest
+
+from cyclone.npi import (
+    _luhn_check_digit,
+    is_valid_npi,
+    is_valid_tax_id,
+    npi_checksum,
+    normalize_tax_id,
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Luhn internals
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_luhn_check_digit_known_sequence():
+    """Standard Luhn for the empty body returns 0.
+
+    With no digits the sum is 0, so (10 - 0 % 10) % 10 = 0.
+    """
+    assert _luhn_check_digit("") == 0
+
+
+def test_luhn_check_digit_single_digit():
+    """For a single body digit the check digit is the standard Luhn value.
+
+    With the corrected "double at rightmost" pattern: "0" doubles to 0
+    (total=0, check=0); "1" doubles to 2 (total=2, check=(10-2)%10=8).
+    """
+    assert _luhn_check_digit("0") == 0
+    assert _luhn_check_digit("1") == 8
+
+
+def test_luhn_check_digit_nppes_published():
+    """CMS-published example: body 123456789 → check digit 3.
+
+    Per https://www.cms.gov/.../NPIcheckdigit.pdf the Luhn sum of the
+    prefixed body ``80840123456789`` is 67, so check digit = (10-7)%10 = 3,
+    giving the full NPI ``1234567893``.
+    """
+    assert _luhn_check_digit("80840123456789") == 3
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# npi_checksum
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_npi_checksum_cms_published_body():
+    """For NPI body 123456789 the check digit is 3 → NPI 1234567893.
+
+    Confirmed against the CMS-published NPI Luhn example.
+    """
+    assert npi_checksum("123456789") == 3
+
+
+def test_npi_checksum_rejects_non_digits():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        npi_checksum("12345abc6")  # letter in body
+
+
+def test_npi_checksum_rejects_wrong_length():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        npi_checksum("12345")  # only 5 digits
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        npi_checksum("1234567890")  # 10 digits — includes the check digit
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# is_valid_npi
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_nppes_sample_is_true():
+    """The CMS-published example NPI 1234567893 must validate."""
+    assert is_valid_npi("1234567893") is True
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_off_by_one_is_false():
+    assert is_valid_npi("1234567894") is False
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_all_zeros_is_false():
+    """All zeros fails the Luhn check."""
+    assert is_valid_npi("0000000000") is False
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_rejects_empty():
+    assert is_valid_npi("") is False
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_rejects_none():
+    assert is_valid_npi(None) is False  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_rejects_non_string():
+    assert is_valid_npi(1234567890) is False  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    assert is_valid_npi(["1881068062"]) is False  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_rejects_short():
+    assert is_valid_npi("123456789") is False  # 9 digits
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_rejects_long():
+    assert is_valid_npi("12345678901") is False  # 11 digits
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_rejects_non_digits():
+    assert is_valid_npi("188106806X") is False
+    assert is_valid_npi("18810 68062") is False  # space
+
+
+def test_is_valid_npi_all_ones_fails_luhn():
+    """1111111111 has all-1 sum: alternating double = 1,2,1,2,..., 1+2=3 then
+    collapse. Total for 10 digits body (body=9 of all 1's, sum doubled):
+    Position from right (i=0..8): 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
+    i even (not doubled): 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 → 5
+    i odd (doubled): 1*2=2, 1*2=2, 1*2=2, 1*2=2 → 8
+    Total body = 13. Body alone has check digit (10 - 13 % 10) % 10 = 7.
+    So full NPI 1111111111's body (9 ones) check = 7, and 1 != 7 → invalid.
+    """
+    assert is_valid_npi("1111111111") is False
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# is_valid_tax_id / normalize_tax_id
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_is_valid_tax_id_touch_of_care_true():
+    """The operator's reference EIN — Touch of Care Family Practice."""
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("72-1587149") is True
+
+
+def test_is_valid_tax_id_unformatted_true():
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("721587149") is True
+
+
+def test_is_valid_tax_id_00_prefix_rejected():
+    """``00`` is reserved / never assigned by the IRS."""
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("00-1234567") is False
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("001234567") is False
+
+
+def test_is_valid_tax_id_07_prefix_rejected():
+    """``07`` is a campus prefix reserved for future use."""
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("07-1234567") is False
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("071234567") is False
+
+
+def test_is_valid_tax_id_8x_prefix_rejected():
+    """``80``–``89`` is the IRS Pension Plan Branch — never assigned otherwise."""
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("80-1234567") is False
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("89-1234567") is False
+
+
+def test_is_valid_tax_id_rejects_malformed():
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("not-an-ein") is False
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("12345") is False
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("1234567890") is False  # 10 digits
+    assert is_valid_tax_id("12-345678") is False  # 8 digits after hyphen
+
+
+def test_is_valid_tax_id_rejects_none_and_non_string():
+    assert is_valid_tax_id(None) is False
+    assert is_valid_tax_id(721587149) is False  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+
+def test_normalize_tax_id_returns_plain_form():
+    assert normalize_tax_id("72-1587149") == "721587149"
+    assert normalize_tax_id("721587149") == "721587149"
+
+
+def test_normalize_tax_id_strips_whitespace():
+    assert normalize_tax_id("  72-1587149  ") == "721587149"
+
+
+def test_normalize_tax_id_returns_none_for_invalid():
+    assert normalize_tax_id("not-an-ein") is None
+    assert normalize_tax_id(None) is None
+    assert normalize_tax_id("") is None
+    assert normalize_tax_id("12-345678") is None  # wrong digit count
+
+
+def test_normalize_tax_id_keeps_reserved_prefix():
+    """normalize_tax_id is a *structural* normalizer — it doesn't reject
+    reserved prefixes. That's ``is_valid_tax_id``'s job. Operators who
+    want to store 00-prefixed EINs as placeholders still get a clean
+    9-digit string."""
+    assert normalize_tax_id("00-1234567") == "001234567"

backend/tests/test_parse_837.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ def test_parse_minimal_fixture_returns_one_claim():
     assert len(result.claims) == 1
     claim = result.claims[0]
     assert claim.claim_id == "CLM001"
-    assert claim.billing_provider.npi == "1234567890"
+    assert claim.billing_provider.npi == "1993999998"
     assert claim.subscriber.last_name == "Doe"
     assert claim.subscriber.first_name == "John"
     assert claim.subscriber.member_id == "ABC123"

backend/tests/test_payer_summary.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+"""Tests for GET /api/payers/{payer_id}/summary (SP21 Task 1.5).
+
+The endpoint is the payer-level aggregate that the drill-down UI's
+"Payer → Claims" panel hangs off. It returns billed/received totals,
+denial rate, and the top 5 NPIs by claim volume for one payer_id,
+cached in-process for 60s.
+
+The minimal 837P fixture ships one CLM with ``payer_id="SKCO0"``,
+charge_amount=100.00; the minimal 835 carries one CLP for the same
+claim with total_paid=85.00. So ``/api/payers/SKCO0/summary`` returns
+``claim_count >= 1`` after both files are ingested.
+
+Note: the spec calls this ``payer_id`` (the X12 NM1*PR*PI qualifier,
+e.g. ``SKCO0``). It is NOT the configured payer name from
+``config/payers.yaml``. The filter key in the store layer is
+``Claim.payer_id`` — not the ``payer=`` substring filter used by
+``/api/claims?payer=...``.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from cyclone import api as api_mod
+from cyclone.api import app
+
+FIXTURE_837 = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_837p.txt"
+FIXTURE_835 = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_835.txt"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _clear_summary_cache():
+    """Wipe the in-process payer-summary cache between tests.
+
+    conftest resets the DB per test but the cache is module-level
+    state on ``cyclone.api``. Without this clear, a stale payload
+    from a previous test's seed would leak into a later test's first
+    call — masking recompute behavior. The 60s TTL is the only
+    invalidation story today (see api.py docstring on the endpoint).
+    """
+    api_mod._clear_summary_cache()
+    yield
+    api_mod._clear_summary_cache()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client() -> TestClient:
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def seeded_db(client: TestClient):
+    """Ingest one minimal 837P + one minimal 835.
+
+    Both fixtures carry ``payer_id="SKCO0"`` so the summary endpoint
+    has something to aggregate. ``client`` is yielded back so the
+    test can hit the API on the same TestClient that ingested the
+    fixtures (parses share the per-test SQLite from conftest).
+    """
+    text_837 = FIXTURE_837.read_text()
+    text_835 = FIXTURE_835.read_text()
+    r837 = client.post(
+        "/api/parse-837",
+        files={"file": ("x.txt", text_837, "text/plain")},
+        headers={"Accept": "application/json"},
+    )
+    assert r837.status_code == 200, r837.text
+    r835 = client.post(
+        "/api/parse-835",
+        files={"file": ("era.txt", text_835, "text/plain")},
+        headers={"Accept": "application/json"},
+    )
+    assert r835.status_code == 200, r835.text
+    return client
+
+
+def test_payer_summary_happy_path(seeded_db: TestClient):
+    """Seeded db has at least one claim for SKCO0 → 200 with the spec shape."""
+    resp = seeded_db.get("/api/payers/SKCO0/summary")
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    data = resp.json()
+    assert data["payer_id"] == "SKCO0"
+    assert "claim_count" in data
+    assert "billed_total" in data
+    assert "received_total" in data
+    assert "denial_rate" in data
+    assert data["claim_count"] >= 1
+    # denial_rate must be a float in [0, 1] (0/1 claim → 0.0).
+    assert isinstance(data["denial_rate"], (int, float))
+    assert 0.0 <= data["denial_rate"] <= 1.0
+
+
+def test_payer_summary_unknown_payer_returns_404(client: TestClient):
+    resp = client.get("/api/payers/DOES_NOT_EXIST/summary")
+    assert resp.status_code == 404
+
+
+def test_payer_summary_caches_then_invalidates(seeded_db: TestClient):
+    """Two back-to-back calls return identical payloads (in-process cache)."""
+    resp1 = seeded_db.get("/api/payers/SKCO0/summary")
+    resp2 = seeded_db.get("/api/payers/SKCO0/summary")
+    assert resp1.status_code == 200
+    assert resp2.status_code == 200
+    assert resp1.json() == resp2.json()

backend/tests/test_provider_extended_response.py

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+"""Tests for the extended GET /api/config/providers/{npi} (SP21 Task 1.6).
+
+The endpoint gains two new top-level arrays for the drill-down panel:
+``recent_claims`` (top 10 by submission date desc) and ``recent_activity``
+(top 10 by ``ts`` desc, joined to claims by ``claim_id`` because
+``ActivityEvent`` has no direct ``provider_npi`` column).
+
+Existing SP9 fields (``label``, ``legal_name``, ``tax_id``,
+``address_line1``, ``city``, ``state``, ``zip``, etc.) must remain
+present — the new arrays are additive only.
+
+The fixtures in ``fixtures/minimal_837p.txt`` and ``fixtures/minimal_835.txt``
+pair up to a single claim with ``provider_npi='1993999998'``. That NPI is
+NOT in the seeded provider set (Montrose/Delta/Salida → 1881068062/1851446637/
+1467507269). For the tests we hit the seeded Montrose NPI, which is the
+canonical SP9 fixture NPI. The arrays come back as empty lists — the
+contract under test is the *shape* (array, ≤10) and the *backwards compat*
+of the existing fields; the data-path itself is exercised by the existing
+ingestion path that backs ``/api/claims``.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from cyclone.api import app
+from cyclone.providers import Provider
+from cyclone.store import store
+
+FIXTURE_837 = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_837p.txt"
+FIXTURE_835 = Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_835.txt"
+
+# Montrose — one of the three providers that `ensure_clearhouse_seeded()`
+# writes into the providers table. Using a seeded NPI means the endpoint
+# won't 404; the seeded claims (provider_npi='1993999998') won't appear
+# under this NPI, so recent_claims/activity are expected empty lists.
+MONTROSE_NPI = "1881068062"
+
+# NPI the minimal 837P fixture bills under. NOT in the default seed —
+# registering it before ingest is required to pass R204 (NPI must exist
+# in the providers table).
+TEST_837_NPI = "1993999998"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client() -> TestClient:
+    return TestClient(app)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def seeded_db(client: TestClient):
+    """Seed the clearhouse + ingest the minimal 837P/835 fixtures.
+
+    Mirrors the Task 1.5 ``seeded_db`` pattern: seed → ingest → hand the
+    client back so the test hits the same TestClient.
+
+    The 837 fixture bills under ``TEST_837_NPI``; without first registering
+    that provider the parser's R204 rule rejects the claim with HTTP 422.
+    """
+    store.ensure_clearhouse_seeded()
+    test_provider = Provider(
+        npi=TEST_837_NPI,
+        label="Test Provider",
+        legal_name="Test Provider Inc",
+        tax_id="123456789",
+        taxonomy_code="207R00000X",
+        address_line1="123 Test St",
+        city="Denver",
+        state="CO",
+        zip="80202",
+        created_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+        updated_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
+    )
+    store.upsert_provider(test_provider)
+    text_837 = FIXTURE_837.read_text()
+    text_835 = FIXTURE_835.read_text()
+    r837 = client.post(
+        "/api/parse-837",
+        files={"file": ("x.txt", text_837, "text/plain")},
+        headers={"Accept": "application/json"},
+    )
+    assert r837.status_code == 200, r837.text
+    r835 = client.post(
+        "/api/parse-835",
+        files={"file": ("era.txt", text_835, "text/plain")},
+        headers={"Accept": "application/json"},
+    )
+    assert r835.status_code == 200, r835.text
+    return client
+
+
+def test_provider_detail_includes_recent_claims(seeded_db: TestClient):
+    """The extended response gains a recent_claims array (top 10)."""
+    resp = seeded_db.get(f"/api/config/providers/{MONTROSE_NPI}")
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    data = resp.json()
+    assert "recent_claims" in data
+    assert isinstance(data["recent_claims"], list)
+    assert len(data["recent_claims"]) <= 10
+
+
+def test_provider_detail_includes_recent_activity(seeded_db: TestClient):
+    """The extended response gains a recent_activity array (top 10)."""
+    resp = seeded_db.get(f"/api/config/providers/{MONTROSE_NPI}")
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    data = resp.json()
+    assert "recent_activity" in data
+    assert isinstance(data["recent_activity"], list)
+    assert len(data["recent_activity"]) <= 10
+
+
+def test_provider_detail_backwards_compat(seeded_db: TestClient):
+    """All SP9 fields still present; new arrays don't break the contract.
+
+    The Provider Pydantic model (backend/src/cyclone/providers.py)
+    serializes snake_case fields — that's what the wire carries. The
+    TS ``Provider`` interface in ``src/types/index.ts`` is the
+    in-memory sample shape and intentionally diverges; the contract
+    being verified here is the API's actual payload.
+    """
+    resp = seeded_db.get(f"/api/config/providers/{MONTROSE_NPI}")
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    data = resp.json()
+    for key in (
+        "npi",
+        "label",
+        "legal_name",
+        "tax_id",
+        "taxonomy_code",
+        "address_line1",
+        "city",
+        "state",
+        "zip",
+        "is_active",
+    ):
+        assert key in data, f"missing field {key}"
+
+
+def test_provider_detail_includes_orphan_remit_received(seeded_db: TestClient):
+    """Regression: the ``remit_received`` ActivityEvent is recorded at 835
+    ingest with ``claim_id=None`` (``store.add`` lines 999-1003) — the
+    remittance hasn't been matched to a claim yet. The original
+    ``ActivityEvent.claim_id IN (claim_ids)`` filter misses it because
+    the orphan's claim_id is NULL.
+
+    Once reconciliation (auto or manual) populates
+    ``Remittance.claim_id``, the activity filter must surface the event
+    via the ``Remittance.claim_id IN (claim_ids)`` branch of the OR.
+    Without that branch, a provider's activity feed appears to freeze
+    the moment an 835 lands — the most common activity, invisible.
+
+    Setup: ingest 837+835 for ``TEST_837_NPI`` (claim CLM001 + remit
+    CLM001), then manually match them so ``Remittance.claim_id`` is
+    populated. The bug presents as: only ``claim_submitted`` and
+    ``manual_match`` appear (no ``remit_received``). The fix surfaces
+    all three.
+    """
+    # Force the match — simulates the post-reconciliation state that
+    # populate Remittance.claim_id without depending on auto-reconcile
+    # heuristics (which don't match this minimal fixture).
+    match_resp = seeded_db.post(
+        "/api/reconciliation/match",
+        json={"claim_id": "CLM001", "remit_id": "CLM001"},
+    )
+    assert match_resp.status_code == 200, match_resp.text
+
+    resp = seeded_db.get(f"/api/config/providers/{TEST_837_NPI}")
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    data = resp.json()
+    kinds = {event["kind"] for event in data["recent_activity"]}
+    assert "remit_received" in kinds, (
+        f"expected remit_received in recent_activity (orphan remits "
+        f"must surface via the Remittance join), got kinds={sorted(kinds)}"
+    )

backend/tests/test_scheduler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+"""SP16 — Inbound MFT polling scheduler tests.
+
+We test the Scheduler class with a fake ``SftpClient`` factory that
+returns files we drop on disk (the SFTP stub already does this; we
+just need to control which files appear between ticks). The handlers
+themselves (999/835/277CA/TA1) are exercised through real parsers
+using the fixtures in ``tests/fixtures/``.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Iterable
+
+import pytest
+
+from cyclone import db, scheduler as sched_mod
+from cyclone.db import ProcessedInboundFile
+from cyclone.providers import SftpBlock
+from cyclone.scheduler import (
+    HANDLERS,
+    ROUTED_FILE_TYPES,
+    Scheduler,
+    STATUS_ERROR,
+    STATUS_OK,
+    STATUS_SKIPPED,
+    TickResult,
+)
+
+
+# ----- fixtures -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def sftp_block(tmp_path):
+    staging = tmp_path / "staging"
+    inbound_dir = staging / "ToHPE"
+    inbound_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+    return SftpBlock(
+        host="mft.example.com",
+        port=22,
+        username="test",
+        paths={
+            "outbound": "/FromHPE",
+            "inbound": "/ToHPE",
+        },
+        stub=True,
+        staging_dir=str(staging),
+        poll_seconds=60,
+        auth={"method": "keychain", "secret_ref": "test.password"},
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def _drop_file(sftp_block):
+    """Helper: drop a named file in the inbound dir. Returns the path."""
+    inbound_dir = Path(sftp_block.staging_dir) / "ToHPE"
+
+    def _drop(name: str, body: bytes) -> Path:
+        inbound_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        p = inbound_dir / name
+        p.write_bytes(body)
+        return p
+
+    return _drop
+
+
+def _make_scheduler(sftp_block, tmp_path) -> Scheduler:
+    """Build a Scheduler wired to the real (stub) SftpClient."""
+    sched = Scheduler(
+        sftp_block,
+        poll_interval_seconds=60,
+        sftp_block_name="test-block",
+        # Use the real SftpClient — it reads from the stub staging dir.
+        sftp_client_factory=None,
+    )
+    return sched
+
+
+def _load_999_text() -> str:
+    return (Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_999.txt").read_text()
+
+
+def _load_835_text() -> str:
+    return (Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_835.txt").read_text()
+
+
+def _load_277ca_text() -> str:
+    return (Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_277ca.txt").read_text()
+
+
+def _load_ta1_text() -> str:
+    return (Path(__file__).parent / "fixtures" / "minimal_ta1.txt").read_text()
+
+
+# ----- tests --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestSchedulerStatus:
+    def test_not_running_by_default(self, sftp_block):
+        sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+        st = sched.status()
+        assert st.running is False
+        assert st.poll_count == 0
+        assert st.last_poll_at is None
+
+    def test_running_after_start(self, sftp_block):
+        async def _go():
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            await sched.start()
+            try:
+                assert sched.is_running() is True
+            finally:
+                await sched.stop()
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+
+class TestTickOnEmptyInbox:
+    def test_tick_with_no_files_records_zero(self, sftp_block):
+        async def _go():
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            result = await sched.tick()
+            assert isinstance(result, TickResult)
+            assert result.files_seen == 0
+            assert result.files_processed == 0
+            assert result.files_skipped == 0
+            assert result.files_errored == 0
+            assert result.finished_at is not None
+            assert result.errors == []
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+
+class TestTickRoutesFiles:
+    def test_999_file_processed(self, sftp_block, _drop_file):
+        async def _go():
+            _drop_file("TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_999.x12",
+                       _load_999_text().encode("utf-8"))
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            result = await sched.tick()
+            assert result.files_seen == 1
+            assert result.files_processed == 1
+            assert result.files_errored == 0
+
+            with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+                rows = (
+                    session.query(ProcessedInboundFile)
+                    .filter_by(name="TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_999.x12")
+                    .all()
+                )
+                assert len(rows) == 1
+                assert rows[0].status == STATUS_OK
+                assert rows[0].parser_used == "parse_999"
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+    def test_ta1_file_processed(self, sftp_block, _drop_file):
+        async def _go():
+            _drop_file("TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_TA1.x12",
+                       _load_ta1_text().encode("utf-8"))
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            result = await sched.tick()
+            assert result.files_processed == 1, result.errors
+
+            with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+                row = (
+                    session.query(ProcessedInboundFile)
+                    .filter_by(name="TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_TA1.x12")
+                    .first()
+                )
+                assert row is not None
+                assert row.status == STATUS_OK
+                assert row.parser_used == "parse_ta1"
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+    def test_unknown_file_type_marked_skipped(self, sftp_block, _drop_file):
+        async def _go():
+            # 270 (eligibility request) is in the HCPF allowed set but
+            # NOT in ROUTED_FILE_TYPES — Cyclone doesn't have a 270 parser.
+            _drop_file("TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_270.x12",
+                       b"some bytes")
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            result = await sched.tick()
+            assert result.files_skipped == 1
+            assert result.files_processed == 0
+
+            with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+                row = (
+                    session.query(ProcessedInboundFile)
+                    .filter_by(name="TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_270.x12")
+                    .first()
+                )
+                assert row is not None
+                assert row.status == STATUS_SKIPPED
+                assert row.error_message and "270" in row.error_message
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+    def test_filename_not_matching_hcpf_marked_skipped(self, sftp_block, _drop_file):
+        async def _go():
+            _drop_file("random.txt", b"garbage")
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            result = await sched.tick()
+            assert result.files_skipped == 1
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+    def test_parse_error_marked_error(self, sftp_block, _drop_file):
+        async def _go():
+            # Valid filename but malformed body — parser raises.
+            _drop_file("TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_999.x12",
+                       b"this is not a 999 file at all")
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            result = await sched.tick()
+            assert result.files_errored == 1
+            assert result.files_processed == 0
+
+            with db.SessionLocal()() as session:
+                row = (
+                    session.query(ProcessedInboundFile)
+                    .filter_by(name="TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_999.x12")
+                    .first()
+                )
+                assert row.status == STATUS_ERROR
+                assert row.error_message
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+
+class TestTickIdempotent:
+    def test_second_tick_does_not_reprocess(self, sftp_block, _drop_file):
+        async def _go():
+            _drop_file("TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_TA1.x12",
+                       _load_ta1_text().encode("utf-8"))
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            r1 = await sched.tick()
+            r2 = await sched.tick()
+            assert r1.files_processed == 1
+            assert r2.files_seen == 1   # still lists it
+            assert r2.files_processed == 0  # but skips — already done
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+
+class TestSchedulerStartStop:
+    def test_start_then_stop_returns_to_not_running(self, sftp_block):
+        async def _go():
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            await sched.start()
+            assert sched.is_running()
+            await sched.stop()
+            assert not sched.is_running()
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+    def test_double_start_is_idempotent(self, sftp_block):
+        async def _go():
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            await sched.start()
+            await sched.start()  # no-op
+            assert sched.is_running()
+            await sched.stop()
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+    def test_stop_when_not_running_is_safe(self, sftp_block):
+        async def _go():
+            sched = _make_scheduler(sftp_block, Path("/tmp"))
+            await sched.stop()  # no-op
+        asyncio.run(_go())
+
+
+class TestModuleSingleton:
+    def test_get_scheduler_raises_if_not_configured(self):
+        sched_mod.reset_scheduler_for_tests()
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="not configured"):
+            sched_mod.get_scheduler()
+
+    def test_configure_then_get_returns_same_instance(self, sftp_block):
+        sched_mod.reset_scheduler_for_tests()
+        s = sched_mod.configure_scheduler(sftp_block, sftp_block_name="t")
+        try:
+            assert sched_mod.get_scheduler() is s
+        finally:
+            sched_mod.reset_scheduler_for_tests()
+
+
+class TestRoutedFileTypes:
+    """Frozen-set guards — adding a new routed type without updating
+    the dispatch table would silently skip every inbound file of that
+    type. These tests are the regression net."""
+
+    def test_handlers_cover_all_routed_types(self):
+        assert set(HANDLERS.keys()) == ROUTED_FILE_TYPES

backend/tests/test_security.py

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+"""SP19 — Security middleware + health probe tests.
+
+Covers each middleware in isolation (using FastAPI's TestClient with a
+minimal app) and the integration into the real ``cyclone.api`` app
+(headers present on every response, /api/health returns the rich
+snapshot).
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from cyclone.security import (
+    DEFAULT_MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+    DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MIN,
+    BodySizeLimitMiddleware,
+    RateLimitMiddleware,
+    SecurityHeadersMiddleware,
+    get_health_snapshot,
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test apps — built inline per-test to avoid state pollution between tests.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _echo_app_with(
+    *middlewares: Callable[..., Any],
+) -> FastAPI:
+    """Build a tiny FastAPI app with the given middleware chain.
+
+    ``middlewares`` are listed outermost-first (the first element
+    runs first on the request). Starlette's ``add_middleware``
+    *prepends*, so we add in reverse to preserve "outermost first"
+    in the public API.
+    """
+    app = FastAPI()
+
+    @app.post("/echo")
+    async def echo(request: Request):
+        body = await request.body()
+        return {"received_bytes": len(body)}
+
+    @app.get("/api/health")
+    async def h():
+        return {"status": "ok"}
+
+    for mw in reversed(middlewares):
+        app.add_middleware(mw)
+    return app
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# BodySizeLimitMiddleware
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_body_size_accepts_under_limit():
+    """500 bytes is under the 1024-byte limit; body passes through."""
+    app = _echo_app_with(
+        SecurityHeadersMiddleware,
+        lambda a: BodySizeLimitMiddleware(a, max_bytes=1024),
+    )
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    resp = client.post("/echo", content=b"x" * 500)
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    assert resp.json() == {"received_bytes": 500}
+
+
+def test_body_size_rejects_over_content_length():
+    """A 200-byte body against a 100-byte cap returns 413."""
+    app = _echo_app_with(
+        SecurityHeadersMiddleware,
+        lambda a: BodySizeLimitMiddleware(a, max_bytes=100),
+    )
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    resp = client.post("/echo", content=b"x" * 200)
+    assert resp.status_code == 413
+    body = resp.json()
+    assert body["error"] == "body_too_large"
+    assert "100" in body["detail"]
+
+
+def test_body_size_default_is_50mb():
+    """The default cap is 50 MB so even large prodfiles fit."""
+    assert DEFAULT_MAX_BODY_BYTES == 50 * 1024 * 1024
+
+
+def test_body_size_rejects_bad_content_length():
+    """A non-integer Content-Length is rejected as 400, not 500."""
+    sent: list = []
+    inner_app = FastAPI()
+
+    @inner_app.post("/echo")
+    async def echo(request: Request):
+        return {"ok": True}
+
+    app_instance = BodySizeLimitMiddleware(inner_app, max_bytes=100)
+
+    async def fake_receive():
+        return {"type": "http.request", "body": b"", "more_body": False}
+
+    async def fake_send(msg):
+        sent.append(msg)
+
+    scope = {
+        "type": "http",
+        "method": "POST",
+        "path": "/echo",
+        "headers": [(b"content-length", b"not-a-number")],
+        "query_string": b"",
+    }
+    asyncio.run(app_instance(scope, fake_receive, fake_send))
+    start = next(m for m in sent if m["type"] == "http.response.start")
+    assert start["status"] == 400
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# RateLimitMiddleware
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_rate_limit_default_is_300_per_min():
+    assert DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MIN == 300
+
+
+def test_rate_limit_allows_under_threshold():
+    """A few requests under the per-minute limit are allowed."""
+    app = _echo_app_with(
+        SecurityHeadersMiddleware,
+        lambda a: RateLimitMiddleware(a, per_minute=5),
+    )
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    for _ in range(5):
+        resp = client.post("/echo", content=b"x")
+        assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+
+
+def test_rate_limit_blocks_over_threshold():
+    """The 6th request within a 60s window is rate-limited."""
+    app = _echo_app_with(
+        SecurityHeadersMiddleware,
+        lambda a: RateLimitMiddleware(a, per_minute=3),
+    )
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    for _ in range(3):
+        assert client.post("/echo", content=b"x").status_code == 200
+    resp = client.post("/echo", content=b"x")
+    assert resp.status_code == 429
+    assert resp.json()["error"] == "rate_limited"
+
+
+def test_rate_limit_exempts_health_probes():
+    """A load balancer hammering /api/health should not trip the limiter."""
+    app = _echo_app_with(
+        SecurityHeadersMiddleware,
+        lambda a: RateLimitMiddleware(a, per_minute=2),
+    )
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    for _ in range(20):
+        assert client.get("/api/health").status_code == 200
+    assert client.post("/echo", content=b"x").status_code == 200
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# SecurityHeadersMiddleware
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_security_headers_present_on_200():
+    app = _echo_app_with(SecurityHeadersMiddleware)
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    resp = client.get("/api/health")
+    assert resp.headers["X-Content-Type-Options"] == "nosniff"
+    assert resp.headers["X-Frame-Options"] == "DENY"
+    assert resp.headers["Referrer-Policy"] == "same-origin"
+    assert "default-src 'none'" in resp.headers["Content-Security-Policy"]
+
+
+def test_security_headers_present_on_error_response():
+    """413/429 still carry the security headers."""
+    # Define a tiny factory so Starlette can introspect it as a class.
+    class _BoundBodySize(BodySizeLimitMiddleware):
+        def __init__(self, app):  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+            super().__init__(app, max_bytes=10)
+
+    app = _echo_app_with(SecurityHeadersMiddleware, _BoundBodySize)
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    resp = client.post("/echo", content=b"x" * 100)
+    assert resp.status_code == 413, resp.text
+    assert resp.headers["X-Content-Type-Options"] == "nosniff"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# get_health_snapshot
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_health_snapshot_basic_shape():
+    snap = get_health_snapshot()
+    d = snap.to_dict()
+    assert "status" in d
+    assert "version" in d
+    assert "db" in d
+    assert "scheduler" in d
+    assert "pubsub" in d
+    assert "batch" in d
+
+
+def test_health_snapshot_db_ok_in_tests():
+    """The conftest DB fixture is live; ``SELECT 1`` works."""
+    snap = get_health_snapshot()
+    assert snap.db.get("ok") is True
+
+
+def test_health_snapshot_handles_no_scheduler():
+    """Without a configured scheduler, the snapshot reports gracefully."""
+    snap = get_health_snapshot()
+    sched = snap.scheduler
+    assert "running" in sched or "configured" in sched

backend/tests/test_sftp_stub.py

@@ -72,7 +72,23 @@ def test_stub_get_secret_returns_stub_when_keychain_empty(sftp_block):
     assert secret == "<stub-secret>"
 
 
-def test_stub_read_file_raises(sftp_block):
+def test_stub_read_file_returns_bytes(sftp_block, tmp_path):
+    """SP16: the stub read_file returns bytes from the staging dir.
+
+    Lets the inbound scheduler exercise the same code path on a
+    workstation without a real MFT connection.
+    """
+    inbound = tmp_path / "staging" / "ToHPE"
+    inbound.mkdir(parents=True)
+    (inbound / "TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_TA1.x12").write_bytes(
+        b"hello-world",
+    )
     client = SftpClient(sftp_block)
-    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="Stub SFTP cannot read"):
-        client.read_file("/x.x12")
+    body = client.read_file("/ToHPE/TP11525703-837P_M019048402-20260618130000000-1of1_TA1.x12")
+    assert body == b"hello-world"
+
+
+def test_stub_read_file_missing_raises(sftp_block):
+    client = SftpClient(sftp_block)
+    with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError):
+        client.read_file("/ToHPE/does-not-exist.x12")

backend/tests/test_validator.py

@@ -100,6 +100,53 @@ def test_r020_npi_must_be_ten_digits():
     assert any(i.rule == "R020_npi_format" for i in report.errors)
 
 
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+# R021 — NPI Luhn checksum (SP20)
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
+
+
+def test_r021_npi_checksum_valid_passes_silently():
+    """A valid Luhn NPI (CMS-published 1234567893) yields no R021 issue."""
+    cfg = PayerConfig.co_medicaid()
+    claim = _build_claim()
+    claim.billing_provider.npi = "1234567893"
+    report = validate(claim, cfg)
+    assert not any(i.rule == "R021_npi_checksum" for i in report.errors + report.warnings)
+
+
+def test_r021_npi_checksum_bad_luhn_is_warning():
+    """An NPI that passes format but fails Luhn is a WARNING, not an error."""
+    cfg = PayerConfig.co_medicaid()
+    claim = _build_claim()
+    claim.billing_provider.npi = "1234567890"  # right length, wrong check digit
+    report = validate(claim, cfg)
+    assert report.passed is True  # WARNINGs don't fail the report
+    assert any(i.rule == "R021_npi_checksum" and i.severity == "warning" for i in report.warnings)
+
+
+def test_r021_npi_checksum_skipped_when_format_bad():
+    """When R020 already flagged the format, R021 stays silent
+    (avoids a duplicate 'this NPI is wrong' message)."""
+    cfg = PayerConfig.co_medicaid()
+    claim = _build_claim()
+    claim.billing_provider.npi = "12345"  # wrong length
+    report = validate(claim, cfg)
+    # R020 errors as expected; R021 stays quiet.
+    assert any(i.rule == "R020_npi_format" for i in report.errors)
+    assert not any(i.rule == "R021_npi_checksum" for i in report.errors + report.warnings)
+
+
+def test_r021_npi_checksum_skipped_when_npi_missing():
+    """An empty NPI doesn't trigger R021 (only R020 would, but R020
+    only fires when NPI is *present* and wrong). R021 must stay silent
+    when NPI is empty so we don't double-fire."""
+    cfg = PayerConfig.co_medicaid()
+    claim = _build_claim()
+    claim.billing_provider.npi = ""
+    report = validate(claim, cfg)
+    assert not any(i.rule == "R021_npi_checksum" for i in report.errors + report.warnings)
+
+
 def test_r030_frequency_allowed():
     cfg = PayerConfig.co_medicaid()  # only 1, 7, 8
     claim = _build_claim()

backend/uv.lock

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 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -174,8 +379,10 @@ source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "click" },
     { name = "fastapi" },
+    { name = "keyring" },
     { name = "pydantic" },
     { name = "python-multipart" },
+    { name = "pyyaml" },
     { name = "sqlalchemy" },
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 ]
@@ -187,21 +394,31 @@ dev = [
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     { name = "pytest-cov" },
 ]
+sftp = [
+    { name = "paramiko" },
+]
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     { name = "httpx", marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = ">=0.27,<1" },
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+    { name = "paramiko", marker = "extra == 'sftp'", specifier = ">=3.4,<6" },
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     { name = "pytest-cov", marker = "extra == 'dev'", specifier = ">=4.1" },
     { name = "python-multipart", specifier = ">=0.0.9,<1" },
+    { name = "pyyaml", specifier = ">=6.0,<7" },
     { name = "sqlalchemy", specifier = ">=2.0,<3" },
+    { name = "sqlcipher3", marker = "extra == 'sqlcipher'", specifier = ">=0.6,<1" },
     { name = "uvicorn", extras = ["standard"], specifier = ">=0.27,<1" },
 ]
-provides-extras = ["dev"]
+provides-extras = ["dev", "sqlcipher", "sftp"]
 
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+version = "9.0.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
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 version = "2.3.0"
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 ]
 
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docs/superpowers/plans/2026-06-21-cyclone-skill-catalog.md

@@ -0,0 +1,826 @@
+# Cyclone Skill Catalog Implementation Plan
+
+> **For agentic workers:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:subagent-driven-development (recommended) or superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task. Steps use checkbox (`- [ ]`) syntax for tracking.
+
+**Goal:** Ship 8 layer-mapped Cyclone skills under `.superpowers/skills/` (one per PR), then update the README to advertise the catalog. No code changes — pure guidance artifacts.
+
+**Architecture:** Each skill is a single `SKILL.md` (150–250 lines, YAML frontmatter + sections per the spec template). One commit per skill. Phase order matches the spec's build order so each later skill can ship its `## Related skills` section pointing to skills that already exist.
+
+**Tech Stack:** Markdown, YAML frontmatter. No build step, no runtime, no tests (skills are guidance, not code).
+
+**Spec:** [`docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-skill-catalog-design.md`](../specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-skill-catalog-design.md)
+
+---
+
+## File structure
+
+```
+.superpowers/
+└── skills/
+    ├── cyclone-spec/
+    │   └── SKILL.md                          ← Task 1
+    ├── cyclone-tests/
+    │   └── SKILL.md                          ← Task 2
+    ├── cyclone-edi/
+    │   └── SKILL.md                          ← Task 3
+    │   └── references/
+    │       └── parsers.md                    ← Task 3
+    ├── cyclone-tail/
+    │   └── SKILL.md                          ← Task 4
+    │   └── references/
+    │       └── wire-format.md                ← Task 4
+    ├── cyclone-store/
+    │   └── SKILL.md                          ← Task 5
+    ├── cyclone-api-router/
+    │   └── SKILL.md                          ← Task 6
+    ├── cyclone-frontend-page/
+    │   └── SKILL.md                          ← Task 7
+    └── cyclone-cli/
+        └── SKILL.md                          ← Task 8
+
+README.md                                     ← Task 9 (catalog section)
+```
+
+Each skill is one PR. Each `SKILL.md` follows the template in spec §"Per-skill structure". Optional `references/<file>.md` only when the SKILL.md would otherwise exceed ~200 lines.
+
+---
+
+## Shared SKILL.md template (lock this in Task 0, then apply to every Task)
+
+```markdown
+---
+name: <kebab-case>
+description: "<one-sentence trigger, with Use when: … keywords>"
+---
+
+# <Title>
+
+## When to use
+- <bullet 1 — concrete situation>
+- <bullet 2>
+- <bullet 3>
+
+## Conventions
+1. <testable rule>
+2. <testable rule>
+3. <testable rule>
+
+## Patterns
+\`\`\`<lang>
+<copy-pasteable skeleton>
+\`\`\`
+
+## Anti-patterns
+- <tempting-but-wrong move>
+
+## Related skills
+- `<other-skill>` — <one line>
+- `<other-skill>` — <one line>
+```
+
+YAML frontmatter rules:
+- `name` must be kebab-case and match the directory name.
+- `description` is the only thing the auto-loader sees. One sentence, max ~200 chars. Include a `Use when:` clause listing the trigger situations.
+
+---
+
+## Task 0: Pre-flight — verify starting state
+
+**Goal:** Confirm `.superpowers/skills/` does not exist yet, capture a directory snapshot, and verify the catalog can be served from project scope.
+
+**Files:**
+- Read: `.superpowers/` (existing project-scoped superpowers directory)
+- Create (no commit): `/tmp/cyclone-skill-baseline.txt`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Inspect existing `.superpowers/` contents**
+
+```bash
+ls -la .superpowers/
+```
+
+Expected: shows only `plans/` and `specs/` directories (the canonical superpowers content for this repo). No `skills/` directory yet.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Confirm no stray skill files outside `.superpowers/skills/`**
+
+```bash
+find . -path ./node_modules -prune -o -path ./.git -prune -o -path ./backend/.venv -prune -o -name "SKILL.md" -print
+```
+
+Expected: no output (or only paths under `.grok/` system directories that are not part of the repo).
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Verify the README's skills section is empty (or absent)**
+
+```bash
+grep -n -i "skill" README.md | head -10
+```
+
+Expected: a few hits for "skill" in unrelated contexts (e.g. "skill set" in marketing copy) but no existing catalog section.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Save the baseline**
+
+```bash
+ls .superpowers/ | tee /tmp/cyclone-skill-baseline.txt
+```
+
+Expected: `plans\nspecs`.
+
+No commit. Pre-flight only.
+
+---
+
+## Task 1: Phase 1, Skill 1 — `cyclone-spec`
+
+**Goal:** Codify the SP-N superpowers flow that this repo already uses (14 specs, 8 plans on disk). Pure documentation; this skill owns the convention so every later feature goes through it consistently.
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Confirm the SP-N flow materials exist**
+
+```bash
+ls docs/superpowers/specs/ | wc -l
+ls docs/superpowers/plans/ | wc -l
+git log --oneline | grep -E "^(feat|docs|merge): SP[0-9]+" | head -5
+```
+
+Expected: ≥ 14 specs, ≥ 8 plans, ≥ 5 SP-N commits in history. Record the numbers for use in the skill.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Create the directory**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p .superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Write the SKILL.md**
+
+Use the shared template. Frontmatter:
+
+```yaml
+---
+name: cyclone-spec
+description: "Cyclone SP-N superpowers increment flow — spec → plan → implement → merge. Use when: starting a new numbered feature increment, naming a branch, opening a SP-N PR, or doing the merge dance into main."
+---
+```
+
+Body sections (each must be present, in this order):
+- `## When to use` — 4 bullets covering: starting a new increment, naming the spec/plan files, opening the PR, performing the merge.
+- `## Conventions` — at minimum these numbered rules:
+  1. **Numbering.** Reserve the next SP-N number (next after the highest in `git log`). Never reuse a number.
+  2. **Branch.** `sp<N>-<short-kebab-topic>` (e.g. `sp22-line-reconciliation`).
+  3. **Spec path.** `docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-cyclone-<topic>-design.md`. Status header: `Draft, pending user review`.
+  4. **Plan path.** `docs/superpowers/plans/YYYY-MM-DD-cyclone-<topic>.md`. Header per writing-plans skill.
+  5. **Commit prefix.** `feat(sp<N>): …`, `docs(spec): …`, `docs(plan): …`, `merge: SP<N> … into main`.
+  6. **PR title.** `SP<N> <Topic>` (matches commit history).
+  7. **Merge shape.** Single atomic merge commit into `main` after review; no squash, no rebase.
+- `## Patterns` — copy-pasteable skeleton for the spec header (Date / Status / Branch / Scope) and the plan header (per writing-plans).
+- `## Anti-patterns` — at least these:
+  - Don't skip the spec ("it's a small fix"). Small fixes still get a 3-line spec when they introduce a new numbered increment.
+  - Don't squash the merge commit — the SP-N merge commit is the audit trail.
+  - Don't put code in the spec — the spec is the *what*, the plan is the *how*.
+- `## Related skills` — references to `cyclone-tests` (every spec mentions test impact), `cyclone-edi` / `cyclone-tail` / `cyclone-store` / `cyclone-api-router` / `cyclone-frontend-page` / `cyclone-cli` (each spec touches one or more of these), and the upstream `superpowers:brainstorming` / `superpowers:writing-plans` global skills.
+
+Keep total under ~200 lines. Use real examples drawn from existing specs (e.g. SP9 multi-payer, SP14 5-lane Inbox) where they illustrate the convention.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify frontmatter and structure**
+
+```bash
+head -5 .superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md
+grep -c "^## " .superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md
+```
+
+Expected: first 5 lines are the YAML frontmatter (start `---`, end `---`), ~150-200 lines total, exactly 5 `## ` sections (`When to use`, `Conventions`, `Patterns`, `Anti-patterns`, `Related skills`).
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add .superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md
+git commit -m "feat(sp-skill-catalog): add cyclone-spec skill (SP-N flow)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 2: Phase 1, Skill 2 — `cyclone-tests`
+
+**Goal:** Codify the pytest + vitest fixture patterns so every later skill can ship its `## Anti-patterns` cleanly. Specifically: how to drop a prodfiles fixture into `backend/tests/fixtures/`, how to write a `.test.tsx` next to a page, how to keep tests deterministic.
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Survey the existing fixture layout**
+
+```bash
+ls backend/tests/fixtures/ | head -30
+ls backend/tests/fixtures/ | wc -l
+ls src/**/*.test.tsx src/**/*.test.ts 2>/dev/null | wc -l
+```
+
+Expected: dozens of fixtures under `backend/tests/fixtures/`, dozens of `.test.ts(x)` siblings across `src/`. Record counts for the skill.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Sample one backend pytest and one frontend vitest to cite**
+
+```bash
+ls backend/tests/fixtures/ | head -3
+echo "---"
+ls src/hooks/*.test.ts | head -3
+```
+
+Pick the smallest/most-representative example from each side to cite in the skill's `## Patterns`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Create the directory and write the SKILL.md**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests
+```
+
+Frontmatter:
+
+```yaml
+---
+name: cyclone-tests
+description: "Cyclone pytest + vitest fixture patterns, prodfiles layout, backend/tests/fixtures/ conventions, .test.tsx sibling rule. Use when: adding a backend pytest case, adding a frontend vitest test, or wiring in a real-EDI prodfiles sample."
+---
+```
+
+Body sections (each must be present):
+- `## When to use` — 4 bullets: adding a backend test, adding a frontend test, dropping in a prodfiles fixture, debugging a flaky test.
+- `## Conventions` — at minimum:
+  1. **Frontend sibling rule.** Every new file in `src/` that contains testable logic gets a `*.test.ts(x)` next to it. `useFoo.ts` → `useFoo.test.ts`.
+  2. **Backend test location.** Tests live under `backend/tests/test_*.py`. Integration tests (FastAPI) follow `test_api_*.py`; pure-unit tests (parsers, validators) follow `test_<module>_*.py`.
+  3. **Prodfiles drop-in.** Real EDI samples live under `docs/prodfiles/<source>/<edi>.txt`. To use one in a test: copy to `backend/tests/fixtures/<test-name>/<edi>.txt` and reference via the existing fixture helper (see `## Patterns`).
+  4. **Determinism.** Use `freezegun` for date-sensitive backend tests; use `vi.useFakeTimers()` for time-sensitive frontend tests. Never rely on `datetime.now()` directly.
+  5. **No network.** Tests must not hit the network. `httpx`/`requests` mocks live in `conftest.py` fixtures.
+  6. **pytest collection.** Run `cd backend && python -m pytest tests/<file>::<name> -v` for the fastest feedback loop. Full suite is the merge gate.
+- `## Patterns` — three small copy-pasteable skeletons:
+  - One pytest using `tmp_path` + a prodfiles fixture reference.
+  - One vitest `*.test.ts` for a hook using `vi.useFakeTimers()`.
+  - One vitest `*.test.tsx` for a component using `@testing-library/react` + `happy-dom`.
+- `## Anti-patterns` — at least:
+  - Don't put frontend tests in `src/__tests__/` (legacy location, no longer used).
+  - Don't reach into `docs/prodfiles/` directly from a test — copy to `backend/tests/fixtures/` so tests stay runnable when prodfiles is reorganized.
+  - Don't use `sleep()` for timing — use the deterministic timer tools listed in Conventions.
+- `## Related skills` — references to all 7 other skills (every domain skill impacts tests) plus `superpowers:test-driven-development` upstream.
+
+Keep under ~250 lines (this is the most cross-cutting skill, so it's the largest).
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify**
+
+```bash
+head -5 .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md
+grep -c "^## " .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md
+```
+
+Expected: frontmatter present, 150–250 lines, 5 `## ` sections.
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md
+git commit -m "feat(sp-skill-catalog): add cyclone-tests skill (fixture patterns)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 3: Phase 2, Skill 3 — `cyclone-edi`
+
+**Goal:** Codify Cyclone's EDI parser/validator conventions across 837P/835/999/270/271/277CA/TA1. Highest-leverage skill — 30 parsers, scattered validators, fixture sprawl.
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/SKILL.md`
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/references/parsers.md`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Enumerate the parsers and validator rules**
+
+```bash
+ls backend/src/cyclone/parsers/
+grep -rn "^def parse_" backend/src/cyclone/parsers/ | head -40
+grep -n "^R[0-9]" backend/src/cyclone/validator*.py 2>/dev/null | head -20
+ls backend/src/cyclone/ | grep -i valid
+```
+
+Expected: ~30 parser modules, each exporting `parse_*`, plus `validator.py` and possibly `validator_835.py`. Record the R-codes (R200, R210, etc.) found.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Sample one parser to cite in the skill**
+
+Pick the smallest one (e.g. `parse_ta1.py` or `parse_999.py`) and read the first 30 lines. The skill's `## Patterns` section will reference its structure.
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Create directories and write the SKILL.md + reference**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p .superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/references
+```
+
+Frontmatter:
+
+```yaml
+---
+name: cyclone-edi
+description: "Cyclone EDI parser/validator conventions (837P/835/999/270/271/277CA/TA1). Use when: adding or changing a parser, adding a validator rule (R200/R210/NPI Luhn/EIN/CAS), or mapping a new CAS adjustment reason code."
+---
+```
+
+Body sections:
+- `## When to use` — 4 bullets: adding a parser, adding a validator rule, wiring a new CAS code, debugging a parse failure on a prodfiles sample.
+- `## Conventions` — at minimum:
+  1. **Parser signature.** Every parser module exports `parse(text: str) -> <TypedResult>` where `<TypedResult>` is a Pydantic model from `backend/src/cyclone/parsers/<edi>_models.py` (or co-located).
+  2. **Segment walk.** Parsers consume `backend/src/cyclone/segments.py` helpers (`Segment`, `Loop`, `next_segment`) — do not parse raw text inline.
+  3. **Validator rules.** Numbered (R200, R210, …) live in `backend/src/cyclone/validator.py` (or `validator_835.py` for 835-specific). Each rule is a function `_rule_R<n>_<name>` raising `ValidationError` with the R-code.
+  4. **NPI / EIN / CAS.** Identity-format rules (NPI Luhn, EIN `XX-XXXXXXX`, CAS adjustment reason codes) live in dedicated modules (`npi.py`, etc.). Don't duplicate the format logic.
+  5. **Prodfiles reuse.** When adding a parser for a new transaction type, ship at least one prodfiles fixture in `backend/tests/fixtures/<edi>/<sample>.txt`.
+- `## Patterns` — three skeletons:
+  - A minimal `parse_<edi>.py` (using `segments.py`, exporting `parse(text)`).
+  - A validator rule `_rule_R<n>_<name>(ctx) -> None`.
+  - A test that uses a prodfiles fixture (`backend/tests/fixtures/<edi>/<sample>.txt`) and asserts `parse(text).foo == expected`.
+- `## Anti-patterns` — at least:
+  - Don't re-parse raw X12 strings inside validators — always parse first, validate the typed result.
+  - Don't bake payer-specific logic into the generic parser — payer variations live in `backend/src/cyclone/payers.py` or `<payer>_config.py`.
+  - Don't add a validator rule without an R-code — the R-code is how the UI surfaces the error.
+- `## Related skills` — references to `cyclone-store` (writes the parsed result), `cyclone-api-router` (exposes it), `cyclone-tests` (fixture drop-in), `cyclone-cli` (the `cyc parse <file>` smoke command).
+
+Then write `references/parsers.md`: a flat table mapping each parser module to its transaction type, signature, primary fixtures, and any payer-specific variants. Keep under 80 lines.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify**
+
+```bash
+head -5 .superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/references/parsers.md
+grep -c "^## " .superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/SKILL.md
+```
+
+Expected: frontmatter present, SKILL.md ≤ 200 lines, references/parsers.md ≤ 80 lines, exactly 5 `## ` sections in SKILL.md.
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add .superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/
+git commit -m "feat(sp-skill-catalog): add cyclone-edi skill (parser/validator conventions)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 4: Phase 2, Skill 4 — `cyclone-tail`
+
+**Goal:** Codify the live-tail wire format and the `useTailStream` + `useMergedTail` + per-resource hook triplet. Concrete drift risk — wire format is in the README but consumed across 3 page-hook pairs.
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/SKILL.md`
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/references/wire-format.md`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Survey the live-tail surface**
+
+```bash
+grep -rn "/stream" backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/ src/hooks/ 2>/dev/null | head -20
+ls src/hooks/use*Stream* src/hooks/use*MergedTail*
+ls src/hooks/use*Tail* 2>/dev/null
+grep -rn "snapshot_end\|x-ndjson" backend/src/cyclone/ src/ 2>/dev/null | head -10
+```
+
+Expected: 3 `/api/<resource>/stream` endpoints, one `useTailStream.ts`, one `useMergedTail.ts`, multiple `use<X>Stream` consumers.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Read the wire-format spec in the README**
+
+```bash
+grep -n -A 30 "Wire format" README.md | head -50
+```
+
+This is the canonical definition; the skill will reference it. Record the line range for the `references/wire-format.md` cross-reference.
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Create directories and write the SKILL.md + reference**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/references
+```
+
+Frontmatter:
+
+```yaml
+---
+name: cyclone-tail
+description: "Cyclone live-tail streaming wire format and the useTailStream / useMergedTail hook triplet. Use when: adding a new streaming list page, changing the wire format, debugging stalled/reconnecting state, or modifying the StatusPill behavior."
+---
+```
+
+Body sections:
+- `## When to use` — 4 bullets: adding a new streaming page, changing the wire format, debugging stalled/reconnecting, tuning heartbeat/stall timing.
+- `## Conventions` — at minimum:
+  1. **Wire format.** Newline-delimited JSON. Line shapes: `{"type":"item","data":…}`, `{"type":"snapshot_end","data":{"count":N}}`, `{"type":"heartbeat","data":{"ts":…}}`, `{"type":"item_dropped","data":…}`, `{"type":"error","data":…}`. See `references/wire-format.md`.
+  2. **Hook triplet.** Streaming pages consume three hooks: `useTailStream(url)` (raw stream state), `useMergedTail(items, events)` (combine initial fetch with live events), and a per-resource hook (`useClaims`, `useRemittances`, etc.) that wraps both.
+  3. **Stall threshold.** 30s of total silence (heartbeat included) flips the connection to `stalled` and surfaces a `↻ Reconnect` button. Don't change this without updating the README's "Status pill" table.
+  4. **Snapshot first.** Every stream must emit the current snapshot before any live `item` events. The `snapshot_end` line is the marker the UI uses to flip `StatusPill` from `connecting` to `live`.
+  5. **Content-Type.** `application/x-ndjson`. Never `application/json` for a stream endpoint.
+- `## Patterns` — three skeletons:
+  - A `useFoo.ts` page-hook skeleton (TanStack Query initial fetch + tail subscription).
+  - A new backend `/api/foo/stream` endpoint signature.
+  - A `StatusPill` consumer wiring.
+- `## Anti-patterns` — at least:
+  - Don't hand-roll `fetch` + `ReadableStream` parsing in a page — go through `useTailStream` so reconnect/stall handling is consistent.
+  - Don't change the wire format on one endpoint without updating the other two — they share the parser in `src/lib/tail-stream.ts`.
+  - Don't emit `item` events before `snapshot_end` — the UI will duplicate rows.
+- `## Related skills` — references to `cyclone-frontend-page` (page-level wiring), `cyclone-api-router` (the `/api/<resource>/stream` endpoint), `cyclone-store` (the event contract that drives the stream), `cyclone-tests` (`.test.ts` siblings on every hook in this skill).
+
+Then write `references/wire-format.md`: copy the relevant README section (with attribution) and add a per-line field reference table (which fields are required, which are optional, parser tolerance). Keep under 80 lines.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify**
+
+```bash
+head -5 .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/references/wire-format.md
+grep -c "^## " .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/SKILL.md
+```
+
+Expected: frontmatter present, SKILL.md ≤ 200 lines, wire-format.md ≤ 80 lines, 5 `## ` sections.
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add .superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/
+git commit -m "feat(sp-skill-catalog): add cyclone-tail skill (live-tail wire format)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 5: Phase 3, Skill 5 — `cyclone-store`
+
+**Goal:** Codify the store write-paths, the pubsub event contract, and the SP21 store-split boundary map. Aligns with the SP21 store split currently in plan stage — the skill codifies the new boundaries as they land.
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-store/SKILL.md`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Read SP21 plan to learn the new module boundaries**
+
+```bash
+cat docs/superpowers/plans/2026-06-21-cyclone-store-split.md | head -80
+```
+
+Record the module list (`batches`, `inbox`, `acks`, etc.) for use in the skill.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Survey the current pubsub surface**
+
+```bash
+grep -rn "_written\|_recorded" backend/src/cyclone/pubsub.py | head -20
+grep -rn "publish\|subscribe" backend/src/cyclone/store.py | head -10
+```
+
+Expected: at least 3 event types — `claim_written`, `remittance_written`, `activity_recorded`. Record exact names.
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Create the directory and write the SKILL.md**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p .superpowers/skills/cyclone-store
+```
+
+Frontmatter:
+
+```yaml
+---
+name: cyclone-store
+description: "Cyclone store write-paths, the pubsub event contract (claim_written / remittance_written / activity_recorded), and the SP21 store-split boundary map. Use when: touching store.py, adding a new entity, wiring a new write event, or splitting a store module."
+---
+```
+
+Body sections:
+- `## When to use` — 4 bullets: adding a new entity, wiring a new write event, debugging a write-path issue, splitting a store module.
+- `## Conventions` — at minimum:
+  1. **All writes go through `CycloneStore`.** Route handlers and parsers must not write directly to the ORM session.
+  2. **Every write publishes an event.** The event name matches the entity: `claim_written`, `remittance_written`, `activity_recorded`. New entities get `<entity>_written` (or `_recorded` for non-canonical rows).
+  3. **Snapshot shape.** Each entity has a Pydantic serializer in `backend/src/cyclone/store/ui.py` (or its post-SP21 equivalent). The serializer is the single source of truth for what the frontend sees.
+  4. **SP21 boundaries.** Post-split, each domain lives in its own module (`batches`, `inbox`, `acks`, …). Cross-module writes go through `CycloneStore` facade methods, not direct module access.
+  5. **No business logic in route handlers.** A route handler validates input, calls `store.<method>(...)`, publishes the event, returns the serialized result. Anything more belongs in the store or a parser.
+- `## Patterns` — three skeletons:
+  - A `CycloneStore` write method (`def add_foo(self, foo: Foo) -> FooRecord`).
+  - An event publication in `pubsub.py`.
+  - A new `<entity>_written` handler test that asserts both the row and the event.
+- `## Anti-patterns` — at least:
+  - Don't read directly from the ORM in a route handler — go through the snapshot serializer.
+  - Don't introduce a new event name without updating the subscriber list (currently `api.py` and `api_routers/`).
+  - Don't merge a write method with its event publication into separate places — they live next to each other so reviewers see both.
+- `## Related skills` — references to `cyclone-edi` (the parsed result lands here), `cyclone-api-router` (the route that calls the store), `cyclone-tail` (the event drives the stream), `cyclone-tests` (write-path tests).
+
+Keep under ~200 lines. No `references/` needed unless the boundary map grows.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify**
+
+```bash
+head -5 .superpowers/skills/cyclone-store/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-store/SKILL.md
+grep -c "^## " .superpowers/skills/cyclone-store/SKILL.md
+```
+
+Expected: frontmatter present, ≤ 200 lines, 5 `## ` sections.
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add .superpowers/skills/cyclone-store/SKILL.md
+git commit -m "feat(sp-skill-catalog): add cyclone-store skill (write paths + event contract)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 6: Phase 3, Skill 6 — `cyclone-api-router`
+
+**Goal:** Codify FastAPI router conventions — `api_routers/`, `api_helpers.py` reuse, response shapes, error envelopes. Pairs with `cyclone-store`.
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Survey the existing router layout**
+
+```bash
+ls backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/
+grep -l "APIRouter" backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/*.py
+head -30 backend/src/cyclone/api_helpers.py
+```
+
+Record the router filenames and which helpers exist in `api_helpers.py`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Sample one router**
+
+Pick the smallest existing router (likely `acks.py` or `ta1_acks.py`) and read the first 50 lines. The skill's `## Patterns` section will reference its structure.
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Create the directory and write the SKILL.md**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p .superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router
+```
+
+Frontmatter:
+
+```yaml
+---
+name: cyclone-api-router
+description: "Cyclone FastAPI router conventions (api_routers/, api_helpers.py, response shapes, error envelopes). Use when: adding or changing an HTTP endpoint, splitting a route out of api.py, or wiring a new helper into api_helpers.py."
+---
+```
+
+Body sections:
+- `## When to use` — 4 bullets: adding an endpoint, splitting a route, adding a helper, defining an error response.
+- `## Conventions` — at minimum:
+  1. **No new top-level routes in `api.py`.** Every endpoint lives in `backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/<topic>.py` as an `APIRouter`.
+  2. **Reuse `api_helpers.py`.** Common response shapes, error envelopes, and parsing helpers live there. Don't duplicate them in a router.
+  3. **Response shape.** Every successful response is a Pydantic model. Errors use the shared `ErrorEnvelope` (from `api_helpers.py`) with `code` and `message`.
+  4. **Mounting.** Routers are mounted in `api.py` with their prefix; keep prefix naming consistent (`/api/<resource>`).
+  5. **Streaming endpoints.** Use `StreamingResponse(media_type="application/x-ndjson")` — see `cyclone-tail` for the wire format.
+  6. **Tests.** Every new endpoint gets a `test_api_<topic>_<verb>.py` test under `backend/tests/`.
+- `## Patterns` — three skeletons:
+  - A new `APIRouter` skeleton (`router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/foo", tags=["foo"])`).
+  - A `get_one` / `get_list` / `post_one` trio with Pydantic response models.
+  - An error envelope usage example.
+- `## Anti-patterns` — at least:
+  - Don't import from `cyclone.api` into a router — the dependency runs the other way.
+  - Don't return raw dicts — always Pydantic.
+  - Don't bypass `CycloneStore` to query the ORM directly — see `cyclone-store`.
+- `## Related skills` — references to `cyclone-store` (most routes call store methods), `cyclone-tail` (streaming endpoints), `cyclone-edi` (parse endpoints), `cyclone-tests` (endpoint tests).
+
+Keep under ~200 lines.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify**
+
+```bash
+head -5 .superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md
+grep -c "^## " .superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md
+```
+
+Expected: frontmatter present, ≤ 200 lines, 5 `## ` sections.
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add .superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md
+git commit -m "feat(sp-skill-catalog): add cyclone-api-router skill (FastAPI conventions)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 7: Phase 4, Skill 7 — `cyclone-frontend-page`
+
+**Goal:** Codify the React page-component pattern — TanStack Query, `use<X>` hook, drawer, URL state, `.test.tsx` sibling. Generalizes what `cyclone-tail` already covers.
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page/SKILL.md`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Survey the page layout**
+
+```bash
+ls src/pages/
+echo "---"
+ls src/components/ui/ | head -20
+```
+
+Record the page list and which shadcn-style UI components are in `src/components/ui/`.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Sample one page to cite**
+
+```bash
+head -50 src/pages/Claims.tsx
+```
+
+Use this in the skill's `## Patterns` to show the canonical page structure.
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Create the directory and write the SKILL.md**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p .superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page
+```
+
+Frontmatter:
+
+```yaml
+---
+name: cyclone-frontend-page
+description: "Cyclone React page conventions (TanStack Query, use<X> hook, drawer, URL state, .test.tsx sibling, Layout / PageHeader / Sidebar). Use when: adding a new page, refactoring an existing one, or wiring a drawer into a page."
+---
+```
+
+Body sections:
+- `## When to use` — 4 bullets: adding a new page, refactoring an existing page, wiring a drawer, sharing state via URL.
+- `## Conventions` — at minimum:
+  1. **Page shape.** Every page in `src/pages/<Name>.tsx` exports a default `function <Name>()`. It uses `<Layout>`, sets a `<PageHeader>`, and renders a table or list.
+  2. **Data hook.** Each page pairs with a `use<X>` hook in `src/hooks/use<X>.ts` that returns `{ data, isLoading, error, ...tail }`. Pages do not call `fetch` directly.
+  3. **Tail.** If the page shows live data, it consumes the tail-stream pattern via `cyclone-tail`. The hook, not the page, owns the streaming subscription.
+  4. **Drawer.** Drawers (e.g. `ClaimDrawer`, `RemitDrawer`) live in `src/components/<DrawerName>/` and are wired via `useDrawerUrlState` so the URL reflects open state.
+  5. **Tests.** Every page gets a `src/pages/<Name>.test.tsx` sibling. Every hook gets a `src/hooks/use<X>.test.ts` sibling.
+  6. **UI primitives.** Use Radix-backed components from `src/components/ui/`. Don't pull in new UI libraries without discussion.
+  7. **Routing.** Pages register their route in `src/App.tsx`. Lazy-load if the page is heavy.
+- `## Patterns` — three skeletons:
+  - A minimal `Claims.tsx`-style page (Layout + PageHeader + table + drawer).
+  - A `use<X>` hook skeleton (TanStack Query + tail).
+  - A drawer component skeleton with `useDrawerUrlState`.
+- `## Anti-patterns` — at least:
+  - Don't `fetch` from inside a page component — go through the hook.
+  - Don't open a drawer via local component state — use `useDrawerUrlState` so deep-links work.
+  - Don't put domain logic in JSX — extract to the hook or a pure helper in `src/lib/`.
+- `## Related skills` — references to `cyclone-tail` (live-data pages), `cyclone-api-router` (the endpoints pages call), `cyclone-tests` (page + hook tests), `cyclone-edi` (pages that show parsed EDI content).
+
+Keep under ~200 lines.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify**
+
+```bash
+head -5 .superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page/SKILL.md
+grep -c "^## " .superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page/SKILL.md
+```
+
+Expected: frontmatter present, ≤ 200 lines, 5 `## ` sections.
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add .superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page/SKILL.md
+git commit -m "feat(sp-skill-catalog): add cyclone-frontend-page skill (React page conventions)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 8: Phase 4, Skill 8 — `cyclone-cli`
+
+**Goal:** Codify the CLI subcommand conventions in `cli.py` — argparse style, exit codes, smoke-test patterns. Last because nothing else depends on it.
+
+**Files:**
+- Create: `.superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli/SKILL.md`
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Survey the existing CLI**
+
+```bash
+grep -n "add_parser\|sub_parsers\|set_defaults" backend/src/cyclone/cli.py | head -20
+grep -n "sys.exit\|return [0-9]\|return 1\|return 2" backend/src/cyclone/cli.py | head -10
+```
+
+Record the subcommand list and exit-code conventions.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Sample one subcommand**
+
+Pick the smallest (likely `validate`) and read its 20-30 lines. The skill's `## Patterns` will reference its structure.
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Create the directory and write the SKILL.md**
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p .superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli
+```
+
+Frontmatter:
+
+```yaml
+---
+name: cyclone-cli
+description: "Cyclone CLI subcommand conventions (cli.py, serve/parse/backup/rotate-key/validate, argparse style, exit codes, smoke tests). Use when: adding a CLI subcommand, changing exit codes, or working on operator-facing commands."
+---
+```
+
+Body sections:
+- `## When to use` — 4 bullets: adding a subcommand, changing exit codes, adding a smoke test, wiring a security-sensitive command (key rotation, backup).
+- `## Conventions` — at minimum:
+  1. **Subcommand shape.** Every subcommand is a function `cmd_<name>(args) -> int` in `cli.py`. The `main()` parser dispatches via `set_defaults(func=...)`.
+  2. **Argparse style.** Use `argparse.ArgumentParser` sub-parsers. Long-form flags (`--rotate-key`) preferred over positional for safety.
+  3. **Exit codes.** `0` = success, `1` = user error (bad input, missing file), `2` = operator error (DB locked, key missing), `3` = security error (auth fail, key mismatch). Document in `cmd_<name>` docstring.
+  4. **Smoke test.** Every new subcommand gets a `backend/tests/test_cli_<name>.py` test using `subprocess.run` against the installed `cyc` entrypoint.
+  5. **Security-sensitive commands.** Key rotation (`cyc rotate-key`), backup (`cyc backup`), and any command touching `secrets.py` requires a `--confirm` flag and a dry-run path.
+- `## Patterns` — three skeletons:
+  - A `cmd_<name>(args)` function with `argparse` setup.
+  - A `subprocess.run` smoke test.
+  - A `--confirm` / `--dry-run` pattern for security-sensitive commands.
+- `## Anti-patterns` — at least:
+  - Don't `sys.exit()` from inside a subcommand — return the int and let `main()` exit.
+  - Don't print to stdout for errors — use `logging` (or `print(..., file=sys.stderr)` for top-level fatal errors).
+  - Don't add a subcommand without a smoke test in `backend/tests/test_cli_<name>.py`.
+- `## Related skills` — references to `cyclone-store` (most subcommands touch the store), `cyclone-api-router` (`cyc serve` runs the FastAPI app), `cyclone-edi` (`cyc parse <file>`), `cyclone-tests` (CLI smoke tests).
+
+Keep under ~200 lines.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Verify**
+
+```bash
+head -5 .superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli/SKILL.md
+wc -l .superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli/SKILL.md
+grep -c "^## " .superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli/SKILL.md
+```
+
+Expected: frontmatter present, ≤ 200 lines, 5 `## ` sections.
+
+- [ ] **Step 5: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add .superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli/SKILL.md
+git commit -m "feat(sp-skill-catalog): add cyclone-cli skill (CLI conventions)"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Task 9: Final — README catalog section
+
+**Goal:** Advertise the catalog to human readers and to AI agents reading the README on first contact.
+
+**Files:**
+- Modify: `README.md` (add a "Skills" section near the top)
+
+- [ ] **Step 1: Find a good insertion point**
+
+```bash
+grep -n "^## " README.md | head -20
+```
+
+Pick a sensible location — typically after the existing "Install" or "Dev" section.
+
+- [ ] **Step 2: Add the catalog section**
+
+Add a new `## Skills` section listing all 8 skills with a one-line description each. Example:
+
+```markdown
+## Skills
+
+Cyclone ships 8 project-scoped AI-assistant skills under
+[`.superpowers/skills/`](.superpowers/skills/). Each one codifies the
+conventions for a major subsystem so the next contributor (human or
+AI) gets the lay of the land automatically.
+
+| Skill | Owns |
+|-------|------|
+| [`cyclone-spec`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-spec/SKILL.md) | The SP-N spec → plan → implement → merge flow. |
+| [`cyclone-tests`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tests/SKILL.md) | pytest + vitest fixture patterns, prodfiles drop-in. |
+| [`cyclone-edi`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-edi/SKILL.md) | EDI parser/validator conventions (837P/835/999/270/271/277CA/TA1). |
+| [`cyclone-tail`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-tail/SKILL.md) | Live-tail streaming wire format and the hook triplet. |
+| [`cyclone-store`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-store/SKILL.md) | Store write-paths, pubsub event contract, SP21 split map. |
+| [`cyclone-api-router`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-api-router/SKILL.md) | FastAPI router conventions (`api_routers/`, `api_helpers.py`). |
+| [`cyclone-frontend-page`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-frontend-page/SKILL.md) | React page conventions (TanStack Query, drawer, URL state). |
+| [`cyclone-cli`](.superpowers/skills/cyclone-cli/SKILL.md) | CLI subcommand conventions (`cli.py`, exit codes, smoke tests). |
+
+Skills auto-load by description match — no slash command needed.
+```
+
+- [ ] **Step 3: Verify the section reads cleanly**
+
+```bash
+grep -n -A 16 "^## Skills" README.md
+```
+
+Expected: the section renders with all 8 rows and the trailing usage note.
+
+- [ ] **Step 4: Commit**
+
+```bash
+git add README.md
+git commit -m "docs(readme): add Skills section linking the 8-skill catalog"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Self-review (run after writing the plan, before executing)
+
+- [ ] **Spec coverage.** Skim each section of `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-skill-catalog-design.md`. Confirm:
+  - Spec §"The catalog" → Tasks 1-8 each create the matching skill. ✅
+  - Spec §"Per-skill structure" → enforced by the shared template locked in Task 0. ✅
+  - Spec §"Loading & cross-references" → every Task has a `## Related skills` section. ✅
+  - Spec §"Build order / phasing" → Phase order = Task order (1-2 foundations, 3-4 domain, 5-6 backend, 7-8 frontend+CLI). ✅
+  - Spec §"Verification" → covered by verification steps in each task + Task 9 README addition. ✅
+- [ ] **Placeholder scan.** No "TBD" / "TODO" / "implement later" in the plan. Each task's body content is specified (frontmatter exact, sections listed, key bullets enumerated).
+- [ ] **Type / name consistency.**
+  - Skill names: `cyclone-spec`, `cyclone-tests`, `cyclone-edi`, `cyclone-tail`, `cyclone-store`, `cyclone-api-router`, `cyclone-frontend-page`, `cyclone-cli`. Same in every task. ✅
+  - Commit prefix: `feat(sp-skill-catalog): …` everywhere. ✅
+  - Section names: `## When to use`, `## Conventions`, `## Patterns`, `## Anti-patterns`, `## Related skills`. Same in every task. ✅
+
+Plan passes self-review.

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-encrypted-backup-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+# SP17 — Automated Encrypted DB Backups
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-21
+**Branch:** `sp17-encrypted-backups`
+**Status:** Shipped
+**Scope:** Backend only. No frontend changes (operator-only admin function).
+
+---
+
+## 1. Why this exists
+
+The Cyclone SQLite database at `~/.local/share/cyclone/cyclone.db` is
+the only authoritative store of every claim, remittance, audit event,
+and reconciliation decision Cyclone has ever made. The README documents
+`sqldiff .backup /path/to/backup.db` as a *manual* recipe. That has two
+problems:
+
+1. **Manual is unreliable.** The operator forgets. A disk failure on
+   the operator's laptop is unrecoverable. The 6-year HIPAA retention
+   expectation is not met by a recipe.
+2. **No encryption.** The backup file inherits SQLCipher's encryption
+   if the live DB is encrypted, but only because the `.backup` API
+   copies the raw pages verbatim. If the operator ever exports a
+   backup for off-site storage (the obvious DR move) the file is
+   already encrypted — but there's no second layer, no key rotation,
+   no test of decryption, and no restore-drill automation.
+
+SP17 fixes both: an automated tick creates an encrypted backup on a
+schedule (default 24h), applies a retention policy (default 30 days),
+and exposes API + CLI surface for create / list / restore / verify.
+Restoration is two-step (initiate → confirm) to prevent an idle
+browser tab from nuking a live DB.
+
+The encryption layer is independent of SQLCipher: AES-256-GCM with a
+passphrase-derived key (PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256, 200k iterations). The
+passphrase lives in the macOS Keychain alongside the SQLCipher key.
+If the passphrase is missing, the backup layer falls back to deriving
+a key from the SQLCipher key (less ideal but never silently broken).
+
+## 2. File format
+
+Each backup is a single file `<dir>/cyclone-backup-YYYYMMDDTHHMMSSZ.bin`
+plus a sidecar `<...>.meta.json`:
+
+```
++----------------+------------------+---------+--------+
+| salt (16 bytes) | nonce (12 bytes) | cipher  | tag    |
++----------------+------------------+---------+--------+
+                  AES-256-GCM over the SQLite .backup bytes
+```
+
+The sidecar is plaintext JSON with the *metadata* an operator needs to
+decide whether to restore:
+
+```json
+{
+  "created_at": "2026-06-21T15:30:00Z",
+  "db_fingerprint": "sha256:7a1c...",
+  "table_count": 11,
+  "size_bytes": 245760,
+  "encryption": {
+    "kdf": "PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256",
+    "kdf_iterations": 200000,
+    "cipher": "AES-256-GCM",
+    "key_fingerprint": "sha256:5e7c..."
+  }
+}
+```
+
+The sidecar is *not* required to decrypt; it's a manifest. A real
+DR drill is: pull the `.bin` from cold storage, decrypt with the
+passphrase, restore.
+
+## 3. Components
+
+### 3.1 `cyclone.backup` — low-level crypto + file I/O
+
+Pure functions, no DB dependency:
+
+- `derive_key(passphrase: str, salt: bytes) -> bytes` — PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256, 200k iters, 32-byte output.
+- `encrypt(plaintext: bytes, key: bytes) -> bytes` — returns salt||nonce||ciphertext||tag.
+- `decrypt(blob: bytes, key: bytes) -> bytes` — raises `BackupDecryptError` on auth failure.
+- `BackupFile` dataclass — `(path, size, created_at, table_count, db_fingerprint)`.
+
+### 3.2 `cyclone.backup_service` — high-level coordinator
+
+- `BackupService(backup_dir, passphrase, retention_days=30, db_url=None)`.
+- `create_now() -> BackupRecord` — runs SQLite `.backup()` to a temp file, encrypts, moves into `backup_dir`, writes sidecar, persists a row in `db_backups`. Crash-safe: on any failure the temp file is removed and the DB row is marked `error` with the reason.
+- `list_backups() -> list[BackupRecord]` — directory listing, joined with `db_backups` rows for status.
+- `restore(backup_id, *, confirm: bool) -> RestoreResult` — copies encrypted backup aside, decrypts into a temp file, asks SQLite to load it via a fresh engine, then disposes the live engine and reopens. Two-step: first call returns `{restore_token, preview_table_count}`, second call with the token performs the swap.
+- `verify(backup_id) -> VerifyResult` — decrypts, recomputes SHA-256, compares to sidecar's `db_fingerprint`.
+- `prune() -> list[str]` — delete `.bin`/`.meta.json` pairs and `db_backups` rows older than `retention_days`. Returns the deleted paths.
+
+### 3.3 Migration `0012_backups.sql`
+
+```sql
+-- version: 12
+CREATE TABLE db_backups (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    filename TEXT NOT NULL,
+    backup_dir TEXT NOT NULL,
+    size_bytes INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    db_fingerprint TEXT,
+    table_count INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+    created_at TEXT NOT NULL,
+    status TEXT NOT NULL,             -- 'pending' | 'ok' | 'error' | 'pruned'
+    error_message TEXT,
+    completed_at TEXT
+);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ux_db_backups_filename ON db_backups(backup_dir, filename);
+CREATE INDEX ix_db_backups_created_at ON db_backups(created_at DESC);
+CREATE INDEX ix_db_backups_status ON db_backups(status);
+```
+
+### 3.4 Scheduler integration (SP16 extension)
+
+`BackupService` is configured in the lifespan alongside the MFT
+scheduler. A separate `BackupScheduler` class wraps `BackupService`
+and ticks on its own interval. Auto-start opt-in via
+`CYCLONE_BACKUP_AUTOSTART=true`.
+
+### 3.5 API endpoints
+
+| Method | Path | Purpose |
+|--------|------|---------|
+| POST | `/api/admin/backup/create` | Create a backup now |
+| GET  | `/api/admin/backup/list` | List backups (newest first) |
+| GET  | `/api/admin/backup/status` | Last backup time, count, schedule |
+| POST | `/api/admin/backup/{id}/verify` | Decrypt + checksum verify |
+| POST | `/api/admin/backup/{id}/restore/initiate` | First call: get restore_token + preview |
+| POST | `/api/admin/backup/{id}/restore/confirm` | Second call: actually swap |
+| POST | `/api/admin/backup/prune` | Apply retention policy now |
+
+### 3.6 CLI
+
+```
+cyclone backup create
+cyclone backup list
+cyclone backup verify <id|filename>
+cyclone backup restore <id|filename> --yes
+cyclone backup prune
+cyclone backup init-passphrase   # interactively set the Keychain passphrase
+```
+
+## 4. Audit events (SP11)
+
+Every backup lifecycle event writes a tamper-evident `audit_log` row:
+
+- `db.backup_created` — payload includes `backup_id`, `db_fingerprint`, `table_count`, `actor`.
+- `db.backup_failed` — payload includes `reason`, `traceback_tail`.
+- `db.backup_restored` — payload includes `backup_id`, `restored_at`, `actor`.
+- `db.backup_pruned` — payload includes `deleted_paths: list[str]`, `actor`.
+- `db.backup_passphrase_set` — payload includes `key_fingerprint`, `actor`.
+
+## 5. Failure modes
+
+| Failure | Behavior |
+|---------|----------|
+| SQLCipher key missing | create_now() refuses with `BackupError("encryption not enabled")` |
+| Passphrase missing | Falls back to deriving key from SQLCipher key + a fixed salt (`cyclone-db-backup-fallback-v1`). Logged at WARNING. |
+| Disk full | Temp file removed, row marked error, audit event written. |
+| Decrypt fails (wrong passphrase) | `BackupDecryptError` raised, row marked error. |
+| Restore initiated while app has live traffic | Two-step confirm gates the actual swap; the engine is rebuilt in `dispose_engine` + `reinit_engine`. Brief downtime (~50ms) acknowledged to operator. |
+| Clock skew on sidecar.created_at | We use the filesystem mtime as ground truth, not the OS-reported time. |
+
+## 6. Out of scope
+
+- Off-site upload (S3, B2, etc.) — operator's `rsync` to their offsite is the v1 answer.
+- Compression — `.backup` is already a copy of pages, not much win.
+- Incremental backups — full `.backup` is the right atomicity unit.
+- Backup encryption with HSM / KMS — local Keychain is the operator model.
+- Backup-of-backups — that's a DR runbook item, not a v1 feature.
+
+## 7. Tests
+
+| Suite | Count | Covers |
+|-------|-------|--------|
+| `test_backup_crypto.py` | 8 | key derivation, encrypt/decrypt round-trip, tampered ciphertext, wrong passphrase |
+| `test_backup_service.py` | 12 | create/list/verify/restore/prune, sidecar I/O, retention policy |
+| `test_api_backup.py` | 9 | all 7 endpoints, error responses, two-step restore |
+| `test_cli_backup.py` | 5 | all 5 subcommands |
+
+Total: 34 new tests. All pass.
+
+## 8. Operator runbook (post-SP17)
+
+```bash
+# One-time: set the backup passphrase (separate from the SQLCipher key)
+cyclone backup init-passphrase
+# Enter + confirm a strong passphrase; stored in macOS Keychain under
+# service "cyclone", account "backup.passphrase".
+
+# Manual backup
+cyclone backup create
+# → cyclone-backup-20260621T153000Z.bin + .meta.json in $CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR
+#   (default: ~/.local/share/cyclone/backups/)
+
+# List
+cyclone backup list
+
+# Verify a backup
+cyclone backup verify 42
+# → {"ok": true, "db_fingerprint": "sha256:...", "table_count": 11}
+
+# Restore
+cyclone backup restore 42 --yes
+# → prompts for confirmation; rebuilds the engine against the restored DB
+
+# Prune (also runs nightly on the scheduler tick)
+cyclone backup prune
+# → deletes backups older than CYCLONE_BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS (default 30)
+```
+
+Auto-start the scheduler at app launch:
+
+```bash
+export CYCLONE_BACKUP_AUTOSTART=true
+export CYCLONE_BACKUP_INTERVAL_HOURS=24      # default
+export CYCLONE_BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS=30      # default
+export CYCLONE_BACKUP_DIR=~/.local/share/cyclone/backups  # default
+```
+
+## 9. Why this ships after SP16
+
+SP16 (MFT polling) was the last big operational gap before backups
+became urgent: with the scheduler running, an operator can lose days
+of inbound 999/277CA work in one crash if there's no recent backup.
+SP17 closes that loop.

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-npi-validation-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# SP20 — NPI Checksum + Tax ID Format Validation
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-21
+**Branch:** `sp20-npi-validation`
+**Status:** Shipped
+**Scope:** Backend only. No frontend changes.
+
+---
+
+## 1. Why this exists
+
+Cyclone's completeness review (`docs/reviews/2026-06-20-cyclone-completeness-review.md`
+§3.1.10) flags this gap:
+
+> **No NPI validation.** NPIs are captured (`claim.party.npi`) and
+> used in matching, but never validated against the NPPES registry.
+> Bad NPIs (typos, deactivated) silently propagate.
+
+A real NPI is 10 digits where the last digit is a **Luhn checksum**
+over the 9 preceding digits prefixed with the constant `80840`
+(NPPES's "healthcare provider identifier" prefix).
+
+**Tax ID** format: 9 digits, optionally formatted `XX-XXXXXXX`. We
+don't validate against the IRS (that requires their published
+e-file schema), but we *do* catch obvious typos — non-numeric chars,
+wrong length, EIN prefix `00`/`07`/`8X` (reserved / never assigned).
+
+This SP adds both checks as pure local validators — no network, no
+NPPES call. Operators who want real NPPES verification can wire it
+in later; this SP catches the 99% case (a typo) at parse time.
+
+## 2. Operator surface
+
+| Surface | Usage |
+|---------|-------|
+| Python | `from cyclone.npi import is_valid_npi, is_valid_tax_id` |
+| CLI | `cyclone validate-npi 1881068062` |
+| CLI | `cyclone validate-tax-id 72-1587149` |
+| API | `GET /api/admin/validate-provider?npi=1881068062&tax_id=72-1587149` |
+
+The parser's claim-level validator (cyclone.parsers.validator) gains
+a new R-rule that flags bad NPIs as a `validation.warning` (not an
+error — the operator might be intentionally ingesting test files with
+placeholder NPIs).
+
+## 3. Files
+
+* `cyclone/npi.py` — new module (~120 LOC). `is_valid_npi()`,
+  `is_valid_tax_id()`, `npi_checksum()`, plus the NPPES constant.
+* `cyclone.parsers.validator` — new rule that flags bad NPIs in the
+  billing / rendering / referring / service-facility loops.
+* `cyclone.api` — new admin endpoint.
+* `cyclone.cli` — `validate-npi` + `validate-tax-id` subcommands.
+* Tests: `test_npi.py` (12), `test_api_validate_provider.py` (4),
+  `test_cli_validate.py` (4) — 20 new tests.
+
+## 4. Threat model
+
+NPIs and tax IDs are sensitive (PHI under HIPAA). The validators run
+locally; nothing leaves the process. The CLI's `validate-npi`
+subcommand doesn't log the value (operators shouldn't paste real
+NPIs into shared logs).

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-pipeline-agent-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+# Sub-project 22 — Cyclone Pipeline Agent: Design Spec
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-21
+**Status:** Draft (awaiting user review)
+**Branch:** `sp22-pipeline-agent` (not yet created; will branch from `main`)
+**Aesthetic direction:** n/a (backend automation; no UI surface)
+
+## 1. Scope
+
+A production-grade agent (sibling Python package `cyclone-pipeline`) that
+automates the full submission lifecycle of an EDI 837P file through Cyclone
+to the Gainwell MFT, and watches for the inbound TA1 + 999 ACKs that
+confirm acceptance. The agent exists so a single human operator can drop a
+file in and walk away; the agent handles the browser upload, SFTP
+submission, ACK polling, and report generation end to end, and writes a
+self-contained run directory that OpenClaw / Nora / any other automation
+can read.
+
+**In scope:**
+
+- Sibling Python package at `/Users/openclaw/dev/cyclone-pipeline/` (no
+  shared imports with the cyclone app; talks to cyclone exclusively over
+  HTTP).
+- CLI surface: `run <file>`, `run-batch <dir>`, `status <run-id>`,
+  `resume <run-id>`, `check-835 <run-id>`.
+- Library surface: `CyclonePipeline` class with `run()`, `run_batch()`,
+  `resume()`, `check_835()` for embedding in OpenClaw / Nora.
+- 7-phase state machine: pre-flight → upload (browser) → verify parse →
+  SFTP submit → wait TA1 → wait 999 → scan HTML + report. The "scan
+  HTML" and "final report" steps are combined as phase 7 (the HTML
+  scan populates the report; the report write is phase 7's
+  postcondition).
+- Per-run output folder with `report.{md,json}`, `run.log`,
+  `run.state.json`, and `screenshots/` with stable filenames.
+- Crash-safe resume: `run.state.json` is written after each phase's
+  postcondition; `resume` skips completed phases.
+- Headless + visible browser modes; default visible so screenshots are
+  useful for debugging.
+- Defensive reliability: typed exceptions, 3× retry with backoff on
+  idempotent operations, timeouts per phase, screenshots on failure,
+  Keychain-failure guidance.
+- Test suite: `pytest` + `pytest-asyncio` + `respx` (httpx mock) +
+  `pytest-playwright` for the small browser surface. Non-browser tests
+  run on every PR; Playwright tests gated to `main`.
+
+**Out of scope (deferred):**
+
+- **835 waiting within a single run.** CO Medicaid 835 remittances land
+  the following Monday, on the payment cycle. A run that blocks for up
+  to 7 days is impractical. The agent defers 835 detection to a separate
+  `check-835 <run-id>` subcommand that the operator runs on/after
+  Monday. The report always carries the `check-835` recipe.
+- **277CA polling.** CO Medicaid does not use 277CA claim-level ACKs;
+  the agent never polls for them. (The `GET /api/277ca-acks` endpoint
+  exists in the API surface but is not exercised by this agent.)
+- **Watch-folder / daemon mode.** The agent is on-demand. A cron job that
+  invokes `cyclone-pipeline run-batch /inbox/*.txt --strict` on a 5-min
+  schedule achieves the same effect with no daemon in the loop.
+- **Multi-payer support.** The agent targets CO Medicaid (the only
+  configured payer in `config/payers.yaml`). A new payer means new
+  payer-specific regex / file-naming / SFTP block — out of scope for v1.
+- **Patient peek or other drill-down features.** This is a backend
+  automation; no UI changes.
+- **Editing the audit log or any existing cyclone data.** The agent
+  only reads + triggers; it never writes to cyclone's DB except through
+  the published APIs.
+
+## 2. Locked decisions
+
+### 2.1 Architecture
+
+API-first + minimal Playwright shell. The browser is used only for the
+upload page (drop zone, Parse button, progress bar). Everything else
+(verification, SFTP submit, scheduler control, ACK polling, claim-state
+checks) hits the FastAPI directly via `httpx.AsyncClient`.
+
+Rationale: the upload page is the only surface in cyclone with a real
+interactive flow. Clearinghouse submission is API-only; the MFT
+scheduler is API-only; ACK retrieval is API-only. A pure-Playwright
+approach would be 3–5x more code and considerably flakier on the
+API-driven phases, with no benefit.
+
+### 2.2 Sibling package, not an extra
+
+The agent lives at `/Users/openclaw/dev/cyclone-pipeline/` with its own
+`pyproject.toml`, not as a new optional extra on the existing cyclone
+package. Rationale: the agent has Playwright as a hard dependency; we
+do not want Playwright in cyclone's dev env for developers who never
+invoke the agent. Separate package = clean separation of concerns.
+
+### 2.3 Real round-trip, but only the parts that are time-bounded
+
+The agent waits for **TA1 (envelope ACK)** and **999 (file-level ACK)**.
+It does **not** wait for 277CA (CO Medicaid doesn't use it) or 835
+(payment cycle is next Monday). 835 detection is a separate, fast
+follow-up command that the operator runs on Monday.
+
+Rationale: blocking a run for up to 7 days is impractical and ties up
+operator attention. The TA1 + 999 receipt is the unambiguous "your file
+was accepted by the payer at the file level" signal; the 835 is
+eventually-consistent and doesn't need a tight loop.
+
+### 2.4 CO Medicaid / Gainwell specifics
+
+- **SFTP server:** `mft.gainwelltechnologies.com:22`
+- **Inbound path:** `/CO XIX/PROD/coxix_prod_11525703/FromHPE`
+- **Outbound file naming:** `11525703-837P-{yyyymmddhhmmssSSS}-1of1.txt`
+  (17-digit Mountain Time timestamp; matches the `clearhouse` config's
+  `outbound` template in `config/payers.yaml`).
+- **Inbound ACKs (in observed order):**
+  1. TA1 (seconds to minutes) — envelope-level
+  2. 999 (minutes) — file-level
+  3. HTML (sometimes) — non-X12 artifact, lands in inbound, not parsed
+  4. 835 (next Monday) — remit
+  5. 277CA — *never used by CO Medicaid*
+
+### 2.5 Failure semantics
+
+- **Upload retries:** 3× attempts; each attempt is a fresh page load +
+  file re-attach + click. Screenshots on every attempt.
+- **SFTP submit retries:** 3× attempts with `1s → 2s → 4s` backoff. The
+  submit endpoint is POST and is *not* auto-retried after a network
+  timeout (would double-submit); the retry covers `409 Conflict` /
+  `503 Service Unavailable` only.
+- **TA1 timeout (5 min):** if no TA1 arrives, the run is **soft-fail**.
+  The submission is "in flight" — the report says so and recommends
+  checking Gainwell directly.
+- **999 timeout (15 min):** same — soft-fail. Most production runs
+  complete this phase in < 2 min.
+- **999 received with status `R` (rejected):** hard-fail. The 999's
+  rejection segments surface in the report with full context.
+- **HTML detected in inbound:** warn in the report; do not fail.
+- **835 not present at end of run:** expected; reported as
+  "deferred — expected next Monday" with the `check-835` recipe.
+- **Process crash (SIGKILL, power loss, etc.):** the next `resume` skips
+  completed phases by reading `run.state.json`. No work is lost except
+  the in-flight phase.
+
+### 2.6 Idempotency
+
+- The MFT outbound filename embeds a millisecond Mountain Time
+  timestamp, so back-to-back submissions to the same input file are
+  unique on the SFTP server. No `Idempotency-Key` header is needed.
+- The agent captures the new `claim_id[]` set from phase 3 (verify
+  parse) and refuses to SFTP-submit if any of those claim IDs already
+  appear in a prior `processed_inbound_files` row within a configurable
+  dedup window (default 24h). `--force` overrides the dedup.
+- The `check-835` command is fully idempotent: querying
+  `GET /api/remittances?since=<date>` is read-only.
+
+### 2.7 Output shape
+
+Every run writes a dated folder under `./runs/`. The folder is
+self-contained — anyone reading it has the full picture without needing
+the live cyclone instance.
+
+```
+runs/2026-06-21-1430-001/
+├── run.log                    # structured JSON, structlog
+├── run.state.json             # for resume
+├── report.md                  # human-readable summary
+├── report.json                # machine-readable, OpenClaw/Nora-friendly
+└── screenshots/
+    ├── 01-preflight.png
+    ├── 02-upload-1.png        # attempts are numbered
+    ├── 02-upload-2.png
+    ├── 03-parse-complete.png
+    ├── 04-submit.png
+    ├── 05-ta1.png
+    ├── 06-999.png
+    ├── 07-inbound-scan.png    # HTML detection screenshot
+    └── 99-final-inbox.png     # final state of the Inbox page
+```
+
+On failure, the `finally` block adds `screenshots/FAIL-{phase}.png` and
+a `failure.md` with the traceback + phase + remediation hint.
+
+## 3. Module map
+
+| File | Role |
+|---|---|
+| `pyproject.toml` | Project metadata; declares httpx, playwright, click, pydantic, structlog; dev deps: pytest, pytest-asyncio, respx, pytest-playwright |
+| `README.md` | Install, run, embed-in-agent examples |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/__init__.py` | Public API re-exports |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/__main__.py` | `python -m cyclone_pipeline run …` |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/cli.py` | Click CLI: `run`, `run-batch`, `status`, `resume`, `check-835` |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/pipeline.py` | `CyclonePipeline` orchestrator; 7-phase state machine |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/api_client.py` | `httpx.AsyncClient` wrapper with typed methods |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/browser.py` | Playwright `UploadPage` class for the upload UI |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/waiters.py` | Reusable wait primitives (claim state, ACK arrival) |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/state.py` | `RunState` dataclass + `run.state.json` writer/reader |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/screenshots.py` | Dated folder + stable filename helper |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/report.py` | `report.md` + `report.json` writer |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/selectors.py` | Centralized Playwright selectors with fallbacks |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/exceptions.py` | Typed errors: `UploadError`, `ParseError`, `SubmitError`, `AckTimeoutError`, `SchedulerNotRunningError`, `IdempotencyError` |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/logging_setup.py` | `structlog` config matching cyclone's SP18 JSON style |
+| `src/cyclone_pipeline/check_835.py` | The deferred 835 detector (pure API, no browser) |
+| `tests/conftest.py` | Shared fixtures: fake API server, mock browser, fake clock |
+| `tests/test_api_client.py` | Typed responses, retry behavior, timeouts (respx) |
+| `tests/test_waiters.py` | Backoff, timeout, predicate resolution (fake clock) |
+| `tests/test_browser.py` | safe_click, attach_file, progress wait (pytest-playwright) |
+| `tests/test_pipeline.py` | End-to-end orchestration, state machine, resume (mocks) |
+| `tests/test_report.py` | Markdown + JSON shape, screenshot paths (golden files) |
+| `tests/test_cli.py` | `run`, `run-batch`, `resume`, `check-835` (Click's CliRunner) |
+| `tests/test_check_835.py` | `check-835` happy path + "835 not yet present" path |
+| `tests/fixtures/sample_837p.edi` | A small valid 837P file for tests (copied from cyclone's `tests/fixtures/minimal_837p.txt`) |
+
+## 4. Pipeline phases
+
+The state machine in `pipeline.py` advances through 7 phases. Each phase
+has: `precondition`, `execute`, `postcondition`, `retry_policy`, and a
+side-effect of writing `run.state.json` + a screenshot at the end of a
+successful attempt.
+
+### Phase 1 — Pre-flight (API)
+
+- `GET /api/health` → expect `status == "ok"` and `db.ok == true`.
+- `GET /api/admin/scheduler/status` → record scheduler state
+  (`running` / `stopped`). If `stopped`, the agent will call
+  `POST /api/admin/scheduler/tick` per-iteration in phase 5/6 instead
+  of relying on the polling loop.
+- Verify the browser-side URL is reachable: `HEAD {browser_base}/`
+  via `httpx` (cheap, no rendering). If the frontend dev server isn't
+  up, fail-fast with `BrowserNotReachableError` rather than discovering
+  this in phase 2.
+- Capture the API base URL + browser base URL for the report.
+- Screenshot the Upload page in its empty state →
+  `screenshots/01-preflight.png`.
+
+### Phase 2 — Upload (Playwright)
+
+- `chromium.launch(headless=VISIBLE)` (configurable).
+- `page.goto(f"{browser_base}/upload")`.
+- `expect(drop_zone).to_be_visible(timeout=10s)`.
+- `set_input_files("input[type=file]", file_path)` (the hidden input
+  behind the drop zone; `set_input_files` works on hidden inputs).
+- `expect(file_name_display).to_have_text(file.name)`.
+- `safe_click("button:has-text('Parse')")`.
+- `wait_for_progress_complete()` — polls the progress bar
+  (`text_content` containing `"100%"`) or the success toast
+  (`text_content` containing `"Parsed N claims"`), whichever comes
+  first, with a 5 min ceiling.
+- Screenshots: `screenshots/02-upload-{attempt}.png` per attempt.
+
+### Phase 3 — Verify parse (API)
+
+- The browser-side toast gives the parsed claim count; capture it.
+- `GET /api/claims?since=<phase1_start_ts>` → filter to claims whose
+  `submission_date >= phase1_start_ts`; these are the new ones.
+- Collect the set of new `claim_id` values.
+- If 0 new claims after a 30s poll, fail with `ParseError`.
+
+### Phase 4 — SFTP submit (API)
+
+- Dedup check: query `GET /api/admin/scheduler/processed-files` for
+  the past 24h; if any outbound filename pattern matches a recent
+  submission, fail with `IdempotencyError` unless `--force`.
+- `POST /api/clearhouse/submit` with `{payer_id: "CO_TXIX",
+  transaction_type: "837P"}`. The body is small; the server picks
+  the batch from the newly-parsed claims.
+- Expect 200; if 5xx with a "keychain" hint, raise `SubmitError` with
+  the macOS Keychain setup recipe inline.
+- Screenshot: `screenshots/04-submit.png` (the Inbox page right after
+  submit, showing the batch in the lane).
+
+### Phase 5 — Wait for TA1 (API poll)
+
+- `GET /api/ta1-acks?since=<phase4_ts>` in a loop, every 5s, with a
+  5 min ceiling.
+- Match by `isa13` (the control number in the submitted interchange
+  envelope; surfaced in the TA1 record).
+- If scheduler is `stopped`, call `POST /api/admin/scheduler/tick`
+  between polls to manually drive the MFT fetch.
+- On hit: capture `ta1_id`, `accepted` (vs `rejected`), screenshot the
+  TA1 detail in the Acks page → `screenshots/05-ta1.png`.
+- On timeout: soft-fail; record `ta1_status: "timeout"`.
+
+### Phase 6 — Wait for 999 (API poll)
+
+- `GET /api/acks?since=<phase4_ts>` in a loop, every 10s, with a
+  15 min ceiling.
+- Match by `original_batch_id` (or, if not available, by
+  `functional_group_control_number` from the submitted file's GS06).
+- On hit: capture `ack_id`, `status` (`A` = accepted, `R` = rejected,
+  `E` = rejected with errors), the rejection segment details if
+  rejected.
+- On `A`: screenshot the Acks page → `screenshots/06-999.png`.
+- On `R`: hard-fail; record `ack.status == "rejected"`, the rejection
+  segments, and the recommended remediation in the report.
+- On timeout: soft-fail; record `ack_999_status: "timeout"`.
+
+### Phase 7 — Scan for HTML + final report (API + local)
+
+- `GET /api/admin/scheduler/processed-files?since=<phase4_ts>` — list
+  inbound files the MFT scheduler saw during the run. If any has
+  `file_type == "html"` or an unrecognized extension, log a WARN,
+  capture the filename, and add it to the report's "Detected artifacts"
+  section.
+- Generate `report.md` and `report.json` (see §5).
+- Screenshot the Inbox page → `screenshots/99-final-inbox.png`.
+- Emit a one-line summary on stdout for shell pipelines:
+  `RESULT: PASS  run=2026-06-21-1430-001  ta1=TA1-42  999=999-43  835=deferred`.
+
+## 5. Output format
+
+### 5.1 `report.md` (human)
+
+```markdown
+# Cyclone pipeline run — 2026-06-21 14:30 PDT
+
+| Field         | Value                              |
+|---------------|------------------------------------|
+| Run id        | 2026-06-21-1430-001                |
+| Input         | /path/to/axiscare-837p.txt (12.4 KB) |
+| Result        | PASS — TA1 + 999 received, 835 deferred |
+| Duration      | 2m 14s                             |
+
+## Phase summary
+
+| Phase                  | Status | Duration | Detail                                  |
+|------------------------|--------|----------|-----------------------------------------|
+| 1. Pre-flight          | OK     | 0.4s     | health.ok, scheduler running            |
+| 2. Upload              | OK     | 2.1s     | 1 attempt, 17 claims parsed             |
+| 3. Verify parse        | OK     | 0.8s     | claim_ids: CLM-001 … CLM-017            |
+| 4. SFTP submit         | OK     | 4.3s     | filename 11525703-837P-20260621143012345-1of1.txt |
+| 5. Wait TA1            | OK     | 12s      | ack id: TA1-42, accepted                |
+| 6. Wait 999            | OK     | 1m 14s   | ack id: 999-43, status Accepted         |
+| 7. Scan HTML + report  | WARN   | 0.2s     | 1 HTML file in inbound, skipped; report.md + report.json written |
+
+## Inbound artifacts detected
+
+- 1 HTML file (`gainwell_status_20260621.htm`) — not parsed, not a failure.
+
+## Expected next steps
+
+- **835 expected Monday** (2026-06-28; computed as next Monday in
+  Mountain Time at the moment of report generation; if today is
+  Monday before noon, expected same day, otherwise next Monday).
+  Re-run: `cyclone-pipeline check-835 2026-06-21-1430-001`
+
+## Artifacts
+
+- screenshots/01-preflight.png
+- screenshots/02-upload-1.png
+- screenshots/03-parse-complete.png
+- screenshots/04-submit.png
+- screenshots/05-ta1.png
+- screenshots/06-999.png
+- screenshots/99-final-inbox.png
+```
+
+### 5.2 `report.json` (machine)
+
+```json
+{
+  "run_id": "2026-06-21-1430-001",
+  "input": {
+    "path": "/path/to/axiscare-837p.txt",
+    "size_bytes": 12700,
+    "sha256": "…"
+  },
+  "result": "pass",
+  "result_detail": "TA1 + 999 received, 835 deferred",
+  "started_at": "2026-06-21T14:30:00-06:00",
+  "finished_at": "2026-06-21T14:32:14-06:00",
+  "duration_s": 134,
+  "phases": [
+    {"n": 1, "name": "preflight", "status": "ok", "duration_s": 0.4},
+    {"n": 2, "name": "upload",    "status": "ok", "duration_s": 2.1, "attempts": 1},
+    {"n": 3, "name": "verify_parse", "status": "ok", "duration_s": 0.8, "claim_ids": ["CLM-001", "…"]},
+    {"n": 4, "name": "submit",    "status": "ok", "duration_s": 4.3, "filename": "11525703-837P-…"},
+    {"n": 5, "name": "wait_ta1",  "status": "ok", "duration_s": 12, "ta1_id": "TA1-42", "accepted": true},
+    {"n": 6, "name": "wait_999",  "status": "ok", "duration_s": 74, "ack_999_id": "999-43", "status": "A"},
+    {"n": 7, "name": "scan_and_report", "status": "warn", "duration_s": 0.2, "html_files": ["gainwell_status_20260621.htm"], "report_paths": {"md": "report.md", "json": "report.json"}}
+  ],
+  "artifacts": {
+    "screenshots": ["01-preflight.png", "…", "99-final-inbox.png"],
+    "report_md": "report.md",
+    "report_json": "report.json",
+    "run_log": "run.log"
+  },
+  "next_steps": {
+    "check_835": "cyclone-pipeline check-835 2026-06-21-1430-001",
+    "expected_835_by": "2026-06-28"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+On soft-fail (TA1 or 999 timeout) or hard-fail (999 rejected), the
+`result` is `"soft_fail"` or `"hard_fail"`, the offending phase gets
+`status: "timeout"` / `"rejected"`, and a `failure` block is added
+with the traceback, recommended remediation, and the `failure.md` path.
+
+### 5.3 Exit codes
+
+| Code | Meaning |
+|------|---------|
+| 0    | PASS — TA1 + 999 both received, both accepted |
+| 2    | SOFT_FAIL — TA1 or 999 timed out; submission in flight, manual check needed |
+| 3    | HARD_FAIL — 999 rejected, upload failed irrecoverably, or submit refused |
+| 4    | USAGE — bad CLI args, missing file, backend unreachable after retries |
+
+This mirrors common CI conventions so OpenClaw / Nora / shell scripts
+can branch on `$?` without parsing JSON.
+
+## 6. Library API (for OpenClaw / Nora)
+
+```python
+from cyclone_pipeline import CyclonePipeline, RunResult
+
+async def main():
+    pipeline = CyclonePipeline(
+        api_base="http://127.0.0.1:8000",
+        browser_base="http://127.0.0.1:5173",
+        run_dir="./runs",
+        headless=False,
+        timeouts={"ta1_s": 300, "ack_999_s": 900},
+    )
+
+    result: RunResult = await pipeline.run(file_path="axiscare-837p.txt")
+    # result.outcome: "pass" | "soft_fail" | "hard_fail" | "usage"
+    # result.exit_code: int (0/2/3/4; mirrors CLI exit codes in §5.3)
+    # result.report: RunReport (Pydantic model; serializes to report.json)
+    # result.run_id: str
+
+    # Or batch:
+    results = await pipeline.run_batch(file_paths=[...], strict=False)
+
+    # Or resume:
+    result = await pipeline.resume(run_id="2026-06-21-1430-001")
+
+    # Or check 835 later:
+    ack = await pipeline.check_835(run_id="2026-06-21-1430-001")
+    # ack.found, ack.remittance_id, ack.total_paid, ...
+```
+
+`RunResult` is a Pydantic model so OpenClaw / Nora can serialize it
+straight to JSON without any extra glue.
+
+## 7. Tests
+
+| Test file | Strategy |
+|---|---|
+| `tests/test_api_client.py` | `respx` mock; verify typed responses, retry-on-idempotent, no-retry-on-POST, timeout behavior |
+| `tests/test_waiters.py` | Inject fake clock + fake state; verify backoff math, timeout, predicate resolution |
+| `tests/test_browser.py` | `pytest-playwright` against a Vite dev server spun up in CI; covers `safe_click`, `set_input_files`, progress wait |
+| `tests/test_pipeline.py` | Mock both `api_client` and `browser`; drive fake "happy path" through every phase + "phase 5 timeout" + "phase 3 parse error" + "phase 6 reject" |
+| `tests/test_report.py` | Golden-file comparison for `report.md` and `report.json` |
+| `tests/test_cli.py` | Click's `CliRunner`; covers all 5 subcommands + error paths |
+| `tests/test_check_835.py` | Mock `GET /api/remittances?since=…`; happy path + "835 not yet present" path |
+
+CI: GitHub Actions matrix on Python 3.11 + 3.12. Non-Playwright tests
+run on every PR; Playwright tests gated to `main` push (the Vite
+dev-server + chromium setup is too slow for every PR).
+
+Coverage target: 90% line coverage on `pipeline.py`, 85% on the rest.
+`browser.py` is exempt from the strict target (Playwright's own
+assertion failures are the real test).
+
+## 8. Files to add
+
+- `pyproject.toml` — package metadata, deps, dev deps, scripts entry
+- `README.md` — install, run, embed-in-agent examples
+- 14 source files under `src/cyclone_pipeline/` listed in §3
+- 8 test files under `tests/` listed in §3
+- `tests/fixtures/sample_837p.edi` — small valid 837P for tests
+  (copied from cyclone's `tests/fixtures/minimal_837p.txt`)
+
+Total: 24 files (1 `pyproject.toml`, 1 `README.md`, 14 src `.py`, 8
+test `.py`, 1 fixture).
+
+## 9. Files NOT touched
+
+- No changes to the cyclone repo. The agent is a strict HTTP consumer
+  of cyclone's published API.
+- No changes to cyclone's DB schema, API, CLI, or UI.
+- No new dependencies added to cyclone's `pyproject.toml`.
+
+## 10. Future work (explicit non-goals for v1)
+
+- **Watch-folder daemon** — `cyclone-pipeline watch /inbox/*.txt` that
+  runs continuously and submits files as they appear. Achievable with
+  the current `run-batch` + a 1-line shell loop; the daemon is just UX.
+- **Multi-payer support** — adding a new payer (e.g., a second
+  Medicaid MCO) means new payer-specific SFTP block, file naming
+  template, and ID-matching strategy. Worth doing once a second payer
+  is on the books.
+- **Slack / email notification on completion** — `report.json` is the
+  integration point; a 50-LOC notifier could post a summary. v1 just
+  prints the one-line summary and writes the file.
+- **Pushing reports to S3 / a share** — same as above; `report.json`
+  is the integration point.
+- **Web UI for run history** — out of scope; OpenClaw / Nora can read
+  the `runs/` directory and surface the JSON.
+- **277CA polling for payers that use it** — straightforward to add
+  behind a `--payer-config` flag once a second payer is configured.
+  277CA support in cyclone is already shipped; only the agent's wait
+  list changes.
+
+## 11. Open questions (none for v1)
+
+None. The design is locked pending user review of this spec.

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-security-hardening-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# SP19 — Security Hardening + Health Probe
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-21
+**Branch:** `sp19-security-hardening`
+**Status:** Shipped
+**Scope:** Backend only. No frontend changes.
+
+---
+
+## 1. Why this exists
+
+Cyclone's completeness review (`docs/reviews/2026-06-20-cyclone-completeness-review.md`
+§3.1.4, §3.1.25, §3.2.24) flags three concrete gaps in the local-only /
+single-operator threat model:
+
+* **3.1.4 — No request size limits / no rate limits.** FastAPI defaults
+  accept any body size and any request rate. A 4 GB file upload OOMs
+  the parser; a flood of requests holds the GIL. Even for a
+  `127.0.0.1`-only tool, the operator's machine might be exposed via
+  Tailscale, ngrok, or a misconfigured firewall.
+* **3.1.25 — No CSP / security headers.** CORS is set; the rest of
+  FastAPI's defaults are in play. `X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff`,
+  `X-Frame-Options: DENY`, a `Content-Security-Policy` that locks the
+  Vite origin, and `Referrer-Policy: same-origin` should be on by
+  default.
+* **3.2.24 — `/api/health` is shallow.** It returns only the package
+  version. A real liveness probe should report DB connectivity, last
+  batch timestamp, pubsub subscriber count, and whether the MFT
+  scheduler is running.
+
+SP19 closes all three.
+
+## 2. Operator surface
+
+| Env var | Default | Meaning |
+|---------|---------|---------|
+| `CYCLONE_MAX_BODY_BYTES` | `52428800` (50 MB) | Reject any request whose `Content-Length` exceeds this. |
+| `CYCLONE_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MIN` | `300` | Per-IP requests/minute (sliding window). |
+| `CYCLONE_HEALTH_INCLUDE_DETAILS` | `true` | Include DB / scheduler / pubsub details in `/api/health`. |
+
+CLI: no new flags. The values come from env vars only.
+
+## 3. Files
+
+* `cyclone/security.py` — new module (~150 LOC).
+  * `BodySizeLimitMiddleware` — rejects oversized requests before
+    they're parsed.
+  * `RateLimitMiddleware` — token-bucket per IP, in-memory.
+  * `SecurityHeadersMiddleware` — adds the static response headers.
+  * `get_health_snapshot()` — gathers DB / scheduler / pubsub info.
+* `cyclone.api` lifespan attaches the three middlewares in the
+  FastAPI `add_middleware` chain. `api_routers/health.py` is
+  rewritten to use `get_health_snapshot()`.
+* Audit log: every rejection (size / rate / method) writes a
+  `api.request_rejected` event so an operator can correlate with the
+  SP11 hash chain.
+
+## 4. Threat model
+
+The SP19 hardening is sized for Cyclone's actual exposure:
+
+* **In scope:** a misconfigured Tailscale / ngrok / accidental LAN
+  bind, a buggy cron job that POSTs a 4 GB file, a port-scanner that
+  scrapes the API.
+* **Out of scope:** an attacker with shell on the operator's
+  machine, a compromised dependency (handled separately by uv
+  pinning), a network MitM (handled by SP12 SQLCipher + TLS at the
+  reverse proxy layer).
+
+## 5. Tests
+
+* `test_security.py` — 12 tests
+  (body size accept/reject, rate limit allow/deny/recover, headers
+  present, health snapshot shape, audit-log fired on reject).
+* `test_api_health.py` — 4 tests (200 ok, DB-down reports unhealthy,
+  scheduler-running reported, pubsub subscriber count surfaced).
+
+Total: 16 new tests.

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-skill-catalog-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# Cyclone Skill Catalog — Design Spec
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-21
+**Status:** Draft, pending user review
+**Branch:** `main`
+**Scope:** A catalog of 8 project-scoped Grok skills under `cyclone/.superpowers/skills/` that codify Cyclone's conventions layer-by-layer. No code changes; pure guidance artifacts.
+
+## Context
+
+Cyclone is now a substantial codebase — `api.py` (~111KB) and `store.py` (~95KB) are monoliths being actively split, ~30 EDI parsers, 21 pages / 30 components / 35 hooks on the frontend, 90+ pytest tests, 14 specs and 8 plans already on disk. There is enough surface area that an AI agent (or a new contributor) repeatedly re-derives the same conventions: where the live-tail wire format lives, which validator file owns which rule, how a new SP-N spec is named, where prodfiles fixtures go.
+
+This spec introduces a catalog of 8 skills, one per major subsystem, that encode those conventions so they are loaded on demand instead of re-derived each time. Each skill is auto-discovered by description match (no slash command). The success criterion is **consistency across modules** — when adding a new EDI parser, a new streaming page, a new API router, etc., the skill hands the AI the established conventions for that subsystem so additions stay consistent with what's already there.
+
+## Decisions (locked during brainstorming)
+
+1. **Scope:** 8 skills, layer-mapped (one skill per subsystem). Not workflow-anchored, not reference-plus-convention hybrid. Layer-mapped was chosen because each subsystem has exactly one owner and the success criterion is consistency per layer.
+2. **Location:** Project-scoped, under `cyclone/.superpowers/skills/`. Auto-discovered whenever anyone works in this repo. Not global.
+3. **Categories covered:** Code-pattern / domain skills + Process / workflow skills. Testing-fixture and operational-CLI skills deferred (none selected).
+4. **Success criterion:** Consistency across modules (selected over faster onboarding / process discipline / navigability).
+5. **No hub skill.** The catalog itself lives in this spec and (later) in the README's skills section. The AI doesn't load a runtime index.
+6. **No loading graph.** Each skill cross-references the others it pairs with, but no prescriptive load order is encoded. Auto-discovery fires per-description.
+
+## The catalog
+
+| # | Skill | Owns |
+|---|-------|------|
+| 1 | `cyclone-spec` | The SP-N superpowers flow as a one-shot: branch naming, `docs/superpowers/specs/…-design.md` + `…-plan.md` templates, PR title format. |
+| 2 | `cyclone-tests` | pytest + vitest fixture patterns; `backend/tests/fixtures/` layout; `.test.tsx` sibling convention; prodfiles drop-in procedure. |
+| 3 | `cyclone-edi` | Parser/validator conventions across 837P/835/999/270/271/277CA/TA1; segment-walk pattern; validator rule format (R200/R210, NPI Luhn, EIN, CAS); fixture discovery. |
+| 4 | `cyclone-tail` | Live-tail wire format (`item` / `snapshot_end` / `heartbeat` / `item_dropped` / `error`), `useTailStream` + `useMergedTail` + per-resource hook triplet, `StatusPill` states. |
+| 5 | `cyclone-store` | Write-path conventions in `store.py`; the pubsub event contract (`claim_written` / `remittance_written` / `activity_recorded`); snapshot shape; SP21 store-split boundary map. |
+| 6 | `cyclone-api-router` | FastAPI router conventions (`api_routers/`), `api_helpers.py` reuse, response shapes, error envelopes. |
+| 7 | `cyclone-frontend-page` | Page-component pattern (TanStack Query + tail + drawer + URL state), `use<X>` hook convention, `Layout` / `PageHeader` / `Sidebar` usage. |
+| 8 | `cyclone-cli` | CLI subcommand conventions in `cli.py` (serve/parse/backup/rotate-key/validate), argparse style, exit codes, smoke-test patterns. |
+
+## Per-skill structure
+
+Every skill lives at `.superpowers/skills/<name>/SKILL.md` and follows this skeleton:
+
+```
+---
+name: <kebab-case>
+description: "<one-sentence trigger, with Use when: … keywords>"
+---
+
+# <Title>
+
+## When to use
+2–5 bullets of concrete situations. ("adding a new EDI parser"
+beats "working on EDI".)
+
+## Conventions
+Numbered, testable rules. Each rule is something a reviewer can
+check.
+
+## Patterns
+Small copy-pasteable skeletons (parser stub, page hook, router
+signature). Concrete code blocks, not prose.
+
+## Anti-patterns
+Tempting-but-wrong moves. ("Don't write a new useX hook per page —
+extend the existing one.")
+
+## Related skills
+Cross-references to the other 7 skills that often pair with this
+one, one line each.
+```
+
+**References subdirs:** `<skill>/references/<file>.md` for long pattern catalogs (e.g. a per-parser mapping in `cyclone-edi`, a wire-format reference in `cyclone-tail`). Linked from SKILL.md. SKILL.md itself stays under ~200 lines; long content goes to references so the auto-load is fast.
+
+**No code in skills.** Skills are guidance for the AI, not runnable artifacts. Optional `<skill>/scripts/` only for things that genuinely need automation (e.g. a fixture-discovery script in `cyclone-edi`). Most skills won't ship scripts.
+
+**Skill size budget:** ~150–250 lines for SKILL.md, plus zero or a few references. Anything bigger is a sign the skill is trying to do two things.
+
+## Loading & cross-references
+
+**Trigger model.** Every skill is auto-discovered by description match. The `description` field is the only thing the loader sees before deciding to fire, so each gets one carefully tuned sentence. Example drafts:
+
+- `cyclone-edi` — *"Cyclone EDI parser/validator conventions (837P/835/999/270/271/277CA/TA1). Use when: adding or changing a parser, a validator rule, or a CAS code mapping."*
+- `cyclone-tail` — *"Cyclone live-tail streaming wire format and the useTailStream / useMergedTail hook triplet. Use when: adding a new streaming list page, changing the wire format, or debugging stalled/reconnecting state."*
+- `cyclone-store` — *"Cyclone store write-paths, the pubsub event contract, and the SP21 store-split boundary map. Use when: touching store.py, adding a new entity, or wiring a new write event."*
+- `cyclone-api-router` — *"Cyclone FastAPI router conventions (api_routers/, api_helpers.py, response shapes, error envelopes). Use when: adding or changing an HTTP endpoint."*
+- `cyclone-frontend-page` — *"Cyclone React page conventions (TanStack Query, use<X> hook, drawer, URL state, .test.tsx sibling). Use when: adding a new page or refactoring an existing one."*
+- `cyclone-cli` — *"Cyclone CLI subcommand conventions (cli.py, serve/parse/backup/rotate-key/validate, exit codes, smoke tests). Use when: adding a CLI subcommand or working on operator-facing commands."*
+- `cyclone-spec` — *"Cyclone SP-N superpowers increment flow — spec → plan → implement → merge. Use when: starting a new numbered feature increment or doing the merge dance."*
+- `cyclone-tests` — *"Cyclone pytest + vitest fixture patterns, prodfiles layout, backend/tests/fixtures/ conventions. Use when: adding a test or wiring in a real-EDI sample."*
+
+Descriptions are tuned so the right one fires and the others stay quiet. The "Use when:" half is the disambiguator.
+
+**Cross-references** live in two places per skill:
+1. A `## Related skills` section (per the template) — short list, one line each.
+2. An explicit `If you are also touching X, also load skill Y` line at the top of the relevant section.
+
+**Loading order isn't prescriptive.** The AI loads what's relevant; if two skills conflict, the more-specific one wins.
+
+## Build order / phasing
+
+8 skills shipped one-per-PR, grouped into 4 phases:
+
+| Phase | Skill | Rationale |
+|-------|-------|-----------|
+| **1. Foundations** | `cyclone-spec` | Already implicit in the SP-N flow; codify first because every later feature goes through it. Smallest, fastest. |
+| | `cyclone-tests` | Referenced by every other skill (fixture layout, vitest sibling pattern). Must land before any domain skill can ship its `## Anti-patterns` cleanly. |
+| **2. Domain hot spots** | `cyclone-edi` | 30 parsers, scattered validators, fixture sprawl. Highest leverage per line of skill text. |
+| | `cyclone-tail` | Wire format documented in README but consumed across 3 page-hook pairs; drift risk is concrete. |
+| **3. Backend layers** | `cyclone-store` | Aligns with SP21 (CycloneStore split, currently in plan stage). |
+| | `cyclone-api-router` | Pairs with store; `api_routers/` already exists. |
+| **4. Frontend + CLI** | `cyclone-frontend-page` | Generalizes what `cyclone-tail` already covers. |
+| | `cyclone-cli` | Standalone, lowest urgency. |
+
+**Per-skill PR shape:** single commit adding one `.superpowers/skills/<name>/SKILL.md` (+ optional `references/`). No code changes. Reviewable in isolation. If a description turns out wrong, the fix is one line.
+
+## Out of scope
+
+- Testing & fixture skills (deferred per user selection).
+- Operational / CLI safety-sequence skills beyond the basic `cyclone-cli` conventions skill (deferred per user selection).
+- Skills outside `cyclone/.superpowers/skills/`. Global skills (e.g. `~/.grok/...`) are not touched.
+- Any changes to existing code, tests, README, or specs.
+- A hub/index skill.
+
+## Verification
+
+After all 8 skills are landed:
+1. Pick a sample task from each phase (e.g. "add a new EDI parser", "add a new streaming list page") and verify the matching skill fires by description match alone (no slash command).
+2. Verify cross-references resolve — every "If you are also touching X, also load skill Y" line points to a skill that exists and whose description would actually fire for that scenario.
+3. Verify each SKILL.md stays under the ~200-line budget (long content goes to `references/`).
+4. Verify the catalog as a whole covers every subsystem with monolith risk (`api.py`, `store.py`, parsers/, hooks/) and the operator-facing surface (CLI).

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-store-split-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+# CycloneStore split (Step 4) — Design Spec
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-21
+**Status:** Draft, pending user review
+**Branch:** `main` (split will land as a single atomic commit)
+**Scope:** Behaviour-preserving structural split of `backend/src/cyclone/store.py` (2,412 lines) into a `cyclone/store/` subpackage. Zero public API changes, zero test changes.
+
+## Context
+
+`store.py` is the SQLAlchemy-backed facade over the parsed-X12 store. It sits on the hot path of `parse-999`, `parse-277ca`, reconciliation, and inbox match/unmatch. At 2,412 lines it has outgrown a single file: 41 methods on `CycloneStore`, ~17 module-level helpers, Pydantic models, ORM row builders, UI serializers, and exception types all live in one module.
+
+This is "Step 4" of the ongoing refactor series. Steps 1–3 (the api.py splits — commits `931782b`, `fc73075`, `3b5e2af`, `eb674f8`, `ff43f90`, `6ce6385`, `e63be87`, `a63ba5e`) established the pattern: turn a monolithic file into a subpackage with a thin facade, preserving every public import.
+
+## Decisions (locked during brainstorming)
+
+1. **Public surface:** Subpackage + thin facade. `cyclone/store.py` is deleted; replaced by `cyclone/store/__init__.py` re-exporting every currently-importable name.
+2. **Class structure:** Module functions for the bodies, `CycloneStore` keeps its current method signatures as 1-line delegations. (Mixin classes were considered and rejected for added MRO surface area; composition was rejected for breaking `isinstance` and adding 41 delegating boilerplate methods in a different shape.)
+3. **Helper distribution:** Dedicated utility modules for non-method helpers — `records.py`, `orm_builders.py`, `ui.py`, `exceptions.py`. Co-location was rejected for circular-import risk.
+
+## Target module layout
+
+```
+backend/src/cyclone/
+├── store.py            ← DELETED
+└── store/
+    ├── __init__.py     ← thin facade: re-exports + CycloneStore + `store` singleton + utcnow
+    ├── exceptions.py   ← AlreadyMatchedError, NotMatchedError, InvalidStateError
+    ├── records.py      ← BatchKind, BatchRecord, BatchRecord837, BatchRecord835 (Pydantic)
+    ├── orm_builders.py ← _service_dates_from_claim, _claim_837_row, _remittance_835_row,
+    │                     _cas_adjustment_row, _persist_835_remit, _claim_status_from_validation
+    ├── ui.py           ← all to_ui_* / _iso_z / _address_to_ui / _validation_issues_to_ui /
+    │                     _svc_to_wire_dict / _date_in_bounds / _provider_orm_to_dict /
+    │                     _payer_orm_to_dict
+    ├── write.py        ← add, _publish_events_sync, _sync_publish, _run_reconcile
+    │                     (biggest single module — ~210 lines)
+    ├── batches.py      ← get_batch, get, list, all, load_two_for_diff, _BatchesShim, _row_to_record
+    ├── claim_detail.py ← get_remittance, get_claim_detail, iter_claims, iter_remittances,
+    │                     distinct_providers, recent_activity
+    ├── acks.py         ← add_ack, list_acks, get_ack (999),
+    │                     add_ta1_ack, list_ta1_acks, get_ta1_ack,
+    │                     add_277ca_ack, list_277ca_acks, get_277ca_ack
+    ├── backups.py      ← add_backup_pending
+    ├── inbox.py        ← list_unmatched, manual_match, manual_unmatch
+    └── providers.py    ← list_providers, get_provider, upsert_provider, list_payers,
+                          get_payer_config, get_clearhouse, ensure_clearhouse_seeded
+```
+
+13 modules total. Largest is `write.py` at ~210 lines; all others are ≤150 lines. Facade `__init__.py` ≈ 80 lines (re-exports + class + singleton).
+
+## CycloneStore class shape
+
+### Three categories of methods
+
+**Category A — Pure read delegates.** Open session, run query, return. No shared state, no private-method calls, no events.
+
+Batches reads: `get_batch`, `get`, `list`, `all`, `load_two_for_diff`, `get_remittance`.
+Claim detail reads: `get_claim_detail`, `iter_claims`, `iter_remittances`, `distinct_providers`, `recent_activity`.
+ACK reads: `list_acks`, `get_ack`, `list_ta1_acks`, `get_ta1_ack`, `list_277ca_acks`, `get_277ca_ack`.
+Provider/payer reads: `list_providers`, `get_provider`, `list_payers`, `get_payer_config`, `get_clearhouse`, `ensure_clearhouse_seeded`.
+
+**Category B — Write-with-side-effects.** Module functions take an explicit `event_bus` kwarg where applicable; the `CycloneStore` methods delegate. The 3 private methods (`_publish_events_sync`, `_run_reconcile`, `_sync_publish`) stay on the class as 1-line delegations so any third-party calling them by private API doesn't break.
+
+Methods: `add`, `add_ack`, `add_ta1_ack`, `add_277ca_ack`, `add_backup_pending`. Only `add` has a non-trivial body (insert + idempotency + reconcile + publish); the ACK add methods and `add_backup_pending` are simple single-row inserts that move to `acks.py` and `backups.py` respectively.
+
+**Category C — Manual match/unmatch (3 methods).** Use `reconcile.apply_payment` / `apply_reversal`; translate `skipped=True` into `InvalidStateError`. Module functions in `inbox.py`; class methods delegate.
+
+Methods: `list_unmatched`, `manual_match`, `manual_unmatch`.
+
+### Iterator methods
+
+`iter_claims`, `iter_remittances` are generators. Module functions in `claim_detail.py` use `with db.SessionLocal()() as s:` and `yield` inside; session lives for generator lifetime. Class methods delegate.
+
+### Session management
+
+Each module function inlines `with db.SessionLocal()() as s:` at the top — matches the existing pattern verbatim. No extracted `session_scope()` helper (YAGNI; ~30 call sites would change with no behaviour gain).
+
+### Lock + shim stay on the class
+
+`CycloneStore.__init__` keeps `self._lock = threading.RLock()` and `self._batches = _BatchesShim()` because 17 test files use `with store._lock: store._batches.clear()` as the cleanup idiom. The `_BatchesShim` class itself moves to `batches.py` alongside `_row_to_record`.
+
+### Naming collision table
+
+| Class method | Module function | Reason |
+|---|---|---|
+| `store.list` | `batches.list_batches` | shadows builtin |
+| `store.all` | `batches.all_batches` | shadows builtin |
+| `store.add` | `write.add_record` | more descriptive |
+| `store.get` | `batches.get_record` | matches existing test usage |
+| `store.utcnow` | top-level `utcnow()` in `__init__.py` | was always a free function |
+
+### Singleton
+
+`store = CycloneStore()` declared exactly once, in `__init__.py`. All sibling modules reference `cyclone.db` directly for session access, never the singleton.
+
+## Public API preservation
+
+### Source callers — zero changes
+
+| Caller | Import | After split |
+|---|---|---|
+| `cyclone/api.py` | `from cyclone.store import (CycloneStore, store, BatchRecord, AlreadyMatchedError, ...)` | unchanged |
+| `cyclone/api.py` (deferred) | `from cyclone.store import NotMatchedError` | unchanged |
+| `cyclone/batch_diff.py` | `from cyclone.store import BatchRecord, BatchRecord835, BatchRecord837, _claim_status_from_validation` | facade re-exports `_claim_status_from_validation` |
+| `cyclone/backup_service.py` (deferred) | `from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store` | unchanged |
+| `cyclone/api_routers/acks.py` | `from cyclone.store import store` | unchanged |
+| `cyclone/api_routers/ta1_acks.py` | `from cyclone.store import store` | unchanged |
+| `cyclone/scheduler.py` | `from cyclone.store import store as cycl_store` (also `BatchRecord` deferred) | unchanged |
+| `cyclone/parsers/validator.py` (3 deferred) | `from cyclone import store as store_mod` | unchanged |
+| `cyclone/api_helpers.py` | docstring references `cyclone.store.utcnow` | unchanged (facade re-exports `utcnow`) |
+
+**Open decision:** `_claim_status_from_validation` is currently a module-level helper imported by `batch_diff.py` (line 32). Recommended: re-export it from `__init__.py` to preserve the import. This is a small facade pollution but matches the precedent of the api.py split (which re-exports routers).
+
+### Tests — zero changes
+
+17 test files use `with store._lock: store._batches.clear()` — all continue to work because `CycloneStore.__init__` still sets those attributes and `_BatchesShim` continues to function identically. The 3 dedicated store tests (`test_store.py`, `test_store_claim_detail.py`, `test_store_reconcile.py`) import from `cyclone.store` (still works) or `cyclone` (still works).
+
+## Migration plan
+
+**Single atomic commit.** `cyclone/store.py` cannot coexist with `cyclone/store/` (Python prefers packages), so deletion and creation must happen together:
+
+```bash
+rm backend/src/cyclone/store.py
+mkdir -p backend/src/cyclone/store
+# write all 13 new files
+cd backend && python -m pytest tests/ --tb=line -q  # must be green
+git add -A
+git commit -m "refactor(store): split store.py into cyclone/store/ subpackage"
+```
+
+**Follow-up commit (only if needed):** Docs update — add "CycloneStore subpackage" section to README following the precedent of commits `81aebf5`, `2718114`, `ea64e6e`, `804e557`.
+
+**Rollback:** `git revert <sha>` — single-commit revert, no half-state.
+
+## Test strategy
+
+### No new tests, no test modifications
+
+The split is structural only. Every test that passes today must pass after.
+
+### Verification tiers
+
+**Tier 1 — Full backend suite, baseline + after.**
+
+```bash
+cd backend && python -m pytest tests/ --tb=line -q 2>&1 | tee /tmp/cyclone-baseline.txt | tail -5
+```
+
+Expected baseline: ~712 passed, ~31 failed (pre-existing), ~16 skipped. The 31 failures are documented cross-test pollution (11 `test_serialize_837`, 3 `test_secrets`, 2 `test_sftp_paramiko`, etc., verified in commit `931782b`). Post-split count must match exactly.
+
+**Tier 2 — Hot-path focused (14 files).** Exercises every method being split.
+
+```bash
+cd backend && python -m pytest tests/test_parse_999.py tests/test_parse_277ca.py \
+    tests/test_api_999.py tests/test_api_277ca.py \
+    tests/test_reconcile.py tests/test_reconcile_line_level.py \
+    tests/test_store_reconcile.py tests/test_api_line_reconciliation.py \
+    tests/test_inbox_state.py tests/test_inbox_lanes.py \
+    tests/test_inbox_endpoints.py tests/test_inbox_endpoints_sp7.py \
+    tests/test_payer_rejected_acknowledge.py tests/test_store.py \
+    --tb=short -q
+```
+
+**Tier 3 — Store-specific (3 files).** Covers the class surface directly.
+
+```bash
+cd backend && python -m pytest tests/test_store.py tests/test_store_claim_detail.py \
+    tests/test_store_reconcile.py --tb=short -q
+```
+
+**Tier 4 — Live smoke on 8 endpoints** (matches commit `931782b` precedent):
+
+- `POST /api/parse-999` (valid → ack_code=A; rejected → ack_code=R)
+- `POST /api/parse-277ca` (valid → 200 with 3 claim statuses)
+- `GET /api/inbox?lane=unmatched` (list_unmatched shape)
+- `POST /api/inbox/match` (manual_match happy path + AlreadyMatchedError)
+- `POST /api/inbox/unmatch` (manual_unmatch happy path + NotMatchedError)
+- `GET /api/batches` + `GET /api/batches/{id}` (get_batch shape)
+- `GET /api/claims/{id}` (get_claim_detail shape)
+- `GET /api/999-acks/{id}` and `GET /api/277ca-acks/{id}` (ack list/get shape)
+
+Smoke output is documented in the commit message.
+
+## Risk register
+
+| # | Risk | Likelihood | Impact | Mitigation |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
+| R1 | Circular import between `__init__.py` and a sibling | Low | High | Siblings never import from `__init__.py`. Module docstrings state this rule. |
+| R2 | Module function loses `self.` context | Low | Medium | `CycloneStore.__init__` keeps `_lock` and `_batches`. Module functions don't touch them. |
+| R3 | `_BatchesShim.clear()` semantics change | Low | High | `_BatchesShim` moves verbatim; line-by-line verification during impl. |
+| R4 | `add_record()` body diverges from current `add()` | Medium | High | Mechanical copy of lines 898-1107, strip `self.` prefix, change 3 private-method calls to module-function calls. No logic refactoring. |
+| R5 | Singleton duplicated | Low | High | Declared exactly once, in `__init__.py`. |
+| R6 | TYPE_CHECKING imports break runtime | Low | Low | `EventBus` already used in current `add()` signature; same pattern. |
+| R7 | Test imports of private helpers break | Low | Medium | `grep -rn "from cyclone.store import _" backend/tests/` before impl; re-export anything found. |
+| R8 | Package discovery misses new subpackage | Low | Medium | Verify with `pip install -e .` before commit; if needed, add explicit `packages = [...]`. |
+| R9 | Generator methods leak sessions | Low | Medium | Preserve `with` inside generator body. |
+| R10 | Docstring drift | Low | Low | Preserve existing docstrings verbatim on re-exports. |
+
+## Implementation discipline
+
+1. **Don't refactor logic.** The split is structural. Code smells stay for separate tasks.
+2. **Don't add type hints.** Match existing annotations exactly.
+3. **Don't add docstrings.** Preserve existing; only add a short module-level docstring per new file.
+4. **Preserve order of operations.** Identical to current `add()` body.
+5. **Don't optimize imports in passing.** Move them as-is.
+
+## Pre-flight checklist
+
+```bash
+# 1. Capture baseline
+cd backend && python -m pytest tests/ --tb=line -q 2>&1 | tee /tmp/cyclone-baseline.txt | tail -5
+
+# 2. Find every private helper imported from cyclone.store in tests
+grep -rn "from cyclone.store import _" backend/tests/
+
+# 3. Find every private helper imported from cyclone.store in source
+grep -rn "from cyclone.store import _" backend/src/
+
+# 4. Verify package discovery
+cd backend && pip install -e . --quiet
+python -c "import cyclone.store; print(cyclone.store.__file__)"
+
+# 5. Verify no other cyclone/store* conflicts
+find backend/src/cyclone -maxdepth 1 -name "store*"
+```
+
+## Post-flight checklist
+
+```bash
+# 1. Compare to baseline
+cd backend && python -m pytest tests/ --tb=line -q 2>&1 | tail -5
+# Must match baseline exactly
+
+# 2. Hot-path focused (14 files) — must be 100% green
+
+# 3. Import sanity check
+python -c "
+from cyclone.store import (
+    CycloneStore, store, BatchRecord, BatchRecord837, BatchRecord835, BatchKind,
+    AlreadyMatchedError, NotMatchedError, InvalidStateError, utcnow,
+    _claim_status_from_validation,
+)
+print('all imports OK')
+"
+
+# 4. Live smoke on 8 endpoints
+```
+
+## Out of scope (explicit)
+
+- Renaming any public symbol
+- Changing any method signature
+- Refactoring `manual_match` / `manual_unmatch` business logic
+- Refactoring `add()` body or its idempotency strategy
+- Adding new tests
+- Modifying DB models in `cyclone.db`
+- Updating SQLCipher key rotation flow
+- Touching any of the 17 test files that use `_lock` / `_batches.clear()`
+- Touching any importer in `cyclone.api`, `cyclone.api_routers.*`, `cyclone.batch_diff`, `cyclone.backup_service`, `cyclone.scheduler`, `cyclone.parsers.validator`, `cyclone.api_helpers`
+
+If any of these surface during implementation, they get deferred to follow-up tasks — never silently included.
+
+## Open items
+
+1. **`_claim_status_from_validation` re-export** — recommended re-export from `__init__.py`. User to confirm during spec review.

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-structured-logging-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+# SP18 — Structured JSON Logging
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-21
+**Branch:** `sp18-structured-logging`
+**Status:** Shipped
+**Scope:** Backend only. No frontend changes.
+
+---
+
+## 1. Why this exists
+
+Cyclone has ~150 `logging.getLogger(__name__).*` call sites and
+zero of them are structured. The format is the stdlib default — a
+human-readable line like `2026-06-21 15:30:00,123 INFO
+cyclone.scheduler: Processed inbound foo.x12: parser=parse_999 claims=3`
+— which is fine for `tail -f` in dev but unparseable for anything an
+operator actually wants to do with logs:
+
+* **Find all errors in the last 24h.** `grep` for `ERROR` and you get
+  the lines, but not the tracebacks, not the related claim IDs, not
+  the durations.
+* **Correlate scheduler ticks with API requests.** Impossible without
+  a request/correlation id in every line.
+* **Detect PII leaks.** No scrubbing means a single accidental
+  `log.info("claim=%s", claim)` can dump PHI to stderr and the
+  README won't catch it.
+
+The completeness review calls this out as gap #5 (`no structured
+logging`).
+
+SP18 fixes this by adding a `JsonFormatter` that emits
+newline-delimited JSON, a `PiiScrubber` filter that strips obvious
+PHI patterns (NPIs, claim control numbers, patient names), and a
+`setup_logging(level, log_file, json_format)` entry point that the
+CLI + API lifespan call once at startup.
+
+## 2. Output format
+
+Default (json_format=True):
+
+```json
+{"ts": "2026-06-21T15:30:00.123Z", "level": "INFO", "logger": "cyclone.scheduler", "msg": "Processed inbound foo.x12", "extra": {"parser": "parse_999", "claims": 3}}
+{"ts": "2026-06-21T15:30:00.456Z", "level": "ERROR", "logger": "cyclone.api", "msg": "backup failed", "extra": {"reason": "BackupError: no passphrase"}}
+```
+
+Optional (json_format=False, the dev-friendly format):
+
+```
+2026-06-21T15:30:00.123Z INFO  cyclone.scheduler Processed inbound foo.x12 parser=parse_999 claims=3
+```
+
+The dev format is the `CycloneDevFormatter` — same fields, tabular.
+Useful when `tail -f`-ing the API in dev.
+
+## 3. PII scrubbing
+
+The `PiiScrubber` is a logging `Filter` that walks the log record's
+message + extra fields and replaces known PHI patterns with
+`<redacted:npi>` etc.:
+
+| Pattern | Replacement |
+|---------|-------------|
+| `\b\d{10}\b` (NPI) | `<redacted:npi>` |
+| `\b\d{9}\b` (claim control number with leading zeros — risky; conservative) | not redacted by default |
+| `(?i)patient[_ ]?name[:=]\s*\S+` | `<redacted:patient_name>` |
+| `(?i)ssn[:=]\s*\d{3}-?\d{2}-?\d{4}` | `<redacted:ssn>` |
+| `(?i)dob[:=]\s*\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}` | `<redacted:dob>` |
+
+The default scrubber is conservative — we redact the unambiguous
+patterns only. False positives are not free: a redacted NPI in an
+operator's diagnostic dump is worse than a leaky one. The scrubber
+can be disabled (`setup_logging(scrub_pii=False)`) for tests.
+
+## 4. Files
+
+* `cyclone.logging_config` — new module (~200 LOC).
+  * `JsonFormatter` — `logging.Formatter` subclass that JSON-encodes the record.
+  * `CycloneDevFormatter` — `logging.Formatter` subclass, tabular.
+  * `PiiScrubber` — `logging.Filter` subclass, regex rewriter.
+  * `setup_logging(level, log_file, json_format, scrub_pii)` — entry point.
+* CLI: every `click.command` calls `setup_logging(log_level)` first
+  (the existing `--log-level` flag already exists on `parse-837` and
+  `parse-835`; just wire it to the new module).
+* API: the FastAPI lifespan calls `setup_logging(level=os.environ.get("CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL", "INFO"))` before any other setup.
+* Scheduler: scheduler tick logs flow through the same root logger
+  so the backup/MFT scheduler ticks are visible in the log stream
+  with structured `extra={...}`.
+
+## 5. Operator surface
+
+| Env var | Default | Meaning |
+|---------|---------|---------|
+| `CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL` | `INFO` | Root logger level. DEBUG for troubleshooting, WARNING to quiet. |
+| `CYCLONE_LOG_FILE` | (none) | If set, write to this path via `RotatingFileHandler` (10 MB × 5 backups). |
+| `CYCLONE_LOG_JSON` | `true` | If `false`, use the dev formatter. |
+| `CYCLONE_LOG_NO_PII_SCRUB` | (none) | If set, disable PII scrubbing (tests / forensic mode). |
+
+CLI: existing `--log-level` flag on `parse-837` / `parse-835` now
+also accepts the format choice (JSON is default; pass
+`--log-format=dev` for the tabular form).
+
+## 6. Migration strategy
+
+SP18 does **not** rewrite every log call. It:
+
+1. Adds the formatter + filter to the root logger.
+2. Migrates the ~25 highest-value log sites to use `extra={...}`
+   for structured fields (e.g. `log.info("processed inbound",
+   extra={"filename": f.name, "parser": "parse_999", "claims": 3})`
+   instead of f-string concatenation).
+3. Keeps backward compatibility — `log.info("foo %s", x)` still works.
+
+This is a deliberate scope cut. A "rewrite every log call" SP would
+be 2000 lines of churn with no new surface.
+
+## 7. Tests
+
+* `test_logging_formatter.py` — 6 tests (JSON shape, dev format, level preservation, exception info, extra fields, missing extras).
+* `test_logging_scrubber.py` — 6 tests (NPI / SSN / DOB / patient name scrubbing, no false positives, scrubber disabled).
+* `test_logging_setup.py` — 5 tests (level respected, file handler attached, JSON default, dev toggle, idempotent re-setup).
+
+Total: 17 new tests.
+
+## 8. Out of scope
+
+* A real log aggregator (Loki / ELK / Vector). The JSON format is
+  aggregator-friendly; the actual shipping is the operator's job.
+* Per-logger log levels via config file. `CYCLONE_LOG_LEVEL` is a
+  single root level for v1; per-logger override via env is a future
+  enhancement.
+* OpenTelemetry / Prometheus instrumentation. That's a different
+  SP (observability) for later.

docs/superpowers/specs/2026-06-21-cyclone-universal-drilldown-design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+# Sub-project 21 — Universal Drill-Down: Design Spec
+
+**Date:** 2026-06-21
+**Status:** Draft (awaiting user review)
+**Branch:** `universal-drilldown`
+**Aesthetic direction:** Reuse the existing dashboard / drawer aesthetic (Radix Dialog + dim overlay, accent-tinted hover affordance). No new visual tokens.
+
+## 1. Scope
+
+Every interactive surface in the Cyclone UI becomes drillable. Clicking an entity reference (claim id, patient, provider, payer, batch, ack, activity event) opens a contextual view — either a full-record drawer (slides in from the right) or a slim peek modal (centered), depending on whether the entity is a first-class drillable record or a cross-reference.
+
+The goal is **"dial down to anything"**: from the dashboard, from any list row, from inside any drawer, the operator can reach the underlying record with one click without losing their place.
+
+**In scope:**
+
+- New `PeekModal` primitive (centered modal) for cross-reference drills
+- Reuse / refactor of the existing right-side `DrillDrawer` pattern for full-entity records
+- New `DrillStackProvider` context to manage a max-2-level stack (one drawer + one peek)
+- Hover-reveal affordance (pointer + accent tint + trailing chevron) on every clickable cell
+- Per-surface drill map (every click target → its destination)
+- 1 new backend read endpoint (`/api/payers/{payer_id}/summary`) plus an extended response shape on the existing `/api/providers/{npi}` (adds `recent_claims[]` and `recent_activity[]` arrays). The rest of the work is frontend wiring.
+
+**Out of scope (deferred):**
+
+- **Patient peek modal** — patient names are PHI; a peek would surface sensitive fields. Patient-name clicks instead navigate to `/claims?patient=…` filtered list (no new endpoint needed; uses existing `/api/claims?patient_name=…`).
+- **Write actions from peeks** — peeks are read-only. Edit / resubmit / acknowledge actions remain on the full drawer / inbox lane.
+- **Mobile bottom-sheet variant** — desktop-only for v1. Mobile fallback: peeks become centered modals at full width with the same max-height cap.
+- **Customizing peek fields** — peek content is fixed per surface. The existing drawer already covers "I want everything."
+- **KPI breakdown peeks** — dashboard KPI tiles navigate to filtered `/claims` (the user's picked data-strategy was "fetch fresh on click"; navigation keeps the dashboard fast).
+- **Auto-suggest next drill** — no "you might also want to see…" hints.
+
+## 2. Locked decisions
+
+### 2.1 Component decomposition
+
+| Component | Role |
+|---|---|
+| `DrillDrawer.tsx` | Right-side slide-over for full-record drills (claim, remit, batch, provider, ack). Refactor of today's `ClaimDrawer` pattern into a shared shell that all entity drawers mount inside. |
+| `DrillDrawerHeader.tsx` | Drawer header: eyebrow, title, close button, optional primary action (e.g. "Download 837" on the ClaimDrawer). |
+| `PeekModal.tsx` | Centered Radix Dialog for cross-reference drills (payer, activity event, validation issue, single-row tables like Inbox rows, Batch diff rows). Smaller (≤ 480px), no keyboard j/k nav (single record), closes on Esc + click-outside. |
+| `PeekModalHeader.tsx` | Eyebrow + title + close button. |
+| `DrillStackProvider.tsx` | React context + zustand-backed store. Owns the stack of `[{ kind: 'drawer' | 'peek', key: string, payload?: unknown }]`. Exposes `open()`, `closeTop()`, `closeAll()`. Enforces max 2 levels. |
+| `DrillableCell.tsx` | Tiny wrapper that adds the hover-reveal affordance (pointer + accent tint + trailing chevron) and the click handler. Used inside tables, KPI tiles, activity feeds. |
+| `ProviderDrawer.tsx` | New full-entity drawer for `/api/providers/{npi}`. Tabs: Overview (NPI + address + counts) / Claims (top 10 recent claims + "View all →" link) / Activity (top 10 recent activity + "View all →" link). |
+| `AckDrawer.tsx` | New full-entity drawer for `/api/acks/{id}` (reuses the existing `GET /api/acks/{id}` endpoint). |
+| `RemitDrawer.tsx` | New full-entity drawer for `/api/remittances/{id}`. Already documented as "deferred to a follow-up" in the SP4 claim-drawer spec; SP21 ships it. |
+| `useDrillStack.ts` | Hook wrapper around `DrillStackProvider`'s store, with selector helpers for "is this drawer open?", "open this drawer", "the active peek payload". |
+| `PayerPeekContent.tsx` | Payer peek body (backend-fed): name, claim count, billed, received, denial rate, "view all claims →" link. |
+| `ValidationRulePeekContent.tsx` | Validation-rule peek body (static lookup, no backend call): rule code, severity, full description, X12 spec reference if any. Opened from ClaimDrawer validation issue rows. |
+
+All live under `src/components/drill/` (new shared folder) plus `src/components/ProviderDrawer/`, `src/components/AckDrawer/`, `src/components/RemitDrawer/`.
+
+### 2.2 Drill map (per surface)
+
+The complete click → destination table. Each row is one click target on one surface. "Stack position" describes where the destination lives in the drill stack at the moment of the click.
+
+| Surface | Click target | Destination | Stack position |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| Dashboard · KPI: Claims | tile | navigate → `/claims` | — |
+| Dashboard · KPI: Billed | tile | navigate → `/claims?sort=-billedAmount` | — |
+| Dashboard · KPI: Received | tile | navigate → `/claims?sort=-receivedAmount` | — |
+| Dashboard · KPI: Pending AR | tile | navigate → `/claims?status=submitted,pending` | — |
+| Dashboard · KPI: Denial rate | tile | navigate → `/claims?status=denied` | — |
+| Dashboard · Top providers | any row | `ProviderDrawer(?provider=NPI)` | top drawer |
+| Dashboard · Recent denials | any row | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Dashboard · Recent activity | any event | routed by event kind: `claim_*` → claim drawer, `remit_received` → remit drawer, `provider_added` → provider drawer | top drawer |
+| Claims · table row | row body | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Claims · claim id cell | id | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Claims · patient cell | name | navigate → `/claims?patient=NAME` | — |
+| Claims · provider cell | provider name + NPI | `ProviderDrawer(?provider=NPI)` | top drawer |
+| Claims · payer cell | payer name | `PeekModal(payer)` | top peek |
+| Remittances · table row | row body | `RemitDrawer(?remit=ID)` (replaces the inline CAS expand) | top drawer |
+| Remittances · claim id cell | id | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Remittances · payer cell | payer name | `PeekModal(payer)` | top peek |
+| Batches · table row | row body | `BatchDetail` drawer (?batch=ID) | top drawer |
+| Providers · directory card | card body | `ProviderDrawer(?provider=NPI)` | top drawer |
+| Activity log · event row | row body | routed by event kind (same as Dashboard · Recent activity) | top drawer |
+| 999 ACKs · table row | row body | `AckDrawer(?ack=ID)` | top drawer |
+| 999 ACKs · Download 999 button | button | (unchanged — file download) | — |
+| Inbox · Rejected row | row body | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Inbox · Payer-Rejected row | row body | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Inbox · Candidates row | row body | `RemitDrawer(?remit=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Inbox · Unmatched claim row | row body | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Inbox · Unmatched remit row | row body | `RemitDrawer(?remit=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Inbox · Done today row | row body | routed by row kind (claim vs remit) | top drawer |
+| Reconciliation · claim button | button | (unchanged — select for match) | — |
+| Reconciliation · claim card body | body | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer (navigates to `/claims?claim=ID`) |
+| Reconciliation · remit card body | body | `RemitDrawer(?remit=ID)` | top drawer (navigates to `/remittances?remit=ID`) |
+| Batch diff · claim id (added) | id | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Batch diff · claim id (removed) | id | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` (will 404 if removed — show distinct not-found state) | top drawer |
+| Batch diff · claim id (changed) | id | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` | top drawer |
+| Upload · streamed claim card | header / chevron | (unchanged — inline expand) | — |
+| Upload · streamed claim card | "See claim in detail →" link (new) | `DrillDrawer(claim, ?claim=ID)` (only enabled if the claim id is in the persisted batch list, else disabled with tooltip) | top drawer |
+| ClaimDrawer · payer name (inside drawer) | payer name | `PeekModal(payer)` | peek on top of drawer |
+| ClaimDrawer · provider name (inside drawer) | provider name | `ProviderDrawer(?provider=NPI)` (replaces drawer) | top drawer (replaces) |
+| ClaimDrawer · matched-remit id | id | `RemitDrawer(?remit=ID)` (replaces drawer) | top drawer (replaces) |
+| ClaimDrawer · validation issue row | rule code | `PeekModal(validation issue)` | peek on top of drawer |
+
+**Nesting rules** (enforced by `DrillStackProvider`):
+
+1. Max 2 levels: one drawer at the bottom + at most one peek on top. Opening a third drill replaces the top peek (same kind) or pops the peek (different kind).
+2. Clicking inside a peek to open a drawer: closes the peek first, opens the drawer (no drawer-over-peek).
+3. Esc closes the top entry (peek or drawer). Browser back closes the top drawer (URL pops). Browser back while only peeks are open: no-op (peek stack isn't URL-persisted).
+
+### 2.3 Backend endpoints
+
+**New endpoint:**
+
+| Method | Path | Purpose |
+|---|---|---|
+| `GET` | `/api/payers/{payer_id}/summary` | Aggregate snapshot for a payer: `{ payer_id, name, claim_count, billed_total, received_total, denial_rate, top_providers: [{npi, count}] }`. Computed on read from the existing `claims` + `remittances` tables. Cached for 60s; invalidated on `claim_written` / `remittance_written` pubsub events. |
+
+**Extended endpoint (existing, response shape widened):**
+
+| Method | Path | Change |
+|---|---|---|
+| `GET` | `/api/providers/{npi}` | Response gains `recent_claims: ClaimSummary[]` (top 10 by `submission_date DESC`) and `recent_activity: ActivityEvent[]` (top 10 by `ts DESC`). Backwards-compatible: existing clients ignore the new arrays. |
+
+**Reused as-is:**
+
+- `GET /api/claims/{id}` — already exists (SP4). Used by `DrillDrawer(claim)`.
+- `GET /api/remittances/{id}` — already exists (SP3). Used by `RemitDrawer`.
+- `GET /api/batches/{id}` — already exists. Used by `BatchDetail`.
+- `GET /api/providers/{npi}` — already exists (SP9). Used by `ProviderDrawer` Overview tab AND Claims / Activity tabs (via the newly extended arrays).
+- `GET /api/config/payers/{payer_id}` — already exists (SP9). Used by the payer peek header (the payer name).
+- `GET /api/acks/{id}` — already exists (SP3). Used by `AckDrawer`.
+
+**Implementation notes:**
+
+- Add the one new handler in `backend/src/cyclone/api_routers/payers.py`.
+- Payer summary cache lives in a module-level `lru_cache` with a TTL guard (60s); invalidated on a `claim_written` / `remittance_written` pubsub event.
+- The new endpoint inherits the existing security middleware stack (SP19): `127.0.0.1` bind, body limit, rate limit, security headers.
+- The extended `/api/providers/{npi}` response is bounded — only 10 + 10 entries per category — so the existing payload cap (per SP19 body limit, default 50 MB) is comfortably respected.
+
+### 2.4 Visual design tokens
+
+No new tokens. Reuse:
+
+- `--surface` / `--surface-dim` for drawer + dim overlay
+- `--accent` for hover tint (the same `--accent` used by today's selected-row indicator + nav-active)
+- `border-border/60` for the peek modal border
+- Existing `display mono` / `eyebrow` typography for peek headers
+- `animate-fade-in` / `animate-fade-in-up` for peek/drawer enter
+
+Peek modal sizing:
+
+```
+max-width: 480px (or 90vw on narrow viewports)
+padding: 20px
+border: 1px solid var(--border)
+shadow: shadow-2xl
+border-radius: rounded-xl (matches today's Radix Dialog)
+```
+
+Hover affordance CSS:
+
+```css
+.drillable {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  transition: background-color 120ms ease;
+}
+.drillable:hover {
+  background-color: hsl(var(--accent) / 0.08);
+}
+.drillable:hover::after {
+  content: "›";
+  margin-left: 6px;
+  color: hsl(var(--accent));
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+```
+
+The trailing chevron is injected via `::after` so `DrillableCell` doesn't need to compose a child element. Disabled cells (e.g. the "See claim in detail" link in Upload when the claim isn't persisted) drop the affordance and the click handler.
+
+### 2.5 Interaction patterns
+
+**Open (drawer):**
+
+- Click target → URL updates to `?{entity}={id}` via `history.pushState` (or `replaceState` if same entity type, to avoid history pollution).
+- Drawer slides in from right, 240ms ease-out (same as today's ClaimDrawer).
+- Background page dims to 60% opacity.
+
+**Open (peek):**
+
+- Click target → zustand stack updated; peek fades in centered, 180ms.
+- Background dims to 75% (more aggressive than the drawer's 60%, to differentiate).
+- No URL change (peek stack is ephemeral).
+
+**Open (peek on top of drawer):**
+
+- Click target inside drawer body → zustand stack gains one entry.
+- Peek renders above drawer; drawer stays in place, dims to 75%.
+- Drawer's existing keyboard nav (j/k, ?) is suspended while a peek is on top.
+
+**Close:**
+
+- Esc → pops the top stack entry. If peek was top, peek closes (drawer underneath is interactive again). If only a drawer, URL strips `?{entity}=`.
+- Click on dim overlay → same as Esc.
+- Browser back → pops URL drawer only (no peek history).
+
+**Loading:**
+
+- Drawer: existing `Skeleton` + `ErrorState` patterns reused.
+- Peek: a 6-line shimmer skeleton, max 280px height. Fetch errors collapse the peek and show an inline error toast (peek is small enough that an inline state would look broken).
+
+**Errors:**
+
+- 404 on a drawer → existing `ErrorState` "not found" branch (per drawer component).
+- 404 on a peek → toast: "Couldn't find that record. It may have been removed." and peek auto-closes after 1.5s.
+- Network error → toast with Retry button.
+
+**Keyboard:**
+
+- Drawer nav: j/k, ?, esc (unchanged from today).
+- Peek nav: esc, Tab cycles focusable elements inside the peek body. No j/k (single record, no list).
+- Global `?` cheatsheet: extended to list peek keyboard hints (currently lists only drawer hints).
+
+### 2.6 URL state contract
+
+- `/claims` — list, no drawer.
+- `/claims?claim=CLM-114` — list with drawer for CLM-114.
+- `/remittances?remit=R-9876` — list with remit drawer.
+- `/providers?provider=1881068062` — directory with provider drawer.
+- `/batches?batch=BATCH-…` — list with batch drawer.
+- `/acks?ack=42` — list with ack drawer.
+- `/activity?event=evt-uuid` — list with activity event drawer.
+
+Each entity-drawer type has its own URL state hook following the existing per-page pattern (`useDrawerUrlState` for Claims, `useBatchDrawerUrlState` for Batches, plus a new `useProviderDrawerUrlState` for Providers, `useRemitDrawerUrlState` for Remittances, `useAckDrawerUrlState` for Acks). All hooks read & write the same `?{entity}={id}` convention. **Each drawer is mounted by the page that owns it** — clicking a cross-page entity from inside another page navigates to that entity's owning page with `?{entity}={id}` set (soft fade, no full reload). The opening source's filter state (e.g. `/remittances?status=posted`) is preserved when navigating back via browser-back. Peeks never trigger navigation.
+
+### 2.7 Frontend file layout
+
+```
+src/
+├── components/
+│   ├── drill/                                # NEW shared folder
+│   │   ├── DrillDrawer.tsx
+│   │   ├── DrillDrawerHeader.tsx
+│   │   ├── PeekModal.tsx
+│   │   ├── PeekModalHeader.tsx
+│   │   ├── DrillStackProvider.tsx
+│   │   ├── DrillStackMount.tsx               # the actual portal mount + z-index mgmt
+│   │   ├── DrillableCell.tsx
+│   │   ├── PayerPeekContent.tsx
+│   │   ├── ValidationRulePeekContent.tsx
+│   │   ├── DrillStackProvider.test.tsx
+│   │   ├── DrillableCell.test.tsx
+│   │   ├── PeekModal.test.tsx
+│   │   └── index.ts                          # barrel export
+│   ├── ProviderDrawer/                       # NEW
+│   │   ├── ProviderDrawer.tsx
+│   │   ├── ProviderOverview.tsx
+│   │   ├── ProviderRecentClaims.tsx          # top-10 mini-table (data from extended /providers/{npi})
+│   │   ├── ProviderRecentActivity.tsx        # top-10 mini-feed (data from extended /providers/{npi})
+│   │   └── index.ts
+│   ├── RemitDrawer/                          # NEW
+│   │   ├── RemitDrawer.tsx
+│   │   ├── RemitHeader.tsx
+│   │   ├── ClaimPaymentsTable.tsx
+│   │   ├── CasAdjustmentsPanel.tsx
+│   │   ├── RemitPartiesGrid.tsx
+│   │   └── index.ts
+│   ├── AckDrawer/                            # NEW
+│   │   ├── AckDrawer.tsx
+│   │   ├── AckHeader.tsx
+│   │   ├── SegmentStatusList.tsx
+│   │   └── index.ts
+│   └── ClaimDrawer/                          # existing — refactor header to use DrillDrawerHeader
+├── hooks/
+│   ├── useDrillStack.ts                      # NEW (zustand-backed ephemeral peek stack)
+│   ├── usePayerSummary.ts                    # NEW
+│   ├── useProviderDrawerUrlState.ts          # NEW (?provider=)
+│   ├── useRemitDrawerUrlState.ts             # NEW (?remit=)
+│   └── useAckDrawerUrlState.ts               # NEW (?ack=)
+├── lib/
+│   └── api.ts                                # +api.getPayerSummary(id); /api/providers/{npi} response widened in backend
+└── pages/                                    # wire drills per the drill map; refactor existing useDrawerUrlState usages to follow the per-drawer convention
+    ├── Claims.tsx
+    ├── Remittances.tsx
+    ├── Dashboard.tsx
+    ├── Batches.tsx
+    ├── Providers.tsx
+    ├── Acks.tsx
+    ├── ActivityLog.tsx
+    ├── Reconciliation.tsx
+    ├── BatchDiff.tsx
+    ├── Upload.tsx
+    └── Inbox.tsx
+```
+
+### 2.8 Testing targets
+
+**Frontend (Vitest + React Testing Library):**
+
+- `DrillStackProvider.test.tsx` — max-2-level rule, peek-over-drawer, drawer-over-peek prevention, esc closes top, closeAll resets stack
+- `DrillableCell.test.tsx` — renders chevron on hover, fires onClick, disabled state hides chevron + blocks click
+- `PeekModal.test.tsx` — opens via context, closes on esc, closes on click-outside, 404 → toast + auto-close, network error → retry toast
+- `ProviderDrawer.test.tsx` — Overview tab shows NPI + address + counts; Claims tab paginates; Activity tab paginates; j/k nav (if claim ids in scope)
+- `RemitDrawer.test.tsx` — header summary, claim payments table, CAS panel, payer cell opens payer peek
+- `AckDrawer.test.tsx` — header (source batch, ack code), per-segment status list, download button (unchanged)
+- `PayerPeekContent.test.tsx` — loading skeleton, populated peek, "view all claims" link href
+- `ValidationRulePeekContent.test.tsx` — known rule (R050_diagnosis_present) renders full description + X12 reference; unknown rule shows fallback copy
+- Page tests (per-page drill map coverage): one test per drill target verifying the click routes correctly
+
+**Backend (pytest):**
+
+- `test_payer_summary_endpoint` — happy path, cache hit/miss, invalidation on `claim_written`
+- `test_provider_detail_extended_response` — existing fields unchanged; new `recent_claims` + `recent_activity` arrays populated (10 each, sorted); empty arrays when the provider has no claims/activity
+- `test_provider_detail_extended_response_backwards_compat` — clients that ignore the new arrays don't break; old fields identical to SP9 response shape
+
+**Target counts:** ~25 new frontend tests, ~3 new backend tests. All 249 existing frontend tests + 409 existing backend tests must stay green.
+
+### 2.9 Smoke test (end-of-SP21)
+
+1. Start backend (`backend/.venv/bin/python -m cyclone serve`).
+2. Start frontend (`npm run dev`).
+3. Open `http://localhost:5173/`.
+4. **Dashboard:** click a KPI tile → page navigates to `/claims` with the right filter.
+5. **Dashboard:** click a top-providers row → provider drawer opens from the right.
+6. **Dashboard:** click a recent-denials row → claim drawer opens.
+7. **Dashboard:** click a recent-activity event of kind `claim_paid` → claim drawer opens for the underlying claim.
+8. **Claims:** click a claim row → claim drawer opens (already worked, regression check).
+9. **Claims:** hover the patient name cell → cursor + tint + chevron appear. Click → navigates to `/claims?patient=NAME`.
+10. **Claims:** hover the provider cell → affordance. Click → provider drawer opens.
+11. **Claims:** hover the payer cell → affordance. Click → payer peek modal opens (centered).
+12. **Claims:** with the claim drawer open, click the payer name inside the drawer → peek opens on top of the drawer. Esc → peek closes; drawer still there. Esc again → drawer closes.
+13. **Remittances:** click a remit row → remit drawer opens (was: inline expand only).
+14. **Remittances:** click the claim id cell → claim drawer opens.
+15. **Providers:** click a card → provider drawer opens.
+16. **Acks:** click a row → ack drawer opens (was: only the Download button worked).
+17. **Activity log:** click a `remit_received` event → remit drawer opens.
+18. **Inbox:** click a rejected row → claim drawer opens (was: no-op).
+19. **Inbox:** click a candidates row → remit drawer opens (was: no-op).
+20. **Reconciliation:** click the body of an unmatched claim (not the select button) → navigates to `/claims?claim=ID` with the claim drawer open.
+21. **Batch diff:** click an added claim id → claim drawer opens.
+22. **Upload:** click a streamed claim's "See claim in detail" link → claim drawer opens (if persisted).
+23. Browser back from any drawer state → drawer closes.
+24. Commit empty `smoke: end-to-end SP21 (universal drilldown) flow passes`.
+
+## 3. Risk areas
+
+1. **Stack explosion.** Without an enforcement point, it's easy to write code that opens a drawer from inside a peek from inside a drawer. The `DrillStackProvider` API only exposes `open` (which respects the max-2 rule) and `closeTop`. There's no `openOnTopOf` — the stack is implicit from context. Risk: future contributors might bypass the provider and mount `<PeekModal>` ad-hoc. Mitigation: the `<DrillStackMount>` portal at the root of `App.tsx` is the only place peeks render; mounting `<PeekModal>` outside it renders nothing.
+2. **URL vs ephemeral state confusion.** Drawers persist in URL; peeks don't. If a user opens a peek, copies the URL, and pastes it later, the peek is gone. Acceptable trade-off — peeks are exploratory; drawers are shareable.
+3. **Cross-page drawer navigation.** Clicking a claim id on `/remittances` navigates to `/claims?claim=…`. The user lands on the claims page, not on the remittances page with the claim drawer overlaid. This is intentional — the claim drawer lives on `/claims`. Side effect: the user's remittances filter context is lost on nav. Mitigation: the nav is a soft fade + the URL preserves `?status=` etc. on `/claims` so the user can navigate back with browser back.
+4. **Drawer nav state across page navigation.** When the user clicks a claim id on `/remittances`, lands on `/claims?claim=…`, and presses browser back, they go back to `/remittances` (the remits filter is restored). The claim drawer closes. Tested in smoke step 23.
+5. **Inbox row click vs checkbox click.** Inbox rows have multi-select checkboxes. Row body click opens the drawer; checkbox click toggles selection. The `DrillableCell` wrapper goes around the row body, NOT the checkbox. Tested in `Inbox.test.tsx`.
+6. **Payer summary cache staleness.** The 60s cache + pubsub invalidation is best-effort. Worst case: a payer summary is up to 60s stale after a `claim_written`. Acceptable for v1.
+7. **Patient name in URL.** Navigating to `/claims?patient=John%20Doe` puts the patient name in the URL bar. Cyclone is local-only (127.0.0.1) per project context, so this is acceptable for v1. Flagged for SP22 if multi-operator / networked expansion happens. The existing PII scrubber (SP18) only scrubs log lines, not URL bars.
+8. **Drawer dim overlay z-index.** With a peek over a drawer, three z-index layers: page (z=0), drawer overlay (z=40), peek overlay (z=50). The `<DrillStackMount>` portal renders peeks in a dedicated DOM node at `z-50`; the existing drawer overlays at `z-40` continue to work. Tested in `PeekModal.test.tsx` (asserts peek is rendered above drawer overlay).
+
+## 4. Migration / rollout
+
+- Single feature branch `universal-drilldown` cut from `main`.
+- Worktree at `.worktrees/universal-drilldown/`, following SP1-3 pattern.
+- DB migrations: **none** (uses existing tables: `claims`, `remittances`, `batches`, `activity_events`, `providers`, `payers`, `acks`).
+- No new dependencies (Radix Dialog + zustand already in `package.json`).
+- Phasing within the branch (each PR is shippable independently, each closes its slice of smoke steps):
+  1. **PR1 — Foundation primitives + first 3 surfaces:** `DrillStackProvider` + `DrillableCell` + `PeekModal` primitives, the App-level `<DrillStackMount>` portal, the hover affordance CSS, the extended `/api/providers/{npi}` response. Wire Dashboard KPI navigation + Dashboard Top providers drill + Dashboard Recent denials drill. Backend: `/api/payers/{payer_id}/summary` (the actual provider-overview data lives in the extended `/api/providers/{npi}` response — no separate provider endpoints needed). (Smoke steps 4-6.)
+  2. **PR2 — `ProviderDrawer` + activity event routing:** Build the ProviderDrawer (Overview tab only in this PR; Claims/Activity tabs come in PR3 with the recent_claims/recent_activity payload rendering). Wire Dashboard Recent activity for `claim_*` events (the activity → entity mapping lives in a small `eventKindToEntity()` helper introduced here). Wire Providers directory page + Claims provider cell. (Smoke steps 7, 10, 15.)
+  3. **PR3 — `ProviderDrawer` tabs + remaining event routing:** Add the Claims and Activity tabs to ProviderDrawer, using the extended `/api/providers/{npi}` payload. Wire Dashboard Recent activity for `remit_received` and `provider_added` event kinds (still routed via the PR2 `eventKindToEntity()` helper; `provider_added` routes to ProviderDrawer, `remit_received` will route to the PR4 RemitDrawer — until PR4 lands it shows a graceful "Remit drawer coming in PR4" toast). (Smoke step 7 finishes — all 4 event kinds route correctly by PR4 merge.)
+  4. **PR4 — `RemitDrawer` + 4 surfaces:** Build the RemitDrawer. Wire Remittances row click (replaces inline CAS expand), Inbox candidates + unmatched remit rows, Activity log `remit_received` event click, Remittances claim-id cell, ClaimDrawer matched-remit link. Now `eventKindToEntity()`'s `remit_received` branch resolves to a real drawer. (Smoke steps 13, 14, 17, 19.)
+  5. **PR5 — `AckDrawer` + final 8 surfaces:** Build the AckDrawer. Wire Acks row, Inbox rejected + payer_rejected + done_today rows, Reconciliation body click, Batch diff claim id, Upload "See claim in detail" link, ClaimDrawer payer peek (`PayerPeekContent`), ClaimDrawer validation-rule peek (`ValidationRulePeekContent`), refactor existing `ClaimDrawer` to use the `DrillDrawer` shell + `DrillDrawerHeader`. (Smoke steps 8, 9, 11, 12, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23.)
+- Merge to main after final PR + smoke pass; cleanup worktree + branch.

src/App.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Route, Routes } from "react-router-dom";
 import { Toaster } from "sonner";
 import { Layout } from "@/components/Layout";
+import { DrillStackProvider } from "@/components/drill/DrillStackProvider";
 import { Dashboard } from "@/pages/Dashboard";
 import { Claims } from "@/pages/Claims";
 import { Remittances } from "@/pages/Remittances";
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ function NotFound() {
 
 export default function App() {
   return (
-    <>
+    <DrillStackProvider>
       <Routes>
         <Route element={<Layout />}>
           <Route index element={<Dashboard />} />
@@ -52,6 +53,6 @@ export default function App() {
           },
         }}
       />
-    </>
+    </DrillStackProvider>
   );
 }

src/components/drill/DrillStackProvider.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+(globalThis as { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT?: boolean }).IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true;
+
+import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
+import { renderHook, act } from "@testing-library/react";
+import type { ReactNode } from "react";
+import {
+  DrillStackProvider,
+  useDrillStack,
+} from "@/components/drill/DrillStackProvider";
+
+function wrapper({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
+  return <DrillStackProvider>{children}</DrillStackProvider>;
+}
+
+describe("DrillStackProvider", () => {
+  it("starts with an empty stack", () => {
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useDrillStack(), { wrapper });
+    expect(result.current.stack).toEqual([]);
+    expect(result.current.openPeek).toBeInstanceOf(Function);
+    expect(result.current.closeTop).toBeInstanceOf(Function);
+  });
+
+  it("openPeek pushes one entry; closeTop pops it", () => {
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useDrillStack(), { wrapper });
+    act(() => result.current.openPeek({ kind: "payer", payerId: "SKCO0" }));
+    expect(result.current.stack).toEqual([
+      { kind: "payer", payerId: "SKCO0" },
+    ]);
+    act(() => result.current.closeTop());
+    expect(result.current.stack).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it("openPeek replaces the previous peek when called twice", () => {
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useDrillStack(), { wrapper });
+    act(() => result.current.openPeek({ kind: "payer", payerId: "A" }));
+    // The hook only governs peeks (the bottom drawer is owned by the
+    // page, URL-backed, and lives outside this stack). When openPeek
+    // is called while a peek is already on the stack, the new peek
+    // replaces the previous one rather than stacking above it.
+    act(() => result.current.openPeek({ kind: "rule", rule: "R050" }));
+    expect(result.current.stack).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(result.current.stack[0]).toEqual({ kind: "rule", rule: "R050" });
+  });
+});

src/components/drill/DrillStackProvider.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import { createContext, useContext, useMemo, type ReactNode } from "react";
+import { create } from "zustand";
+
+export type PeekPayload =
+  | { kind: "payer"; payerId: string }
+  | { kind: "rule"; rule: string };
+
+interface DrillState {
+  stack: PeekPayload[];
+  openPeek: (p: PeekPayload) => void;
+  closeTop: () => void;
+  closeAll: () => void;
+}
+
+// One zustand store per provider instance (factory) so multiple
+// providers (e.g. in tests) don't share state.
+function makeStore() {
+  return create<DrillState>((set) => ({
+    stack: [],
+    openPeek: (p) =>
+      set((s) => ({
+        // Cap at 2 levels total: one drawer + one peek. When called and
+        // the stack already has one peek, replace it.
+        stack: s.stack.length >= 1 ? [p] : [p],
+      })),
+    closeTop: () => set((s) => ({ stack: s.stack.slice(0, -1) })),
+    closeAll: () => set({ stack: [] }),
+  }));
+}
+
+type StoreApi = ReturnType<typeof makeStore>;
+
+const Ctx = createContext<StoreApi | null>(null);
+
+export function DrillStackProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
+  // useMemo so the store instance is stable across renders.
+  const store = useMemo(makeStore, []);
+  return <Ctx.Provider value={store}>{children}</Ctx.Provider>;
+}
+
+export function useDrillStack() {
+  const store = useContext(Ctx);
+  if (!store) throw new Error("useDrillStack must be used within DrillStackProvider");
+  // Subscribe to just `stack` so consumers re-render only on stack
+  // changes (not on every state update).
+  const stack = store((s) => s.stack);
+  return {
+    stack,
+    openPeek: store.getState().openPeek,
+    closeTop: store.getState().closeTop,
+    closeAll: store.getState().closeAll,
+  };
+}

src/components/drill/DrillableCell.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+(globalThis as { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT?: boolean }).IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true;
+
+import { afterEach, describe, it, expect, vi } from "vitest";
+import { cleanup, render, screen, fireEvent } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { DrillableCell } from "@/components/drill/DrillableCell";
+
+// happy-dom keeps `document.body` between tests; without cleanup,
+// `screen.getByRole("button")` finds buttons from earlier renders.
+afterEach(() => cleanup());
+
+describe("DrillableCell", () => {
+  it("renders children, applies hover affordance classes, calls onClick", () => {
+    const onClick = vi.fn();
+    render(
+      <DrillableCell onClick={onClick}>
+        <span>CLM-114</span>
+      </DrillableCell>,
+    );
+    const btn = screen.getByRole("button") as HTMLButtonElement;
+    expect(btn.classList.contains("drillable")).toBe(true);
+    fireEvent.click(btn);
+    expect(onClick).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  });
+
+  it("disabled state hides affordance and blocks click", () => {
+    const onClick = vi.fn();
+    render(
+      <DrillableCell onClick={onClick} disabled>
+        <span>unavailable</span>
+      </DrillableCell>,
+    );
+    const btn = screen.getByRole("button") as HTMLButtonElement;
+    expect(btn.disabled).toBe(true);
+    expect(btn.classList.contains("drillable")).toBe(false);
+  });
+});

src/components/drill/DrillableCell.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import type { ReactNode } from "react";
+import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
+
+interface Props {
+  children: ReactNode;
+  onClick: () => void;
+  disabled?: boolean;
+  /** Optional aria-label; defaults to the visible text content. */
+  ariaLabel?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Wrap any clickable cell with hover-reveal affordance:
+ *   cursor: pointer + accent background tint + trailing "›" chevron,
+ *   applied via the `drillable` class on hover (see `src/index.css`
+ *   in Task 1.4).
+ *
+ * Renders as a <button> (disabled when `disabled`) so it gets keyboard
+ * activation (Enter/Space) and the standard disabled-button semantics.
+ * The `drillable` affordance class is omitted when disabled.
+ */
+export function DrillableCell({ children, onClick, disabled, ariaLabel }: Props) {
+  return (
+    <button
+      type="button"
+      onClick={onClick}
+      disabled={disabled}
+      aria-label={ariaLabel}
+      className={cn(
+        !disabled && "drillable",
+        "inline-flex items-center gap-0 rounded-sm border-0 bg-transparent p-0 text-left",
+        "focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-1",
+        disabled && "text-muted-foreground cursor-not-allowed",
+      )}
+    >
+      {children}
+    </button>
+  );
+}

src/components/drill/PayerPeekContent.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+// PayerPeekContent uses useQuery internally via usePayerSummary. We mock
+// that hook here so the component can be rendered without standing up a
+// real QueryClient — same pattern as useClaimDetail.test.ts.
+(globalThis as { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT?: boolean }).IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true;
+
+import { afterEach, describe, it, expect, vi } from "vitest";
+import { cleanup, render, screen } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { MemoryRouter } from "react-router-dom";
+import type { ReactNode } from "react";
+import { PayerPeekContent } from "@/components/drill/PayerPeekContent";
+
+// Mock the hook BEFORE the import above is resolved (vitest hoists
+// `vi.mock` to the top of the file regardless of where it appears
+// syntactically).
+vi.mock("@/hooks/usePayerSummary", () => ({
+  usePayerSummary: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+// Importing after vi.mock so we get the mocked reference.
+import { usePayerSummary } from "@/hooks/usePayerSummary";
+
+// happy-dom keeps `document.body` between tests; without cleanup,
+// `screen.getByText(...)` would find nodes from earlier renders.
+afterEach(() => cleanup());
+
+// The component renders <Link>, which requires a router context. A bare
+// MemoryRouter with no initialEntries is enough — the test asserts on the
+// generated href, not on navigation.
+function withRouter(node: ReactNode) {
+  return <MemoryRouter>{node}</MemoryRouter>;
+}
+
+const SAMPLE_PAYER = {
+  payer_id: "SKCO0",
+  name: "CO Medicaid",
+  claim_count: 1247,
+  billed_total: 548000,
+  received_total: 521000,
+  denial_rate: 0.042,
+  top_providers: [{ npi: "1881068062", count: 184 }],
+} as const;
+
+describe("PayerPeekContent", () => {
+  it("renders loading skeleton while fetching", () => {
+    // Idle / in-flight state — `data` undefined, `isLoading` true.
+    // The component renders <Skeleton variant="row" /> rows and no text,
+    // so the regex match for /claims/i must come back null (the
+    // "View all claims" link only renders once data is present).
+    (usePayerSummary as unknown as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mockReturnValue({
+      data: undefined,
+      isLoading: true,
+    });
+
+    render(withRouter(<PayerPeekContent payerId="SKCO0" />));
+    expect(screen.queryByText(/claims/i)).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("renders summary stats when data loads", () => {
+    (usePayerSummary as unknown as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mockReturnValue({
+      data: SAMPLE_PAYER,
+      isLoading: false,
+    });
+
+    render(withRouter(<PayerPeekContent payerId="SKCO0" />));
+
+    expect(screen.getByText("CO Medicaid")).toBeTruthy();
+    // fmt.num(1247) === "1,247" — the "184 claims" line also matches this
+    // regex, but getByText with a regex is fine because we only assert
+    // existence.
+    expect(screen.getByText(/1,247/)).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByText("$548,000")).toBeTruthy();
+    // denial_rate is a fraction (0.042); fmt.pct(payer.denial_rate * 100)
+    // yields "4.2%".
+    expect(screen.getByText("4.2%")).toBeTruthy();
+
+    const link = screen.getByRole("link", { name: /view all claims/i });
+    expect(link.getAttribute("href")).toBe("/claims?payer=SKCO0");
+  });
+});

src/components/drill/PayerPeekContent.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
+import { Skeleton } from "@/components/ui/skeleton";
+import { fmt } from "@/lib/format";
+import { usePayerSummary } from "@/hooks/usePayerSummary";
+import type { PayerSummary } from "@/lib/api";
+
+interface Props {
+  payerId: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Peek body for a payer — aggregate stats card shown inside the
+ * centered PeekModal (SP21 universal drill-down).
+ *
+ * Owns its own fetch via `usePayerSummary`; the parent PeekModal only
+ * concerns itself with open/close + title. We deliberately do NOT show
+ * an error state here — the peek is a low-stakes summary, so a silent
+ * retry + skeleton on failure is acceptable (the parent modal still
+ * closes correctly).
+ *
+ * `fmt.pct` does not multiply by 100 (it's just `n.toFixed(d)%`), so the
+ * API's fraction `denial_rate` (0–1) needs `* 100` before formatting —
+ * otherwise the UI would render "0.0%" for everything.
+ */
+export function PayerPeekContent({ payerId }: Props) {
+  const { data, isLoading } = usePayerSummary(payerId);
+  if (isLoading || !data) {
+    return (
+      <div className="space-y-2" aria-busy="true">
+        <Skeleton variant="row" />
+        <Skeleton variant="row" />
+        <Skeleton variant="row" />
+      </div>
+    );
+  }
+  return <Loaded payer={data} />;
+}
+
+function Loaded({ payer }: { payer: PayerSummary }) {
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-4">
+      <div className="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-3">
+        <div className="display text-[15px] text-foreground truncate">
+          {payer.name}
+        </div>
+        <div className="mono text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
+          {payer.payer_id}
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
+        <Stat label="Claims" value={fmt.num(payer.claim_count)} />
+        <Stat
+          label="Denial rate"
+          value={fmt.pct(payer.denial_rate * 100)}
+        />
+        <Stat
+          label="Billed"
+          value={fmt.usd(payer.billed_total)}
+          accent="accent"
+        />
+        <Stat
+          label="Received"
+          value={fmt.usd(payer.received_total)}
+          accent="success"
+        />
+      </div>
+      {payer.top_providers.length > 0 ? (
+        <div>
+          <div className="eyebrow mb-1.5">Top providers</div>
+          <ul className="text-[12.5px] space-y-1">
+            {payer.top_providers.slice(0, 3).map((p) => (
+              <li
+                key={p.npi}
+                className="flex justify-between gap-3"
+              >
+                <span className="mono">{p.npi}</span>
+                <span className="mono text-muted-foreground">
+                  {fmt.num(p.count)} claims
+                </span>
+              </li>
+            ))}
+          </ul>
+        </div>
+      ) : null}
+      <Link
+        to={`/claims?payer=${encodeURIComponent(payer.payer_id)}`}
+        className="text-[12.5px] text-accent hover:underline"
+      >
+        View all claims →
+      </Link>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function Stat({
+  label,
+  value,
+  accent,
+}: {
+  label: string;
+  value: string;
+  accent?: "accent" | "success" | "warning";
+}) {
+  const color =
+    accent === "success"
+      ? "text-[hsl(var(--success))]"
+      : accent === "warning"
+        ? "text-[hsl(var(--warning))]"
+        : accent === "accent"
+          ? "text-accent"
+          : "text-foreground";
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <div className="eyebrow">{label}</div>
+      <div className={`display mono text-[16px] mt-1 ${color}`}>{value}</div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

src/components/drill/PeekModal.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// @vitest-environment happy-dom
+(globalThis as { IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT?: boolean }).IS_REACT_ACT_ENVIRONMENT = true;
+
+import { afterEach, describe, it, expect, vi } from "vitest";
+import { cleanup, render, screen, fireEvent } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { PeekModal } from "@/components/drill/PeekModal";
+
+// happy-dom keeps `document.body` between tests; without cleanup,
+// `screen.getByRole(...)` finds buttons from earlier renders.
+afterEach(() => cleanup());
+
+describe("PeekModal", () => {
+  it("renders title and body when open; close button fires onClose", () => {
+    const onClose = vi.fn();
+    render(
+      <PeekModal
+        open
+        onClose={onClose}
+        eyebrow="Payer"
+        title="CO Medicaid"
+      >
+        <p>1,247 claims</p>
+      </PeekModal>,
+    );
+    expect(screen.getByText("Payer")).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByText("CO Medicaid")).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(screen.getByText("1,247 claims")).toBeTruthy();
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /close/i }));
+    expect(onClose).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  });
+
+  it("renders nothing when closed", () => {
+    const { container } = render(
+      <PeekModal open={false} onClose={() => {}} title="hidden">
+        <p>should not appear</p>
+      </PeekModal>,
+    );
+    // jest-dom's toBeEmptyDOMElement is not installed; assert via raw DOM.
+    expect(container.firstChild).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("esc key closes", () => {
+    const onClose = vi.fn();
+    render(
+      <PeekModal open onClose={onClose} title="t">
+        <p>x</p>
+      </PeekModal>,
+    );
+    fireEvent.keyDown(document.body, { key: "Escape" });
+    expect(onClose).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  });
+});

src/components/drill/PeekModal.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { Dialog, DialogContent } from "@/components/ui/dialog";
+import type { ReactNode } from "react";
+
+interface Props {
+  open: boolean;
+  onClose: () => void;
+  eyebrow?: string;
+  title: string;
+  children: ReactNode;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Centered peek modal — used for cross-reference drills (payer,
+ * validation rule, etc.). Smaller than the right-side Drawer
+ * (max-width: 480px); closes on Esc, backdrop click, and the X button.
+ * No keyboard j/k nav — single record.
+ */
+export function PeekModal({ open, onClose, eyebrow, title, children }: Props) {
+  return (
+    <Dialog open={open} onOpenChange={(o) => { if (!o) onClose(); }}>
+      <DialogContent
+        className="max-w-[480px] w-[90vw]"
+        aria-describedby={undefined}
+      >
+        {eyebrow ? (
+          <div className="text-[10.5px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-muted-foreground">
+            {eyebrow}
+          </div>
+        ) : null}
+        <h2 className="text-[18px] font-semibold tracking-tight">{title}</h2>
+        <div className="mt-2">{children}</div>
+      </DialogContent>
+    </Dialog>
+  );
+}

src/components/inbox/InboxHeader.tsx

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // InboxHeader
 //
-// Compact working-surface header: the day/date, a live clock, and the
-// two top-line counts ("N items need eyes" and "N done today") that
-// anchor the operator's day. "Need eyes" is computed by the Inbox
-// page (sum of actionable lanes) and passed in.
-//
-// SP14: payer_rejected (277CA) is now part of the actionable lanes —
-// it's a working-surface rejection that needs operator follow-up.
-// The Inbox page sums it into the needEyes count.
+// Editorial dark hero for the Inbox. Larger than the previous 30px title
+// so it carries weight against the bright lane surface below. "Inbox."
+// is the page's anchor, the day/date sits as a serif italic, and the
+// "N items need eyes / N done today" line replaces the small status
+// pulse with a more dramatic mono announcement.
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+import { fmt } from "@/lib/format";
+
 export function InboxHeader({
   needEyesCount,
   doneTodayCount,
@@ -32,66 +31,152 @@ export function InboxHeader({
 
   return (
     <header
-      className="sticky top-0 z-10 px-6 pt-6 pb-4"
+      className="sticky top-0 z-10 px-6 lg:px-10 pt-6 pb-5"
       style={{
         background: "var(--tt-bg)",
         borderBottom: "1px solid var(--tt-bg-elev)",
       }}
     >
-      <div className="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-4">
-        <div className="flex items-baseline gap-4">
-          <h1
-            className="display tracking-tight"
+      <div className="relative">
+        {/* Ghost "TRIAGE" watermark — a print-shop stamp behind the title. */}
+        <div
+          aria-hidden
+          className="pointer-events-none select-none absolute inset-x-0 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 whitespace-nowrap display text-center"
           style={{
-              color: "var(--tt-ink)",
-              fontSize: 30,
+            fontSize: "clamp(120px, 18vw, 260px)",
+            letterSpacing: "-0.05em",
+            opacity: 0.05,
             lineHeight: 1,
+            color: "var(--tt-amber)",
           }}
         >
-            Inbox
-          </h1>
+          TRIAGE
+        </div>
+
+        <div className="relative flex items-end justify-between gap-6 flex-wrap">
+          <div className="min-w-0 max-w-3xl">
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mb-3">
+              <div
+                className="h-px w-14"
+                style={{ backgroundColor: "var(--tt-amber)" }}
+              />
               <span
                 className="mono uppercase"
                 style={{
                   color: "var(--tt-amber)",
                   fontSize: 11,
-              letterSpacing: "0.18em",
+                  letterSpacing: "0.22em",
+                  fontWeight: 600,
                 }}
               >
-            · {day} {date}
+                Inbox · Working surface
               </span>
             </div>
-        <span
-          className="mono tabular-nums"
+            <h1
+              className="display tracking-[-0.04em]"
+              style={{
+                color: "var(--tt-ink)",
+                fontSize: "clamp(48px, 6vw, 80px)",
+                lineHeight: 0.92,
+                fontWeight: 400,
+              }}
+            >
+              Inbox.
+            </h1>
+            <p
+              className="display italic mt-3"
               style={{
                 color: "var(--tt-ink-dim)",
-            fontSize: 12,
-            letterSpacing: "0.05em",
+                fontSize: "clamp(15px, 1.4vw, 19px)",
+                lineHeight: 1.4,
+                maxWidth: "44ch",
               }}
             >
-          {time}
-        </span>
+              Five lanes, one queue.{" "}
+              <span style={{ color: "var(--tt-amber)" }}>
+                {needEyesCount}
+              </span>{" "}
+              need eyes; {doneTodayCount} are done today.
+            </p>
           </div>
-      <p
-        className="mono mt-2 flex items-center gap-2"
+
+          <div
+            className="flex flex-col items-start lg:items-end gap-2"
+            aria-label="Day and time"
+          >
+            <div
+              className="mono uppercase"
               style={{
                 color: "var(--tt-ink-dim)",
                 fontSize: 11,
-          letterSpacing: "0.08em",
-          textTransform: "uppercase",
+                letterSpacing: "0.22em",
+                fontWeight: 500,
               }}
             >
+              {day} {date}
+            </div>
+            <div
+              className="display tabular-nums"
+              style={{
+                color: "var(--tt-ink)",
+                fontSize: 26,
+                lineHeight: 1,
+                fontWeight: 400,
+              }}
+            >
+              {time}
+            </div>
+            <div
+              className="mono uppercase"
+              style={{
+                color: "var(--tt-ink-dim)",
+                fontSize: 10,
+                letterSpacing: "0.20em",
+              }}
+            >
+              local
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        {/* Live status row — a horizontal "ticker" of the lane counts so
+            the operator can read the queue at a glance. */}
+        <div
+          className="relative mt-5 flex items-center gap-5 flex-wrap mono uppercase"
+          style={{
+            color: "var(--tt-ink-dim)",
+            fontSize: 11,
+            letterSpacing: "0.14em",
+          }}
+        >
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
             <span
+              aria-hidden
               className="inline-block w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full animate-pulse-dot"
               style={{ background: "var(--tt-amber)" }}
-          aria-hidden
             />
-        <span style={{ color: "var(--tt-amber)", fontWeight: 600 }}>{needEyesCount}</span>
-        items need eyes
+            <span>Live</span>
+          </div>
           <span className="opacity-50">·</span>
-        <span style={{ color: "var(--tt-ink)", fontWeight: 600 }}>{doneTodayCount}</span>
+          <span>
+            <span style={{ color: "var(--tt-amber)", fontWeight: 600 }}>
+              {needEyesCount}
+            </span>{" "}
+            need eyes
+          </span>
+          <span className="opacity-50">·</span>
+          <span>
+            <span style={{ color: "var(--tt-ink)", fontWeight: 600 }}>
+              {doneTodayCount}
+            </span>{" "}
             done today
-      </p>
+          </span>
+          <span className="opacity-50 hidden sm:inline">·</span>
+          <span className="hidden sm:inline">
+            {fmt.date(new Date().toISOString())}
+          </span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
     </header>
   );
 }

src/hooks/usePayerSummary.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { useQuery } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import { api, type PayerSummary } from "@/lib/api";
+
+/**
+ * Fetch the aggregate payer stats shown in the payer peek modal
+ * (SP21 universal drill-down).
+ *
+ * Caches for 60s — the backend caches the same way, so re-asks inside
+ * that window are free. `retry: 1` because peek content is a low-stakes
+ * summary; one retry on transient failure is enough before falling back
+ * to the error UI.
+ *
+ * When `payerId` is `null` (the peek isn't open), the query is disabled
+ * and the hook returns the idle React-Query state — no fetch.
+ */
+export function usePayerSummary(payerId: string | null) {
+  return useQuery<PayerSummary>({
+    queryKey: ["payer-summary", payerId],
+    queryFn: () => api.getPayerSummary(payerId as string),
+    enabled: payerId !== null,
+    staleTime: 60 * 1000,
+    retry: 1,
+  });
+}

src/index.css

@@ -413,3 +413,18 @@
     animation-duration: 0s !important;
   }
 }
+
+/* Universal drill-down affordance — applied by DrillableCell. */
+.drillable {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  transition: background-color 120ms ease;
+}
+.drillable:hover {
+  background-color: hsl(var(--accent) / 0.08);
+}
+.drillable:hover::after {
+  content: "›";
+  margin-left: 6px;
+  color: hsl(var(--accent));
+  font-weight: 600;
+}

src/lib/api.ts

@@ -586,6 +586,39 @@ async function listProviders<T = unknown>(
   return (await res.json()) as PaginatedResponse<T>;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Aggregate stats for one payer, used by the peek modal on Dashboard /
+ * Claims tables (SP21 universal drill-down). Drives
+ * `GET /api/payers/{payer_id}/summary`.
+ *
+ * `denial_rate` is a fraction in `[0, 1]` (the API does NOT pre-multiply).
+ * `top_providers` is the top 3 (or fewer) by claim count, ordered
+ * server-side.
+ */
+export interface PayerSummary {
+  payer_id: string;
+  name: string;
+  claim_count: number;
+  billed_total: number;
+  received_total: number;
+  denial_rate: number;
+  top_providers: Array<{ npi: string; count: number }>;
+}
+
+async function getPayerSummary(payerId: string): Promise<PayerSummary> {
+  if (!isConfigured) throw notConfiguredError();
+  const res = await fetch(
+    joinUrl(`/api/payers/${encodeURIComponent(payerId)}/summary`)
+  );
+  if (!res.ok) {
+    const detail = await readErrorBody(res);
+    throw new Error(
+      `${res.status} ${res.statusText}${detail ? ` — ${detail}` : ""}`
+    );
+  }
+  return (await res.json()) as PayerSummary;
+}
+
 async function listActivity<T = unknown>(
   params: ListActivityParams = {}
 ): Promise<PaginatedResponse<T>> {
@@ -740,6 +773,7 @@ export const api = {
   listRemittances,
   getRemittance,
   listProviders,
+  getPayerSummary,
   listActivity,
   listUnmatched,
   matchRemit,

src/pages/Acks.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { useCallback, useState } from "react";
-import { CheckCircle2, Download } from "lucide-react";
+import { CheckCircle2, Download, ShieldCheck } from "lucide-react";
 import {
   Table,
   TableBody,
@@ -27,18 +27,30 @@ import type { Ack } from "@/types";
 function AckCodeBadge({ code }: { code: Ack["ackCode"] }) {
   const color =
     code === "A"
-      ? "text-emerald-400 border-emerald-400/30 bg-emerald-400/10"
-      : code === "E"
-      ? "text-amber-400 border-amber-400/30 bg-amber-400/10"
-      : code === "P"
-      ? "text-amber-400 border-amber-400/30 bg-amber-400/10"
-      : "text-red-400 border-red-400/30 bg-red-400/10";
+      ? {
+          text: "hsl(152 64% 30%)",
+          bg: "hsl(152 50% 88%)",
+          border: "hsl(152 64% 38% / 0.30)",
+        }
+      : code === "R"
+        ? {
+            text: "hsl(358 70% 36%)",
+            bg: "hsl(358 70% 92%)",
+            border: "hsl(358 70% 50% / 0.30)",
+          }
+        : {
+            text: "hsl(36 92% 30%)",
+            bg: "hsl(36 82% 88%)",
+            border: "hsl(36 92% 50% / 0.30)",
+          };
   return (
     <span
-      className={cn(
-        "inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full border px-2 py-0.5 text-[10.5px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.14em]",
-        color,
-      )}
+      className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-sm border px-2 py-0.5 mono text-[10.5px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.14em]"
+      style={{
+        color: color.text,
+        backgroundColor: color.bg,
+        borderColor: color.border,
+      }}
     >
       {code}
     </span>
@@ -62,26 +74,15 @@ function DownloadButton({ id, sourceBatchId }: { id: number; sourceBatchId: stri
     setBusy(true);
     try {
       const detail = await api.getAck(id);
-      // The detail endpoint returns the raw_json (the parsed
-      // ParseResult999), not the raw X12 text. Use the build_ack
-      // route's serialized form via a fallback: the round-trip
-      // serializer is applied client-side. For v1 we just
-      // serialize the raw_json envelope/segments if we have them.
       const raw =
         (detail as unknown as { raw_999_text?: string }).raw_999_text ??
         (() => {
-          // Build a minimal 999 from raw_json if the server didn't
-          // stash raw_999_text on the detail endpoint. v1's detail
-          // endpoint doesn't carry the regenerated X12, so the
-          // fallback is a stub that round-trips the parsed result.
           return "";
         })();
       if (raw) {
         downloadBlob(`ack-${sourceBatchId}.999`, raw);
       }
     } catch (err) {
-      // Swallow — the operator can retry. The page-level ErrorState
-      // only surfaces fetch errors, not download errors.
       console.error("download 999 failed", err);
     } finally {
       setBusy(false);
@@ -93,10 +94,14 @@ function DownloadButton({ id, sourceBatchId }: { id: number; sourceBatchId: stri
       onClick={onClick}
       disabled={busy}
       className={cn(
-        "inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-md border border-border/60 px-2 py-1 text-[11.5px] font-medium",
-        "hover:bg-muted/40 transition-colors",
+        "inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-sm border px-2 py-1 mono text-[10.5px] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] font-semibold transition-colors",
         busy && "opacity-50 cursor-not-allowed",
       )}
+      style={{
+        borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.20)",
+        color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))",
+        backgroundColor: "hsl(36 22% 96%)",
+      }}
       aria-label="Download 999"
     >
       <Download className="h-3 w-3" strokeWidth={1.75} />
@@ -109,11 +114,6 @@ export function Acks() {
   const { data, isLoading, isError, error, refetch } = useAcks({ limit: 100 });
   const items = data?.items ?? [];
 
-  // Row navigation state (SP4-style j/k). `selectedIndex === null`
-  // means "no row focused yet" — the initial render shows no
-  // highlight, and the first j press lands on row 0 (and the first k
-  // press lands on the last row, so the user can quickly jump to
-  // either end of the list).
   const [selectedIndex, setSelectedIndex] = useState<number | null>(null);
   const [helpOpen, setHelpOpen] = useState(false);
 
@@ -129,18 +129,10 @@ export function Acks() {
     setSelectedIndex((i) => {
       if (items.length === 0) return null;
       if (i === null) return items.length - 1;
-      // Add items.length before the modulo so the negative index
-      // (first row → wrap to last) wraps correctly.
       return (i - 1 + items.length) % items.length;
     });
   }, [items.length]);
 
-  // `enabled: !helpOpen` so j/k navigation yields to the cheatsheet
-  // while it's open. The cheatsheet's own dismiss listener still fires
-  // for any non-`?` keypress (including j/k), so pressing j will close
-  // the cheatsheet but won't move the row — exactly the behavior the
-  // user expects: "the cheatsheet is in the way, get it out of my
-  // way; I'll start navigating on the next keypress".
   useRowKeyboard({
     enabled: !helpOpen && items.length > 0,
     onNext: moveNext,
@@ -149,60 +141,504 @@ export function Acks() {
     onToggleHelp: () => setHelpOpen((v) => !v),
   });
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Aggregate metrics for the KPI strip
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
+  const totals = items.reduce(
+    (acc, a) => ({
+      accepted: acc.accepted + a.acceptedCount,
+      rejected: acc.rejected + a.rejectedCount,
+      received: acc.received + a.receivedCount,
+    }),
+    { accepted: 0, rejected: 0, received: 0 },
+  );
+  const acceptRate =
+    totals.received > 0
+      ? Math.round((totals.accepted / totals.received) * 1000) / 10
+      : 0;
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Stagger choreography
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------
+  const heroDelay = 0;
+  const foldDelay = 220;
+  const titleDelay = 320;
+  const kpiDelay = 460;
+  const tableDelay = 600;
+
   return (
     <>
       <KeyboardCheatsheet
         open={helpOpen}
         onClose={() => setHelpOpen(false)}
       />
-      <div className="space-y-8 animate-fade-in">
-        <header>
-          <div className="text-[10.5px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-muted-foreground mb-2 flex items-center gap-2">
-            <span className="inline-block h-px w-6 bg-border" />
-            999 ACKs
+      <div className="space-y-0">
+        {/* =================================================================
+            HERO — DARK EDITORIAL HEADER
+            ================================================================= */}
+        <section
+          className="relative animate-fade-in pt-6 pb-8 lg:pt-9 lg:pb-10"
+          style={{ animationDelay: `${heroDelay}ms` }}
+        >
+          {/* Ghost "999" watermark — a print-shop stamp behind the title */}
+          <div
+            aria-hidden="true"
+            className="pointer-events-none select-none absolute inset-x-0 top-[58%] -translate-y-1/2 whitespace-nowrap display text-center"
+            style={{
+              fontSize: "clamp(180px, 22vw, 320px)",
+              letterSpacing: "-0.05em",
+              opacity: 0.05,
+              lineHeight: 1,
+              color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+            }}
+          >
+            999
           </div>
-          <h1 className="text-[22px] font-semibold tracking-tight">
-            999 Implementation Acknowledgments
+
+          <div className="relative z-10 grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-[1fr,auto] gap-8 items-end mb-7">
+            <div className="min-w-0 max-w-3xl">
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mb-5">
+                <div className="h-px w-14 bg-foreground/25" />
+                <span className="mono text-[12px] uppercase tracking-[0.22em] text-muted-foreground">
+                  999 ACKs · Reference
+                </span>
+                <span
+                  className="mono text-[12px] uppercase tracking-[0.22em] text-muted-foreground/60 hidden sm:inline"
+                  aria-hidden
+                >
+                  · {items.length} on file
+                </span>
+              </div>
+              <h1 className="display text-[48px] sm:text-[64px] lg:text-[80px] leading-[0.92] text-foreground tracking-[-0.04em]">
+                Acknowledgments,{" "}
+                <span className="italic text-muted-foreground/85">received.</span>
               </h1>
-          <p className="text-muted-foreground mt-1.5 text-[14px]">
-            999 ACK transaction sets — generated automatically in response to
-            837P ingests, or parsed from inbound 999 uploads.
+            </div>
+            <div className="flex flex-col items-start lg:items-end gap-3">
+              <div className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-full border border-border/60 bg-card/60 px-3.5 py-2 text-[11.5px] mono uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground backdrop-blur">
+                <ShieldCheck
+                  className="h-3.5 w-3.5"
+                  strokeWidth={1.75}
+                  style={{ color: "hsl(var(--success))" }}
+                />
+                Envelope · accepted / rejected / partial
+              </div>
+              <kbd
+                className="mono text-[10.5px] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-muted-foreground/70"
+              >
+                Press <span className="text-foreground">?</span> for shortcuts
+              </kbd>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          <div className="relative z-10 max-w-2xl">
+            <p className="text-[14px] text-muted-foreground leading-relaxed">
+              999 Implementation Acknowledgments — generated automatically in
+              response to 837P ingests, or parsed from inbound 999 uploads.
+              Each row below is a single transaction set with its accept /
+              reject counts and the original X12 to download.
             </p>
-        </header>
+          </div>
+        </section>
+
+        {/* =================================================================
+            FOLD — TORN PAGE
+            ================================================================= */}
+        <div
+          aria-hidden
+          className="relative h-14 animate-fade-in"
+          style={{ animationDelay: `${foldDelay}ms` }}
+        >
+          <div
+            className="absolute inset-x-0 top-0 h-1/2"
+            style={{
+              background:
+                "linear-gradient(to bottom, hsl(0 0% 0% / 0.55), transparent)",
+            }}
+          />
+          <div
+            className="absolute inset-x-0 bottom-0 h-1/2"
+            style={{
+              background:
+                "linear-gradient(to top, hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.18), transparent)",
+            }}
+          />
+          <div
+            className="absolute inset-x-0 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 h-px"
+            style={{
+              background:
+                "linear-gradient(to right, transparent, hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.5) 12%, hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.7) 50%, hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.5) 88%, transparent)",
+            }}
+          />
+          <div
+            className="absolute inset-x-0 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 flex justify-between px-2"
+            style={{ pointerEvents: "none" }}
+          >
+            {Array.from({ length: 48 }, (_, i) => (
+              <span
+                key={i}
+                className="block h-[3px] w-[3px] rounded-full"
+                style={{ backgroundColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.22)" }}
+              />
+            ))}
+          </div>
+          <div className="relative z-10 mx-auto h-full flex items-center justify-center gap-3 bg-background px-4 w-fit">
+            <span
+              className="display italic"
+              style={{ color: "hsl(var(--muted-foreground))", fontSize: 15 }}
+            >
+              ↘
+            </span>
+            <span
+              className="mono uppercase tracking-[0.24em]"
+              style={{
+                color: "hsl(var(--muted-foreground))",
+                fontSize: 11,
+                fontWeight: 500,
+              }}
+            >
+              999 register
+            </span>
+            <span
+              className="display italic"
+              style={{ color: "hsl(var(--muted-foreground))", fontSize: 15 }}
+            >
+              ↙
+            </span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        {/* =================================================================
+            PAPER PLANE
+            ================================================================= */}
+        <div
+          className="relative max-w-[1280px] mx-auto animate-fade-in-up"
+          style={{
+            animationDelay: `${titleDelay}ms`,
+            backgroundColor: "hsl(var(--surface))",
+            boxShadow:
+              "inset 0 1px 0 0 hsl(0 0% 100% / 0.5), 0 1px 0 0 hsl(30 14% 22% / 0.06), 0 30px 80px -24px hsl(0 0% 0% / 0.45)",
+          }}
+        >
+          {/* Paper grain */}
+          <div
+            aria-hidden
+            className="pointer-events-none absolute inset-0 opacity-[0.04]"
+            style={{
+              backgroundImage:
+                "url(\"data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='160' height='160'><filter id='n'><feTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.9' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/><feColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 0.1  0 0 0 0 0.08  0 0 0 0 0.05  0 0 0 0.9 0'/></filter><rect width='100%' height='100%' filter='url(%23n)'/></svg>\")",
+              backgroundSize: "160px 160px",
+              mixBlendMode: "multiply",
+            }}
+          />
+
+          {/* Title block */}
+          <div className="relative px-8 lg:px-14 pt-12 pb-9 border-b border-[hsl(30_14%_14%/_0.12)]">
+            <div
+              aria-hidden
+              className="absolute left-7 lg:left-12 top-0 bottom-0 w-px"
+              style={{ backgroundColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.14)" }}
+            />
+            <div className="flex items-end justify-between gap-8 flex-wrap">
+              <div>
+                <div
+                  className="mono text-[12px] uppercase tracking-[0.24em] mb-4 font-medium"
+                  style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+                >
+                  Register · 999 Implementation ACKs
+                </div>
+                <h2
+                  className="display leading-[0.92] tracking-[-0.04em]"
+                  style={{
+                    color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+                    fontSize: "clamp(48px, 7vw, 96px)",
+                    fontWeight: 400,
+                  }}
+                >
+                  The register.
+                </h2>
+                <div
+                  className="mt-4 display italic"
+                  style={{
+                    color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))",
+                    fontSize: "clamp(15px, 1.3vw, 18px)",
+                    lineHeight: 1.4,
+                    maxWidth: "32ch",
+                  }}
+                >
+                  One row per inbound 999 — the accept / reject / partial
+                  count, the source batch it answers, and the original
+                  transaction set to download.
+                </div>
+              </div>
+              <div className="text-right shrink-0">
+                <div
+                  className="mono text-[11px] uppercase tracking-[0.24em] mb-1.5 font-medium"
+                  style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+                >
+                  On file
+                </div>
+                <div
+                  className="display tabular-nums"
+                  style={{
+                    color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+                    fontSize: 26,
+                    lineHeight: 1.1,
+                  }}
+                >
+                  {items.length}
+                </div>
+                <div
+                  className="mono text-[11px] mt-1"
+                  style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+                >
+                  999 ACK
+                  {items.length === 1 ? "" : "s"}
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          {/* KPI strip — § 01 Vital signs */}
+          <section
+            aria-label="Aggregate ACK metrics"
+            className="relative px-8 lg:px-14 py-7 animate-fade-in-up"
+            style={{ animationDelay: `${kpiDelay}ms` }}
+          >
+            <div
+              aria-hidden
+              className="absolute left-7 lg:left-12 top-7 flex flex-col items-center gap-1"
+            >
+              <span
+                className="mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] font-semibold"
+                style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+              >
+                § 01
+              </span>
+              <div
+                className="w-px h-10"
+                style={{ backgroundColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.18)" }}
+              />
+              <span
+                className="display italic"
+                style={{
+                  color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))",
+                  fontSize: 11,
+                  writingMode: "vertical-rl",
+                  transform: "rotate(180deg)",
+                  letterSpacing: "0.16em",
+                }}
+              >
+                Vital signs
+              </span>
+            </div>
+            <div className="grid grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
+              <AckKpiTile
+                label="Accepted"
+                value={totals.accepted}
+                tone="success"
+              />
+              <AckKpiTile
+                label="Rejected"
+                value={totals.rejected}
+                tone="destructive"
+              />
+              <AckKpiTile
+                label="Received"
+                value={totals.received}
+                tone="ink"
+              />
+              <AckKpiTile
+                label="Accept rate"
+                value={`${acceptRate}%`}
+                tone="blue"
+                numeric={false}
+              />
+            </div>
+          </section>
+
+          {/* Table — § 02 The register */}
+          <section
+            aria-label="ACK register"
+            className="relative px-8 lg:px-14 pb-8 lg:pb-10 animate-fade-in-up"
+            style={{ animationDelay: `${tableDelay}ms` }}
+          >
+            <div
+              aria-hidden
+              className="absolute left-7 lg:left-12 top-9 flex flex-col items-center gap-1"
+            >
+              <span
+                className="mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] font-semibold"
+                style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+              >
+                § 02
+              </span>
+              <div
+                className="w-px h-12"
+                style={{ backgroundColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.18)" }}
+              />
+              <span
+                className="display italic"
+                style={{
+                  color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))",
+                  fontSize: 11,
+                  writingMode: "vertical-rl",
+                  transform: "rotate(180deg)",
+                  letterSpacing: "0.16em",
+                }}
+              >
+                The register
+              </span>
+            </div>
+
+            <div
+              className="pt-6 border-t"
+              style={{
+                borderTopStyle: "double",
+                borderTopWidth: 3,
+                borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.12)",
+              }}
+            >
+              <div className="flex items-end justify-between gap-6 flex-wrap mb-5">
+                <div>
+                  <div
+                    className="mono text-[11.5px] uppercase tracking-[0.24em] font-semibold mb-2"
+                    style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+                  >
+                    The register
+                  </div>
+                  <h3
+                    className="display leading-[0.98] tracking-[-0.03em]"
+                    style={{
+                      color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+                      fontSize: "clamp(24px, 2.6vw, 32px)",
+                      fontWeight: 400,
+                    }}
+                  >
+                    All <span className="italic">999s</span>, newest first.
+                  </h3>
+                </div>
+                <div
+                  className="text-[12.5px] display italic"
+                  style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))", maxWidth: 380 }}
+                >
+                  Navigate rows with{" "}
+                  <kbd
+                    className="mono not-italic text-[10.5px] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] px-1 py-0.5 rounded-sm border"
+                    style={{
+                      borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.20)",
+                      color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+                    }}
+                  >
+                    j
+                  </kbd>{" "}
+                  /{" "}
+                  <kbd
+                    className="mono not-italic text-[10.5px] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] px-1 py-0.5 rounded-sm border"
+                    style={{
+                      borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.20)",
+                      color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+                    }}
+                  >
+                    k
+                  </kbd>
+                  .
+                </div>
+              </div>
 
               {isError ? (
+                <div
+                  className="rounded-md border p-5"
+                  style={{
+                    borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.16)",
+                    backgroundColor: "hsl(36 22% 96%)",
+                  }}
+                >
                   <ErrorState
                     message="Couldn't load ACKs from the backend."
                     detail={error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}
                     onRetry={() => refetch()}
                   />
-        ) : null}
-
-        <div className="surface rounded-xl overflow-hidden">
-          {isLoading ? (
-            <div className="p-4 space-y-2">
+                </div>
+              ) : isLoading ? (
+                <div
+                  className="rounded-md border p-4 space-y-2"
+                  style={{
+                    borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.10)",
+                    backgroundColor: "hsl(36 22% 96%)",
+                  }}
+                >
                   {Array.from({ length: 5 }).map((_, i) => (
                     <Skeleton key={i} variant="row" />
                   ))}
                 </div>
               ) : items.length === 0 ? (
+                <div
+                  className="rounded-md border p-10 text-center"
+                  style={{
+                    borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.16)",
+                    borderStyle: "dashed",
+                    backgroundColor: "hsl(36 22% 96%)",
+                  }}
+                >
                   <EmptyState
                     eyebrow="999 ACKs · awaiting first 837 with ack=true"
                     message="Upload an 837P with ?ack=true, or parse a 999 file directly to populate this list."
                   />
+                </div>
               ) : (
-            <Table>
+                <div
+                  className="rounded-md border overflow-hidden"
+                  style={{
+                    borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.10)",
+                    backgroundColor: "hsl(36 22% 98%)",
+                    boxShadow:
+                      "inset 0 1px 0 0 hsl(0 0% 100% / 0.5)",
+                  }}
+                >
+                  <Table tone="paper">
                     <TableHeader>
                       <TableRow>
-                  <TableHead className="w-12" aria-label="Status" />
-                  <TableHead>ID</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead>Source Batch</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead className="text-right">Accepted</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead className="text-right">Rejected</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead className="text-right">Received</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead>ACK Code</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead>Parsed</TableHead>
-                  <TableHead className="w-20" aria-label="Download" />
+                        <TableHead
+                          className="w-12"
+                          aria-label="Status"
+                          style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}
+                        />
+                        <TableHead style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}>
+                          ID
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}>
+                          Source Batch
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead
+                          className="text-right"
+                          style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}
+                        >
+                          Accepted
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead
+                          className="text-right"
+                          style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}
+                        >
+                          Rejected
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead
+                          className="text-right"
+                          style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}
+                        >
+                          Received
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}>
+                          ACK Code
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}>
+                          Parsed
+                        </TableHead>
+                        <TableHead
+                          className="w-20"
+                          aria-label="Download"
+                          style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}
+                        />
                       </TableRow>
                     </TableHeader>
                     <TableBody>
@@ -216,58 +652,182 @@ export function Acks() {
                             aria-selected={isSelected}
                             className={cn(
                               isSelected && [
-                          // Accent-tinted bg + ring + left strip make the
-                          // selected row clearly stand out from the
-                          // default `hover:bg-muted/30` and the
-                          // `data-[state=selected]:bg-muted` that the
-                          // TableRow primitive applies. Tailwind's
-                          // `accent` token is the same accent used
-                          // elsewhere in the app (nav-active indicator,
-                          // row-flash keyframe, focus ring).
-                          "bg-accent/10 ring-1 ring-inset ring-accent/40 shadow-[inset_2px_0_0_0_hsl(var(--accent))]",
+                                "ring-1 ring-inset",
                               ],
                             )}
+                            style={
+                              isSelected
+                                ? {
+                                    backgroundColor: "hsl(212 85% 95%)",
+                                    boxShadow:
+                                      "inset 2px 0 0 0 hsl(212 100% 45%)",
+                                  }
+                                : undefined
+                            }
                           >
-                      <TableCell className="text-muted-foreground">
+                            <TableCell>
                               <CheckCircle2
                                 className={cn(
                                   "h-3.5 w-3.5",
-                            a.ackCode === "A" ? "text-emerald-400" : a.ackCode === "R" ? "text-red-400" : "text-amber-400",
+                                  a.ackCode === "A"
+                                    ? "text-[hsl(152_64%_38%)]"
+                                    : a.ackCode === "R"
+                                      ? "text-[hsl(358_70%_42%)]"
+                                      : "text-[hsl(36_92%_50%)]",
                                 )}
                                 strokeWidth={1.75}
                                 aria-hidden
                               />
                             </TableCell>
-                      <TableCell className="display num text-[13px]">{a.id}</TableCell>
-                      <TableCell className="font-mono text-[12px] text-muted-foreground truncate max-w-[180px]">
+                            <TableCell
+                              className="display num text-[13px]"
+                              style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))" }}
+                            >
+                              {a.id}
+                            </TableCell>
+                            <TableCell
+                              className="font-mono text-[12px] truncate max-w-[180px]"
+                              style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}
+                            >
                               {a.sourceBatchId}
                             </TableCell>
-                      <TableCell className="text-right display num text-emerald-400">
+                            <TableCell
+                              className="text-right display num"
+                              style={{ color: "hsl(152 64% 32%)" }}
+                            >
                               {a.acceptedCount}
                             </TableCell>
-                      <TableCell className="text-right display num text-red-400">
+                            <TableCell
+                              className="text-right display num"
+                              style={{ color: "hsl(358 70% 38%)" }}
+                            >
                               {a.rejectedCount}
                             </TableCell>
-                      <TableCell className="text-right display num text-muted-foreground">
+                            <TableCell
+                              className="text-right display num"
+                              style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-2))" }}
+                            >
                               {a.receivedCount}
                             </TableCell>
                             <TableCell>
                               <AckCodeBadge code={a.ackCode} />
                             </TableCell>
-                      <TableCell className="text-muted-foreground num text-[12.5px]">
+                            <TableCell
+                              className="num text-[12.5px]"
+                              style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+                            >
                               {a.parsedAt ? fmt.dateShort(a.parsedAt) : "—"}
                             </TableCell>
                             <TableCell>
-                        <DownloadButton id={a.id} sourceBatchId={a.sourceBatchId} />
+                              <DownloadButton
+                                id={a.id}
+                                sourceBatchId={a.sourceBatchId}
+                              />
                             </TableCell>
                           </TableRow>
                         );
                       })}
                     </TableBody>
                   </Table>
+                </div>
               )}
             </div>
+          </section>
+
+          {/* Footer */}
+          <div
+            className="relative px-8 lg:px-14 py-5 border-t flex items-center justify-between mono text-[10.5px] uppercase tracking-[0.18em]"
+            style={{
+              borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.12)",
+              color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))",
+            }}
+          >
+            <span>End of register</span>
+            <span>Cyclone · 999 ACKs</span>
+            <span>
+              {items.length} {items.length === 1 ? "row" : "rows"}
+            </span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
       </div>
     </>
   );
 }
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// AckKpiTile — paper-toned metric for the ACK register.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+function AckKpiTile({
+  label,
+  value,
+  tone,
+  numeric = true,
+}: {
+  label: string;
+  value: number | string;
+  tone: "success" | "destructive" | "ink" | "blue";
+  numeric?: boolean;
+}) {
+  const accentMap = {
+    success: "hsl(152 64% 38%)",
+    destructive: "hsl(358 70% 42%)",
+    ink: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+    blue: "hsl(212 100% 45%)",
+  } as const;
+  const tintMap = {
+    success: "hsl(152 50% 88%)",
+    destructive: "hsl(358 70% 92%)",
+    ink: "hsl(36 22% 90%)",
+    blue: "hsl(212 85% 92%)",
+  } as const;
+  const accent = accentMap[tone];
+  const tint = tintMap[tone];
+  return (
+    <div
+      className="relative rounded-xl p-5 overflow-hidden border"
+      style={{
+        backgroundColor: "hsl(var(--surface))",
+        boxShadow:
+          "inset 0 1px 0 0 hsl(0 0% 100% / 0.45), 0 1px 0 0 hsl(30 14% 22% / 0.06), inset 3px 0 0 0 hsl(0 0% 100% / 0.4)",
+        borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.10)",
+      }}
+    >
+      <div
+        aria-hidden
+        className="absolute left-0 top-5 bottom-5 w-[3px] rounded-r-sm"
+        style={{ backgroundColor: accent, opacity: 0.85 }}
+      />
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2.5">
+        <div
+          className="mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] font-semibold"
+          style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+        >
+          {label}
+        </div>
+        <div
+          className="h-5 w-5 rounded-md flex items-center justify-center"
+          style={{ backgroundColor: tint }}
+        >
+          <span
+            className="block h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full"
+            style={{ backgroundColor: accent }}
+          />
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div
+        className={cn(
+          "tabular-nums tracking-[-0.04em]",
+          numeric ? "display" : "display"
+        )}
+        style={{
+          color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+          fontSize: "clamp(28px, 3vw, 40px)",
+          lineHeight: 1,
+          fontWeight: 400,
+        }}
+      >
+        {value}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

src/pages/Claims.test.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import React, { act } from "react";
 import { createRoot, type Root } from "react-dom/client";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi, beforeEach, afterEach } from "vitest";
 import { QueryClient, QueryClientProvider } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import { MemoryRouter } from "react-router-dom";
 import { Claims } from "./Claims";
 import { api } from "@/lib/api";
 import { useTailStore } from "@/store/tail-store";
@@ -148,8 +149,30 @@ function setLocation(url: string): void {
  * a real DOM container wrapped in `QueryClientProvider` so the page's
  * TanStack Query calls (via `useClaims`) resolve against our mocked
  * `api.listClaims`.
+ *
+ * Also wraps in a `MemoryRouter` so the page's `useSearchParams`
+ * (added when Claims started reading `?status=` / `?sort=` off the URL
+ * for Dashboard KPI drill-through) has a router context to read from.
+ * The default `initialEntries` mirrors whatever `setLocation(...)` set
+ * on `window.location`, so the existing tests' pre-set URLs keep
+ * working without per-test changes.
  */
 function renderClaims(): { unmount: () => void } {
+  const initialEntries = [
+    window.location.pathname + window.location.search,
+  ];
+  return renderClaimsAt(initialEntries);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Variant of `renderClaims` that lets a test pin a specific initial
+ * URL. Used by the URL-param filter tests below so each one can start
+ * at exactly the URL it's asserting on.
+ */
+function renderClaimsAt(initialEntries: string[]): {
+  unmount: () => void;
+  container: HTMLDivElement;
+} {
   const container = document.createElement("div");
   document.body.appendChild(container);
   const qc = new QueryClient({
@@ -168,11 +191,16 @@ function renderClaims(): { unmount: () => void } {
       React.createElement(
         QueryClientProvider,
         { client: qc },
-        React.createElement(Claims)
-      )
+        React.createElement(
+          MemoryRouter,
+          { initialEntries },
+          React.createElement(Claims),
+        ),
+      ),
     );
   });
   return {
+    container,
     unmount: () => {
       act(() => root.unmount());
       container.remove();
@@ -531,4 +559,144 @@ describe("Claims page drawer wiring", () => {
 
     unmount();
   });
+
+  // -------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // URL-driven filter state (sub-project 6, Phase 1 Task 1.8 follow-up).
+  //
+  // Dashboard KPI tiles drill through to Claims with `?status=` and
+  // `?sort=` query params. These tests pin each URL and assert that
+  // the page actually filters (not just lands on a default view).
+  //
+  // The strongest assertion is on `api.listClaims.mock.calls` — that's
+  // the exact params the page forwards to the API, so a passing test
+  // proves end-to-end that URL → useSearchParams → useClaims → fetch.
+  // -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  it("test_url_param_status_denied_filters_and_selects_chip", async () => {
+    const { unmount, container } = renderClaimsAt(["/claims?status=denied"]);
+
+    // The first render of FilterChips is reached before useSearchParams
+    // has the URL-derived `status` value committed (MemoryRouter
+    // initializes synchronously but the chip's aria-checked only flips
+    // to "true" on the next React commit). Wait for that commit so
+    // the assertion below isn't a race against the first render.
+    // We settle on `useClaims` having been called with status=denied
+    // — that's the strongest invariant: it proves the URL → state →
+    // API-call chain has fully propagated end-to-end.
+    await settle(
+      () => {
+        const calls = (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls;
+        const lastCallParams = calls[calls.length - 1]?.[0] as
+          | { status?: string; sort?: string; order?: string }
+          | undefined;
+        return lastCallParams?.status === "denied";
+      },
+    );
+
+    // Scope queries to this test's container so we can't accidentally
+    // pick up a chip from a leaked render of a previous test.
+    const deniedChip = Array.from(
+      container.querySelectorAll('[role="radio"]'),
+    ).find(
+      (el) => el.textContent?.trim().toLowerCase() === "denied",
+    ) as HTMLButtonElement | undefined;
+    expect(deniedChip).toBeDefined();
+    expect(deniedChip?.getAttribute("aria-checked")).toBe("true");
+
+    // No other status chip should be checked.
+    const checkedChips = Array.from(
+      container.querySelectorAll('[role="radio"][aria-checked="true"]'),
+    );
+    expect(checkedChips).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(checkedChips[0]?.textContent?.trim().toLowerCase()).toBe(
+      "denied",
+    );
+
+    unmount();
+  });
+
+  it("test_url_param_sort_minus_receivedAmount_sorts_by_received_desc", async () => {
+    const { unmount } = renderClaimsAt(["/claims?sort=-receivedAmount"]);
+
+    // Wait for useClaims to be called once.
+    await settle(
+      () => (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls.length > 0,
+    );
+
+    const calls = (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls;
+    const lastCallParams = calls[calls.length - 1]?.[0] as
+      | { status?: string; sort?: string; order?: string }
+      | undefined;
+
+    // The `-` prefix must be stripped off and order set to desc.
+    expect(lastCallParams?.sort).toBe("receivedAmount");
+    expect(lastCallParams?.order).toBe("desc");
+    // No status filter — user only asked for a sort change.
+    expect(lastCallParams?.status).toBeUndefined();
+
+    unmount();
+  });
+
+  it("test_url_param_sort_without_prefix_orders_ascending", async () => {
+    const { unmount } = renderClaimsAt(["/claims?sort=submittedDate"]);
+
+    await settle(
+      () => (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls.length > 0,
+    );
+
+    const calls = (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls;
+    const lastCallParams = calls[calls.length - 1]?.[0] as
+      | { status?: string; sort?: string; order?: string }
+      | undefined;
+
+    // No `-` prefix → order is asc.
+    expect(lastCallParams?.sort).toBe("submittedDate");
+    expect(lastCallParams?.order).toBe("asc");
+
+    unmount();
+  });
+
+  it("test_no_url_params_defaults_to_billed_desc_all_statuses", async () => {
+    // Default URL — matches the existing "click a row to open the
+    // drawer" tests, but here we assert on the params forwarded to
+    // the API to prove the no-param default matches the previous
+    // hardcoded behavior (sort=billedAmount, order=desc, no status).
+    const { unmount } = renderClaimsAt(["/claims"]);
+
+    await settle(
+      () => (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls.length > 0,
+    );
+
+    const calls = (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls;
+    const lastCallParams = calls[calls.length - 1]?.[0] as
+      | { status?: string; sort?: string; order?: string }
+      | undefined;
+
+    expect(lastCallParams?.status).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(lastCallParams?.sort).toBe("billedAmount");
+    expect(lastCallParams?.order).toBe("desc");
+
+    unmount();
+  });
+
+  it("test_url_param_sort_dash_only_falls_back_to_default", async () => {
+    // `?sort=-` is the prefix-with-no-field degenerate case. A naive
+    // `slice(1)` would yield "" and the API would get `sort=""`.
+    // We assert the page falls back to the default sort instead.
+    const { unmount } = renderClaimsAt(["/claims?sort=-"]);
+
+    await settle(
+      () => (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls.length > 0,
+    );
+
+    const calls = (api.listClaims as ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>).mock.calls;
+    const lastCallParams = calls[calls.length - 1]?.[0] as
+      | { status?: string; sort?: string; order?: string }
+      | undefined;
+
+    expect(lastCallParams?.sort).toBe("billedAmount");
+    expect(lastCallParams?.order).toBe("desc");
+
+    unmount();
+  });
 });

src/pages/Claims.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { useSearchParams } from "react-router-dom";
 import { Search, X } from "lucide-react";
 import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
 import {
@@ -48,14 +49,80 @@ const STATUS_OPTIONS: FilterChipOption[] = [
   { value: "pending", label: "Pending" },
 ];
 
+// Whitelist of valid `?status=` values — anything else falls back to ALL.
+// Used both to validate the URL param on read AND to guard the Dropdown
+// onValueChange so the URL never carries a bogus value.
+const VALID_STATUSES: ReadonlySet<ClaimStatus> = new Set<ClaimStatus>([
+  "draft",
+  "submitted",
+  "accepted",
+  "denied",
+  "paid",
+  "pending",
+]);
+
 export function Claims() {
-  const [status, setStatus] = useState<ClaimStatus | typeof ALL>(ALL);
+  // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // URL-driven filter state.
+  //
+  // The page reads `?status=` and `?sort=` off the URL (via React Router's
+  // useSearchParams) so deep links from the Dashboard KPI tiles — e.g.
+  // navigate("/claims?status=denied") — actually filter, not just land on
+  // a default view. Status and sort/order derive from the URL; pagination
+  // (`?page=`) and search (`?q=`) stay local because they're ephemeral
+  // view state that doesn't deserve a URL slot.
+  //
+  // Sort syntax: `?sort=billedAmount` → asc, `?sort=-billedAmount` → desc.
+  // The leading `-` is the conventional "negate" prefix used by most
+  // list APIs (incl. our own /api/claims), so we mirror it instead of
+  // using a separate `?order=` param.
+  // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  const [searchParams, setSearchParams] = useSearchParams();
+
+  const rawStatus = searchParams.get("status");
+  const status: ClaimStatus | typeof ALL =
+    rawStatus && VALID_STATUSES.has(rawStatus as ClaimStatus)
+      ? (rawStatus as ClaimStatus)
+      : ALL;
+
+  const rawSort = searchParams.get("sort");
+  let sort: string;
+  let order: "asc" | "desc";
+  if (rawSort && rawSort.length > 1 && rawSort.startsWith("-")) {
+    // Strip the `-` desc-marker, but only when there's an actual field
+    // after it. `?sort=-` (prefix only, no field) falls through to the
+    // default below — otherwise `slice(1)` would yield `""` and we'd
+    // hit the API with `sort=""`.
+    sort = rawSort.slice(1);
+    order = "desc";
+  } else if (rawSort && rawSort !== "-") {
+    sort = rawSort;
+    order = "asc";
+  } else {
+    // Default — match the previous hardcoded behavior so existing
+    // bookmarks and the "no params" path keep sorting by billed desc.
+    // Also catches `?sort=-` (no field after the prefix) and any other
+    // degenerate value.
+    sort = "billedAmount";
+    order = "desc";
+  }
+
   const [npi, setNpi] = useState<string>(ALL);
   const [query, setQuery] = useState("");
   const [page, setPage] = useState(1);
   const [helpOpen, setHelpOpen] = useState(false);
   const searchRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
 
+  // Reset pagination whenever the URL-driven filters change. Without
+  // this, a deep link like `/claims?status=denied` lands on whatever
+  // page the user was last on (e.g. page 5 of an unfiltered list) and
+  // shows an empty view. Safe to run on every render of `status` or
+  // `sort` because `setPage(1)` is idempotent when already at 1, and
+  // changing `page` doesn't trigger this effect.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setPage(1);
+  }, [status, sort]);
+
   const { claimId, open, close, setClaimId } = useDrawerUrlState();
 
   const providers = useAppStore((s) => s.providers);
@@ -64,11 +131,26 @@ export function Claims() {
     [providers]
   );
 
+  // Drop the `status` query param entirely when going back to "all", so
+  // the URL stays clean for sharing. Caller still owns `setPage(1)` to
+  // reset pagination.
+  const setStatus = (next: ClaimStatus | typeof ALL): void => {
+    setSearchParams(
+      (prev) => {
+        const params = new URLSearchParams(prev);
+        if (next === ALL) params.delete("status");
+        else params.set("status", next);
+        return params;
+      },
+      { replace: false },
+    );
+  };
+
   const params = {
     status: status === ALL ? undefined : status,
     provider_npi: npi === ALL ? undefined : npi,
-    sort: "billedAmount",
-    order: "desc" as const,
+    sort,
+    order,
     limit: PAGE_SIZE,
     offset: (page - 1) * PAGE_SIZE,
   };

src/pages/Dashboard.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { useMemo } from "react";
+import { useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";
 import {
   AlertCircle,
   Banknote,
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ import { PageHeader } from "@/components/PageHeader";
 import { KpiCard } from "@/components/KpiCard";
 import { ActivityFeed } from "@/components/ActivityFeed";
 import { AnimatedNumber } from "@/components/AnimatedNumber";
+import { DrillableCell } from "@/components/drill/DrillableCell";
 import { fmt } from "@/lib/format";
 import { useAppStore } from "@/store";
 
@@ -70,6 +72,8 @@ export function Dashboard() {
   const providers = useAppStore((s) => s.providers);
   const activity = useAppStore((s) => s.activity);
 
+  const navigate = useNavigate();
+
   const kpis = useMemo(() => {
     const billed = claims.reduce((s, c) => s + c.billedAmount, 0);
     const received = claims.reduce((s, c) => s + c.receivedAmount, 0);
@@ -161,6 +165,10 @@ export function Dashboard() {
       <section
         aria-label="Key performance indicators"
         className="grid gap-3.5 grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-3 lg:grid-cols-5"
+      >
+        <DrillableCell
+          onClick={() => navigate("/claims")}
+          ariaLabel="View all claims"
         >
           <KpiCard
             label="Claims"
@@ -173,6 +181,11 @@ export function Dashboard() {
             }
             hint="last 6 months"
           />
+        </DrillableCell>
+        <DrillableCell
+          onClick={() => navigate("/claims?sort=-billedAmount")}
+          ariaLabel="View claims sorted by billed amount"
+        >
           <KpiCard
             label="Billed"
             icon={CircleDollarSign}
@@ -183,6 +196,11 @@ export function Dashboard() {
             value={<AnimatedNumber value={kpis.billed} format={fmt.usd} />}
             delta={{ value: "+12.4%", direction: "up", positive: true }}
           />
+        </DrillableCell>
+        <DrillableCell
+          onClick={() => navigate("/claims?sort=-receivedAmount")}
+          ariaLabel="View claims sorted by received amount"
+        >
           <KpiCard
             label="Received"
             icon={Banknote}
@@ -193,6 +211,11 @@ export function Dashboard() {
             value={<AnimatedNumber value={kpis.received} format={fmt.usd} />}
             delta={{ value: "+8.1%", direction: "up", positive: true }}
           />
+        </DrillableCell>
+        <DrillableCell
+          onClick={() => navigate("/claims")}
+          ariaLabel="View pending accounts receivable claims"
+        >
           <KpiCard
             label="Pending AR"
             icon={Clock}
@@ -208,6 +231,11 @@ export function Dashboard() {
             }
             hint={`${kpis.pending} in queue`}
           />
+        </DrillableCell>
+        <DrillableCell
+          onClick={() => navigate("/claims?status=denied")}
+          ariaLabel="View denied claims"
+        >
           <KpiCard
             label="Denial rate"
             icon={TrendingDown}
@@ -223,6 +251,7 @@ export function Dashboard() {
             }
             delta={{ value: "-1.2 pts", direction: "down", positive: true }}
           />
+        </DrillableCell>
       </section>
 
       {/* Activity + Top providers */}
@@ -260,7 +289,22 @@ export function Dashboard() {
           <CardContent className="pt-0">
             <ul className="space-y-4">
               {topProviders.map((p, i) => (
-                <li key={p.npi} className="flex items-center gap-3">
+                <li
+                  key={p.npi}
+                  onClick={() =>
+                    navigate(`/providers?provider=${encodeURIComponent(p.npi)}`)
+                  }
+                  onKeyDown={(e) => {
+                    if (e.key === "Enter")
+                      navigate(
+                        `/providers?provider=${encodeURIComponent(p.npi)}`
+                      );
+                  }}
+                  role="button"
+                  tabIndex={0}
+                  aria-label={`View provider ${p.name}`}
+                  className="drillable flex items-center gap-3"
+                >
                   <div className="h-7 w-7 rounded-md bg-muted/60 ring-1 ring-inset ring-border/40 flex items-center justify-center mono text-[10.5px] text-muted-foreground">
                     {String(i + 1).padStart(2, "0")}
                   </div>
@@ -306,7 +350,14 @@ export function Dashboard() {
                 {topDenials.map((c) => (
                   <li
                     key={c.id}
-                    className="flex items-start gap-3 py-3 first:pt-0 last:pb-0"
+                    onClick={() => navigate(`/claims?claim=${encodeURIComponent(c.id)}`)}
+                    onKeyDown={(e) => {
+                      if (e.key === "Enter") navigate(`/claims?claim=${encodeURIComponent(c.id)}`);
+                    }}
+                    role="button"
+                    tabIndex={0}
+                    aria-label={`View claim ${c.id}`}
+                    className="drillable flex items-start gap-3 py-3 first:pt-0 last:pb-0"
                   >
                     <div className="display mono text-[12.5px] text-muted-foreground pt-0.5 w-24 shrink-0">
                       {c.id}

src/pages/Inbox.tsx

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import { useState } from "react";
+import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
 import { Lane, type LaneRow } from "@/components/inbox/Lane";
 import { InboxHeader } from "@/components/inbox/InboxHeader";
 import { BulkBar } from "@/components/inbox/BulkBar";
@@ -160,8 +161,13 @@ export default function Inbox() {
   if (loading) {
     return (
       <div
-        className="min-h-screen p-8 mono flex items-center gap-2"
-        style={{ background: "var(--tt-bg)", color: "var(--tt-ink-dim)", fontSize: 12 }}
+        className="min-h-screen"
+        style={{ background: "var(--tt-bg)", color: "var(--tt-ink)" }}
+      >
+        <InboxHeader needEyesCount={0} doneTodayCount={0} />
+        <div
+          className="px-6 lg:px-10 py-10 mono flex items-center gap-2"
+          style={{ color: "var(--tt-ink-dim)", fontSize: 12 }}
         >
           <span
             aria-hidden
@@ -170,20 +176,30 @@ export default function Inbox() {
           />
           loading inbox…
         </div>
+      </div>
     );
   }
 
   if (error) {
     return (
       <div
-        className="min-h-screen p-8 mono flex flex-col gap-2"
-        style={{ background: "var(--tt-bg)", color: "var(--tt-oxblood)", fontSize: 12 }}
+        className="min-h-screen"
+        style={{ background: "var(--tt-bg)", color: "var(--tt-ink)" }}
+      >
+        <InboxHeader needEyesCount={0} doneTodayCount={0} />
+        <div
+          className="px-6 lg:px-10 py-10 mono flex flex-col gap-2"
+          style={{ color: "var(--tt-oxblood)", fontSize: 12 }}
+        >
+          <span
+            className="uppercase tracking-[0.18em]"
+            style={{ fontSize: 10, fontWeight: 700 }}
           >
-        <span className="uppercase tracking-[0.18em]" style={{ fontSize: 10, fontWeight: 700 }}>
             Connection error
           </span>
           <span>{error.message}</span>
         </div>
+      </div>
     );
   }
 
@@ -203,7 +219,53 @@ export default function Inbox() {
       style={{ background: "var(--tt-bg)", color: "var(--tt-ink)" }}
     >
       <InboxHeader needEyesCount={needEyes} doneTodayCount={lanes.done_today.length} />
-      <main className="px-6 pb-24 pt-4 flex gap-4 items-stretch flex-wrap">
+
+      {/* Fold — a thin amber rule + italic serif annotation that
+          transitions the editorial header into the lane grid below. */}
+      <div
+        aria-hidden
+        className="relative h-10 flex items-center"
+        style={{ background: "var(--tt-bg)" }}
+      >
+        <div
+          className="absolute inset-x-0 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 h-px"
+          style={{
+            background:
+              "linear-gradient(to right, transparent, var(--tt-amber) 12%, var(--tt-amber) 88%, transparent)",
+            opacity: 0.35,
+          }}
+        />
+        <div
+          className="relative z-10 mx-auto px-3 flex items-center gap-2"
+          style={{ background: "var(--tt-bg)" }}
+        >
+          <span
+            className="display italic"
+            style={{ color: "var(--tt-amber)", fontSize: 14 }}
+          >
+            ↘
+          </span>
+          <span
+            className="mono uppercase"
+            style={{
+              color: "var(--tt-ink-dim)",
+              fontSize: 10.5,
+              letterSpacing: "0.24em",
+              fontWeight: 500,
+            }}
+          >
+            Five lanes · one queue
+          </span>
+          <span
+            className="display italic"
+            style={{ color: "var(--tt-amber)", fontSize: 14 }}
+          >
+            ↙
+          </span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <main className="px-6 lg:px-10 pb-24 pt-4 flex gap-4 items-stretch flex-wrap">
         <Lane
           name="REJECTED"
           accent="oxblood"
@@ -247,6 +309,103 @@ export default function Inbox() {
         />
       </main>
 
+      {/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
+          PAPER-TONED SUMMARY STRIP
+          A cream "ledger" panel below the lanes that shows the aggregate
+          eye-flow across the queue. Mirrors the "Magazine Spread" pattern
+          used on the Dashboard/Claims/etc pages so the Inbox feels part
+          of the same document set, not a stand-alone terminal.
+          ---------------------------------------------------------------- */}
+      <section
+        aria-label="Queue summary"
+        className="relative mx-6 lg:mx-10 mt-6 mb-4"
+      >
+        <div
+          className="relative rounded-xl overflow-hidden border"
+          style={{
+            backgroundColor: "hsl(var(--surface))",
+            borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.10)",
+            boxShadow:
+              "inset 0 1px 0 0 hsl(0 0% 100% / 0.5), 0 1px 0 0 hsl(30 14% 22% / 0.06), 0 12px 40px -16px hsl(0 0% 0% / 0.45)",
+          }}
+        >
+          {/* Title row */}
+          <div
+            className="px-5 lg:px-7 py-4 border-b flex items-center justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap"
+            style={{ borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.10)" }}
+          >
+            <div>
+              <div
+                className="mono text-[10.5px] uppercase tracking-[0.20em] font-semibold mb-1.5"
+                style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+              >
+                Queue ledger
+              </div>
+              <h2
+                className="display leading-[0.95] tracking-[-0.03em]"
+                style={{
+                  color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+                  fontSize: "clamp(22px, 2.2vw, 28px)",
+                  fontWeight: 400,
+                }}
+              >
+                The eye-flow, <span className="italic">at a glance.</span>
+              </h2>
+            </div>
+            <div
+              className="text-right"
+              aria-label="Aggregate metrics"
+            >
+              <div
+                className="mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] font-semibold"
+                style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+              >
+                Need eyes
+              </div>
+              <div
+                className="display tabular-nums"
+                style={{
+                  color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+                  fontSize: 24,
+                  lineHeight: 1.1,
+                }}
+              >
+                {needEyes}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          {/* Lane metrics row — paper tiles that mirror each lane's accent */}
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-5 divide-x divide-y lg:divide-y-0" style={{ borderColor: "hsl(30 14% 14% / 0.08)" }}>
+            <SummaryTile
+              label="Rejected"
+              value={lanes.rejected.length}
+              tone="oxblood"
+            />
+            <SummaryTile
+              label="Payer rejected"
+              value={lanes.payer_rejected.length}
+              tone="oxblood"
+            />
+            <SummaryTile
+              label="Candidates"
+              value={lanes.candidates.length}
+              tone="amber"
+            />
+            <SummaryTile
+              label="Unmatched"
+              value={lanes.unmatched.length}
+              tone="ink"
+            />
+            <SummaryTile
+              label="Done today"
+              value={lanes.done_today.length}
+              tone="muted"
+            />
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </section>
+
       {/* Per-lane bulk bars. Each shows when its lane has a selection. */}
       <BulkBar
         lane="rejected"
@@ -307,7 +466,7 @@ export default function Inbox() {
               borderColor: "var(--tt-amber)",
               color: "var(--tt-ink)",
               boxShadow:
-                "0 0 0 1px hsl(36 88% 56% / 0.18), 0 24px 60px -12px hsl(0 0% 0% / 0.7), inset 0 1px 0 0 hsl(0 0% 100% / 0.04)",
+                "0 0 0 1px hsl(36 75% 58% / 0.18), 0 24px 60px -12px hsl(0 0% 0% / 0.5), inset 0 1px 0 0 hsl(0 0% 100% / 0.03)",
             }}
           >
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-3">
@@ -404,3 +563,87 @@ export default function Inbox() {
     </div>
   );
 }
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// SummaryTile — paper-toned metric for the queue ledger strip. Mirrors
+// the lane accent (oxblood / amber / ink-blue / muted) so the eye-flow
+// reads at a glance.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+const SUMMARY_ACCENTS: Record<
+  "oxblood" | "amber" | "ink" | "muted",
+  { dot: string; tint: string; text: string }
+> = {
+  oxblood: {
+    dot: "hsl(358 70% 42%)",
+    tint: "hsl(358 70% 92%)",
+    text: "hsl(358 70% 30%)",
+  },
+  amber: {
+    dot: "hsl(36 92% 50%)",
+    tint: "hsl(36 82% 88%)",
+    text: "hsl(36 92% 30%)",
+  },
+  ink: {
+    dot: "hsl(212 80% 45%)",
+    tint: "hsl(212 85% 92%)",
+    text: "hsl(212 80% 30%)",
+  },
+  muted: {
+    dot: "hsl(30 8% 50%)",
+    tint: "hsl(36 22% 90%)",
+    text: "hsl(30 8% 30%)",
+  },
+};
+
+function SummaryTile({
+  label,
+  value,
+  tone,
+}: {
+  label: string;
+  value: number;
+  tone: "oxblood" | "amber" | "ink" | "muted";
+}) {
+  const a = SUMMARY_ACCENTS[tone];
+  return (
+    <div
+      className={cn(
+        "relative px-4 py-4 first:pl-5 lg:first:pl-7 last:pr-5 lg:last:pr-7"
+      )}
+    >
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
+        <span
+          aria-hidden
+          className="block h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full"
+          style={{ backgroundColor: a.dot }}
+        />
+        <span
+          className="mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-[0.20em] font-semibold"
+          style={{ color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink-3))" }}
+        >
+          {label}
+        </span>
+      </div>
+      <div
+        className="display tabular-nums tracking-[-0.03em]"
+        style={{
+          color: "hsl(var(--surface-ink))",
+          fontSize: "clamp(24px, 2vw, 30px)",
+          lineHeight: 1,
+          fontWeight: 400,
+        }}
+      >
+        {value}
+      </div>
+      <div
+        className="mono text-[10px] uppercase tracking-[0.16em] mt-1.5 inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-sm"
+        style={{
+          color: a.text,
+          backgroundColor: a.tint,
+        }}
+      >
+        {value === 0 ? "Clear" : value === 1 ? "row" : "rows"}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

src/types/index.ts

@@ -50,6 +50,58 @@ export interface Provider {
   phone: string;
   claimCount: number;
   outstandingAr: number;
+  /**
+   * SP21 Task 1.6: populated by the extended `GET /api/config/providers/{npi}`
+   * endpoint. Top 10 claims for this provider by `submissionDate` desc.
+   * Optional so legacy callers (in-memory sample data) keep working
+   * without an API round-trip.
+   */
+  recent_claims?: ClaimSummary[];
+  /**
+   * SP21 Task 1.6: populated by the extended `GET /api/config/providers/{npi}`
+   * endpoint. Top 10 activity events (by `ts` desc) joined to claims
+   * owned by this provider via `claim_id`.
+   */
+  recent_activity?: ActivityEvent[];
+}
+
+/**
+ * SP21 Task 1.6: slim claim projection returned by
+ * `GET /api/config/providers/{npi}.recent_claims`. Mirrors the wire
+ * shape of `store.iter_claims(provider_npi=...)` 1:1 (camelCase,
+ * superset of the legacy `Claim` interface).
+ */
+export interface ClaimSummary {
+  id: string;
+  state: string;
+  billedAmount: number;
+  patientName: string;
+  providerNpi: string;
+  payerName: string;
+  cptCode: string;
+  submissionDate: string;
+  parsedAt: string;
+  status: string;
+  matchedRemittanceId?: string | null;
+  batchId: string;
+  receivedAmount?: number;
+  denialReason?: string | null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * SP21 Task 1.6: one row in `recent_activity`. Mirrors the Python
+ * ORM `ActivityEvent` (snake_case fields rewritten to camelCase for
+ * the wire). `payload` carries the same dict the recorder wrote at
+ * the time of the event (message, npi, amount, etc.).
+ */
+export interface ActivityEvent {
+  id: number;
+  ts: string; // ISO Z
+  kind: string;
+  batchId: string | null;
+  claimId: string | null;
+  remittanceId: string | null;
+  payload: Record<string, unknown>;
 }
 
 export interface Remittance {